Forms Of State Support Research Articles

The Use of Content-Marketing in Complex Development of Non-Urbanized Territories in Russia

The article deals with practical aspects of using content-marketing to improve social and economic appeal and complex development of non-urbanized territories in Russia. The author showed that the process of business climate development on territories with low population density is a whole complex of measures. In practice they are connected with target positioning of each region and spot lighting of its concrete benefits for potential partners and economically active people, who would like to swap their megalopolis for more placid life and realize themselves beyond big cities. It was shown that content-marketing can serve as a universal tool for resolving problems of regional development in Russia. It is based on approaches of step-by-step bringing the target audience to decisionmaking about buying goods, services or taking part in an investment project. In case of Russian regions it means a decision to invest in the region, set up highly-technological enterprises or business connected with agriculture. At the same time entrepreneurs could get an additional incentive for realizing their ideas in the form of state support with a broad range of tax privileges and subsidies and as maximum – availability of a preferential zone in the region, where state is interested in creating jobs and intensive development of a concrete territory. It was underlined that in Russia preferential zones are mainly arranged on non-urbanized territories far from big cities and agglomerations. The article provided examples of content-marketing functioning in promotion of existing highlytechnological enterprises and business-projects being developed now in every region of the country. The use of successful experience in developing regions was studied also on less successful territories, which require operative alterations in their positioning. A conclusion was drawn that high-quality positioning of the region is a secure investment in its development and a universal tool for sustainable development of non-urbanized territories in Russia.

ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUPPORT FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES

The article assesses the effectiveness of state support policies for small businesses in conditions of federal budget deficit in the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is a methodology to assess the effectiveness of supporting small and medium-sized businesses. The purpose of the study is to develop a system to evaluate the effectiveness of state support for SMEs. The objectives of the study: to analyze the approaches to assess the effectiveness in Russia at large and abroad, to assess the effectiveness of state support measures for SMEs in Russia and abroad, to propose their own options for assessing the effectiveness of support measures, to present the practical application of the proposed methods. Research methodology: methods of system analysis, generalization, systematization, methods of statistical, dynamic, structural and comparative analysis. Research results: the article develops a system to evaluate the effectiveness of state support for small businesses, which includes several main indicators for evaluating the effectiveness (survival rate of recipients of state support by year; dynamics of average income; dynamics of the average number of employed; dynamics of the average amount of taxes paid by SMEs), as well as an algorithm to conduct an assessment based on a comparison of selected indicators for a group of SMEs that received support with indicators of small and medium-sized enterprises that were not participants in the relevant government programs. Using the proposed assessment system based on the statistical data of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation, an analysis of the effectiveness of state support measures for SMEs in general and in the context of individual forms of support in the period 2019- 2022 was carried out. Based on the significant deviation of the selected indicators of SME recipients of support from the average values in the whole SME sector (and/or in relation to SMEs that did not receive support), a conclusion is made about the high efficiency of state support for SMEs. It is also established that the impact of various forms of state support on the functioning of SMEs is different.

Strategic directions of state support of agriculture in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Agriculture in the context of geopolitical challenges faced by the economies of many countries, including Kazakhstan, needs state support. The state implements a number of measures aimed at regulating the development of agriculture, information centers are opened, grants and subsidies are allocated to support beginning farmers. However, new conditions require not only financial and economic measures, but also the revision of existing theoretical and methodological mechanisms for the implementation of state aid both at the national and regional levels. The article studies the mechanisms of agricultural support through the application of both direct and indirect methods of economic impact of the state. The state support of agriculture covers various directions and the results of the study may be interesting for representatives of both republican and regional levels of government, whose activities are related to the allocation of funds in the form of state support. The need for state support of agriculture is objective, and this objectivity lies in the economic nature of the difference between the position of the agricultural producer and the position of all other market participants, because due to objective reasons agriculture in the free market is not competitive in comparison with other sectors of the economy.

Pottery in Telangana: Empirical Evidence of Current and Future Challenges

This article presents and discusses empirical evidence of the socio-economic status of the Kummari potter community in Telangana to highlight the continued primacy of the traditional caste-based occupation as a livelihood option for many Kummari households. Taking a holistic perspective, the research documents the current challenges faced by the community, covering the entire cycle of pottery-making, including input sourcing, production, adoption of new technology and marketing. The article also identifies core policy interventions that need urgent attention in the form of state support, complemented with collectivisation, technology diffusion and capacity-building of the artisans.

Meningkatkan Keaktifan Belajar Siswa Melalui Model PBL Berbantuan Video Pada Materi Aku Pribadi Yang Unik Fase E di SMA Katolik Santo Fransiskus Assisi Samarinda

Education is basically the main and first responsibility of parents. However, the state also has an obligation to facilitate faith education to be carried out well. One form of state support is by providing formal Catholic religious education and character education. And in the development of the world of education, curriculum changes have occurred in response to developments currently being used in the Merdeka curriculum. In the Merdeka curriculum, the values ​​of Pancasila will be emphasized. The school has implemented the Merdeka curriculum and in its implementation researchers observed and found several learning problems which also affected student learning outcomes. The main problem that must be resolved immediately is the problem of inactive student learning activity. This was also experienced by other educators, also based on several interviews and research journals. The low level of student learning activity can be overcome through a scientific approach. One of the studies Scientific research that is suitable to be applied to problems in the classroom is classroom action research. Expected through classroom action research, the problem of low student activity can be overcome and student learning achievement can increase. Classroom action research which is conducted using the Problem base learning model. This model considered suitable for overcoming student learning problems because can meet the criteria achievement Lesson objectives. The aim of this research is to determine the extent to which students are active in learning by applying the problem based learning method in increasing student activity in learning Catholic Religion for class X at SMAK Santo Fransiskus Assisi Samarinda odd semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. This research is classroom action research which consists of two cycles, the first cycle on 26 October 2023, the second cycle carried out on 06 November. The methods used in this classroom action research are problem based learning, data collection through observation, and written tests. Active learning about Catholic religious education with the material I Am a Unique Personality. There was an increase in student learning activity from cycle I, cycle II. The data on increasing student learning activities is that in cycle I the average percentage of activity scores for all students reached 72.3%, cycle II increased to 82.6%. By increasing the results of student learning activity per individual and per indicator, it has an effect on increasing student learning outcomes, namely cycle 50%, cycle II saw an increase in students who completed their studies by 80%. The results of the research show that the problem based learning method can increase student learning activeness in Catholic religious education with the Unique Personal Me material for class 10.5 students at SMAK St. Fransiskus Assisi Samarinda odd semester 2023/2024 academic year.

Development strategy of state economic policy in the field of innovation-oriented production business infrastructure

The article examines issues related to the state's activities in the field of innovation-oriented infrastructure development policy. In the field of innovative entrepreneurship, issues related to various forms of financing innovative projects, such forms of state support as legal, informational, political and other types of assistance are considered. The application of an institutional approach to creating a mechanism for managing structural changes in socio-economic systems in order to increase their resilience in the face of large-scale security challenges is also explored. The main component of such stress-resistance is the ability to create and implement innovations, the formation of innovation-oriented systems. Trends in structural changes in the economy of Ukraine, which have arisen under the influence of war, have been identified, and problems that could threaten resilience to security challenges have been highlighted. The need to transition to an innovation-oriented economy to restore the country's competitiveness in the post-war period is highlighted. In the short-term perspective, the state's strategic priority is the transition from a reproductive to an innovative type of development, which is accompanied by a change in the factors of economic growth and recognition of the ability of economic agents to quickly generate new ideas and their commercialization as the main determinant of business processes. At the same time, the need for effective institutional support to stimulate market participants to innovate has been proven. An institutional mechanism for managing the innovative development of socio-economic systems with the allocation of legislative and organizational support at various structural levels in order to realize the defined goals is proposed. The article analyzes the characteristic features of the innovation-oriented economy and establishes the influence of the state on its formation. The level of innovativeness of the Ukrainian economy was studied and compared with similar indicators of other countries of the world. A number of measures have been proposed to restructure the domestic economy with the aim of transforming it from a raw material-mining model of development to an innovation-oriented economy.

Территориальные аспекты управления минерально-сырьевыми центрами в новых геостратегических условиях экономического роста

The article examines mineral resource centers as an object of territorial management in the new geostrategic reality, which puts forward new tasks and imposes special requirements and approaches to their development and forms of state support, the formation of organizational models and forms of functioning, offers directions and specific recommendations for organizational support for the creation and successful development of both existing and newly created MRCs based on strengthening coordination interregional ties, inclusion in the MSC’s management process the representatives of all interest groups related to their development.

HUNGARIANS IN VOJVODINA: IDENTITY IN THE FOCUS OF DEMOGRAPHY, POLITICS AND CULTURE

The object of the author's study is Hungarians in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina of the Republic of Serbia at the present stage of history. The aim of the article is to identify the qualitative parameters of the maintenance and development of the identity of this ethnic group in the conditions of living outside the "parent" state. The study focuses on several thematic blocks as important indicators of the functioning of ethnicity in this sector of the population. It provides a demographic portrait of Vojvodina Hungarians, highlights legislative guarantees of ethnic minority rights and other forms of state support in the country of residence, and provides information on the social and political activity, as well as cultural, educational and awareness-raising activities of Hungarians in Serbia, primarily in Vojvodina. Particular attention is paid to the peculiarities of the autonomous structure of the province. The socio-anthropological analytical approach to the analysis of empirical material allows one to reach the level of theoretical generalization, to identify the role of state borders as a factor of influence not only on the civil identity, but also on the formation of cultural and everyday features of diaspora groups as a result of constant contacts with ethnically foreign neighbors. The author provides evidence of the high level of development of Serbia's legal framework in terms of maintaining cultural diversity in the country, creating a wide range of social and domestic conditions necessary to maintain and develop ethnic identity among national minorities, including Hungarians. At the same time, the data from the censuses of various years in Serbia show a gradual decrease in the number of Hungarians in recent decades. The negative trend is explained by their low fertility, as well as by the migratory mobility of the inhabitants of Vojvodina, for economic and other reasons, which are often not directly related to identity issues. Moreover, Hungarian identity becomes an additional resource in the choice of the most promising life strategies of the younger generation.

ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF STATE SUPPORT MEASURES ON THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF ENTERPRISES

The article presents the results of assessing the impact of state support measures on the financial stability of enterprises. The object of the analysis was LLC "Manufactory "Traditions of Knitwear" (Cheboksary). Various methods were used in the course of the study: correlation and regression analysis, comparison, systematic approach, graphical method. The main problem of the enterprise caused by the COVID-19 pandemic was the stagnation of sales, overstocking, and an increase in the duration of the financial cycle, which significantly reduced the cash flows of the enterprise and led to its financial instability. However, the negative impact of the pandemic has been mitigated by government support measures. To assess the impact of these measures on the financial stability of the enterprise, a model was developed for the dependence of revenue as the indicator most sensitive to changes in the macroeconomic environment on the value of short-term loans and the average number of employees. It showed that the attraction of loans within the framework of state support allowed LLC "Manufactory "Traditions of Knitwear" to increase revenue by 40086.86 thousand rubles. The retention of more than 80% of the number of employees, which was stipulated by the loan agreement, provided the company with the opportunity to contain the decline in revenue at the level of 1413.03 thousand rubles. As recommendations for the further use of state support measures for small businesses, there is regular monitoring of official information resources on the assistance provided to enterprises in the context of a pandemic, monitoring compliance with the requirements for recipient enterprises and the use of other forms of state support.

Креативные индустрии: пределы правового воздействия

The article analyzes the legal acts regulating relations in creative industries, assesses the prospects for the development of legislation in the field of creative entrepreneurship, forms of state support and the limits of legal intervention in creative and entrepreneurial activities. Creation of a unified block of legal norms provided for by the Concept of Development of Creative (Arts) Industries and mechanisms for their state support in the large and the largest urban agglomerations until 2030, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation on 09.20.2021 no. 2613-r, faces several problems: alternative versions in the legal definitions of existing regulations, the constitutional classification of power competence (intellectual property rights and entrepreneurial activity are regulated exclusively by federal legislation, while general cultural issues are assigned to the joint jurisdiction of the Federation and regions, while some aspects essential for creative industries are within the competence of municipal bodies), the present system of state support for certain areas, concerning creative industries (cinematography, mass media, etc.). The article also substantiates the need for a combination of legal influence methods to achieve the goals stated in the strategic documents.

The role and perception of biogas in the energy transformation in Slovakia

The energy transformation of EU countries brings challenges in the field of energy policies and forms of state support. Moreover, the introduction of new technologies and the production of energy from renewable sources often face resistance and negative attitudes from the population. Slovakia is a country, which, in addition to decarbonisation, needs to diversify resources and reduce energy dependence on Russia. Especially after the Russian attack on Ukraine in 2022. One of the forms of energy production that has experienced rapid growth is anaerobic digestion in agricultural biogas plants. In the example of Slovakia, this study evaluates the impact of European and national energy policies on changes in the energy mix and the development of energy production from biogas. Subsequently, in the form of guided interviews with biogas plant managers and mayors, and a questionnaire survey in the affected municipalities, it identifies the perception of biogas plants and identifies the factors that shape it. The results show that after the optimization of national energy policies and forms of subsidies, the rapid development of energy production from biogas has slowed down. However, the lessons learned from the case studies offer important insights on how to eliminate the resistance of the local population to the operation of a biogas plant and the overall negative attitudes towards this form of energy production. All the surveyed communities sensitively perceive the negative effects of the biogas plants operation. However, in communities that share the benefits from the plant´s operation (taxes, sponsorship, good image, established economic activities, and new jobs), the plant acceptance is much better. Technology as such, as well as the idea of building additional biogas plants, have much better support in these communities. URL: https://www.gcass.science.upjs.sk/

SOCIAL SUPPORT OF A FAMILY-TYPE ORPHANAGE

The article reveals the social support of a family-type orphanage, which is a type of social work that involves the implementation of centers of social services for young people in the system of long-term care through the provision of comprehensive social services by social workers involved, if necessary, professionals, parents -teachers in order to protect and realize the rights of children who are in their upbringing. The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of social support of a family-type orphanage. Research methods apllied: generalization, concretization, synthesis, theoretical analysis of sources. The author describes the content of stages of development of a family-type orphanage and features of interaction between a social worker and a family and a social institution of a family-type orphanage, which are to help the client understand his real problems and distinguish them from problems created by him; help to make a decision on this problem and address the person to a specialist to solve the problem by appropriate methods. This allows to formulate the tasks of a social worker of the center of social services for youth and to identify problems of social support of the family − the team, rehabilitation, socio-therapeutic, which specifies the content of their activities, consisting of a list of services (advisory, informational, socio-pedagogical, psychological, socio-economic, legal, socio-medical). In our opinion, such work contributes to the restoration of the family’s independence in solving its problems through learning to solve and prevent these problems, reduce the impact of the problem on family life, prevent its crisis and disintegration, eliminate the consumer approach to society and creating conditions for normal family life. The results of the study are a substantiation of the content, tasks and main functions of social support of family-type orphanages, which is a form of state support for the family in the interests of the child. Prospects for further research in this direction, we see in the disclosure of the functions of a social worker in preparing the child to leave the orphanage and into independent living.

The development budget and its role in the implementation of the region’s investment policy

Realizing the role of investments for the implementation of the policy of economic growth and increasing the monetary income and savings of the population, it is proposed to develop the development budget in the regions as an independent target monetary fund as part of the consolidated budget of the subject of the Russian Federation and a tool for activating investment processes. The authors substantiate two options for the formation of its income based on the state of the economic potential of the region and inter-budgetary relations in the country. The article argues for the need to reflect in the development budget tax expenditures corresponding to the amount of incentive tax benefits provided by the sub-federal government to investors. The analysis of the forms of state support for investment projects in the Rostov region that are in demand by business – tax incentives, “engineering” subsidies, special investment contracts-allowed us to formulate a set of measures to improve tax legislation. The full functioning of the development budget is impossible without its consolidation in the Budget Code of the Russian Federation, as well as simplification of the mechanisms for providing tax instruments that stimulate investment processes, maintaining the stability of tax legislation, and expanding the tax independence of the state authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation.

Effectiveness of state support for crop production in the Altai Territory

The profitability of agribusiness depends on the forms of state support. The preservation and development of budget support in the Altai Territory is dictated by the acute need of agricultural producers for it. The study examines a number of areas of interaction between the state and agribusiness, analyzes the amount of funding, and reveals a low share per 1 hectare compared to other regions. The influence of state support on the indicators of economic activity and the increase in tax revenues is analyzed. The indicators of the effectiveness of state support in the Altai Territory are presented and the grouping of agricultural enterprises is carried out according to the size of budget funds allocated for 1 hectare of agricultural land. There are conditions for granting subsidies. Interdepartmental cooperation is being carried out, the quality, availability and efficiency are being improved, and the provision of state support funds in the Altai Territory is being provided. For the coordination of the parties, there is an electronic personal account of agricultural producers.

Державна підтримка аграрного сектору у контексті зміцнення його економічної безпеки

Abstract. Introduction. The article is devoted to the problems of ensuring the appropriate level of state support for the agricultural sector in the context of strengthening its economic security. The purpose of the article is to reveal the organizational principles of state support for the agricultural sector, analysis of its effectiveness. Results. The importance of ensuring the appropriate level of state support for the agricultural sector in terms of strengthening and economic security further development has been substantiated. The forms of state support for the agricultural sector have been considered in the article. The programs with the help of which the state support for the agricultural sector is carried out today have been analyzed. The dynamics of state funding of individual programs to support domestic farmers has been studied. The period 2010-2019 there was a constant underfunding of the planned amounts of state support for the agricultural sector. The negative dynamics of activity indicators of the agricultural sector enterprises since 2015 has been revealed, which was caused by the imperfect mechanism of state industry support. The results of the program implementation of financial support of agricultural producers in partial compensation of machinery and equipment cost of domestic production have been studied, as well as the analysis of the programs of cheaper loans in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. Conclusions. It has substantiated that one of the main tasks for today is to develop a normative document that will determine the key aspects for further strengthening the economic security of the agricultural sector and will be a part of Ukraine's agricultural policy. Thus, the development of the Strategy for the economic security development of the agricultural sector will determine the main directions for further industry development and create an effective mechanism for managing the economic security of the agricultural sector. One of the key areas of strategy implementation should be: ensuring sufficient state support for the agricultural sector, its permanent implementation and affordable conditions, further expansion of state support, as well as increasing its volume to the necessary limits; as well as the formation of financial and credit support for the agricultural sector development on an institutional basis.

Changes to the state aid rules in response to the crisis due to the spread of Covid-19

In these extraordinary times for the world’s economies, it is inevitable that Member States will support their economies in entire sectors and industries, including through public resources. However, this approach must be followed carefully, as such allocation of public resources in the form of state support is subject to strict state aid rules. The article examines the changes in the state aid regime that the economic consequences of the spread of COVID- 19 have imposed.

Social Contract as a Form of State Support in the Public’s Eyes: on the Example of the Ulyanovsk Region

The article is devoted to social contract as a form of target state assistance, which is being successfully engaged in international practice for a long time, and more recently was integrated into the Russian system of social support. Social contract is a specific mechanism focused on the activation of human potential, labor and educational resources that allow to overcome a difficult life situation through personal efforts, to ensure social independence for a person and his / her family and to increase the living standards and quality of life. Unlike most traditional forms of gratuitous financial assistance, social contract involves the observation of mutual obligations between the state and its citizens, stipulated by an individual program of social adaptation. Due to results of the research conducted in the Ulyanovsk Region in 2019 and designed to assess risks and factors of poverty, it became possible to consider social contract from the perspective of its recipients, and get closer to understanding people’s perception of this type of assistance, its relevance and effectiveness. The great virtue of social contract is hardly disputed. However, low awareness, rare discussion, and as a result, insufficient responsibility and nderstanding of the prescribed conditions for the implementation of the agreement, according to the respondents, may exclude the idea of business activity development and establishment of social partnership which were originally put into social contract. The lack of responsibility may be the reason to return to the most common attitude implicating the unilateral nature of assistance provided by the state.

ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF STATE FINANCING IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF PARTNER INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS OF THE STATE AND BUSINESS

Introduction. An integral condition for the efficient functioning of the economy is the constructive financial interaction between the state and business. Such cooperation is due to the need to improve the infrastructure sectors, the efficiency of which affects not only the welfare and quality of life, but also creates the conditions for intensifying investment activities and increasing productivity in the fields of material production. However, modernization of infrastructure is not possible only at the expense of private partners, so it requires financial participation of state or local authorities. The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of public funding of public-private partnership infrastructure projects in Ukraine and to develop recommendations for their solution, taking into account the best world practices. Results. The study showed that public funding of public-private partnership projects in Ukraine is carried out through the use of direct and indirect state support. It is established that its forms are insufficiently adapted in domestic practice, as they have a restrictive nature of action, and also contain many gaps in the legislation. Conclusions. Increasing the investment attractiveness of infrastructure projects implemented on the basis of public-private partnership requires state support. At the same time, state and local authorities should adhere to the provisions: providing state support in the process of implementing strategically important PPP projects in the field of socio-economic activities by legislative regulation of the procedure for determining the level of contribution of a supported investment project; determining the type of financial participation of the state (provision of state guarantees, subsidies or budget investments) should be based on economically justified performance indicators; involvement of state representatives to assess the feasibility of choosing certain forms of state support, forecasting the possible risks to prevent budget imbalances; ensuring transparency of public funding of PPP projects, which will increase the level of confidence in the investment market.

Russian healthcare in the development of medical tourism

The authors consider the possibilities of national health care in the context of the export of medical services. The methodology of the work is based on an approach based on different specifics of medical and healthcare tourism and their correlation. The forms of state support are described in the article. The assessment of the plan for the development of the export of medical services and the ways of its implementation are given. The following pointes are highlighted: trends in the commercialization of medical tourism, business strategy, social, economic and technological risks in the development of medical tourism, and the prospects of development. The most attractive areas of medical care in Russia for foreigners are explicated. The financial benefits of exporting medical services and the issue of Russia’s international cooperation in this area are considered.. It is done for a comparative analysis of the achievements in different countries in the medical and tourism industry. The forms of cooperation with the Joint Commission International (JCI) in promoting the export of medical services in Russia were noted. The article also deals with the problems and barriers to the development of the export of medical services and possible ways to solve them.

ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ЕКЗОГЕННИХ ФАКТОРІВ, ЩО ОБУМОВЛЮЮТЬ РОЗВИТОК ВИСОКОШВИДКІСНИХ ПАСАЖИРСЬКИХ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНИХ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ

The article proves the need to develop high-speed railway transport, due to the fact that the last decade of travel on high-speed trains around the world is often faster than on airplanes, due to the lack of lengthy check-in, baggage screening, airport transfers and others. This type of transportation is becoming a major factor in the growing trend when passengers choose a high-speed train instead of an airplane. A detailed analysis of high-speed railway transport activities and their competitive advantages in the domestic and world transport markets are outlined. It is proved that in the conditions of cardinal transformation of the external environment caused by globalization, digitalization and intellectualization of world economy the guarantee of efficiency of strategy of development of any business entity is establishment of exogenous factors. The necessity of using methods and models of strategic management in the process of development of high-speed railway transportation in Ukraine is substantiated, as well as the necessity of determining the corresponding exogenous factors. The study identified the following key factors: intensification of international traffic, development of subversive technologies for trains and new transport systems, introduction of multimodal high-speed railway passenger transport technologies, development of multimodal transport infrastructure for high-speed railway passenger transport, development of private passenger transport, partnerships in the use of various forms of state support, digitalization of business processes of high-speed railway passenger transportation, development of intelligent transport systems for high-speed railway passenger transportation, improving customer service of high-speed railway passenger transportation, increasing reliability and safety of rail passenger-passenger transportation cross-border cooperation during the development of high high-speed railway passenger traffic. This will create a basis for determining the impact of macroeconomic conditions on the development of high-speed passenger railway transport and establish the patterns of their economic growth.