Field Of Labor Protection Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

In the modern world, the oil and gas industry plays a key role in ensuring the energy security of countries. An important problem of this industry is the high level of accidents on main pipelines. The importance of issues of ensuring the safety of production processes and working conditions of personnel is obvious: accidents that occur at enterprises can paralyze work for a long time, attracting the attention of the media and regulatory authorities, causing not only financial but also significant image damage. In connection with the above, the analysis and statistical study of accidents in this area have become relevant in recent years. Occupational safety measures include risk assessment at workplaces, briefings, medical examinations, provision of personnel with personal protective equipment, special assessment of workplaces, occupational safety days, etc. In order to restore the technical and economic indicators of the oil and gas industry, increase reliability and trouble-free operation, complexes of measures are carried out to repair, reconstruct and modernize the components of the main gas pipeline. Ensuring industrial safety during repair work depends on both the reliability of the process equipment and the reliability of the personnel, since a significant number of accidents and incidents occur due to reasons related to the influence of the human factor. Many studies have been devoted to the problem of management in the field of labor protection and ensuring safety at work. Despite the significant number of works, a practical lack of developments on the issues of managing the processes of ensuring safety and labor protection at enterprises in the oil and gas industry has been discovered, which indicates the need for a more in-depth study of this topic.

Digital technologies in the fi eld of labor protection and industrial safety — trends and cases of the industry

Digital technologies in the fi eld of labor protection and industrial safety — trends and cases of the industry

Basics of worker safety under the draft Labour Code of Ukraine

The article analyses the draft Labour Code of Ukraine with regard to legal regulation of safety and health of employees.
 The author examines in detail Book Three «Safety and Health of Employees» of the draft Labour Code of Ukraine. It is established that this book contains the provisions of the draft Law of Ukraine «On Safety and Health of Workers at Work», which form a new system of management in this area.
 The article analyses the state of implementation of the Council Directive 89/391/EEC, Council Directive 89/654/EEC of 30 November 1989 on minimum safety and health requirements in work areas; Council Directive 92/85/EEC of 19 October 1992 on measures to improve the safety and health at work of pregnant, recently given birth or lactating workers; Council Directive 94/33/EC of 22 June 1994 on the protection of young people at work in national legal practice.
 The author analyses the current regulatory legal acts in the field of labour protection and draws attention to the need to update the national labour legislation. The main areas of reform in the field of safety are highlighted, namely: general requirements for occupational safety and health protection at workplaces, machine safety, electrical equipment safety, personal protective equipment, use of explosives, mining operations and noise protection.
 The author establishes that the draft Labour Code of Ukraine provides for a change of legal emphasis from «labour safety» or «labour protection» to the European principle of «employee safety». The consequence of implementing this principle in practice will be the achievement of complete elimination or minimisation of risks to the life and health of each employee.
 The author examines the rules governing the safety and health of certain categories of employees, namely, female employees (pregnant employees, employees who have recently given birth and breastfeeding employees), employees under the age of 18, employees with disabilities. Concludes that the draft Labour Code of Ukraine does not pay due attention to the specifics of work of employees who have children under the age of three, or have a child with a disability, or are raising a child on their own, which requires further elaboration.
 Proposals are made regarding the need to enshrine in the draft Labour Code of Ukraine the minimum amount of funding for expenses incurred at the expense of the employer for the safety and health of employees at work.

Mediation in the administrative process

The article is devoted to the issues of the peculiarities of mediation in the administrative process of Ukraine as a kind of alternative methods of conflict resolution, which needs improvement and development, taking into account international norms and national needs.
 It was found that in the process of reforming the judicial and law enforcement system, the issue of simplified dispute resolution procedures became relevant, in particular, we are talking about alternative methods (mediation, negotiations, etc.). This approach will make it possible to relieve the courts, speed up the resolution of disputes and help maintain friendly relations between the parties participating in the mediation process.
 It was emphasized that in Ukraine there are a number of cases in administrative proceedings that can be resolved in an alternative way. Alternative means of resolving administrative disputes will allow dynamic resolution of conflicts, in particular those related to traffic accidents, offenses in the field of labor protection and others, the settlement of which is possible under the legislation of Ukraine through the mediation procedure.
 It is noted that the Law of Ukraine "On Mediation” is in effect in Ukraine, the norms of which determine the peculiarities of mediation in civil, economic, administrative proceedings, in the field of notarial activity, modify social relations and require the use of special techniques, methods and methods of regulating mediation relations in legal processes.
 Attention is focused on the fact that for mediation in the administrative process it is important to observe the norms of ethical behavior, in particular, the mediator's code of ethics. In Ukraine today, the unified rules of ethical behavior of the mediator and participants in the mediation process are not legislated. Such rules are adopted by public associations based on the European Code of Conduct for Mediators.
 In administrative and legal practice, the experience of mediation is new, but, as practice shows, it is promising and in demand. The mediation procedure will help resolve the dispute positively for all parties, saving time and money as much as possible, and will also help the parties remain on good terms with each other.

Problems of organizing and conducting control and supervisory measures in the field of labor protection

The article discusses the problems that arise during the conduct of control and supervisory activities on the part of regulatory authorities. The qualification requirements for state labor inspectors, problems of a moral and ethical nature during inspections are considered, the need to divide labor inspectors into legal and technical ones is considered. Proposals have been formulated to improve the interaction between controlled persons and state labor inspectors.

The Relationship Between the Strategy of Russian Companies and Their Policies in the Field of Human Capital

In modern conditions of instability of the national economic system, the question of effective strategic planning and implementation of an organizational strategy covering all levels of the corporation becomes relevant. The post-pandemic period and the shock year 2022 for many Russian companies forced the top management of many corporations to respon3d flexibly to the current realities of the global market, changing previous strategies. Interesting in this regard are the factors that shape the organizational strategies of the corporations under study. The author presents an attempt to analyze the effectiveness of Russian companies from the chosen type of strategy in relation to the policy in the field of use of human capital. In particular, economically important companies using classical planned and classical process strategies are considered. Based on the study, it was revealed that there is a relationship between organizational strategy and management policy in the field of human capital; moreover, the higher it is, the more successful companies are (expressed in caring for employees). Also, as a distinctive factor shaping organizational strategies, the author identified the policy in the field of labor protection and industrial safety (which is a feature of companies with a classic process strategy).

Обучение рабочих и специалистов для горнодобывающей отрасли в аспекте безопасности труда

Labor safety in the mining industry is a set of measures aimed at improving the production environment that affects the health and operability of a person at work and the continuous professional development of employees. The objective assessment of safety of all stages of the production process is a crucial aspect of the enterprise’s activities. It is based on compliance with the requirements of regulatory authorities in the field of labor protection and industrial safety, occupational standards as characteristics of labor conditions, qualifications and professional competence of an employee, as well as compliance with the federal state educational standards as a basis of training of a specialist or a worker who are the main participants of the technological process in mining. The formation of professional competencies of each employee that ensure safe operation at the site or enterprise, the in-depth knowledge, development of operational algorithms, and the skill to perform technological operations at the workplace primarily depend on the basic education of employees obtained under the programs of secondary vocational education. The Federal State Educational Standards existing since 2013 became outdated and were gradually updated in 2022–2023. The training terms were normatively determined within the framework of the federal project «Professionalism» which aimed to resume close cooperation between educational organizations and enterprises. Educational organizations were enabled to increase the time to practice. The qualification of graduates under skilled worker training programs has become universal and does not specify the type of activity, whereas a new type of professional activity, namely ensuring the functioning of the occupational health and industrial safety management system at the site (or enterprise), was introduced for midlevel specialists. All this should ensure the future training of new personnel in compliance with the requirements of Federal Law of July 21, 1997 № 116–FZ «On industrial safety of hazardous production facilities» and the Russian Federation Government Decree of August 17, 2016 № 806 «On application of the risk-oriented approach in the organization of certain types of state control (supervision) and introducing amendments to some acts of the Government of the Russian Federation».

The Relevance of Acquiring of Legal Knowledge Concerning Labor Protection, Fire Safety, Sanitary and Epidemiological Regime for Health Care Professionals

The acquisition of legal knowledge pertaining to labor protection, fire safety, and sanitary and epidemiological regime is crucial for healthcare professionals, underscoring a multifaceted relevance in their field. Primarily, such knowledge ensures the safety and well-being of both healthcare workers and patients. Understanding labor protection laws helps healthcare professionals recognize their rights and responsibilities, leading to safer work environments. This knowledge is pivotal in preventing occupational hazards, which are prevalent in healthcare settings, including exposure to infectious diseases, chemical substances, and physical strain. Furthermore, legal knowledge in these areas enhances the professional competency of healthcare workers, promoting a comprehensive approach to patient care and facility management. It empowers healthcare professionals to advocate for better working conditions and patient safety, reflecting their commitment to ethical and legal standards in healthcare. The key aspects of the work program under the normative educational component "Occupational safety and occupational safety in the industry" in the training of specialists of the second (master's) level of higher education in the specialty 226 "Pharmacy, industrial pharmacy", specialization 226.01 "Pharmacy" of the field of knowledge 22 "Health care" were analyzed I". The training of future occupational health and safety specialists is aimed at the formation of professional skills and knowledge necessary for effective work in the modern pharmaceutical environment of occupational safety and health. The study determined the priority directions of the educational process: legislative regulation in the field of labor protection, fire safety, and the sanitary-epidemiological regime in pharmacy. The relevance of acquiring legal knowledge of labor protection, fire safety, sanitary and epidemiological regime by future healthcare sector specialists were substantiated. The presented conclusions and recommendations can serve as a basis for further improvement of the educational process and training of masters who will successfully implement their knowledge in practice, ensuring a high level of safety and efficiency in the pharmaceutical industry.

ЭФФЕКТИВНАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛьНОСТь ПЕДАГОГА — ПОКАЗАТЕЛь ПРОФЕССИОНАЛьНОГО ЗДОРОВьЯ

Ensuring labor protection and safety in the workplace is the responsibility of the employer. It is necessary to systematically carry out procedures aimed at improving working conditions and increasing the level of preparedness for actions in the conditions of localizing and eliminating the consequences of realized professional risks. One of the directions of state policy in the field of labor protection is the creation of conditions for the development of a healthy lifestyle. Note that the lives of many people are characterized by a lack of time, chronic fatigue and stressful situations. Permanent stress at work can become a source of professional burnout. This article examines teaching staff whose work is characterized by high responsibility and emotional intensity. The effectiveness of teachers’ work activities depends not only on the correct organization of educational and educational work, but also on their well-being. The professional health of teachers has a direct relationship with the level of training and education of the younger generation. Therefore, it is especially important to study the psychosocial factors that influence the professional health of teaching staff, to solve problems related to eliminating production stress and optimizing working conditions. The purpose of the work was to study the main symptoms of professional burnout and their impact on professional performance.

Improving the training of employees of logging enterprises in the field of labor protection

The improvement of the traditional training system is currently relevant due to the complexity of technology and production processes, especially logging. Improving the effectiveness of training is possible due to the widespread use of digitalization of training. The purpose of the work is to determine the directions of application of new digital technologies to improve the effectiveness of training in the field of labor protection at logging enterprises. The use of electronic courses and multimedia technologies along with traditional training makes the learning process more informative, the use of electronic simulators and simulators allows you to work out practical working skills. The most modern teaching methods include the use of augmented and virtual reality technologies, artificial intelligence, which can significantly increase interest in learning and its effectiveness.

РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ОХРАНЫ ТРУДА ЗА РУБЕЖОМ: ПОДХОДЫ, МОДЕЛИ, ПРАКТИКА

The relevance of the work is due to the need to study new approaches to labor protection in many countries, increasing safety requirements driven by the dynamic development of technologies, and growing public attention to workers' health and safety issues. The object of the study is the systems of state regulation of labor protection in the USA, UK, Australia, China, South Korea, Japan, Kazakhstan, and developing economies of the African region. The goal of the paper is to identify and assess the features, models, mechanisms, and tools that ensure labor safety in these countries, as well as the basic principles of state management of labor protection that can be useful for regulating and developing the domestic labor protection system. The research methods include data analysis, synthesis, comparison, induction, and deduction. As a result, the norms of the current foreign legislation in the field of labor protection were analyzed and the main approaches to its state regulation within the framework of the law enforcement practice of these states were classified. Based on the results of the study, proposals were also formulated aimed at improving the regulation of labor protection in Russia.

EUROPEAN INTEGRATION OF UKRAINE IN THE FIELD OF LABOUR PROTECTION: RADICAL CHANGES AND NEW LEGISLATION

In the modern world, with the development of new technologies in many spheres of industrial activity and the development of society, there is an urgent need to apply the latest approaches in the field of labour protection, or as they say in Europe, in the field of safety and health of workers at work. This is not surprising, given that any legislation will always lag behind the development of science and technology. Such a situation is formed because the legislation establishes requirements and measures for safe working methods for existing means of production. But it is clear that development does not stand still, and science and technology always develop and progress, new technologies that are actively implemented in industries. This, in turn, is the main reason that legislation largely lags behind the pace of technology development. Looking at the high technological and economic development of European countries, as well as their experience in the field of labour protection, we understand that they would not have reached such a high level of production development without the introduction of effective systems for managing the safety and health of workers at work. That is why it seems appropriate to us that it is worth paying attention to the European experience in labour protection. In this study, the authors analysed a new draft Law of Ukraine "On Safety and Health of Workers at Work", which will replace the current Law of Ukraine "On Labour Protection". This analysis makes it possible to adapt the draft law to European practices to create an effective, risk-oriented system of labour protection management in Ukraine. Keywords: labour protection, safety and health of workers at work, legislation on safety and health of workers at work.

Improving the process of investigating industrial accidents using the focal object method

One of the important tasks of implementing the state policy in the field of labor protection is to ensure prompt and objective investigation of industrial accidents. The purpose of the study is to improve the quality of legal support for the investigation process and the objectivity of accident investigation. The article deals with the issues of improving the process of investigation of industrial accidents using heuristic methods, in particular, the method of focal objects. The process of applying the focal object method is investigated, indicating all the main stages and key properties of random objects. A brief review of the authors' publications on improving the process of investigating industrial accidents is made. The author considers the issues of interrelation between the processes of special investigation and investigation within criminal proceedings. The author analyzes the works of researchers on the possibility of using heuristic methods to obtain new modifications of methods and processes by applying the focal object method. As a result of the analysis of modern research methods, the author substantiates the possibility and effectiveness of applying the focal object method not only to objects, but also to processes, in particular, to the process of accident investigation. The article proposes a set of tools for obtaining, forming and evaluating ideas through free associations that arise in the process of combining various properties of focal objects. An approach to the formation of individual elements and the structure of the composition of key properties of random objects is proposed. The results of research based on the obtained ideas are presented in the form of specific useful solutions. The author indicates the ways of synchronizing the processes of special investigation carried out by the accident investigation commission and the investigation carried out within the framework of criminal proceedings by pre-trial investigation bodies. The author also considers the issues of developing strategies and measures aimed at improving the process of legal support for the investigation of industrial accidents

Legal support of labor protection standards under martial law

Purpose. To study the peculiarities of legal provision of labor protection issues in crisis conditions, in particular in conditions of military operations, to propose conditions-indicators and additions to legislative provisions for the improvement of legal regulation in this area and harmonization of the labor law norms introduced during the war with the existing norms of legislation. Methodology. General and special methods of cognition are used: content analysis – to establish that even indirect influence of military actions is a significant factor in industrial injuries; formal-legal method – to substantiate the need to take into account impact of complex risks on employees’ life and health; special-legal method – to propose proactive approach and system of local regulatory acts; logical generalization – to establish that military actions cause new grounds for the employer’s legal responsibility. Findings. It is indicated that peculiarities of legal provision of labor protection issues in the conditions of martial law require the introduction of changes and additions. It is indicated that the influence of complex risks in cases of threats to employees, which include industrial and military circumstances, needs legal clarification. The legal substantiation for the need to take into account the impact of complex risks in case of industrial injury cases is provided. Legal tools for assessing impact of complex risks, in particular re-certification of workplaces, are proposed. Originality. A proactive approach is proposed for leveling consequences of risks to working conditions by preparing employees for possible threats by implementing systematic, echeloned labor protection policy. The system of local normative acts of the enterprise should be the instrument of this policy. Indicator conditions and additions to legislative provisions are proposed. Practical value. The developed recommendations will contribute to the legal regulation of labor protection and the harmonization of new norms of labor law with the existing norms of legislation in the field of labor protection.

THE COMPETENCY-BASED APPROACH IN A NEW MODEL OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES IN THE FIELD OF LABOR PROTECTION USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE OIL INDUSTRY OF KAZAKHSTAN

The article considers the methodological basis of the competency-based approach in a new model of training and development of professional competencies in the field of labor protection using the example of the oil industry of Kazakhstan. The largest companies in the oil industry in Kazakhstan are global public companies, which are influenced by both interested parties in the Republic of Kazakhstan, consumers of products abroad, and regulatory bodies of international, public, and financial institutions. This means that basic legislative obligations in the field of occupational health and safety need to be met well, while incorporating voluntary initiatives and international best practice. Over the past fifteen years, the scope of the H&S profession has expanded from engineering and physical sciences to psychology, human factors and ergonomics, management, and injury risk management. The focus has shifted from safety, which is a “hard”, purely technical, and practical endeavor, to “soft parameters” such as non-hazardous behavior, awareness, and responsibility. This expanding content and intellectual demand, in turn, has led to increased complexity and expanded competencies of the occupational safety professional.

ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ У РОЗПОДІЛІ ДОХОДІВ НАСЕЛЕННЯ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ РИЗИКІВ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

The article examines current trends in the distribution of incomes of the Ukraine’s population under the conditions of the risks of martial law. The article includes an analysis of the latest research and publications on the issue, and also considers the practical aspects of the analysis of income distribution by key indicators: Gini index and Lorenz curve. The purpose of the article is to justify the current trends in the formation of the population's income in Ukraine in the conditions of combating the risks of wartime. The article examines the historical aspects of population income formation by representatives of various scientific schools, as well as analyzed statistical data on the aggregate resources of Ukrainian households, the differentiation of the population’s standard of living and its distribution by the level of average per capita income. The article provides an analysis of the existing parameters of the population’s income under the conditions of the introduction of martial law in Ukraine. In general, the real situation with economic inequality and poverty in Ukraine requires decisive actions from the government – from revising state social guarantees to reforms in the field of labor protection, encouraging retraining, mastering innovative (digital) products, comprehensive measures in the field of education, medicine, health care etc.

CURRENT ISSUES OF LABOR PROTECTION IN JAPAN

The article considers the state monitoring on labor protection issues at Japanese enterprises. A brief overview of Japan's experience in this field has been compiled. At the same time, the regulation of employees at Japanese enterprises is being considered. The article analyzes the legislative framework of regulation and the occupational safety system in Japan. The features of Japanese laws regulating labor relations and determining the order of work are also analyzed. The article also analyzes the causes of the aggravated problem of physical fatigue and mental stress working in Japan. It should be noted that the safety and health of workers in Japan are the main goal of the state's social policy. Undoubtedly, the social and moral aspects of the issue are of great importance. Economic losses from harmful and dangerous working conditions should also be taken into account. It should be noted that the health protection of working Japanese has become one of the most acute social problems in Japan. At the same time, according to Japanese researchers, stress at work is to a certain extent an inevitable phenomenon. According to their data, the mental and physical health of workers is deteriorating due to the increasing burden of economic difficulties in recent years. The scientific justification of this process is aimed at finding, adapting, developing and testing the best international practices and ways to introduce the latest forms of digital statistical reporting tools, which is impossible without a retrospective analysis. At the moment, the state policy in the field of labor protection has a preventive orientation, which is reflected in the need to automate the processes of forming and implementing statistical observations of the state of labor protection. This should be preceded by work to radically improve the domestic system of statistical observations, taking into account the best practices of Japan.

THE MAIN STAGES OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL INSURANCE ADMINISTRATION OF THE POLISH REPUBLIC

In the first part of the review article devoted to the history of the development and formation of the Social Insurance Administration of the Republic of Poland, the main stages of its formation are considered. The prerequisites for its occurrence and the current structure are analyzed through the use of comparative and factor analysis, retrospective and statistical-analytical research methods. The existing national statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a tool for collecting and accumulating information on the nomenclature list of occupational diseases, injuries and fatal accidents as part of their monitoring, as well as creating a database of statistical data, does not take into account the influence of many negative factors of the working environment. In this regard, at the national level, there is a need for a unified approach to strategic static studies of all types of negative factors of the working environment, working conditions. The scientific justification of this process is aimed at finding, adapting, developing and testing the best international practices and ways to introduce the latest forms of digital statistical reporting tools, which is impossible without a retrospective analysis. At the moment, the state policy in the field of labor protection has a preventive orientation, which is reflected in the need to automate the processes of forming and implementing statistical observations of the state of labor protection. This should be preceded by work to radically improve the domestic system of statistical observations, taking into account the best practices of the OECD countries. One of such striking examples is Poland's developments based on its own historical background, as well as on modern principles, standards and approaches of Eurostat.

Social Responsibility of Enterprises in the System of Comprehensive Work Safety Management

The purpose of the article is to study the role of socially responsible behavior of enterprises in the system of integrated labor protection management and to determine its features in the conditions of martial law. It has been proven that the integrated management of occupational health and safety at the enterprise is a systematic approach to organizing and ensuring the safety and health of the enterprise’s employees, which involves coordination, planning, implementation and control of measures aimed at preventing risks and ensuring the safety and well-being of employees, and is based on based on the principles of management leadership, employee participation, risk identification and assessment, implementation of security measures, monitoring and analysis, continuous improvement. It was determined that the main aspects of the social responsibility of enterprises during wartime include ensuring the safety of workers at workplaces, supporting workers and their families, ensuring sustainable operations during a military conflict, preserving production and jobs, participating in public initiatives, observing ethical principles, etc. The peculiarities of the social responsibility of enterprises in the field of labor protection in terms of occupational safety, health of workers, interaction and communication, compliance with social standards and social influence are systematized. In order to promote the development of a safety culture and increase the level of social responsibility of enterprises in the field of labor protection at the state level, a number of measures have been proposed, including the development of a system of standards, criteria and indicators for classifying companies as socially responsible, spreading the experience of social policy of successful corporations in in the field of labor protection, implementation of a campaign to popularize labor safety, creation of a system of financial incentives for enterprises with a high level of social responsibility in the field of labor protection, etc. The direction of further research can be scientific substantiation of effective mechanisms of interaction of state authorities with local self-government bodies, associations of employers and entrepreneurs, trade unions and other organizations in order to implement state policy in the field of labor protection.

METROLOGICAL PROVISION OF WORKPLACE CERTIFICATION ACCORDING TO WORKING CONDITIONS

The purpose of the study is to determine the requirements for research methods, measurements with the help of FTA of harmful and dangerous production factors, which will allow to ensure a high level of attestation of workplaces according to working conditions. The task of the research includes consideration of issues related to ensuring the unity of measurements in the field of labor safety, compliance of metrological activity in the specified field with the requirements of current legislation in the field of metrology. The task of the research is also to identify problems related to the methodological support of laboratory research in the field of occupational safety, the absence of metrological requirements for laboratory research methods, metrological confirmation of FTAs, which are intended to perform workplace attestation. Currently, there are separate scientific works on the development of standard procedures for measuring dangerous or harmful factors of the production environment, there is an established norm for any harmful parameter, but there is no national order in the methodology of measuring each parameter. Individual measurement methods do not have the status of a normative legal act. Thus, at present, there are no legal acts regulating mandatory methods of measuring the parameters of harmful factors of the production environment and the labor process during workplace attestation. Analyzing regulatory documents, it can be concluded that from the main documents establishing the standardization of some factors of the working environment, the accuracy of measurements was established only for microclimate parameters. It should be concluded that in the field of labor protection, the state of ensuring the unity of measurements cannot be recognized as satisfactory. Summing up, we can come to the disappointing conclusion that for a reliable assessment of working conditions in workplaces, it is necessary to follow the methods of measurement and calculation of measurement uncertainty, which, unfortunately, are not always set out in mandatory documents. Keywords: harmful and dangerous factors, certification of the workplace, uncertainty of measurements, checking, verification.