Pond Fish Farming Research Articles

Green Economy Innovation in Attracting Youth to Pond Fish Farming Profession

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of youth perceptions on interest in the fish farming profession mediated by green economy. The approach used in this research is a causal approach. The population in this study were village youth in Sungelebak, Sungegeneng Kec, Lamongan Kab. The sample in this study used simple random sampling with 100 respondents. The data collection technique in this study used a questionnaire technique. The data analysis technique in this study uses a quantitative approach using statistical analysis using the Auter Model Analysis test, Inner Model Analysis, and Hypothesis Test. Data processing in this study used the PLS (Partial Least Square) software program. The results of this study prove that directly youth perceptions and green economy have a significant effect on interest in the fish farming profession and indirectly green economy is able to mediate the effect of youth perceptions on interest in the fish farming profession. Highlights: Significant Relationships: Youth perceptions and green economy significantly influence interest in fish farming. Mediation Effect: Green economy acts as a mediator between youth perceptions and fish farming interest. Methodology: Utilized a causal approach with 100 respondents from Sungelebak village through questionnaires and PLS software. Keywords: Youth Perception, Green Economic, Interest in Fish Farming Profession

Detection and Diversity of Tetracycline Resistant Bacteria in Fish Ponds of Rajshahi Region

The growth of aquaculture as a key food production industry, particularly in Bangladesh, has led to the increased use of various chemicals and drugs. This study focuses on the critical analysis of bacterial profiles in the waters of fish farming ponds in the Rajshahi district of Bangladesh, a necessary step for disease management and addressing the public health issues related to antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The research found a significant presence of bacteria in these waters, with viable bacterial counts fluctuating from 3.0×10² to 4.2×10³ CFU/ml at a Tetracycline concentration of 32 µg/ml, and 0.5×10² to 1.8×10³ CFU/ml at 64 µg/ml. Using 16S rRNA gene analysis, we discerned a dozen distinct bacterial species spanning six genera that demonstrate resistance to tetracycline. These include Enterobacter asburiae, Aeromonas sp., Acinetobacter sp., Bacillus sp., Bacillus cereus, Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter gandensis, Escherichia coli, Shigella sp., Enterobacter hormaechei, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Bacillus altitudinis. The study underscores the critical need for preventive actions in fish farming to address these resistant bacteria and calls for comprehensive research to trace their origins and pathways of transmission. This research significantly contributes to the understanding of antibiotic resistance in aquatic ecosystems and its broader implications for public health. J. Bio-Sci. 32(2): 23-30, 2024

A Review Paper on Bioremediation, A Panacea to Aquaculture Productivity

Aquaculture production encompasses the cultivation of aquatic organisms, including fish, shellfish, and plants, within controlled environments, playing a pivotal role in meeting the escalating global demand for fish and seafood. Various techniques are employed, ranging from fish farming in ponds, cages, or tanks to the cultivation of seaweed and other aquatic flora. The overarching objective is to achieve sustainable production while minimizing adverse environmental impacts. The utilization of bioremediation techniques in aquaculture entails harnessing microorganisms to degrade pollutants and ameliorate water quality, thereby fostering a healthier environment conducive to the thriving of aquatic organisms. Strategic interventions, such as the introduction of specific bacteria or plants capable of absorbing excess nutrients, contribute to ecosystem equilibrium, thereby promoting sustainable aquaculture practices. Leveraging living organisms to detoxify or eliminate pollutants represents a promising strategy for addressing environmental challenges associated with intensive aquaculture. The review delves into elucidating the mechanisms underlying microbial communities and selected organisms' capacity to mitigate water quality issues, notably excess nutrients and organic matter accumulation. Common bioremediation approaches encompass the utilization of beneficial bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, Nano remediation, biological filters, bioaugmentation, and oxygenation. By integrating these bioremediation techniques, aquaculture enterprises can bolster water quality, mitigate disease risks, and foster a more sustainable and productive aquatic environment conducive to the flourishing of aquatic organisms.

Determination of Micro-Insurance Premium Price for Fisheries Using Poisson-Exponential Aggregate Distribution Approach

Engaging in pond aquaculture is currently an attractive option amid the high demand for fish in the market. Entrepreneurial opportunities in the pond fish farming sector are increasingly open, although the risk of crop failure remains, both due to weather factors and the livestock process. Crop failure can have a significant financial impact on pond aquaculture cultivators. Therefore, it is necessary to have special insurance to protect against financial losses due to risks that can occur, namely Fisheries Micro Insurance. Microinsurance is a type of insurance product that is specifically designed for low-income people, offering simple, accessible, economically priced features and administration, and a fast compensation settlement process. The focus of this research is to calculate premium prices by applying an aggregate risk model approach. The data used is the number of incidents and the amount of losses due to crop failure in shrimp pond cultivation in Pandeglang Regency in the period of January 1, 2019-January 1, 2021. Data on the number of events follows the Poisson distribution, while data on the magnitude of losses follows the Exponential distribution. Furthermore, the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method is used to calculate the parameter estimation. The average and variance estimates of the aggregate risk are used to determine the amount of premiums. The result of the premium selection in this study is IDR 42,005,600. The amount of premium reflects the collective premium resulting from the calculation based on the standard deviation principle.

Enhancing Tomato Production by Using Non-Conventional Water Resources within Integrated Sprinkler Irrigation Systems in Arid Regions

This research evaluated the importance of establishing an integrated sprinkler irrigation design connected to fish farm ponds in order to achieve environmental and financial benefits. To achieve the aim of the study, two field experiments were conducted at a private farm in the Nubaria area of Beheira Governorate during the 2022 and 2023 seasons to quantify all the benefits from using fish water effluent (FWE) in irrigation. The obtained results indicated that the effluent could represent a good source of irrigation and bio-fertilization. The yield of tomato was higher when using FWE for irrigation compared with using groundwater for irrigation (IW). This was due to the additional amounts of dissolved bio-nitrogen along with other nutrients present in the FWE. The proportion of dissolved nitrogen added by using FWE was 22.3 kg nitrogen per hectare in 2022 and 24.6 kg nitrogen per hectare in 2023, in addition to some other major elements such as phosphorus and potassium, which are also among the main nutrients needed by crops. It has also been noticed that the fertility of the sandy soil increased with the use of FWE for irrigation. One of the most important results was the possibility of reducing the addition of nitrogen mineral fertilizers by 25%, thus saving on N fertilizers when growing tomato. In addition to the vitality of the FWE and its macro- and microelements, algae, microorganisms, and other organic materials, the use of this type of water as an alternative source for irrigation, along with the reduction in the amount of added mineral fertilizers, will reduce the degree of groundwater contamination with mineral fertilizers and increase the income of farmers. It was also observed that the air temperature decreased during the growing season when compared with the temperature of uncultivated surrounding areas.

The characteristics of the novel bacterial strain Pseudomonas mendocina isolated from freshwater aquaculture farm.

Plastic contamination can cause damage to the water quality of fish farm ponds, and also affect the quality of the final product. Pseudomonas mendocina was found to biodegrade plastics. Our study aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties and drug resistance of P. mendocina isolated from local freshwater aquaculture farms. Firstly, the strain was isolated from aquaculture water and then identified by matrix-assisted flight mass spectrometry and 16S rDNA sequencing. Then, biochemical and antibiotic resistance analyses were performed, and a microbial high-throughput growth detector was used to assess the growth of the strain. Finally, PCR and proteomics analyses were conducted to determine drug-resistance-related genes/proteins. According to the results of the spectrum diagram and sequencing, the isolated bacteria were identified as P. mendocina, and were positive for reactions of ADH, MTE, LAC, MNE, FRU, CIT, MLT, ONPG, and ACE. P. mendocina was sensitive to most of the antibiotics, and its resistance to CHL, MIN, and TIC/CLA was intermediate. Additionally, gyrB was the resistance gene, and mdtA2, mdtA3, mdaB, and emrK1 were closely related to the drug resistance of P. mendocina. Our results show the biochemical properties of P. mendocina in isolated aquaculture water, and provide a new perspective for P. mendocina involved in the biological removal of plastics or microplastics in freshwater aquaculture farms.

Exotic myxozoan parasites establish complex life cycles in farm pond aquaculture

Myxozoans are obligate parasites with complex life cycles, typically infecting fish and annelids. Here, we examined annelids from fish farm pond sediments in the Beit Shean Valley, in the Syrian-African Rift Valley, Israel, for myxozoan infections. We examined 1486 oligochaetes, and found 74 (5 %) were infected with actinospore stages. We used mitochondrial 16S sequencing to infer identity of 25 infected annelids as species of Potamothrix, Psammoryctides, Tubifex and Dero. We identified 7 myxozoan types from collective groups Neoactinomyxum and Sphaeractinomyxon, and characterized them by small subunit ribosomal DNA sequencing. The Neoactinomyxum type was genetically most similar (∼93 %) to cyprinid fish-infecting Myxobolus spp. The six Sphaeractinomyxon types were genetically similar (93–100 %) to Mugilid-infecting Myxobolus spp.; with one being the previously unknown actinospore stage of a myxospore that infects mullet from aquaculture from the Israeli coast of the Mediterranean Sea. As the farm pond system is artificial and geographically isolated from the Mediterranean, the presence of at least seven myxozoans in their annelid hosts demonstrates introduction and establishment of these parasites in a novel, brackish environment.

The effect of various drugs on the survival of sterlet fry in bacterial contamination of water

Currently, aquaculture is a reliable source of increasing the volume of fish food products and serves as a guarantor of food security. The sterlet Acipenser ruthenus L. is one of the main objects of freshwater aquaculture. Feeding with artificial feed, high planting densities and other negative factors of industrial fish farming inevitably lead to increased stress loads. This affects the physiological state of fish. Disturbances in the functioning of the immune system leads to outbreaks of infectious diseases and epizootic disadvantage of pond fish farms. In modern aquaculture, various antibiotics, probiotics and plant preparations are used to treat and prevent bacterial diseases. In this paper, the effect of different feed additives on the survival rate of sterlet fry to infectious agents was investigated. For this purpose, 150 individuals each were seeded into separate pools with high content of myxobacteria and aeromonads in the water microflora. Studies were conducted in 5 separate pools: control group with feed and 4 experimental pools with different feed additives. The duration of the experiment was 75 days. During the experiment, the number of surviving fries was recorded, and at the end, survival rate was calculated as a percentage of the total number of fish initially planted in each pool. Differences in the effect of different feed additives on the survival rate of fry were found. The highest escapement was recorded in the control group and the least in the group with Antibac-100. In the other experimental groups, the percentage of surviving fry was higher than in the control.

The contribution of homestead pond fish culture to household food security and dietary diversity in central coast of a developing country

Fish farming in homestead ponds help alleviate poverty, provide animal source food, micronutrients, and indirect income and various jobs in developing nations. This study investigated the impact of homestead pond fish farming on dietary diversity (HDDS and MDD-W), food security (HFIAS and ELCSA), income, and women's engagement. A total of 185 households were selected randomly for data collection through well-structured questionnaire interviews in the central coast of Bangladesh. HDDS revealed significant dietary diversity (73.3%) among beneficiary farmers, surpassing controls and nearly doubling that of non-aquaculture farmers (41.1%). Additionally, this study found that 86.7% and 74.3% of women in beneficiary and homestead pond farmers exhibited high dietary diversity (MDD-W ≥ 5), whereas 48.6% of women in non-aquaculture farmers' households had low dietary diversity (MDD-W ≥ 5). Based on both ELCSA and HFIAS, higher prevalence of food security was observed among the beneficiary farmers that was about 60% and 63.3%, respectively compared with the control farmers. Most non-aquaculture farmers (62.9%) indicated their family consumed fish for one week before the research. More than half of the homestead pond culture (55.7%) and more than 90% of the beneficiary farmers, aquaculture farmers and non-aquaculture farmers had gross income (<$ 500). Pertaining to women's participation in homestead pond was positively correlated to productivity while male dominated tasks was negatively correlated with productivity. The results offer insights into how homestead pond fish farming can enhance food security by supplying direct animal protein, addressing protein and micronutrient deficiencies, and boosting income. The study emphasizes the urgent necessity for training and promoting homestead pond culture, increasing female participation, and advocating comprehensive support from governmental organizations (GOs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to optimize production, improve micronutrient adequacy, and guarantee household food security. Keywords: Fish farming, food security, dietary diversity, women's participation.

Nematode fauna of fish in Armenia

The purpose of the research is to study the species composition of nematodes dwelling in fish in natural reservoirs and on artificial pond fish farms in Armenia.Materials and methods. The studies were performed at the Research Center for Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise of the Armenian National Agrarian University and at the Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology of the Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology from March 2020 to December 2022. Traditional ichthyo-parasitological methods were used to study 246 fish of 10 species from fish farms in the Ararat and Armavir Regions, from Lake Sevan and the Sevjur, Hrazdan, Marmarik, Akhuryan and Debed Rivers, as well as the Yerevan, Aparan and Akhuryan reservoirs. The study results were statistically processed (descriptive statistics) using the BioStat software.Results and discussion. The fish were found to have four types of nematodes: Contracaecum microcephalum Rudolphi, 1819, Philometroides sanguineus Rudolphi, 1819, Rhabdochona fortunatowi Dinnik, 1933 and Cystidicola farionis Fischer, 1798. Parasites were found in the body, on the serosa, in the air bladder walls, the intestinal lumen and the caudal fin thickness. The total nematode infection rate in fish was 9.76%. The nematode infection rate in fish was characterized by low values of prevalence and intensity other than the infection by the species Rh. fortunatowi (up to 24 specimens per fish). Among the found nematodes, the species C. microcephalum posed a potential threat to human health.

Sistem Pemberian Pakan Ikan Otomatis Berbasis IOT

Pond fish farming requires regular care and feeding of the fish. Fish feeding is usually done manually by spreading the food over the entire surface of the pond. Spreading feed manually will take a long time to feed and drain energy. It is not uncommon for owners to sometimes forget to feed the fish at the specified time. Based on these problems, the NodeMCU ESP8266-based automatic fish feeding system with blynk time setting is able to assist fish farmers in the process of feeding automatically according to the desired time. This automatic fish feeding device can act as a timer for fish feeding and the amount of food released per time is determined automatically in the Arduino ide program. This automatic fish feed has a time input which is then processed by the NodeMCU ESP8266 as a microcontroller and an internet connection (Wifi) connected to the blynk. This automatic fish feed is very useful for consumers in terms of feeding fish regularly and regularly, and most importantly to avoid forgetting or even overfeeding.

Trade-offs between economic benefits and environmental impacts in non-grain expansion: a case study in the eastern plain of China.

China has experienced a boom expansion of non-grain production in recent years. While the non-grain production can increase the economic benefits of farmers, its expansion has significant impacts on the ecological environment and agricultural sustainability. This study attempted to assess the trade-offs between the economic benefits and environmental costs of non-grain production and to provide reference for future land use management. Focusing on the non-grain expansion in Tongxiang City, eastern China, empirical models and field surveys were used to evaluate its environmental impacts and monetary analysis was used to assess the trade-offs between the economic benefits and environmental costs. The results showed that the area of non-grain production increased by 2464.74 ha from 2005 to 2020, and pond fish farming accounted for the largest proportion. The economic benefits and environmental costs of non-grain production increased continuously during 2005-2020, and the net economic-environmental benefits gradually expanded after 2010. Trade-off analysis indicates that the economic benefits of duck rearing did not compensate for the environmental costs, while the other non-grain productions did. Nevertheless, the potential impact of non-grain conversion on the local environment is still underestimated. Some suggestions are proposed to achieve a win-win situation between cultivated land utilization and ecological protection.

A Review on Freshwater Pond Fish Farming in Cambodia

A Review on Freshwater Pond Fish Farming in Cambodia

Hardware Realization of Long Range (LoRa) Based Telemetry System for Aquaculture Monitoring

Freshwater fish farming must pay attention to the condition of the water content in the pond and the water quality in the pond. Fish will feel comfortable if the efficiency of oxygen levels and pond water content is maintained. Freshwater fish farming needs to optimize crop yields so as not to get losses. The problem that is often encountered is that many fish die in the pond due to lack of water. Irrigation channels leading to fishponds experience blockages. The smoothness of the irrigation channel affects the volume of water in the pond. Blockage of irrigation channels is usually due to garbage trapped in irrigation, causing dirty water to settle and water sequestration to occur in the pond. This tool system aims to improve water quality and increase the efficiency of oxygen levels by using TDS and ultrasonic sensors. The parameter value on the sensor affects the work of the tool actuator. The tool actuator is a water pump that is used as a substitute for irrigation channels and an aerator motor to increase dissolved oxygen in water by moving the propeller on the surface of the pond water. Wireless technology is used for data communication. Because the land of freshwater fish farming ponds is a large area and is far from settlements, wireless communication is suitable for enabling easy and fast access to information and services. In this research, the testing methods used are functional testing and system performance testing. Functional testing is used to prove whether the system that has been implemented can meet the requirements of operational functions as planned. System performance testing is intended to monitor several parameters that can show the ability and reliability of the system in carrying out its operational functions. The result of the overall test is the LoRa communication distance that can communicate up to about 1000 meters, proving that LoRa technology has a strong enough ability in terms of range wireless communication. The PLE (Path Loss Exponent) of the LoRa module with 100 meters in LoS (indoor) conditions is 7.77, while in nLoS conditions in obstructed in-building, it is 10.13. The average error of the ultrasonic sensor type JSN SR-04T is 0.16% and has a difference of ± 1 cm. The TDS sensor with dissolved pool water content has an average value of 142.6 ppm with an error value of 1.05%. The PDAM water content has an average value of 112.1 ppm with a sensor value of 1.38%. The water content of the lime and detergent mixture has the highest observed ppm value, which is an average of 737.33 ppm, with a sensor error of 0.14%. The water pump activates when the pool water is low (when the ultrasonic distance reaches 60 cm), and the aerator activates when the water content is contaminated (when the TDS sensor value exceeds 500 ppm).

Scientific approach in justification of monitoring and bioremediation of natural reservoirs in the suburban area

The relevance of the study is explained by the need to form a scientific approach to monitoring and bioremediation of pond reservoirs located in suburban areas. Further climate change, population growth, and excessive water intake lead to a decrease of restoration functions of water bodies and an increase of the HAB (Harmful Algal Bloom) effect. Suburban areas combine features of rural and urban lifestyles. At these territories, pond fish farming is intensively developed, and a space-time continuum with Push-pull strategies is being formed. The fishery complex of the Russian South is on the rise. It constantly requires applying of innovations. The essence of the research hypothesis was to define economic motivators for the development of pond fish farming in a suburban area, and to substantiate scientific approach to monitoring and bioremediation of water bodies. The represented materials reveal the tools for the development and using of automated devices and smart technologies in biosphere monitoring. Also the materials describe the tools for promotion of environmentally friendly technologies (bioremediation in the pond business). It is shown that such key requirements as mobility, efficiency, and using of green technologies, including bioremediation, become more and more significant for the development of pond fish farming in suburban areas. =

ASSESSMENT OF RISKS OF NET FISH FARMING DEVELOPMENT IN LAKE SEVAN, RA

Fish farming in mesh ponds is a means of countering emerging threats and a more effecttive way to develop intensive fishing. This makes it possible to economically use water, the environment, and minimize the environmental recycling system. At the same time, a number of environmental risks arise, especially qualitative changes in the waters of Lake Sevan, genetic changes in endemic fish species, conflict of stakeholders, therefore, the article also proposed the main possible ways to reduce risks. As a scientific novelty, it was proposed to consider the main ways to reduce the negative risks of the development of net fishing by creating centralized systems for the chain of breeding, processing and sale of fish products, organizing local production of equipment used on net farms, and local production of fish feed.

Inventorying the Broodstocks of Belarusian Carp Breeds and Herbivorus Fish Species by the Genes of the Most Economically Valuable Traits to Maximize the Use of the Physiological Potential of a Fish Organism to Increase Fish Productivity in Ecological Conditions of Intensive Pond Fish Farming

One of the most promising marker genes for assessing and predicting animal meat productivity is the myostatin gene (MSTN). The protein encoded by this gene regulates the development of muscle tissue in various species of terrestrial and aquatic vertebrates. Mutations of the myostatin gene may lead to a twofold and in some cases even a threefold increase in muscle mass in the individuals of different species. Studies are underway to test the breeders of the Belarusian mirror carp and herbivorous fish species for the presence of mutations in the myostiatin gene (MSTN). When revising the broodstock of a new species of the Belarusian mirror carp, the effectiveness of using mutations of the MSTN gene associated with an economically valuable trait of fish productivity and mass accumulation has been established. The fish capacity of the juvenile mirror carp obtained during the reproduction of test breeders, where one parent was a GG homozygote and the other was an AG heterozygote with a mutation by the MSTN gene, was 1.3-1.7 times higher compared to the average productivity in the experimental and control groups and it showed a better productivity indicator for the control groups by 1.1-1.5 times. When testing silver carp and bighead carp selected for study (in Belarus and Uzbekistan), no mutations in the myostatin gene (MSTN) were found.

Budidaya Ikan Lele Di Kolam Terpal Bundar Di Desa Padang Jaya Kecamatan Padang Jaya Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara

Padang Jaya Village is a village located in the Padang Jaya District, North Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Province. Padang Jaya Village is a Village With the majority of community work dominated by farmers or planters, Padang Jaya Village has various potential natural resource wealth, one of the potentials that can be empowered is freshwater fish farming. In order to increase economic value and reduce unemployment, Padang Jaya Village also has a role which is very strategic in terms of providing fish resources and freshwater fish productivity land. However, fish farmers in Padang Jaya Village are currently still using conventional technology where they do fish farming in earthen ponds with large areas of land and Some pond locations are located far from home, besides that in Padang Jaya Village when heavy rains fall there are often floods that cause, there are pond ripens that break so that fish in the pond are carried away by the current causes losses to farmers, especially in fish that are large or ready to be harvested. In order to help solve the problems of fish farmers in Padang Jaya Village, community service activities were carried out by providing counseling on catfish farming in round tarpaulin ponds in Padang Kaya Village, Padang Jaya District, North Bengkulu Regency. Knowledge of techniques or how to cultivate catfish in round tarpaulin ponds and understand the use of tarpaulin ponds as an alternative to increasing additional income in limited land conditions in this case in the yard of the house, besides that farmed fish are easy to control, free from flooding and easy water treatment and fish farmers in Padang Jaya Village get additional income through the sale of farmed catfish. . With the right understanding and ability to do fish farming in round tarpaulin ponds as a form of contribution to increase income generation and have an impact on improving the welfare of the community in Padang Jaya, Padang Jaya District.

Profiling of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and multi drug resistance (MDR) of &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/em&gt; isolates from livestock, wild animals and an ornamental fish farm in Polgahawela, Sri Lanka

The pattern of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the prevalence of multi drug resistance (MDR) of Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from livestock, wild animals and an ornamental fish farm were investigated in a selected area in Polgahawela, Sri Lanka. Sampling area of one square Km containing an ornamental fish farm, a broiler farm, cattle, goat, and backyard poultry which are located separately within the sampling area but not in an integrated farming system with its associated wildlife was mapped using GPS. Faecal samples were examined from 89 wild animals (terrestrial and avian species), 28 livestock animals (including poultry) as well as 40 samples from an ornamental fish farm (fish faecal material, pond water and pond sediment). E. coli was isolated using standard methods and AMR profiles were investigated for 12 antimicrobials using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Sixty nine percent (62/89) of wild animals and 86% (24/28) of livestock samples were positive for E. coli whereas the isolation rate was 17.5% (7/40) in the samples from the ornamental fish farm. A maximum of two randomly selected E. coli isolates from each sample, making a total of 164 isolates were tested for AMR of which 114, 43 and 7 were from wild animals, livestock and the ornamental fish farm, respectively. The E. coli isolates tested against 12 antimicrobials reflected that the proportions of E. coli isolates resistant to at least one antimicrobial were 30%, 63% and 71% in wild animals, livestock and the ornamental fish farm, respectively. Multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates were detected in wild animals, livestock and the samples from ornamental fish farm. Overall, according to the statistical analysis, E. coli isolated from livestock and the ornamental fish farm reflected a significantly higher chance of carrying AMR compared with E. coli from wild animals.

Pricing of Fisheries Microinsurance Premiums using the Poisson-Exponential Aggregate Distribution Approach

Engaged in pond aquaculture is currently an attractive choice amid the high demand for fish in the market. Entrepreneurial opportunities in the pond fish farming sector are increasingly open, although the risk of crop failure remains, both due to weather factors and livestock processes. Crop failure can have a significant financial impact on pond fishery farmers. Therefore, there is a need for special insurance to protect against financial losses due to risks that can occur, namely Micro Fisheries Insurance. Microinsurance is a type of insurance product specifically designed for people with low income levels, offers features and administration that is simple, easily accessible, has an economical price, and a fast compensation settlement process. The focus of this study is to calculate premium prices by applying an aggregate risk model approach. The data used are the number of events and the magnitude of losses due to crop failure in shrimp pond cultivation in Pandeglang Regency in the period January 1, 2019-January 1, 2021. Data on the number of events follow the Poisson distribution, while data on the magnitude of losses follow the Exponential distribution. Next, it uses the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method to calculate parameter estimation. The average and variance of aggregate risk is used to determine the size of the premium. The premium selection results in this study amounted to Rp42,005,600. The amount of the premium reflects the collective premium resulting from the calculation based on the standard deviation principle.