Trichoscopy (Hair and Scalp Videodermoscopy) in the Healthy Egyptians Female. Norms for Measurable Parameters

Abstract

Abstract Background Trichoscopy is a noninvasive diagnostic tool that allows the recognition of morphologic structures not visible by the naked eye. The aim of this study was to standardize the videodermoscopy method and to establish the norms for measurable parameters of normal Egyptian hair in females. The current study included 90 healthy Egyptian females between 18 and 50 years of age. Objective Our study revealed that there was a highly statistically significant difference between average number of hair in each of frontal and occipital areas and number of hairs in temporal area. The difference between number of hairs in frontal and occipital area was statistically significant. Patients and Methods The study included 90 volunteer Egyptian females with age ranging from 18-50 years, during the period between February 2018 till May 2019. The study protocol Was approved by Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Research Ethics Committee (FWA 000017585). The volunteers gave a written consent to participate in the work after explanation of the technique and study performed. Volunteers The group under study was selected from patients visiting dermatology clinic at Ain Shams University hospital due to nonhair related conditions, who never complained of excessive hair shedding and who had no early hair loss cases by family history. They were subjected to careful clinical inspection and pull test. Results Average hair shaft thickness showed a highly statistically significant difference between frontal area and each of temporal and occipital areas. Percentage of thin, mediumsized and thick hairs in frontal, occipital and temporal areas revealed that there was a highly statistically significant difference between percentage of thin hairs in each of frontal and temporal areas and in occipital area, a highly statistically significant between percentage of mid hairs in frontal area and in each of temporal and occipital areas, and a highly statistically significant difference between percentage of thick hairs in frontal area and in temporal area. Conclusions Norms of measurable parameters can be established using trichoscopy (hair and scalp videodermoscopy). Our results indicate that for healthy adult Egyptian females, not only are the average hair diameters and densities different in the different scalp regions, but also the contribution of thin and thick hairs, as well as follicular units. Better understanding of the norms in clinical practice will help to detect what is abnormal in hair and scalp videodermoscopy.