Female Hair Research Articles

Discuss the Social Pressure of Douyin on Female Hair Removal Behavior through Questionary

The research discusses the impact of Douyin, a popular social media, on the pressure of female hair removal behavior. It opens with an introduction to the Douyin platform and the characteristics of its pushing mechanism, including personalized content recommendations and homogenized content with big data. The author summarizes and analyzes the results of eighty questionnaires administered to female users of Douyin, taking into account the status of women as aesthetic objects in Chinese history and the evolution of beauty standards.

Effects of Aging on Hair Color, Melanosomes, and Melanin Composition in Japanese Males and Their Sex Differences.

In a previous study, we observed that the hair color of Japanese females darkens with age and that the causes of this are the increase in melanosome size, the amount of melanin, and the mol% of 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) which has a high absorbance. In this study, we extended the same analyses to male hair to examine the sex differences in hair color, melanin composition, and melanosome morphology. Male hair also tended to darken with age, but it was darker than female hair in those of younger ages. Although there was no age dependence of DHI mol% in male hair, as with female hair, the melanosomes' sizes enlarged with age, the total melanin amount increased, and these findings were correlated with hair color. The analyses, considering age dependence, revealed that there were significant sex differences in the ratio of absorbance of dissolved melanin at the wavelength of 650 nm to 500 nm, in pheomelanin mol%, and in melanosome morphology parameters such as the minor axis. This may be the cause of the sex differences in hair color. Furthermore, the factors related to hair color were analyzed using all the data of the male and female hairs. The results suggested that total melanin amount, pheomelanin mol%, and DHI mol% correlated with hair color.

Oxidant/Antioxidant Status and Certain Trace Elements Relationship in Hair Goats Naturally Infected by Neospora caninum

This study was performed to determine the prevalence of Neospora caninum in female hair goats raised in different locations of the Siirt province of Turkey, and to investigate the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), Zinc (Zn), and Copper (Cu) levels of the infected goats. The animal material of the study consists of a total of 184 female hair goats that are between 1 to 6 years old with the random sampling method. Investigation of the N.caninum antibodies was then performed using a commercial ELISA kit. The results of the ELISA tests reveal that the prevalence of N. caninum in the province of Siirt was 10.33% (19/184) positive, 7.61% (14/184) suspected, and 82.07% (151/184) negative. According to the ELISA test results, 10 seropositive and 10 seronegative sera samples were used in the TAS, TOS, Zn, and Cu analysis. The TAS (p<0.01) and Zn (p<0.001) levels of goats positive with N. caninum were found to be lower compared to those of the seronegative goats, while their TOS and Cu levels were higher (p<0.05). This study was the first to determine the N.caninum prevalence in the goats raised in the province of Siirt. It was concluded that it would be beneficial to take precautionary measures, as well as further studies with larger scopes to be performed which should also involve dogs as the final hosts. Furthermore, the oxidative stress parameters (TAS, TOS) and certain trace elements (Zn, Cu) were found to be affected by the Neosporosis, which should be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Comparative study of male and female human hair: A microscopic analysis.

The outer cuticle, middle cortex, and inner medulla make up hair, which is an epidermal outgrowth. Hair is resilient under harsh natural conditions, thus it is frequently collected at crime scenes, making human hair analysis important in the forensic sciences field. It aids in the formation of a triangle connecting a crime scene, a victim, and a culprit. The aim of this study is to observe the microscopic structure of male and female human hair. Samples of hair specimens from males and females were collected. The materials used were ethanol to degrease and a stereomicroscope to observe the structural differences between the male and female hair samples. The comparison between male and female hair is done on the grounds of color, shaft profiles, the proximal and distal ends of the hair, cuticle, and surface texture, and the other found characters. This study of comparison between male and female hair specimens revealed that the hair color at the distal end is found to be brown for females while it is completely black in that of males, and the surface texture of males is found to have some irregularities while there are no irregularities in female. This study can be concluded that the structural comparison between male and female hair specimens can be used as evidence for forensic analysis at crime scenes.

Meeting Review

![Figure][1]</img> This year’s Cowgirl Hair Loss Workshop was a virtual workshop featuring specifically female hair loss issues. The virtual format included meetings with a combination of lectures followed by questions and answers as well as viewing of live surgeries. Overall, this Cowgirl Hair

Women’s hair loss: pathophysiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects

The article presents a review of modern ukrainian and foreign publications on the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and diagnostics of female pattern hair loss (FPHL), which is a common type of hair loss and its frequency increases with age. The questions of terminology, disease prevalence, and risk factors of hair loss are considered. It is emphasized that FPHL is a clinical problem and that it is advisable to clarify the comorbid profile of female patients and to screen for metabolic disorders. There is still no complete understanding of the pathophysiology of FPHL. There is evidence that hormonal, genetic, and environmental factors are involved in the process of hair loss in women. Current data concerning systemic hormonal disturbances in ovarian and adrenal gland diseases in women as well as the importance of disorders of androgen-dependent mechanisms of regulation of the hair follicle growth cycle are presented.The attention is drawn to genetic abnormalities in the case of FPHL. The role of growth factors, cytokines, microinflammation, iron deficiency, perifollicular fibrosis, oxidative stress in regression of the hair follicle is considered. FPHL is characterized as non-scarring alopecia, which develops due to progressive miniaturization of hair follicles and further hair reduction, especially in the central (frontal and parietal) scalp, gradual replacement of long terminal hair by short pubic (vellus) hair. Three models of female hair loss, modern classification according to the stages of progression used in practice, possible causes of clinical differences in alopecia in men and women are presented. The main directions of diagnostics (history, clinical and laboratory examination, special dermatological tests) are outlined, the possibilities of modern noninvasive diagnostic method of dermoscopy are emphasized. Pharmacotherapy, recommended on the basis of evidence-based medicine, is limited to two drugs – topical minoxidil and systemic finasteride. The necessity of interdisciplinary approach to the management of patients with FPHL has been proved.

Socio-economic Impacts of Water Project on the Community Livelihood in Peri-urban of Tanzania: Case study Gairo District –Morogoro Region

This study analysed the socio-economic impacts of water project on the community livelihood in peri-urban Tanzania. It employed a cross-sectional research design, and a survey questionnaire was distributed to 353 households were randomly selected by probability sampling techniques. Data were analysed using the logistic regression model. The findings suggest that household’s access to water is positively affected by respondent’s years of schooling. Having one additional year of schooling may increase the chance to access to water services. Furthermore, the average household head’s monthly income was a significant explanatory variable at 1 percent level of significance. Besides, non-farm activities were significantly related to access to water. Nevertheless, the study identified four major economic activities that the community engaged in as a result of water accessibility: male and female hair salons, petty trading in village open auction, vegetable gardening and bodaboda. Of the four economic activities, petty trading in village open auction business is the most practiced. One can conclude that the existence of water projects promotes socio-economic development.

Health Utility Measures Among Patients with Androgenetic Alopecia After Hair Transplant.

Hair loss causes significant psychosocial distress to patients. Health utility measurements offer an objective, quantitative assessment of health-related quality of life (QOL). We performed a prospective cohort study on patients with hair loss between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020. Patient metrics were compared with layperson perception of alopecia, prospectively collected between August 1 and December 31, 2017. Health utility measures were quantified using the visual analog scale (VAS), standard gamble (SG), and time trade-off (TTO) in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and relative to the minimal clinically important difference (MCID). Bonferroni correction to the significance threshold was performed. Thirty-one patients with alopecia were compared with 237 laypeople. Patient metrics for female hair loss were all significantly lower than laypeople measures (VAS QALYs 0.65 ± 0.21 vs. 0.83 ± 0.18, p = 0.0001). Mean SG QALYs were lower for patients in the male alopecia state (0.86 ± 0.23 vs. 0.96 ± 0.12, p = 0.0278). Post-hair transplant improvement in TTO was significantly greater for patients (+ 0.08 ± 0.12 vs. + 0.02 ± 0.09, p = 0.0070) and significantly more often exceeded the MCID (45.2% vs. 16.9%, p = 0.0006). Alopecia negatively impacts QOL, and the true patient experience is more taxing than what is perceived by laypeople. Hair transplantation improves QOL more for male patients than common perception. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Trichoscopy in Healthy Adult Egyptian Females: Normal Values of Hair Measurable Parameters

Introduction: Documenting normal hair values through trichoscopy can provide a useful baseline when evaluating and treating hair loss in different populations. The aim of our study was to document normal values for measurable parameters of hair in adult Egyptian females. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 90 Egyptian females (age range 18–48 years), with no symptoms or signs of hair or scalp disease. Trichoscopy was performed in different scalp areas using FotoFinder Medicam 1000 videodermoscopy. Trichoscopy images were subjected to statistical processing using TrichoLAB system. Results: The frontal area demonstrated the highest number of hairs (190 ± 29/cm²), greatest average hair shaft thickness (63 ± 8 μm), greatest percentage of thick hairs (71% ± 12), highest mean cumulative hair thickness (12 ± 2 mm/cm²), and highest mean number of follicular units (82 ± 8/cm²). The temporal area showed the highest percentage of thin hairs (9% ± 5) and single-hair pilosebaceous units (23% ± 7), lowest mean number of hairs (154 ± 25/cm²), least average hair shaft thickness (60 ± 9 μm), least mean cumulative hair thickness (9 ± 2 mm/cm²), and least mean number of follicular units (70 ± 8/cm²). The occipital area showed the greatest percentage of triple-hair follicles (43% ± 12). Based on trichoscopy, the norms for hair parameters were calculated. Conclusion: Normal hair parameters in adult Egyptian females differ from those documented from other ethnicities. Evaluating and treating hair loss in clinical practice should be done in reference to documented normal values, which can be set through trichoscopy.

A clinical evaluation of a permanent hair dye designed to reduce allergic contact dermatitis and hair damage.

Permanent hair dye is the most commonly used anti-aging procedure used by both men and women. However, permanent hair dye can cause irritant contact dermatitis due to ammonia and allergic contact dermatitis due to paraphylenediamine (PPD). This research examined an ammonia-free and PPD-free permanent hair dye in 50 ethnically diverse females 21-91 years of age who were current users of permanent hair dyes. Subjects were patch tested prior to dyeing. Two dye sessions were undertaken at baseline and 2-6 weeks post-baseline depending on the dyeing habits of the subject. 50/50 subjects successfully completed the study with no incidence of allergic or irritant contact dermatitis. After 2 dyeing procedures, the dermatologists rated an 87% improvement in hair shine, 90% improvement in hair color, 88% improvement in hair moisturization, 87% improvement in hair porosity, and 88% improvement in hair combability. A MEA-based ammonia-free cream hair color without PPD or resorcinol was safe for use on the hair and scalp of females with diverse hair types and textures.

Mesotherapy With Dutasteride for Androgenetic Alopecia: A Retrospective Study in Real Clinical Practice.

5-alpha inhibitors are an effective treatment for androgenetic alopecia. Mesotherapy with dutasteride has been proposed as an effective method to improve hair loss and reducing systemic absorption. The main objective was to describe the safety profile of mesotherapy with dutasteride in real clinical practice in a large cohort of patients with androgenetic alopecia. A secondary aim was to describe the effectiveness of this treatment. A multicentric retrospective study was designed. Patients treated with at least 6 months of follow-up were included in the study. Side effects and response to the treatment were analyzed. A total of 541 patients were included. The commonest approach during the first year was to perform the treatment every 3 months. Response to the mesotherapy in monotherapy could be assessed in 86 patients (15.9%) after one year. Most of them presented clinical improvement, being a marked improvement in 33 patients (38.4%). Pain was the most frequent side effect of the treatment (246 patients, 45.5%). No serious or sexual adverse events were detected. Mesotherapy with dutasteride was effective in male and female hair loss in real clinical practice. Side effects related to the treatment were mild and self-limited. This therapy may be an effective option for select patients wishing to avoid oral treatment. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022;21(7):742-747. doi:10.36849/JDD.6610.

A Long-Term Study of the Safety and Efficacy of a Nutraceutical Supplement for Promoting Hair Growth in Perimenopausal, Menopausal, and Postmenopausal Women.

The prevalence of female hair loss and hair thinning increases with advancing age and is most common among post-menopausal women. Recent statistics show that by age 60, an estimated 80% of women experience hair loss. A previous publication detailing the results of the 6-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase of this study demonstrated the ability of a nutraceutical supplement to significantly improve hair growth and shedding compared to placebo. Here, we present results from a subsequent 6-month, open-label extension phase assessing the continued safety and efficacy of this nutraceutical for promoting and improving hair growth and evaluate potential long-term benefits on quality of life and menopausal symptoms. After a total of 12 months with the active nutraceutical, subjects had progressive improvements in hair growth, quality, and shedding. Quality of life measures and menopausal symptoms also improved over the duration of the study. When transitioned to daily intake of the supplement, subjects previously treated with placebo achieved significant increases in all hair counts, a significant decrease in shedding, and significant improvement in blinded investigator global hair growth and quality assessments. The results of this long-term study demonstrate that continued use of a novel nutraceutical provides significant incremental improvement over the beneficial effects achieved during the initial 6-month randomized, placebo-controlled phase. Continued use may provide ongoing improvements in hair growth and exert a positive effect on secondary symptoms of menopause, and quality of life in perimenopausal, menopausal, and postmenopausal women with selfperceived thinning hair (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04048031). J Drugs Dermatol. 2022;21(7):776-783. doi:10.36849/JDD.6912.

‘The way we were razed’: pubic hair and permissiveness in 1970s Britain

ABSTRACT This article considers how pornographers negotiated the ‘permissive moment’ in Britain in the 1970s. It examines, as a case study, the publication Sexpertise: Shaved Pubes Special to discuss how editors grappled with changing definitions of obscenity and sexual liberation through the content of their magazines. Sexpertise’s focus on the fetishisation of female pubic hair removal was a way for the magazine’s editors to locate themselves at the forefront of sexual radicalism and innovation at a time when pubic hair was seen as becoming increasingly respectable. I argue that the magazine’s embrace of pubic hairlessness was not only a way for it to appear cutting edge but also reveals anxieties about the changing sexual landscape in Britain and the effects of this on the pornography market. Attempts to sustain a sense of relevance manifested in Sexpertise’s engagement with the historical ‘roots’ of hairlessness and the erotic. This article concludes by examining more broadly the function of nostalgia within pornographic texts and considers how historians might utilise pornographic discourses as texts and archives which recycle ideas about the sexual past in order to make sense of the present.

Clinical study to compare effect of Haridradi lepa and Shringatadi tailam along with Shwadanshtradi churna in Keshashatan (hair fall)

Background: Hair loss affects people of all gender, ages, and ethnicities, and it has both physical and psychological consequences. In today’s world, chemical hair treatments such as bleaching, straightening, relaxing, or permanent waving are very popular. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Haridradi lepa and Shringatadi tailam along with Shwadanshtradi churna on hair loss and to research the literature on hair loss. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 patients with hair fall diagnosed clinically were enrolled and divided into two groups randomly. The duration of the trial was 2 months. There were 45 patients in each group. Cases were diagnosed using clinical signs of hair loss as described in classics. For male pattern baldness, the modified Norwood–Hamilton scale was used. For female hair loss, the Ludwig scale was used. Results and Conclusion: The percentage relief of the Sammuchya lakshnas (overall symptoms) was maximal 35.6% with P-value 0.0156 for the Study Group A patients and 44.6% with P-value 0.0136 for Study Group B patients, according to the research. The statistical study revealed that both groups improved significantly.

Efficacy of a new combination of a microemulsion and oral supplementation for androgenetic alopecia: an interventional multicentric study.

The aim of this study was to study new therapeutic options for the treatment of female and male androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and to assess the efficacy of a possible new coadjuvant oral and topical therapy, containing a complex of natural substances. Sixty individuals affected by mild-to-moderate female and male AGA were enrolled in the study and underwent the oral and topical treatment with a microemulsion formulation for 6 months. At baseline and at 3- and 6-month follow-up, global photographs were taken and three expert operators evaluated photographs using the 7-point scale. On a subgroup of our sample, non-invasive phototrichograms with TrichoScan® HD at baseline and follow-ups were performed to collect the trichological parameters of total number of hairs, hair density/cm2, vellus hair density/cm2, terminal hair density/cm2 and hair thickness. One-way ANOVA and Unpaired Student t-test were performed to analyze the data. Using the 7-point scale, a clinically visible improvement of hair loss was observed after three and six months of treatment. A statistically significant increase of all TrichoScan® trichological parameters was observed at both 3- and 6 month-follow-up. The complex of natural and active substances tested in this work showed good efficacy in improving both male and female hair loss. These new products could represent a valid alternative or coadjuvant therapy of AGA, increasing the efficacy of conventional treatments such as minoxidil or finasteride.

Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) of zinc concentrations in scalp hair and fingernails samples of Algerian females with breast cancer

AbstractIn the present work, zinc levels were measured in scalp hair and fingernails in order to identify potential risk factors for breast cancer. The samples were collected from 40 Algerian breast cancer female patients and from 20 normal subjects matching the same age range. The concentration of zinc was analyzed using Instrumental neutron activation analysis technique (INAA). In scalp hair samples it was found in the range 119–792 μg/g for the normal subjects and in the range 82–806 μg/g for the patients, with an increase rate of 10.9%. The range of concentration of zinc in fingernails was found between 89 and 247 μg/g for normal subjects and between 75 and 276 μg/g for the patients with an increase rate of 2.5%. The influence of age on zinc concentration was also investigated. The obtained results show some consistency with those obtained by other groups.

Trichoscopy (Hair and Scalp Videodermoscopy) in the Healthy Egyptians Female. Norms for Measurable Parameters

Abstract Background Trichoscopy is a noninvasive diagnostic tool that allows the recognition of morphologic structures not visible by the naked eye. The aim of this study was to standardize the videodermoscopy method and to establish the norms for measurable parameters of normal Egyptian hair in females. The current study included 90 healthy Egyptian females between 18 and 50 years of age. Objective Our study revealed that there was a highly statistically significant difference between average number of hair in each of frontal and occipital areas and number of hairs in temporal area. The difference between number of hairs in frontal and occipital area was statistically significant. Patients and Methods The study included 90 volunteer Egyptian females with age ranging from 18-50 years, during the period between February 2018 till May 2019. The study protocol Was approved by Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Research Ethics Committee (FWA 000017585). The volunteers gave a written consent to participate in the work after explanation of the technique and study performed. Volunteers The group under study was selected from patients visiting dermatology clinic at Ain Shams University hospital due to nonhair related conditions, who never complained of excessive hair shedding and who had no early hair loss cases by family history. They were subjected to careful clinical inspection and pull test. Results Average hair shaft thickness showed a highly statistically significant difference between frontal area and each of temporal and occipital areas. Percentage of thin, mediumsized and thick hairs in frontal, occipital and temporal areas revealed that there was a highly statistically significant difference between percentage of thin hairs in each of frontal and temporal areas and in occipital area, a highly statistically significant between percentage of mid hairs in frontal area and in each of temporal and occipital areas, and a highly statistically significant difference between percentage of thick hairs in frontal area and in temporal area. Conclusions Norms of measurable parameters can be established using trichoscopy (hair and scalp videodermoscopy). Our results indicate that for healthy adult Egyptian females, not only are the average hair diameters and densities different in the different scalp regions, but also the contribution of thin and thick hairs, as well as follicular units. Better understanding of the norms in clinical practice will help to detect what is abnormal in hair and scalp videodermoscopy.

Hair growth-promotion effects at the cellular level and antioxidant activity of the plant-based extract Phyllotex™

Hair loss and predominantly female hair loss is a common dermatologic condition with serious psychosocial consequences. Effective treatments remain scarce mainly due to the multifactorial elements involved in the onset of this chronic condition. The approved drugs available are based on molecules designed towards a single pharmacological target and do not interact with the various biochemical mechanisms involved in alopecia. Phytochemical compounds and their derivatives represent a plethora of biologically active agents, which act in synergism and simultaneously activate different biochemical pathways. Here we present an herbal formulation composed of herbs, vitamins, and minerals acting on hair regrowth and hair micro vascularization.This study aimed at evaluating the potential of Phyllotex™ to treat multifactorial androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in males and females, as well as delving into its molecular mechanisms of action. In vitro studies showed that the herbal formula stimulates cell proliferation of both dermal papilla and HaCaT cells and increases the phosphorylated form of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), a well-known marker for cell proliferation. Surprisingly, expression of TGF-β1 was significantly suppressed without blocking DHT production. Additionally, the formula was able to rescue cells from the oxidative stress conditions generated by 2,2′-Azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), a high oxidative agent. This data supports the potential use of this formulation as a hair growth-promoting agent for the treatment of both male and female AGA due to its multifactorial composition, which grants it the ability to cope with the different mechanisms involved in alopecia.

Monitoring of environmental pollution with heavy metals in human scalp hair regarding to their areas, gender and ages

AbstractHuman scalp hair is a valuable screen for physiological excess, deficiency or maldistribution of elements. It was considered as a natural pointer for assessment of heavy metals contamination .Heavy metals exposure continues and is increasing in many parts of the world . In this study Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations were determined in scalp hair (64 samples) male and female hair samples of different ages (7-72 years) . The hair samples were collected from two environmental areas, polluted area (Aswan, Edify, Kom mob), and unpolluted area (West Aswan Island) which considered as a control area . The results show that element concentrations in scalp hair from unpolluted area were lower than those in the polluted ones.Element concentration in the hair samples depends on human gender, but little in their ages. The study ended to that human scalp hair could be used successfully as a bioindicator for the assessment of heavy metal pollution using the atomic absorption spectroscopy techinque.

Levels, Spatial Distribution, and Impact Factors of Heavy Metals in the Hair of Metropolitan Residents in China and Human Health Implications.

Chronic exposure to low levels of heavy metals threatens human health. However, few studies evaluated the health effects and spatial distributions of chronic exposure to heavy metals in metropolitan residents throughout mainland China using unified sampling methods and evaluation indicators at the national level. Here, the concentrations and spatial distributions of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Sb, Pb, and Hg) in the hair of 1202 metropolitan residents from mainland China were analyzed, and differences in age and sex were evaluated. Most target metals exhibited higher concentrations in the hair of residents from South Central China. Generally, male hair had higher As and Se concentrations, whereas female hair had higher Cd and Pb levels (p < 0.05). A significant pairwise correlation existed between most metals in hair, especially Cd-Pb (r = 0.638, p < 0.05). The Se/heavy metal molar ratio is used as an indicator to assess the detoxification ability. The results demonstrated that protecting metropolitan residents in South Central China from heavy metals in their daily life is crucial, particularly for Hg, Pb, and Cr with Se/(Hg, Pb, or Cr) molar ratios < 1. This is the first study to comprehensively consider the antagonistic effects of Se and heavy metals using the molar ratio of Se/heavy metals to evaluate health implications and propose health management policies for metropolitan residents in China.