Form Of Metaphor Research Articles

Metaphor of a House/Home as the Way to Represent a National Symbol of Earth in Russian Linguistic Culture

Considering symbols of culture makes it possible to see the world around us as our ancestors did it. This world is recorded in persistent cognitive models anchored in native speakers’ language consciousness. One of these models is a stereotypical metaphorical image of «Earth – house/home». The house / home is a well-known mythologem that is fundamental in the cultures of almost all peoples living on Earth. According to the study, the mythologema Earth – house in Russian linguistic culture is a fragment in the structure of the macroconcept «Earth». The analysed mythologem is embodied in the language in the form of house metaphors implementing the subject code in Russian linguistic culture. Several clusters can be distinguished among them. The first cluster comprises metaphors forming cognitive signs of parts in the house (a «roof», «walls», «corners», a «ceiling», a «key»). The second one includes metaphors forming signs of domestic utensils (a «pot», a «table», a
 «blanket»). The third one is represented by tenants of the house (a «father», a «mother», a «person»). The fourth cluster includes cognitive signs of the house shape
 (a «circle» – a tent, a «square» – a symbol of the Russian five-walled house). The fifth cluster is characterized by the signs of Russian traditions (hospitality). The sixth one is formed by the signs of living at home-land and leaving it. The material for study is taken from the Russian National Corpus (www.ruscorpora.ru). The main methods of research are descriptive and conceptual.

Konstruksi Makna Wahyu pada Channel Youtube MTA Internasional Berdasarkan Analisis Framing Robert N. Entman

Ahmadiyya introduces his teachings and communicates with fellow organization members through the media, one of which is the Muslim Television of Ahmadiyya (MTA). MTA tries to frame an information so that it creates the meaning desired by this organization. The purpose of this study is to know the meaning construction of revelations broadcast on the talk show program on the MTA with the Framing approach, and to know the framing of the Essence of Islamic Teaching talk show broadcast on the MTA International channel with Gamson and Mondigliani framing analysis. The result of the research is that MTA positions Wahyu as a means of connecting God and his servant. Regarding this, the door is believed to be still open and will never be closed. Because from the aspects conveyed by the media, all of them indicate that revelation will continue to exist at various levels. MTA with its program has proven that there is a construction of the meaning of revelations broadcast in the talk show of the Essence of Islamic Teachings in the form of: Define Problems, Diagnose Causes, Make Moral Judgment, Treatment Recommendations and in the form of Metaphors, Catchphrases, Depiction, Exemplar, Visual Images, Roots, Appeal to Principles, Consequences.

ЧЕГО ХОТЯТ КАРТИНКИ СНОВИДЕНИЯ?

Dreaming is a part of every person’s mental life. Some prefer to deny the significance of dreams, not regarding them as an essential part of life events, while others give them great importance, interpret them, decipher them, among them are psychologists, psychoanalysts and their clients. Dreaming is thinking with pictures. Dreaming is also thinking, but not in the same way as speech and thinking. The dream somehow sees the real thing. The question of how we watch with the help of videos, advertisements, movies and dreams is not completely clear. We assume that the strategy of the view moves from the overview of the whole to the fragmentation of things, events, persons, and so on. Fragments arise in the place of the whole, overlapping each other and multiplied in the form of metonymy, metaphor, symbols. A dream also consists of parts, fragments, elements, often an unimaginable pile of garbage that fit together not at all according to the laws of logic and reason, but according to the laws of symbolism. Fragments of the imaginary in a dream form such bizarre pictures that the consciousness does not recognize itself in its own products presented to it in another package – in the form of visual images. The economy of thinking with which we deal in dreams, as well as in reservations, typos, etc. puts the consciousness in a dead end. Dream interpretation is a complex process of stitching, akin to solving a puzzle. The main question is how to find the nodal point of the dream, because that is where the meaning of the message is hidden. Our hypothesis is that the key of the dream is contained in the place where dream pictures acquire the most bizarre character, where the re is a condensation of meaning in the form of metonymy and metaphor

Психологический структурализм: версия Жака Лакана

The most significant version of structuralism in psychoanalysis belongs to Jacques Lacan. Based on the processing of Sigmund Freud's legacy, he created an original theory of psychoanalysis and the unconscious, unfolding this topic in the space of linguistics. Using the methods of displacement and condensation in establishing the meaning of allegory, which as a rule has a purely poetic form of metaphor, metonymy, Lacan comes to the conclusion about the exceptional significance not only of language, but also of letters, on the basis of the spontaneous change of which manifestations of the true meaning of what is said oc-cur, but also asserts the exceptional significance of discourse, as some ontological given, to come out for which the individual is not given.

Colonial Metaphor, Colonial Metaphysics: On the Poetic Pairing of Blackness and Indianness

This essay performs an anticolonial and poetic methodology of combining Black and Native feminists' deconstruction of metaphor and metaphysics in order to argue for the centrality of colonial metaphor to colonial metaphysics. I combine their analyses of the separate gendered metaphors of Blackness and Indianness and the centrality of these metaphors to the development of a global metaphysics as well as the transference of the terms of metaphysics to whiteness. I then apply this method of combined terms and readings to white colonial writing that compares Black and Native America, which transforms both communities not only into individually potent, gendered metaphors but into an essential poetic pairing, a poetic couplet. Drawing on the work of Black and Native feminists, I further argue that when we take this paired model to evaluate the political concerns of Black and Native America, we come to a more complete and global understanding and refutation of whiteness. The creation, connection, and comparison of the gendered metaphors and archetypical figures of the "African Slave" and "Indian Savage" are important to each other and to the creation of a Western conception of the globe. Colonialism uses gender to compound metaphor's ability to create, by combining metaphors of gender with metaphors of race and colonialism to develop new symbolic amalgamations. This gestalt of metaphors comes together in order to create a fictive European metaphysics used to ameliorate white fears of the diversity of life on planet Earth and to satisfy white desires to control it. In this coupled metaphoric form, Blackness and Indianness are not connected by analogy but by the open-ended cut, the caesura, of poetry and the violence of slavery and conquest. I offer this anticolonial and poetic pairing as a model for political imagining between Black and Native theory.

Metafora Konseptual Dalam Cerita Pendek Berbahasa Inggris Di Platform The Short Story: Kajian Semantik Kognitif

This research intends to clarify the forms of metaphors, conceptual meaning, and image scheme that appear in the five English short stories named The Short Story online platform by applying cognitive semantics. This is a descriptive qualitative research. The whole result of this research is illustrated by words. The theory used in analyzing the metaphors is from Saeed (2009). Besides, the theory for investigating the scheme is from Cruse and Croft (2004). The result of this research is 12 metaphors that have been classified based on their categories. First, five data of conventional metaphors with conceptual meaning such as life choice, darkness, noise, nervousness, and old. Second, four data of systematic metaphors with conceptual meaning such as fearness, compulsion, fire, and waving. Third, two data of asymmetric metaphors with conceptual meaning such as preparation and persistence. The last, one data of abstraction metaphor with conceptual meaning that is hard working. Those data have 4 image schemes, such as force (restraint, compulsion, and counterforce), existence (space, process, object), identity (matching), and unity/multiplicity (merging).

METAFORA KONSEPTUAL DALAM LIRIK LAGU BERTEMA PANDEMI CORONA KARYA MUSISI INDONESIA: KAJIAN SEMANTIK KOGNITIF

ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the use of conceptual metaphors in song lyrics. Similar to poetry, the use of language in song lyrics often brings up metaphors or other language styles with specific purposes and different backgrounds. Based on this, this study discusses the use of Lakoff and Johnson's version of the metaphor in the lyrics of songs with the theme of the corona pandemic by Indonesian musicians. Data retrieval using the technique of listening, notes and documentation. The data that has been collected is then analyzed using Lakoff and Johnson's conceptual metaphor theory. From the results of the analysis, the researchers found 31 forms of metaphor based on the classification of conceptual metaphor types proposed by Lakoff and Johnson consisting of 15 data containing structural metaphors (structural metaphors), 4 data containing orientational metaphors, 9 data containing ontological metaphors and 3 data containing the conduit metaphor. The purpose of using the metaphor which describes the negative point of view of Indonesian musicians in seeing the corona virus outbreak is stated in the lyrics of the song with the hope that the song aims to warn the wider community to always be careful and obey health protocols because the corona virus is very dangerous.

Interior Computer Graphic in Seating Facility Design with Concept Metaphor of Creativity Process with Narrative Approach

This study describes how the application of interior computer graphics can explain the concept of metaphor seating facility design with the narrative approach method based on the aspects of strength, beauty, and function compared to the narrative approach method based on the narrative only. The research is based on the results of UNIKOM students' work in the furniture class in 2021. The problem of this research is how to use interior graphic applications in explaining the work stages of students using the narrative approach method to create seating facility forms through the concept of metaphor and the factors of interior computer applications which can translate and convey the message of the narrative. This research uses a participatory method. Several student works became the object of research. The stages in the design process are making narratives with basic design ideas, elaborating narratives, translating narrative elements on design stools in metaphorical forms, working drawings and prototype designs, using the SketchUp application, and Auto Cad. The results of the study indicate that the use of interior computer graphics makes it easier to convey messages from three aspects of seating facility design, namely beauty, strength, and function as well as messages from methods that only use narrative. However, if the ability to use the interior graphic application is limited, the delivery of messages will be hampered

MAKNA GURU DALAM TRADISI ISLAM SASAK: REPRESENTASI LOMBOK DALAM NOVEL SANGGARGURI

This article discusses the meaning of Lombok in contemporary Indonesian novels with a focus on the novel Sanggarguri. The novel discusses the concept of heterodox teachers in Islam. The novel is presented in the context of opposing orthodox Islamic discourse on the concept of ‘guru’. To discover the concept of ‘guru’ in Sanggarguri, this article applies representation theory with a constructionist approach. With that approach, the novel is assumed not to be a presentation about Lombok, but a representation of Lombok. Data were language, both word and paragraph, both in narrative and metaphorical form. Data analysis was performed using semiotic and discourse methods. The results of the analysis show that the novel Sanggarguri conceptualizes Lombok into a traditional discourse by using the names of flowers (kembang) as stages that exist in Sasak Islamic spirituality. The stages from gadung flower to ‘Sanggar Guri teacher’, a wisdom expert teacher, reveal that the concept of a teacher in heterodox Sasak Islam is open to anyone. It belongs to anyone and anywhere. The concept is different from the concept of ‘guru’ in orthodox Islam promoted by ‘tuan guru’, whose knowledge is connected to Haramain. Therefore, only a few people can become ‘tuan guru’. The discourse of ‘guru’ in Sanggarguri is against the discourse of ‘tuan guru’ on the meaning of ‘guru’.

Visualizing Metaphor: Teaching Metaphor to Conceptualize Personal Experiences

Language power lies behind the iconicity of metaphor, which evokes sensory perceptions and integrates them into meaningful constellations selectively. This selective process makes it possible to conceptualize experiences and also to link new and prior experiences. Thus, the power of metaphor calls for great attention from teachers to focus on figurative language when teaching English language learners so that they achieve the uppermost goal of teaching the target language. This study aims at investigating forms of metaphor, specifically visual ones, and how to teach them in order to help students discover the connection between those constructions and the way of communicating the intended meaning.

FLORISTIC METAPHORS IN LATIN AND ENGLISH PHARMACEUTICAL TERMINOLOGY

The article highlights metaphorization of floristic vocabulary in Latin and English pharmaceutical terminology. Nominations of plants are considered to be motivated semantically: the inner form of metaphors proves explicit or implicit one. There are used the cognitive method (works by Y. Stepanov (Stepanov, 2001), V. Telia (Telia, 1988), A. Wierzhbicka (Wierzhbicka, 1969) and method of metaphor (works by N. Arutyunova (Arutyunova, 1990), G. Lakoff and M. Johnson (Lakoff et al., 1980), V. Telia (Telia, 1988) for the research. The article focuses on primary floristic nominations and secondary ones based on associative peculiarities. The comparative method enables to examine the specificity of floristic metaphors in Latin and English. The research has found motivation of metaphoric nomination in English and Latin medical terminology. In addition, there have been found similar and peculiar features in nominations of plants, flowers, bushes, trees in English and Latin of medicine. The process of methaphorization is inherent for majority of Latin and English pharmaceutical phytonyms. It leads to the conclusion that metaphorization proves considerable process for comprehension of specificity of different national linguistic view of the world.

About the role of metaphors and ıdıoms ın the formatıon of azerbaıjanı aphorısms

In this article, we touched upon the problem of using metaphors and idioms in Azerbaijani aphorisms, and tried to study their essence and essence. Both metaphors and idioms occupy one of the most important places in the formation and development of Azerbaijani aphorisms. In conducting the research, we tried to analyze the facts, such as the current state of our national aphorisms and their characteristics. Research shows that metaphors, as well as idioms, have a wide range of possibilities in language. The author of the article shows that metaphors, their different types and idioms play an important role in the formation of emotion in speech, including aphorisms. Metaphors and idioms also have a special place in the formation of figurative vocabulary. Different forms of metaphors and idioms are widely used in aphorisms. According to these facts, a number of aphorisms have been studied in the article. During the research, the author obtained a number of interesting scientific results.

A Hermeneutic Analysis of Proverbs in Amālī by al-Sayyid al-Murtada

The interpreter, in a hermeneutic perspective, plays an active role in explaining significations of a text and expressing their meanings according to a specific reading, understanding the text and making it understood, and being affected by it or affecting it. The text is analyzed regardless of the speaker/writer and their intentions and given a new meaning with the aim of expressing various implications and readings. Reflecting human lifestyles, modes of thinking, and interpretive modes in different periods and areas of life, proverbs are one of the deep-rooted literary forms and inseparable part of cultures, depicting habits, customs, and beliefs of nations. Studying proverbs can help us understand similarities and differences between cultures. For this reason, scholars have deployed proverbs in their writings to explain their ideas and make themselves understood. Using a descriptive method of content analysis and an author-centered literary hermeneutic approach, the present article strives to answer the important question as to whether or not the meaning of proverbs changes over time. It was concluded that proverbs are uninterpretable texts only aimed at conveying a meaning, concept, or knowledge in the form of simile, metaphor, or irony. Following a way similar to his predecessors’, the author of Amālī used proverbs to explicate a difficult word or phrase in a narrative, a report, or a couplet. The present study used the list of proverbs from Amālī al-Sharif al-Murtada researched by Muhammad Abolfazl Ebrahim and (re)published by Zavel-Ghorba Publication in 1431 A.H. / 1388 S.H.

Ungkapan metafora pada teks iklan di situs daring sebagai bahan ajar pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMP

This study has the following objectives: (1) Determine the form of metaphors in ad text on the blibli.com online site, (2) Describe the meaning contained in the metaphorical expressions in the ad text on the blibli.com online site, and (3) Explain the use of the expression metaphor as teaching material for learning Indonesian in junior high school. This type of research is qualitative research and uses qualitative descriptive methods. The data source in this study is the ad text discourse contained on the blibli.com online site. Data collection techniques using listening techniques and note taking techniques. Data analysis using the method of distribution with the type of technique for the Direct Element (BUL) and the equivalent method with a referential type. The results of this study (1) metaphorical expressions are analyzed based on shapes, which are grouped into classes of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences, (2) metaphorical expressions are analyzed based on meanings according to metaphorical forms, namely anthropomorphic metaphors, animal metaphors, concrete to abstract metaphors, and synesthesia metaphors. The tendency of metaphors that often appear in ad text on blibli.com online sites is anthropomorphic metaphors and concrete to abstract metaphors, (3) the use of metaphorical expressions in ad text on blibli.com online sites as teaching materials for learning Indonesian in junior high school.

‘Welcome to the Business of Living’, a Translation of Lexical Metaphor on a Company Website: A Case of Emirates Airline

Lexical metaphor functions as a rhetorical device that embellishes the texts with figurative meanings. In non-literary texts such as commercial texts on company websites, lexical metaphor can help to promote the company image and sales. It is vital in the service sector such as the airline industry where the competition is sky-high. This paper attempts to identify the lexical metaphor appearing on the English and Thai websites of Emirates Airline following Dickins’ (2005) classification of lexicalized and non-lexicalised metaphors. The study also explores how the lexical metaphors are rendered into Thai by means of literal translation and adaptation. It is found that more lexicalised metaphors are identified in comparison with the non-lexicalised type. As for the types of translation, literal translation plays more part in retaining while adaptation tends to remove the original metaphorical form and meaning in the translated version.

THE VERBAL SIGNIFIERS IN ARABIC LANGUAGE-A STUDY IN THE IDEATIONAL COMPONENT AND THE INTERPERSONAL COMPONENT-

Our familiarity with our teaching of Arabic grammar detect the state of phobia that infect the majority of students when they are studied the Arabic grammar (El-nahoo), but, when I analyzed this phenomenon as a teacher and - before - studying this science, I noticed that the beginner Arabic language learner may focus on the grammatical or morphological base independently of its linguistic and current context; as if His classical Arabic is other than the language used with its many names. From a dialect, to a daily language, etc, and it is in fact only one aspect of its development, and the strange thing is that the name of the language (Arabic) indicates "' Clarity' that may not be achieved with the same accuracy in other languages, and it is a miracle of rhetoric. The expression of the souls and their phenomena in this language may be in words with real connotations, and it is predominant in the language to achieve communication, and the meanings may arrive in a metaphorical form; some words deviate from the origin of their connotations using the linguistic and current contexts, and therefore it is clear that our understanding of language is not based on single words. Rather, by referring to the sentence or text in many times to determine the grammatical function of these words, and that is what has been suggested in this research to trace the actual functions based on the intellectual and reciprocal components, which are among the foundations of linguistic communication in all languages, including the Arabic language that is the subject of study. On the descriptive comparative approach in defining these functions, in order to be able to compare them with their interviews in French and English; To set the term and its origins first, and secondly to facilitate the translation of these verbs between the three languages.

Ways and Challenges of Product Labelling for the Visually Impaired

The conceptualizing process plays an important role in assisting designers’ creativity in form and styling development. It contributes to representing the cultural elements before product transformation, which has a limited investigation. This research aims to identify the metaphorical form element that conveys the brain impaired as factors of selection and defining form development of the humanoid robot embodiment. Design Protocol Analysis obtains to into design linguistic interpretations and synthesizing design based on perceptual product experience. Findings have outlined the theory of metaphorical form element selection and identification that could represent brain impaired product in assisting humanoid robotic acceptance among autism. Keywords: braille; visually impaired; tactile; labelling tool. eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI5.2933

Cognitive Ergonomics of Formgiving as Unstructured Approaches in Furniture Design Practice

This paper discusses how designers formulate ideas through unstructured approaches in furniture design. The problem arose from a logical analysis of the strategies, methods, and hermeneutics in designing within the state-of-the-art interpretation principle. The goal is to understand how designers interpret the visual concept of subjectivity. In the designers’ cognitive ergonomics, verbal protocol analysis approaches methodologically analyzed. The 15-minute memorizing-based videotapes observe the designer reflection using several form properties, namely a characteristic of the uncertain objects has practiced. The findings showed the embodiment of metaphorical forms for designers to visualize unstructured visual forms as significant tangible forms. Keywords: Cognitive ergonomics; formgiving; furniture design; visual protocol eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI5.2927

ARABIC VOCABULARY IN THE HEALTH REGISTER DURING THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC ERA: MORPHO-SEMANTIC ANALYSIS

This research was motivated by the emergence of a virus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-cOv-2) or also called Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) which has been the cause of the global pandemic. It is obvious that science will continue to evolve as there are problems existing in this world. New terms or vocabulary in health sciences has begun to emerge along with the presence of this virus, either in control of the virus or in the prevention of the virus. This study discusses the Arabic vocabulary in the health register that has emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of morphology and semantics. This analysis uses the qualitative descriptive method. The main purpose of this study is to expose to the readers on the forms and meanings in the health register of Arabic vocabulary that has emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data obtained in this study are outlined from the almasdar online newspaper from Yemen and assisted with an Arabic dictionary. The results obtained from this study from the morphological aspect found that Arabic vocabulary in the health register that has appeared during the COVID-19 pandemic has some in the form of Arabization, derivation, pluralization, words blending, and hybrid. From the semantic aspect, it was found that the Arabic vocabulary in the health register that has appeared during the COVID-19 pandemic was in the form of metaphors, translations, and shifts of meaning. When viewed from meaning relations, there are relationships of synonym, antonym, and idiom meanings.KEYWORDS: Vocabulary, Morphology, Semantics, Health, COVID-19INTRODUCTION

The Romance of Rosululloh SAW. and Aisyah R.A. in Sayyidah Aisyah Istri Rasulullah Song Lyrics: Cognitive Linguistic Perspective

In the beginning of April 2020 Aisyah Istri Rasulullah song which is a song from Malaysia became one of the videos that dominated trending lists on YouTube. More than 20 video covers of the song Aisyah Istri Rasulullah have controlled the YouTube page. This study aims to describe the metaphorical forms contained in the lyrics of the song Sayyidah Aisyah Istri Rasulullah by using cognitive semantics approach. This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The research data are the lyrics of the song Sayyidah Aisyah Istri Rasulullah that are analyzed using a content analysis technique. The results show that the metaphors found in the lyrics of the song Sayyidah Aisyah Istri Rasulullah could be classified into three types, structural metaphor, orientational metaphor, and ontological metaphor. The applying of metaphors indicates several concepts of imagery scheme, such as identity (matching), circumstance (existence) of object, imagery space in of up-down, state of form in form, the existence bounded space for limited space. The use of metaphors in Sayyidah Aisyah Istri Rasulullah song lyrics aims to convey the contents with sorted words that are easy to understand. Since many people feel that they do not know several hadits about the romance of the romantic story of Rasulullah SAW with Aisyah RA, this song comes as the essence of several hadits that can provide knowledge to the audiences in a practical and concrete way