Fourth Grade Research Articles

Stavovi učenika srednjih stručnih škola u Srbiji o upotrebi digitalnih tehnologija prilikom izvođenja hitne nastave na daljinu tokom pandemije kovida 19 iz predmeta sociologija

The method used in this research is an online questionnaire, which was conducted among students of the third and fourth grades of secondary vocational schools in the Republic of Serbia, on a sample of 586 students. The research included the broader context of teaching in secondary vocational schools, respectively students who attended sociology classes during the COVID-19 pandemic, and only one part of it is presented in the paper. In the researched period, the participants of the educational process had to adapt to the new conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, in which it was ensured that the teaching took place in the safest possible way for all participants, and through the use of modern technologies. Compared to traditional teaching, teachers had to communicate with students through numerous platforms that were available to them free of charge, and as our research on students who attended sociology classes online showed that in 100% of cases they used audio and video recordings, zoom, viber, presentations that teachers sent to them via e-mail and social networks. While to a lesser extent they used Microsot times and significantly less edmondo, moodle and Kahoot. They also used all these online resources to the greatest extent via laptops and mobile phones and to a lesser extent tablets, as well as a few of them via desktop computers. Bearing in mind that the goal of this research was oriented towards investigating the advantages and disadvantages of online or hybrid sociology classes, it is necessary to say that the advantages stand out: that online classes are better and that is why it is easier to learn online, then that the more time they spend at home, and the more free time they have, which indicates a better balance between school and personal obligations. On the other hand, if we take into account that students were given the option not to answer the question if they think that online sociology teaching has no advantages, and we received only 342 answers out of a potential 586 students, we still conclude that a large number of students do not consider online sociology teaching to be took place during the COVID-19 pandemic satisfactorily. Although the online teaching of sociology, which took place in emergency situations, provides a lot of flexibility in teaching, the challenges and shortcomings that accompany it should not be overlooked, and according to the results of our research, there were some. The disadvantages that stand out the most are technical problems and bad internet, lack of motivation, concentration and lack of interest, poor mutual communication. The consequences of identified deficiencies can have a significant impact on learning such as unsatisfactory results and reduced efficiency, but also have long-term consequences for the development of students and their motivation to work in the future.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of hand washing with soap among students at 4 primary schools in Hanoi in 2022

Objective: Knowledge, attitude, and practice of hand-washing with soap among students at 4 primary schools in Hanoi in 2022. Research subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Khuong Thuong Primary School, Tam Khuong Primary School, Ha Hoi Primary School, and Khanh Ha Primary School, choosing 50 fourth graders and 50 fifth graders. Results: The majority of students 94.0% said that they enjoy washing their hands. The main reason for this attitude aside from taking up time is that it saves time. 54.2% of students said they often wash their hands with soap at school before eating, and 87.0% said they do so right after using the restroom. 89.5% of students indicated that using soap to wash their hands was required; nevertheless, 14.5% of the 400 respondents reported they did not use soap to wash their hands at school every day. Conclusion: The number of students who know how to wash their hands is high. Students said that hand washing with soap is necessary, but there are still respondents who do not wash their hands with soap every day at school. The students' frequent practice of handwashing is extremely high after using the restroom, but comparatively low after playing with toys.

비언어적 커뮤니케이션이 미용대학교 피부미용 실기수업의 교육만족도와 수업태도에 미치는 영향

This study was conducted to find out the effect of non-verbal communication on educational satisfaction and instructional attitude of skin care practical classes at Beauty University. From June 20 to July 30, 2023, a survey was conducted on third and fourth graders attending the College of Beauty, and a total of 220 copies were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 21.0 program. As a result of the study, non-verbal communication was found to have a positive correlation in body language, similar language, and physical appearance factors. In addition, it was found that nonverbal communication of skin care practical class instructors affects educational satisfaction and class attitude. Among them, body language factors using movements such as hand gestures, gestures, and nodding were found to have the greatest influence. Therefore, instructors need to properly utilize and research and develop nonverbal communication factors in order to increase satisfaction with skin beauty practical classes and pursue correct instructional attitudes.

위암 수술 후 간호에 대한 Debriefing for Meaningful 적용 시뮬레이션 교육의 효과

Purpose : Debriefing is essential for the simulation practice, but the educational varies depending on the debriefing guide. The purpose of this study is to present the effects of attempting debriefing for meaningful learning (DML) for the simulation practice on the critical thinking disposition, problem-solving processes, learning self-efficacy and debriefing experience scale. Methods : This study is based on the single group pre-post test experimental design study, with 58 fourth graders of nursing students were targeted. The application of DML for the simulation practice was conducted for 7 weeks on the subject of nursing care after gastric cancer surgery was completed from May 8 to June 16, 2023. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 through the frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and paired t-test. Results : After DML, the results present that there were significant differences in the problem-solving processes(t＝-2.79, p＝.007) and learning self-efficacy(t ＝-3.90, p＜.001), while the critical thinking disposition(t＝-1.61, p＝.111) demonstrated no significant differences. Conclusion : In the simulation-based education, debriefing with DML can be used as an effective strategy, and the comparative and repetitive studies using other debriefing will be needed in the future.

Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Animasi Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Kelas IV SD N 1 Poncowati Kecamatan Terbanggi Besar Kabupaten Lampung Tengah

Learning media is an information medium for teaching and learning activities so that it can provide effectiveness and interactivity in learning. The research objective in writing this is to determine the effect of animated media on student learning outcomes in science subjects for fourth grade students at SDN 1 Poncowati, Terbanggi Besar District, Central Lampung Regency. This study uses a type of quantitative research. With a quasi-experimental approach. The population in this study were all students of class IV B and class IV C of SDN 1 Poncowati, Terbanggi Besar District, Central Lampung Regency. The instruments used are test and non-test. using independent simple t-test hypothesis testing. This data collection technique uses observation, test and documentation methods. The results of this study indicate that the value of learning outcomes obtained after applying animation media to the experimental class has increased compared to the class that was not given treatment, namely animation media. This can be seen from the mean or average value of the experimental class, namely 79.93 with 96.6% completeness. And there is a significant influence between Animation Media on student learning outcomes. In this study researchers. This assessment results in a sig (2-tailed) value of 0.014 <0.05, which means 0.014 is smaller than 0.05. So it can be concluded that the hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is an influence of animation media on the learning outcomes of fourth grade students at SD N 1 Poncowati, Terbanggi Besar District, Central Lampung Regency.

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Leaflet Berbasis Kontekstual pada Pembelajaran IPA Kelas IV SD

This study aims to develop a contextual based leaflet teaching material product for Class IV Sciene learning at SD Negeri 1 Sumber Harta in accordance with the 2013 curriculum and to produce leaflet teaching materials that are valid, practical, and have potential effects. This research is a development researh is a development reseach with a 4-D development model. The Four-D model consists of 4 stages, namely: the define stage, the design stage, the develop stage, and the disseminate stage. The subjects of this study were media experts, linguists, material experts, teachers, fourth grade students at SD Negeri 1 Sumber Harta with a total of 13 students. Data collection techniques using interviews, questionnaires, and test. The data analysis technique is based on the validation result of the validation analysis of media experts getting a score of 0.89, linguists getting a score of 0,83 and material experts getting a score of 0.83. based on the results of the analysis of the three validators, an average of 0.85 shows that contextual based leaflet teaching materials in science learning have met the valid criteria. Then the practicality analysis conducted by the teacher and students consisting of 6 people that contextually based leaflet teaching materials in science learning get an average score of 93.40% is categorized as very practical and has a potential effect of 92.30% which is categorized as very good. It can be concluded that centextually based leaflet teaching materials in science learning have met the criteria of being valid, practial, and have a potential effect so that they can be used in learning.
 
 Keywords: Leaflet Teaching Materials, Contextual, Science, SD

취업준비 대학생의 사회부과완벽주의와 취업불안의 관계에서 마음챙김과 사회비교경향성의 이중매개효과

Objectives The purpose of this study was to verify the dual mediating effect of mindfulness and social comparison tendency in the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and job-seeking anxiety in college students preparing for the job.
 Methods The package of questionnaires was conducted on 316 college students in the third and fourth grades of universities from April to July in 2020. The statistical analyses which were descriptive statistics, correlational analysis, dual mediating analysis were using SPSS 22 and Macro of SPSS Process.
 Results First, the results of the analysis showed that socially prescribed perfectionism, job-seeking anxiety, mindfulness and social comparison tendency had a significant correlations. There were positive correlations between the socially prescribed perfectionism and job-seeking anxiety(r=.37, p<.01), social comparison tendency(r=.22, p<.01), however, negative correlations between the socially prescribed perfectionism with mindfulness(r=-.45, p<.01). Second, mindfulness was partially mediated in the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and job-seeking anxiety, however, social comparison tendency on it’s own have no mediating effect between independant variable and dependent variable. Third, mindfulness and social comparison tendency sequentially double-mediated the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and job-seeking anxiety, which variables explained 29% of total variance.
 Conclusions Through this study, it was found that mindfulness and social comparison tendency play an important role in the relation between socially prescribed perfectionism and job-seeking anxiety. This suggests that it is useful to pay attention to the mediating variables in educational and counseling interventions to decrease job-anxiety in college students with a high level of social prescribed perfectionism.

Science, Environment, Technology, and Society - Based Module to Improve Critical Thinking in Class IV Elementary School Learning

The low ability of Indonesian students is related to the learning process (especially science learning) which does not fully provide opportunities for students to develop critical reasoning abilities. This research aims to create a SETS-based module to improve students' critical thinking. This research is a type of Research and Development (R&D) research, the development was carried out referring to Borg & Gall's theory. The population of this study was fourth grade elementary school students. The subjects in this research were determined using a purposive sampling technique and obtained 24 students. Data collection tools use valid and reliable test instruments. The analysis technique used is quantitative and qualitative analysis. The research results show that the module is in the very valid and practical category. Material experts received a score of 0.92, media experts 0.87, language experts 0.93 and pedagogy experts 0.93, overall, in the valid category. The results of the user response assessment from students were 96.4 and teacher practicality was 93.61, including the very practical category). Data uses N-Gain with a calculation result of 0.52. The conclusion shows that the SETS-based module developed is effective in improving elementary school students' critical thinking.

Pengembangan Media Scrapbook pada Pembelajaran IPA Materi Gaya Dan Gerak Kelas IV SD

This study aims to develop a product for developing Scrapbook Media on Natural Science Learning Materials, Materials of Style and Movement for Grade IV SD Negeri Nawangsasi in accordance with the 2013 curriculum and produce scrapbook media that are valid, practical and effective for use in learning. This research is a development research with a four-dimensional development model. Based on the results of the assessment analysis by the three experts, namely: linguists 0.75%, media experts 0.82% and material experts 0.87%, it shows that Scrapbook Media in learning science, material for style and motion, meets the high criteria. While the research results on the teacher's practicality sheet obtained an average of 89.2% and students consisting of 6 people obtained an average of 87.5% that the Scrapbook Media in learning science material on style and motion meets the very practical criteria. And the results of the research on the effectiveness of all fourth grade students obtained that Scrapbook Media in science learning on force and motion material met the High criteria with a final score of 0.74, so it can be concluded that Scrapbook Media in Science learning on force and motion material met the criteria valid, practical and effective and can be used in learning.
 Keywords: Natural Sciences, Scrapbook Media, 4D Development

The Impact of the Teaching at the Right Level Approach on Critical Reasoning in Mathematics Learning in Elementary Schools

Education in schools currently has problems, especially in terms of adjusting students' ability levels. A unified approach that needs to be applied to this condition is the Teaching at the Right Level approach. So teaching at the right level means teaching given to students according to their level of ability. This research aims to analyze the influence of the Teaching at the Right Level approach on critical reasoning abilities in mathematics lessons for fourth grade elementary school students. This type of research uses quasi-experimental research. This research design is a non-equivalent control group design. The population of this study was 180 students. The sample in this research consisted of 71 students. The sample selection in this study used a cluster random sampling technique. Data on students' critical reasoning abilities in mathematics lessons was collected using an essay test method which was then analyzed using the t-test. The results of data analysis obtained tcount= 9.87, while at a significance level of 5% and dk 69 it was obtained ttable= 1.995 so that tcount= 9.87 was greater than ttable= 1.995, so Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted, which means there were differences in the groups of students being studied. Through the Teaching at the Right Level Approach with groups of students who are not taught using the Teaching at the Right Level Approach in fourth grade elementary school students.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran SAVI (Somatic, Auditory, Visualization, Intellectualy) Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Trimulyo Kecamatan Tanjung Bintang Kabupaten Lampung Selatan

The relationship between the SAVI learning model (somatic, auditory, visualization, intellectualy) and scainse learning outcomes for fourth grade student at SD Negeri 2 Trimulyo, Tanjung Bintang District, South Lampung Selatan. This study aims to describe whether there is an influence of the SAVI learning model (somatic, auditory, visualization, intellectualy) and scainse learning outcomes for fourth grade student at SD Negeri 2 Trimulyo, Tanjung Bintang District, South Lampung Selatan. The survey results show that student learning outcomes are still low. This type of research is quantitave with pre-experimental in the form of one group pretest-posttest design. The population in this study were fourth grade students at SD Negeri 2 Trimulyo. The sampel for this study consisted of 24 students. Data collection techinques using tests, documentation, data analysis techniques, and by using the t-test. The results of the study are shown by the results of the t-test (paired sample t test) for the same sample with different treatment (pretest-posttest) with a tcount of 12,477 with a Sig (2-tailed) level of 0,000 < 0.05 which proves that there is an influence of the learning model SAVI (somatic, auditory, visualization, intellectualy) on learning outcomes.

The effect of intelligence games on primary school fourth grade students' problem solving skills

Bu çalışmada ilkokul dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri ile oynan zekâ oyunlarının problem çözme becerileri üzerinde etkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek üzere deneysel bir araştırma tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma, Balıkesir ili Kepsut ilçesinde 4. Sınıfta devam etmekte olan bir ilkokuldaki 40 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırma desenine dayalı olarak 20 öğrenci kontrol ve 20 öğrenci deney grubunu oluşturmuştur. Araştırma 8 haftalık bir süreci kapsamıştır. Bu süreçte deney grubunda bulunan öğrencilerle zekâ oyunları oynanmıştır. Kontrol grubundaki öğrenciler normal eğitim sürecine devam etmiş ve herhangi bir ilave çalışmaya katılmamışlardır. Araştırmada öğrencilerinin problem çözme becerilerini belirlemek amacıyla veri toplama aracı olarak Sezgin (2011) tarafından ilköğretim öğrencileri için geliştirilen “Problem Çözme Becerisi Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde parametrik koşullar sağlanamadığından gruplar arası karşılaştırmada Mann Whitney-U Testi ile analiz yapılmıştır. Grup içi karşılaştırmalarda ise Wilcoxon İşaret Testi ile analiz yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre; öntest puanları açısından kontrol ve deney grupları arasında manidar farklılık olmadığı ancak deneysel işlem sonrasında grupların sontest puanları arasında yapılan karşılaştırmada deney grubu öğrencileri lehine istatistiksel açıdan manidar farklılık olduğu gözlenmiştir. Grupların öntest-sontest puanlarına dayalı yapılan analizde kontrol grubu puanları arasında farklılık gözlenmemiştir. Deney grubunda ise öğrencilerin sontest puanlarının öntest puanlarına göre istatistiksel açıdan daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, öğrencilerin problem çözme becerilerinin gelişimi üzerinde zekâ oyunlarının anlamlı etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Picture and Picture Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA

This study aims to determine the results of science learning for fourth grade students at SD Negeri 29 Lubuklinggau after applying the Picture and Picture learning model. This research method uses an experimental method with a Pre-test and Post-test experimental design, the population is two classes so it uses random sampling where one class is taken randomly with a total of 24 students. The instrument used is in the form of a description of 8 questions. Data collection is taken by test technique. Data were analyzed using the "t" test formula. Based on the results of the hypothesis test, tcount = 4.4 and ttable t with degrees of freedom dk = n-1 = 24 – 1 = 23 and a = 5% obtained ttable 1.71, then tcount = 4.4 > ttable = 1.71 which means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. So it was concluded that the science learning outcomes of class IV SD Negeri 29 Lubuklinggau after applying the Picture And Picture learning model were significantly complete.
 
 Keywords: Picture And Picture Model, Learning Outcomes, Science, SD

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Solving pada Pembelajaran IPA Siswa Kelas IV SD

This study aims to determine the completeness of science learning outcomes after the problem solving model is applied to fourth grade students at SD Negeri 40 Lubuklinggau. This research method is quasi-experimental with the Pretest and Posttest Group research design. The population is all student classes consisting of one class with a sample of 25 students. The data collection technique used a multiple choice test with 20 questions, the data analysis technique obtained using the z test obtained zcount = 3.21 and ztable = 1.71 then Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. Based on the results of the research and discussion, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the Problem Solving learning model on the science learning outcomes of students at SD Negeri 40 Lubuklinggau
 
 Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Natural Science, and Problem Solving

E-Module about “Indahnya Keberagaman Di Negeri Ku” to Increase Student Interest to Pancasila and Civic Education Subject

This research aims to produce a Civics e-module with material on The Beauty of Diversity in My Country which can make it easier for fourth grade students to study at SD Negeri 100600 Sipogas. This research is a type of R&D research by adopting and modifying the development steps from Borg and Gall. The research instruments used were interview guidelines, questionnaires, observations and tests. The subjects in this research involved 3 lecturers as expert validators, 24 students as test subjects and a test of interest in learning. Research data analysis uses quantitative and qualitative data. The results of Pancasila and Civic Education e-module assessment The Beauty of Diversity in My Country from material experts got an average score of 4.17 with good criteria, language experts got a score of 93.75% with very decent criteria, design experts got an average score of 3.95 with good criteria, trial The initial field test got a percentage of 88.89% with the appropriate criteria, the field trial got a percentage of 97.23% with the appropriate criteria, the field test got a percentage of 95.58% with the appropriate criteria, and the pretest learning interest test got a mean score of 40.20. while the posttest interest in learning showed an average score of 74.79, so that students' interest in learning experienced an increase in the average score of 34.59. Overall, the results of the development of Pancasila and Civic Education e-module are said to be suitable as a learning medium. Apart from that, there is an increase in interest in learning after students use Pancasila and Civic Education e-module, showing that indicators of success of Pancasila and Civic Education e-module can make it easier for students to learn compared to just using teacher explanations and textbooks.

초등 사회과에서 향후 ‘교실 교과서’의 가능성 탐색 - 해럴드 러그의 사회 교과서에 담긴 시사점을 토대로 -

This study was conducted for the purpose of exploring the possibility of 'classroom textbooks' by teachers to overcome the limitations of existing nationwide social studies textbooks in elementary social studies education. To this end, we theoretically reviewed the characteristics of classroom textbooks and examined the characteristics of Harold Rugg's elementary social studies textbooks. Based on this, we identified the limitations of existing nationwide textbooks and devised the principle of developing 'classroom textbooks' by teachers suitable for elementary social studies education based on the implications obtained through analysis of Harold Rugg's social studies textbooks. The principles are as follows. First, the selection of alternative educational content considering the curriculum standards, second, integrated topic-oriented approach, third, the composition of reading materials by storytelling and step-by-step questions aimed at student inquiry, and fourth, textbook production and post-supplementation considering the characteristics of classroom students. Based on this principle, the researcher developed a 'classroom textbook' by teachers for some of the contents of the fourth grade of elementary school and used it for class, and confirmed the response of students and fellow teachers to the 'classroom textbook.' The possibility of 'classroom textbooks' by teachers in elementary social studies is as follows. First, 'classroom textbooks' by teachers provide the possibility of realizing social studies classes suitable for classroom students. Second, 'classroom textbooks' by teachers provide the possibility as a useful tool to realize alternative elementary social studies education led by teachers and students.

Efektifitas Media Video Pembelajaran terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Peserta Didik Kelas IV SD Islam Khaira Ummah Padang

This research was motivated by students' low understanding of concepts, especially in mathematics learning. One of the reasons for the low understanding of students is the lack of use of learning media in the learning process and educators not using alternative media such as learning video media. Learning video media is an alternative that can be used to attract students' attention to learning. The aim of the research is to determine the effectiveness of using learning video media on understanding mathematical concepts in fourth grade students at Khaira Ummah Islamic Elementary School, Padang. This type of research is quantitative with a quasi-experimental method. This research design is a static two group design. The population used was class IV of SD Islam Khaira Ummah Padang using purposive sampling techniques for sampling. The selected sample consisted of two classes, the experimental class and the control class. The data for this research are the scores for understanding mathematical concepts in fourth grade students at Khaira Ummah Padang Islamic Elementary School using and without using learning video media. The instrument of this research is a test. The analytical requirements tests carried out are the normality test and homogeneity test. The results of this research can be seen from the average score for understanding mathematical concepts without using learning video media for class IV Islamic Elementary School Khaira Ummah Padang, namely 78.70. The average score for understanding mathematical concepts using learning video media for class IV Islamic Elementary School Khaira Ummah Padang is 91.05. Based on the t-test, the results of this tcount are compared with ttable at degrees of freedom (dk) = (n-2) at the 95% significance level. Tcount > Ttable (5.5>1.71) then the hypothesis H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the understanding of mathematical concepts of fourth grade students at Islamic Elementary School Khaira Ummah Padang using video learning media is higher than without using video learning media.

Development of an e-Module Based on a Discovery Learning Model on Form and Function of Body Parts in Plants at Grade IV Elementary School Level

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of e-module development in the science learning process at the fourth grade elementary school level, especially in the material "Form and Function of Body Parts in Plants". This type of research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach which describes the research results into several stages, namely the analysis, design and development stages. From the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the use of E-modules in the learning process is very helpful in increasing the effectiveness of learning in order to achieve learning goals. Apart from that, the use of e-module media can also increase students' enthusiasm and interest in understanding learning.

Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV melalui Model Contextual Teaching And Learning Berbantuan E-Modul Berbasis Budaya Pati

This study aims to examine the increase in knowledge learning outcomes of fourth grade elementary school students using the CTL model assisted by Pati culture-based e-modules. This type of research is a quantitative experiment, pre-experimental research design, pretest-posttest design model. Non-test and test data collection techniques. The data analysis technique uses the initial data analysis in the form of a normality test, while the final data analysis is in the form of quantitative descriptive statistical analysis and hypothesis testing. Based on the results of testing the n-gain hypothesis, it is proven that there is an increase in knowledge learning outcomes with the starch-based e-module assisted CTL model of 0.55 medium criterion interpretation. So it was concluded in this study that there had been an increase in the knowledge learning outcomes of class IV students with the CTL model assisted by e-module based on starch culture.

The effect of skill exercises according to sensory modeling in learning some basic skills in futsal football for fourth grade middle school students

Abstract: 
 The importance of the research lies in the interest in modern methods that take into account the individual differences among the learners and in choosing the most appropriate curricula and exercises that lead to achieving the goals in the least effort and the shortest time. As for the research problem, it lies in the weakness of the basic skills in the game of futsal, and it was found that the educational curriculum followed is a curriculum that does not take into account the representative system of the learner who receives information or in choosing the representative system in the lesson plan. The aim of the research is to identify the impact of skill exercises according to sensory modeling in learning some basic skills in futsal. As the researcher used the experimental method, and the researcher followed the design of equal groups, while the research sample was from middle school students. The main experiment was carried out for the period from (3/3/2022 to 4/21/2022), and its duration was (7 weeks), with (2) two educational units per week. After completing the experiment, the researcher reached the most important conclusions that the skillful exercises used were effective in improving the skill aspect. As for the most important recommendations, it was the need to introduce teachers to the preference of sensory modeling for students, and to develop educational curricula according to the degrees of representative systems for them.