Forest Strips Research Articles

Агроэкологические условия возделывания озимой пшеницы под защитой лесных полос

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to identify the features of functioning of forest-reclaimed agrobiocenoses and assess their impact in combination with various soil treatments on the formation of winter wheat yield. The object of research was field agrobiocenosis in combination with protective stands. Observations and accounting were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Research result. Research has shown that protective forest belts have an impact on agroecological conditions within the inter-band space and on the yield of winter wheat. It is established that the highest content of productive moisture in the inter-lane space is observed at a distance of 5 to 10 Н from the forest strip. The average content of productive moisture in this zone was 49.4 mm, which is 11.3 mm more than in a field without protective plantings. Differentiated changes in soil moisture in the interband space persist throughout the growing season of winter wheat. Zonal distribution of moisture reserves in the soil affects the formation of the total water consumption of winter wheat, the value of the water consumption coefficient. In a protected field, the total water flow is from 1418.8 to 1758.6 m3/ha, in a field without protective plantings – 1329.7 m3/ha. The yield of winter wheat under the protection of stands is higher than in the field without protective stands. On average, over 5 years of research, depending on the applied technology of soil cultivation, the increase in yield was 0.21–0.29 t/ha. Scientific novelty. In result of the conducted researches the features of moisture and the content of major nutrients in crops in light-chestnut soil in terms of agroecology, the dependence of the activity of soil microbiota from remoteness from planting shelterbelts, assessed the effectiveness of the soil treatment methods and their influence on productivity of winter wheat.

Application of modern GIS technologies for inventory of protective forest strips, identification of waterlogged areas

Earlier there were conducted the studies of the climatic, soil, environmental and economic characteristics of natural landscapes and agricultural land in Krasnodar Territory, for example, Dinskoy district. It is located on the territory of the V-natural landscape. There were shown the results of study of the qualitative state of field-protective forest belts and their influence on the processes of expansion of land area waterlogged arable land using GIS technology as a tool of information-cartographical support of researches. The identification of forest strips in GIS was carried out, their area was determined, the types of forest strips were established, the condition and degree of damage were assessed, the area of beams whose growth is due to the violation of the natural watercourse was determined. There have been identified the areas and sites of necessary repair works and laying of new forest strips, areas and sites of field-protective forest strips that prevent natural water flow and which are planned for cutting down. The capital investments in the laying, restoration and uprooting of damaged and planned forest strips are calculated. The use of GIS technologies in the study makes it possible to increase the accuracy of the results of the assessment and forecast of the development of degradation processes, reduces the cost of research, and ensures an increase in efficiency of land use in agricultural production.

The influence of poplar forest belts on agrocenoses in the forest-steppe zone of the Altai Territory

The article considers the influence of protective forest strips forest strips composition and structure of agrocenoses in the forest-steppe zone of the Altai Territory. The territory of the Altai Territory is intensively plowed. Soils are subject to destruction and degradation. The creation of forest belts helps to improve the water regime, increase soil fertility and increase crop productivity. They bind carbon, helping to reduce the greenhouse effect and offsetting industrial carbon dioxide emissions. The role of forest belts in improving the microclimate and reducing wind erosion has been well studied. The changes in the species diversity of weeds and the structure of agrocenoses depending on the structure and species composition of forest belts have not been sufficiently studied. The article presents the results of the study of the influence of poplar forest belts of different designs (2-, 3 - and 4-row) on agrocenoses. The regularities of changes in the height and projective cover of the weed and cultural layer, the composition of weed species, depending on the location of the agrocenosis in relation to the forest belt are revealed. Data on the influence of forest belts of agrophytocenoses located on the southern and northern sides of the forest belt are presented. zanimaetsya diversity of weed species in ugrozenih on megalonyx sites.

Regularities of spring runoff formation and erosion under the influence of forest and agrotechnical rec-lamation in the southern chernozem of the Volga region

The purpose of the study was to determine the regularities of the spring formation elements of water balance and soil erosion under the influence of a set of anti-erosion techniques based on long-term observations (1964-2020). The research object was created in 1964 on the land of the farm “Vyazovsky”. The complex of anti-erosion techniques consists of two forest strips 300 m apart, reinforced with ditches. The inter-lane space was developed by crop rotations and pasture with the use of mulched crevices to combat, with silting and ice content of cracks. The dose of straw sections at a distance between the slits of 1.4 m – 4.8 t / ha. Forest belts accumulate snow by 33.3% more than open agricultural landscapes, and in low-snow winters, the effect of snow deposition increases by another 20%. Long-term studies of spring runoff on land in the steppe of the Volga upland allowed us to recommend the appropriate values of 10% probability of excess for creating soil protection complexes from erosion: moldboard ploughland – 25 mm, moldboardless ploughland– 47 mm, winter crops и grass pastures – 65 mm. The content of southern chernozem with A+B <0.5 m at the permissible level of erosion equal to 0.3 t / ha is possible when a complex of anti-erosion forest reclamation and agrotechnical techniques is introduced into the technology of crop cultivation. Regression and correlation analysis found that the spring runoff coefficient and spring soil erosion depend on the amount of water reserves in the snow and the degree of protection of land from erosion by anti-erosion techniques by 92-99%.

Картографический анализ компонентов агроландшафта при формировании устойчивого землепользования в условиях деградации земель Волгоградской области

Modern geoinformation studies of the structural components of the agricultural landscape allow us to quickly assess the state, the degree of preservation and the impact of its individual elements on the environment, and the sustainability of each land use. The preservation of the quality of land resources is the most important task for agricultural production and socio-economic development of the region. Mapping of the test site “Catchment area of the Kasarka River” made it possible to determine the agricultural landscape as a typical one, with an area of 78.55 thousand square meters. ha, with a predominance of arable land—60.3 %, woodlands—11.3 % and protective forest strips of artificial origin—3.6 %. The remaining area—19.39 thousand hectares—is occupied by hayfields and pastures, lands of settlements, roads and allotments. The terrain features a height difference of 86 m and a maximum slope angle of 7.5°. 456 plots of arable land were surveyed, the system of protective forest stands includes 581 forest strips and 21 forest stands, with a total area of 11.75 thousand hectares. 74.3 % of forest strips and massifs are degraded, the share of fallen forest belts was 34.3 %, the effectiveness of the protective action of forest stands is only 67 %, and this does not ensure the integrity of the agricultural landscape. The dependence of the slope angle (X) on the value of the potential washout (M) was determined, which made it possible to calculate the soil washout for each plot of arable land, which varies from 4.8 t/ha to 34.7 t/ha. The total flushing of the soil at the maximum values of the slope angles of the test site will be 823750.3 tons. For individual test plots of arable land, the spread of the calculated value of the average nutrient flushing is also significant from 3.1 t (test plot P67, area 0.943 ha), to 1655.5 t (test plot H142, area 296.86 ha).

Ландшафтная агролесомелиорация

Purpose: to substantiate the main provisions of landscape agroforestry reclamation. Methods: landscape-chorionic, ecotonic and catenary-basin approaches. Results. A provision on the forest agrarian chorion formed by the core – the phytomass accumulation of the forestry stows and the reclamation fields of its impact on the agricultural landscape has been developed. The characteristics of these fields depend on the intensity of the material-energy manifestations of the chorionic core, which changes in connection with the agro-environment dynamics and the forest-agrarian chorion development. This leads to the emergence of local forest-agricultural landscapes and their ecotones. Forestry stows mesoecotones of and regional forests macroecotones organize the landscape space. In this case, the slope landscapes combine landscape-geochemical flows, and the catchment areas of gullies and watercourse basins combine the systems of such flows. Forest agrarian chorions, due to their influence fields and filtration-barrier function of ecotones, influence the direction and properties of landscape-geochemical flows, changing the ratio of the articles of the water balance of the territory, material-energy removal and accumulation of matter and energy, concentration and dispersion of information, productivity and product quality of agricultural landscapes. Primary catchments of gullies with a well-developed network of valleys, hollows and gullies are characterized by landscape-geochemical microarens, and the basins of watercourses of various orders are mega- and macroarens, which, respectively, represent local forest-agricultural landscapes, districts, regions, and zones of landscape agroforestry reclamation. All forest agrarian chorions (forest strips, groves, etc.) are grouped according to the main criteria: protection of fields and gardens, protection of meadows and pastures, organization of landscape space. Conclusions. The terminology and meanings of agroforestry reclamation and landscape science have been agreed upon. The main provisions of landscape agroforestry have been substantiated: forest agrarian chorion, forest edge ecotone, basin structure and qualitatively homogeneous groups of multifunctional forest agrarian chorions.

ФИТОМЕЛИОРАТИВНАЯ РОЛЬ КУСТАРНИКОВОГО ПОЯСА В ПРИДОРОЖНЫХ НАСАЖДЕНИЯХ

Along the federal roads of the Rostov region, Krasnodar Territory and the Stavropol Territory, it is increasingly possible to find clean plantations consisting of one or two tree species, with a completely destroyed bush belt. In 62 % of the plots studied, the shrub belt is represented by species of scumpia (Cotinus coggygria, 17 %), terna (Prunus spinosa, 9 %), elm (Ulmus parvifolia, 5 %), maple (Acer tataricum, 3 %), that is, resistant to anthropogenic and climatic factors steppe The bush belt in protective roadside strips plays a significant role in the accumulation of soil moisture (by 6.3 %), humus (by 2.4 %), in reducing the noise load (by 25 dB). Ancestral and overband shrubs make it possible to create a dense structure of forest strips, which fully performs protective functions both from drifts of the highway bed with snow, and to reduce the negative impact of vehicles on adjacent landscapes. The study of the phytomeliorative role of the shrub belt in existing roadside plantations is a relevant area of research for the further development of recommendations for the creation and maintenance of protective roadside plantings in the steppe zone of southern Russia.

Экологизация развития ландшафтной агролесомелиорации: исторические основы и инновационные подходы

Agroforestry is an important component of agricultural production development. According to the Great Russian scientists, forest vegetation in the form of continuous afforestation or various types of forest belts on agricultural landscapes had and still has a significant impact on the formation of favorable agro-climatic conditions both on inter-forest and inter-strip spaces. Therefore, the creation of a system of different types and types of forest strips on the territory of agricultural land is an urgent task for the formation of environmentally sustainable agricultural production. The article presents various aspects of agroforestry activi-ties greening, reveals its historical development processes, and analyzes the introduction of innovative technologies in this area.

Mineral nutrition in the cultivation of agricultural crops in the crop rotation

The article deals with the production of crops in agriculture using mineral nutrition. A fertilizer system that provides high-quality crop yields with the lowest cost per unit of production, steadily increases the fertility of irrigated soils. When developing the issue of crop planning, it is important to establish scientifically based doses of fertilizers. Stable yields of alfalfa are possible under the conditions of irrigation, fertilizers, plant protection products – a high crop of agriculture. An important stabilizing factor in crop irrigation is forest strips that allow you to maintain the timing of irrigation at wind speeds exceeding the permissible values for sprinklers. Optimal seeding rates and design of forest strips for obtaining high yields of alfalfa on irrigation have been established.

Thermodynamic mathematical model of the Kastanozem complex and new principles of sustainable semiarid protective silviculture management

The Kastanozem complex in the dry steppe of southern Russia underlies an artificially-constructed forest strips. Deep ploughing to a depth of 45 cm was used to process the soil prior to planting. Between 20 and 40 cm depth, soil density was high, 1.57 t m−3. Soil hardness was also high, 440 psi. Soil aggregates greater than 5 cm in size were impermeable to tree roots. The content of such aggregates was high, comprising 35%. The number of tree roots with diameters greater than 0.5 cm that cross the soil profile was as low as 0.15 to 0.3 pcs cm−2. The soil matric potential signifying water availability was low in the vegetation period −0.9 MPa to a depth of 1.0 m. According to modelling experiments, the main salt components in the soil solution drive the transfer of soil organic matter (SOM) and heavy metals (HM). The composition of the soil solution determined by the calcium carbonate equilibrium (CCE) and the association and complexation of ions. ION-3 software was used to calculate the ion equilibrium in the soil solution. Macro-ions Cа2+, Mg2+, SO42−, and CO32− partly bonded as ion pairs. Oversaturation of the soil solution with CaCO3 was calculated according to the analytical content of macro-ion, which was high up to 1000 units, and its value decreased in response to ionic strength, activity, association, complexation, and thermodynamic equilibrium of macro-ions in the soil solution. Oversaturation calculated for Salic Solonetz and Gleyic Solonetz soil solutions was small considering the SOM content. Calculations indicate the profile and lateral loss of C from the soil to the vadose zone. The content of Pb in the soil solution was calculated sirca 75%–80%. The calculated coefficient of Pb2+ association was as high as 52.0. The probability of Pb passivation by SOM in the Kastanozem complex was significant. The probability of uncontrolled transfer and accumulation of HM in the soil and vadose zone was high. Biogeosystem Technique (BGT*) transcendental methodology, an innovative methodology created for stable geomorphological system formation to achieve sustainable agriculture and silviculture, was applied. The BGT* elements were: intra-soil milling of the 30–60 cm soil layer for geophysical conditioning; intra-soil continuously-discrete pulse watering for plants and trees to improve the hydrologic regime. The BGT* methodology reduced HM mobility, controlled biodegradation, enriched nutrient biogeochemical cycling, increased C content, increased soil productivity, and reversible carbon sequester in biological form.

Assessment of climatic conditions for the purpose to organize the restoration protective forest strips on the territory of Pervomaysky district in the Republic of Crimea

The paper evaluates the climatic conditions in order to organize the restoration of protective forest strips on the territory of the Pervomaysky district of the Republic of Crimea. The following indicators were analyzed and mapped: the wind regime of the territory (wind direction, speed, repeatability); heat and moisture availability of the territory (precipitation for various periods, average and total temperature values for months and periods, moisture coefficients of the territory (Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient (SCC), Budyko dryness index and Sukachev coefficient (CS). On their basis, climatopes of forest belts are compiled. The presented data and certain climatic parameters are used to determine the design features of forest belts within the areas under consideration. The amount of data provided is sufficient in accordance with the guidelines for the design of protective forest stands to assess the meso-climatic conditions of the survey area.

Designing Protective Ecotones to Reduce Acoustic Load on the Railway Lines

Abstract According to the results of the analysis of domestic and foreign literary sources, one of the most innovative ways of ensuring the stability of anthropogenically modified ecosystems is proposed, that is the creation of a system of protective type ecotones, which will allow providing ecological safety on the railways using exclusively natural environmental restoration mechanisms. On the experimental areas, we have described the taxonomic structure of forestry groups and phytocoenotic activity of species in forest grouping. We have also calculated the closeness, viability of the tree-stands, and also the projective shelter. To determine the noise effect, the noise-permeability of forest strips and the scattering of sound-currents from planting action have been analyzed. Based on research and calculations, a zone of sound shadow is determined depending on the size of the obstacle and the length of the sound wave. The acoustic effect of reducing the sound level is determined by such factors as bandwidth, dendrological composition, and design of plantations. The one-factor dispersion analysis allowed confirming that the investigated sections of the tracks of Lviv Railways differ significantly from each other according to these data. The results of the research were also subject to correlation analysis. The coefficients of pair correlation of structural indices of protective type ecotones were calculated with reduction of acoustic load on sections of the tracks of Lviv Railways. Therefore, the interrelation with the distance, the horizontal closure of the tree canopy, the distance between the trees, the height of the shaft and the crown density were reliably established. On this basis, the multiplicity regression equation for complex estimation of acoustic load reduction and prediction of noise reduction with specified parameters of protective type ecotones were calculated.

Heavy metals in soils under various tree species

The issues of mutual influence of forest and soil attract the attention of researchers not only in theory, but also in practice, especially in the forest-steppe and steppe regions of the country. The researchers drew attention to the rapid changes in soil properties associated with forest planting. In addition, the composition and properties of soils are affected by the rock composition of forest belts. The main chemical, physical, and physical-chemical properties of ordinary chernozems under forest stands, of different rock composition, were studied. The same indicators were investigated in the chernozems occupied by arable land. It is shown that protective forest strips do not significantly affect the physical properties of soils. Chemical and physical-chemical properties change under the influence of wood crops. The gross content and mobile compounds of heavy metals in chernozems occupied by tree species were studied. It is shown that various HM and their compounds have their own characteristics of content and intra-profile distribution. The content and distribution of heavy metals is determined by the pH value, the content and distribution of silty particles, and humus (Corg). In addition, the nature of vegetation and various types of wood species have a significant impact on the content and profile distribution of heavy metals.

Data augmentation using image-to-image translation for detecting forest strip roads based on deep learning

ABSTRACT Having been developed recently, image classification and object detection by deep convolutional neural networks are now widely used. However, in applications of deep learning in forestry, hardly any cases have involved forestry robots. For the autonomous driving and working of a forwarder on a strip road, a system is developed for detecting strip roads by semantic segmentation using deep learning, and data augmentation methods are proposed on the basis of generative adversarial networks (GANs) to improve robustness. In this study, three GAN-based data augmentation methods are proposed, namely, (i) translated images from new label images, (ii) translated images from an actual dataset, and (iii) both. The training dataset is evaluated by fully convolutional networks, from which the trained models show a pixel accuracy of 0.616 and a mean accuracy of 0.512. Compared with no augmentation and general augmentation, a maximum improvement in accuracy of 0.031 is observed. The GAN-based augmentation technique is effective for detecting a small number class because the class distribution of the dataset is set arbitrarily. Accurate detection by the trained model is confirmed even if the image dataset contains unknown obstacles.

Study of forest strip systems agrolandscapes structure

The aim of the scientific work is to investigate the forest bands system structure of agrolandscapes with the aim of establishing the duration of periods of its development for determining the main forest species. Research Methodology: complete counting of trees on temporary test plots laid in typical forest belts, analysis of main tree trunks and obtaining equations of relationships between heights and ages; modeling the development of the structure of forest belts using these equations and formulas for determining the distance between forest belts. It was found out that forest lane systems in their development consistently go through certain periods: unsteady, stationary, post-stationary and decaying functioning. The main criterion for choosing the main species when creating forest belt systems is the longest duration of the stationary and post-stationary functioning of the system. For forest strips created from Quercus robur, this duration is 81 years, Fraxinus lanceolata - 63 years; Robinia pseudoacacia - 55 years. According to this criterion, it is not advisable to create forest strips from such main species as Populus nigra and Ulmus pumila on southern chernozems.

Ecological and Phytocenological Characteristics of the Vegetation of the National Park “Buzuluksky Bor”

The uniqueness of the territory of Buzuluksky Bor as an object of national and world natural heritage was first identified by outstanding domestic naturalists S.I. Korzhinsky. In historical terms, scientific research in Buzuluk pine forest has been carried out since the creation in the pinery of a scientific base - the pine forest experimental station named after A.P. Tolsky. Buzuluksky Bor's problems include: periodic droughts; forest fires over large areas; previous clear cutting; damage to forest crops by pests. On the territory of Buzuluksky Bor, 679 species of vascular plants belonging to 97 families and 353 genera grow (excluding producers), which makes 56% of the total number of species of the Orenburg region. The dominant breed Buzuluk pine forest is an Scotch pine. Buzuluksky Bor is bordered on almost all sides by a strip of deciduous forest, bordering a treeless steppe. About 40% of the area is currently occupied by pine, 21% by oak, 11% by maple, linden and alder, and about 28% by birch, aspen and other small-leaved species. According to V.N. Sukachev, the pine forests of the Buzuluksky Bor are represented by 17 types, which fall into four groups: a) lichen pine forests (Pineta cladinosa), b) mossy pine forests (Pineta pseudoherbosa), c) false grassy pine forests (Pineta pseudoherbosa), d) complex pine forests).

Шумопоглинальні властивості придорожніх лісових смуг різних конструкцій в умовах Західного Полісся

In the modern conditions of society development the role of protective plantings is great importance. In particular, types of such plantations in the study are protective strips along the roads. At first glance, it is difficult to trace the processes that take place in these lanes. However, by selecting the appropriate adapted research methodology, it is possible to trace these seemingly hidden functions. The significance and relevance the use of roadside forest strips in the context of their noise-absorbing functions are presented. Attention is paid to the analysis of noise load for the operation of large vehicles on highways of international and national importance in the conditions of Western Polissya. An analysis of recent scientific publications with an emphasis on protective plantings as an effective means of preventing negative acoustic loads. The main purpose of the research was to determine the noise-absorbing properties of roadside forest belts depending on their design features and species composition. It is noted that the solution of program tasks of work is carried out with the use of special techniques of researches of noise-absorbing effect by protective forest plantations on transport ways. The comparative characteristic of noise-absorbing effect roadside forest strips and noise-protective screens are executed. On the basis of the conducted researches the mathematical models describing a decrease in noise level depending on a design of roadside forest strips are developed. The generalization of the experimental results showed that the roadside strips of dense and openwork structures are marked by the highest quality noise-absorbing effect. Noise protection screens in the study area help to reduce the noise level to 60 dB and less, it than ensure compliance with the necessary sanitary standards for settlements.

HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF FIELD PROTECTIVE FORESTRY IN AGRO LANDSCAPES OF UKRAINE

The article reproduces the historical aspects of forest reclamation measures in the agricultural landscapes of Ukraine. As a result of the analysis, we have identified four stages of forest reclamation activitiesin modern Ukraine. The origin and initial stage of development of forest reclamation in Ukraine (the firsthalf of the XIX century — the first quarter of the XX century) are associated with the idea of correctingadverse climatic conditions with forest plantations and their positive impact on the environment, including agricultural growth cultures. This period was also marked by the substantiation of technologies forthe creation of protective plantations and the establishment of the first specialized state institutions onsteppe afforestation. The second stage (early 1930s – until 1952) was characterized by giving priority tofield-based afforestation on a national scale, which as carried out on a regular project basis. It was duringthis stage of development that the most productive period in the history of forest reclamation took place,which had no analogues in world practice in terms of the scale and novelty of scientific and technicalsolutions and their implementation. The third stage of development (1953–1975) began with a significantreduction in the volume of protective forest plantations and was generally characterized by instabilityin the development of forest reclamation. The last fourth (modern) stage of development (from 1976 tothe present) was marked by a general decrease in the volume of field afforestation. During this period, asignificant reduction in the scale of forest reclamation began, the planned volumes were not met, at thesame time there was a deterioration of the existing protective plantations and a decrease in their efficiency.It is known that forest reclamation in the system of agro-landscapes contributes to the improvement ofecological, agroforestry and environmental conditions and ensures the sustainable functioning of agricultural production. However, the forest reclamation infrastructure of protective forest plantations thathas developed in Ukraine is not effective enough. The area of protective forest plantations and forests for various purposes is not sufficient to ensure the stability of the agricultural landscape, and the fieldprotective forest cover of the country is only 1.3%, which is much lower than optimal. About 40% of fieldprotective forest strips have unsatisfactory condition and forest reclamation properties.Therefore, there is a need to develop a state program for the reproduction and rehabilitation of existing forest belts through the planting of trees and shrubs, as well as the creation of additional field forestbelts from the available range of fast-growing, climate-resistant species

Характеристика полезащитных лесных полос на территории учебно-опытного хозяйства «Горная поляна»

В статье приводится характеристика полезащитных лесных полос учебно-опытного хозяйства «Горная поляна» Советского района г. Волгограда. В работе использовали традиционные и современные методы изучения древостоев, а также способы учета и определения таксационных показателей защитных лесных полос. По результатам исследования приведены основные морфологические признаки древостоев и данные о дальности влияния лесных полос на скорость ветра. The article deals with the issues related to the characteristics of field-protective forest strips of the educational and experimental farm “Gornaya Polyana” of the Soviet district of Volgograd. In this paper, the authors describe in detail the methodology of research, consider the spatial orientation of protective forest strips, species composition, height, undergrowth, mixing scheme, number of rows, distance between rows and seats in a row, density and safety of plantings, width of forest strips, design, openwork of forest strips, prevailing wind directions and the influence of forest strips on wind speed. The purpose of the work is to obtain taxational characteristics of protective forest stands for the formation of an information base of management objects and to assess the influence of bands on wind speed. In the main part of the work, the characteristics of plantings obtained in the course of taxation studies are given. In conclusion, the results are summarized and the current state of protective forest stands is assessed. In the course of the research, the main characteristics of protective forest strips were analyzed. Openwork-blown construction of protective forest strips on the influence on the wind flow, was the least effective. The range of influence of such bands did not exceed 10–15 H, and in this zone the wind speed on average decreases by 20–25 % The analysis showed that the condition of the studied protective forest strips in General can be described as satisfactory. Of the 8 forest strips surveyed, only one dense-structure PPLP with a species composition of 8D2Ck at the age of 40 years was in unsatisfactory condition. A good condition with the same design differed PZLP with a species composition of 8V2Cm.

Фитомасса березовых древостоев придорожных защитных лесных полос Северного Казахстана

Фитомасса березовых древостоев придорожных защитных лесных полос Северного Казахстана