Features Of Course Research Articles

Coinfection of tuberculosis/HIV at children and teenagers in Zaporizhzhia region

The work purpose is to establish features of course of tuberculosis/HIV coinfection at children and teenagers in Zaporizhzhia region. Materials and methods of the research. The analysis of disease histories and out-patient cards of 24 children and teenagers was carried out. Results. The coinfection of tuberculosis/HIV is more often diagnosed for children at the age of 1–4 years (41.7 %). Patients with the first time diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (83.3 %) prevailed, while without bacterioexcretion (79.2 %) and without destructive process (92.8 %). 95.8 % of patients with coinfection were born from HIV-positive mother. HIV infection since the birth was diagnosed for 45.8 % of patients. 58.3 % of children weren't inoculated by vaccine of BCG. Contact with tuberculosis patients is established in 66.7 %. Reliable results of Mantoux test were negative (33.3 %) and positive (58.4 %). In 66.7 % of cases tuberculosis is diagnosed against the background of HIV infection of the child. Therefore, the average duration of HIV infection at patients authentically prevailed by 5 times. 91.7 % of patients received the ART. 70.8 % of patients finished treatment with residual changes. 79.2 % of patients suffered from serious associated diseases. Vaccinated children have longer middle age by 2.7 times, and the quantity of lymphocytes of CD4 + is twice lower. The positive Mantoux test is prevailed at vaccinated children (92.9 %), and negative test is prevailed at inoculated children (70 %). Duration of hospitalization of tuberculosis at not vaccinated children is 1 month longer. Vaccinated children finished treatment with residual changes 1.5 times more often. Conclusions. Children at the age of 1–4 years suffer on coinfection of tuberculosis/HIV more often. 95.8 % of patients with a coinfection were born from HIV-positive mother, and HIV infection is diagnosed for 45.8 %. The ART was received by 91.7 % of patients. 79.2 % of patients suffered serious associated diseases. Contact with tuberculosis patients is established in 66.7 %, and courses of chemoprophylaxis received only 41.7 %. In 66.7 % of cases tuberculosis is diagnosed against the background of HIV infection of the child. 70.8 % of patients finished treatment with transfer to category 5.1. An acceptability of treatment in 91.7 % of patients was satisfactory. For the children inoculated by vaccine of BCG, there was the following characteristics: middle age is 2.7 times longer, the quantity of lymphocytes of CD4 + is twice lower, negative result of Mantoux reaction (70 %) and 1.5 times more often treatment with residual changes after the postponed tuberculosis. For not vaccinated – prevalence of a positive Mantoux test (92.9 %) and duration of hospitalization of tuberculosis longer by 1 month.

Creating kampong as tourist attractions

Tourism attractions become one of the main components and they drive the tourism activity in a region. The quality of tourism attractions would affect tourists’ visits. Tourism power can basically be built on any conditions which can attract people to visit. Towns is full of activities which include their economic, social, cultural and physical features, if they are presented properly, they can be a tourist attraction. Kampung City, as a form of urban settlement, has the potential to be developed as a tourism attraction. Kampung is not only a physical area of housing but it has also productive activities. Even the city’s economic activities are also influenced by the productive activities of its Kampung. The shape of Kampung which varies in physical, social, economic and cultural raises special characteristics of each Kampung. When it is linked with the city’s tourism activities, these special characteristics of course could be one of the attractions to attract tourists. This paper studies about one of Kampung in the Malang City. Administratively located in the Penanggungan Village Lowokwaru District, but the potential will just be focused on RW 4. Main productive activities of this village are pottery. In contrast to ceramics, pottery is made from clay and its uniqueness in color and shape. Based on the history of pottery in the Malang, it is concentrated in Penanggungan Village. But along with its development, pottery is decreasingly in demand and number of craftsmen is dwindling. Based on these circumstances, a concept is prepared to raise the image of the region as the Kampung of pottery and to repack it as a tourism attraction of the city.

Potential bias factors that affect the course evaluation of students in preclinical courses.

PurposeWe aim to identify what potential bias factors affected students’ overall course evaluation, and to observe what factors should be considered in the curriculum evaluation system of medical schools.MethodsThis study analyzed students’ ratings of preclinical instructions at the Ajou University School of Medicine. The ratings of instructions involved 41 first-year and 45 second-year medical students.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference between years of study and ratings’ scoring. Learning difficulty, learning amount, student assessment, and teacher preparation from second-year students were significantly higher than first-year students (p<0.05). The analysis results revealed that student assessment was the predictor of ratings from first-year students, while teacher preparation was the predictor of ratings from second-year students.ConclusionWe found significant interactions between year of study and the students’ rating results. We were able to confirm that satisfaction of instructions factors perceived by medical students were different for the characteristics of courses. Our results may be an important resource for evaluating preclinical curriculums.

Декомпенсована плацентарна дисфункція: діагностика і тактика розродження

The objective: depression of frequency of perinatal pathology at women with decompensation form of placental dysfunction by improvement of the main diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Patients and methods. 154 pregnant women in gestation term from 22 to 40 weeks were surveyed. Depending on features of course of pregnancy and families of all surveyed it was divided into 4 groups. The group of the retrospective analysis was made by 45 pregnant women with decompensation placental dysfuction, the group of prospective research included 109 pregnant women of whom the main group was made by 38 women with decompensation form of placental dysfunction, the group of comparison included 47 pregnant women with the compensated form of placental dysfunction. The control group was made by 24 pregnant women with the uncomplicated course of pregnancy and labors. The complex of the conducted researches included clinical, ehografical, dopplerometrical, laboratory, morphological and statistical methods. Results. Use of advanced algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions allows to increase efficiency of diagnostics of decompensation form of placental dysfunction for 33.3%, and rational tactics of a delivery leads to depression of perinatal pathology for 22.7%. Conclusion. Decompensation placental dysfuction is one of the main reasons for perinatal mortality and a case rate at the present stage. Use of the algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions improved by us allows major factors of risk of this complication and the indication for change of tactics and delivery times. Key words: decompensation placental dysfunction, diagnostics, delivery tactics.

Pregnancy Has Little Effect on the Progression of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Women with an Excellent, Indeterminate, or Biochemically Incomplete Risk Classification Status

Clinical ThyroidologyVol. 29, No. 3 SummariesPregnancy Has Little Effect on the Progression of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Women with an Excellent, Indeterminate, or Biochemically Incomplete Risk Classification StatusCharles H. EmersonCharles H. EmersonSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:1 Mar 2017https://doi.org/10.1089/ct.2017;29.100-103AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail View articleFiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byThyroid cancer and pregnancy. Features of course and perinatal outcomesRossiiskii vestnik akushera-ginekologa, Vol. 17, No. 6 Volume 29Issue 3Mar 2017 InformationCopyright 2017 American Thyroid Association, Inc.To cite this article:Charles H. Emerson.Pregnancy Has Little Effect on the Progression of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Women with an Excellent, Indeterminate, or Biochemically Incomplete Risk Classification Status.Clinical Thyroidology.Mar 2017.100-103.http://doi.org/10.1089/ct.2017;29.100-103Published in Volume: 29 Issue 3: March 1, 2017PDF download

THE FEATURES OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC PROCESS DEVELOPMENT AND ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME COURSE IN PATIENTS WITHOUT DYSLIPIDEMIA

The aim is to study the conditions of appearance and the features of course of the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with normal rates of lipid metabolism and to assess the influence of additional risk factors (uinary acid, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen) on the development of atherosclerotic process by assessment of surrogate markers of atherosclerosis the thickness of intima-media complex (TIMC) of carotid arteries (СА), the presence of atherosclerotic plaque (AP) in CA, the value of ankle-brachial index (ABI)) in patients with ACS without dyslipidemia (DLP). Materials and methods. The study included 66 patients without DLP (50 men and 16 women, the mean age - 53,7±10,6 years) with ACS, divided in groups depending on its forms: 1 group – patients with instable angina (IA), 2 group – patients with myocardium infraction (MI) without ST segment elevation and 3 group – patients with MI with ST segment elevation. The level of serum acid, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen in blood serum were detected and ultrasound examination of СА with detection of CA TIMC, presence of atherosclerotic plaque and measuring of arterial pressure on upper and low extremities with ABI calculation was carried out. Results. Among examined patients MI with ST segment elevation was diagnosed in 33 persons (50,0%); MI without ST segment elevation – in 18 (27,3%) and IA – in 15 (22,7%). The complicated ACS was observed in 20 (30,30%) persons. The value of CA TIMC among patients with MI with ST segment elevation was reliably higher than in patients with MI without ST segment elevation (р&lt;0,001), and ABI was reliably lower in persons with MI and ST segment elevation (р&lt;0,05) and IA (р&lt;0,05) than in patients with MI without ST segment elevation. Correlative analysis demonstrated the interconnection between the levels of inflammation indicators (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen) in the blood serum and the value of CA TIMC and ABI. Conclusions. The persons without DLP need additional examination (detection of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen levels in blood serum, ultrasound of CA and detection of ABI) for more precise evaluation of ACS risk.

Complicated community-acquired pneumonia in a child caused by multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: features of disease course, error analysis

A complicated course of pneumonia with improperly selected initial antibiotic therapy occurs with unsuccessful constancy. According to World Health Organization, pneumonia is cause of death of 15% children under the age of 5 years around the world. In recent years, deaths have also increased in developed countries with a high level of medicine. Errors in antibiotic therapy of pneumonia in the outpatient treatment stage are still a serious problem. We present a clinical observation of complicated community-acquired pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Clinical features of the course are marked, errors in initial treatment are analyzed.

Thyroid cancer and pregnancy. Features of course and perinatal outcomes

Thyroid cancer and pregnancy. Features of course and perinatal outcomes

The markers of damage of neurons and glia in cerebrospinal liquor under meningitis in children.

The actuality of analysis of cerebrospinal fluid under meningitis in children is conditioned by severity of course of disease with development of residual aftermaths in part of patients. The appearance of proteins specific for neurons, astro- and oligodendroglia in liquor and blood serum can serve as a marker of severity of damage of cerebral parenchyma and as a predictor of development of neurological deficiency. The analysis was applied to samples of liquor obtained during diagnostic lumbar puncture in 44 children (33 with viral serous meningitis, 11 with bacterial purulent meningitis). The detection of protein S-100, glial fibrillar acid protein and and neuron-specific enolase was implemented using solid-phase immune enzyme technique. The maximal increasing of concentrations of protein S-100 and glial fibrillar acid protein was detected at initial stage of bacterial purulent meningitis with consequent decreasing of at the stage of re-convalescence. Under serous meningitis at acute stage maximal high proved to be average value of concentration of neuron-specific enolase with tendency to its increasing at the stage of re-convalescence. The multi-directional correlation relationships are established concerning levels of of neuron-specific enolase, glial fibrillar acid protein and protein S-100 with standard liquorologic indices and their direct mutual relationships. The variability of levels of neuron-specific proteins in liquor is established associated with clinical characteristics of course of meningitis in children that testifies possibility of their application for specifying involvement into pathological process of different brain structures and necessity of further studying of relationship of infection affection of brain with development of neurological aftermaths at the residual period.

CAKUT – SYNDROME IN CHILDREN

The review of literature presents the data of domestic and foreign authors about terminology, frequency, structure, characteristics of course and outcome of CAKUT - syndrome in children and adolescents.

Clinical and morphological characteristics and outcomes of tuberculosis process in patients suffered from HIV infection

The purpose of research is to perform an analysis of features of the clinical course of comorbidity tuberculosis + HIV infection and proximate causes of death of patients. In the article there was performed a comparative analysis of the clinical and radiological, bacteriological and morphological data of 74 deceased patients, divided into two groups: main (cases with the presence of co-infection: tuberculosis associated with HIV infection) and a comparison group (TB mono-infected persons).The performed analysis of the clinical course, the data of microbiological examination and radiographic findings in 74 of the dead patients allowed to reveal features of the course of tuberculosis in HIV infection cases at the IV stage: acute onset of illness, debilitating fever, full-blown bronchopulmonary syndrome and intoxication, massive bacterial excretion. In co-infection patients at the advanced stages with a significant decrease in the level of CD4+ lymphocytes there was no tendency to develop of tuberculous granuloma. The evolution of the process was characterized by the acute generalized by lymphatic/hematogenous and hematogenous dissemination with combined lesions of the internal organs (meninges, lungs, liver, spleen, adrenal glands, pancreas, heart, mesenteric lymph nodes). Tuberculosis granulomatous response as a mode of specific antituberculosis protection failed to develop, the changes were mostly exudative-necrotic inflammation in character due to the presence of immunodeficient state. At the same time in patients without HIV infection the process was classic in character: there were developed isolated lung lesions without the involvement of other organs. Morphological changes were presented by formed tuberculous granulomas with epithelioid cell infiltration and pronounced caseous necrosis. The cause of death in the study group patients was generalized tuberculosis with simultaneous defeat of several vital organs.

FAKTOR JENIS KELAMIN DALAM HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA FAKULTAS TARBIYAH IAIN WALISONGO SEMARANG

Gender factor as one of the factors that affect the learning process and learning outcome should be accommodated in the learning process. Therefore, please note the significance of differences in learning outcomes based on gender differences. Faculty of Tarbiyah have heterogeneous characteristics of courses, ranging from religious studies program, science, and language. Studies on student results shows that students' learning outcomes male students better than female students on Tadris Mathematics Study Program. As for Islamic Education study program, Arabic Education, Islamic Education and Physics Tadris female student results are better than student learning outcomes of men. As for the Tadris English, Tadris Chemistry, Tadris Biology and MI Teacher Education data processing results showed no significant differences.

КЛІНІКО-ЛАБОРАТОРНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПРОЯВІВ ІНФЕКЦІЙНОГО МОНОНУКЛЕОЗУ У ДІТЕЙ

&lt;p class="1"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Висвітлено клініко-лабораторні особливості перебігу інфекційного мононуклеозу у дітей у період з березня по липень 2015 р., з урахуванням етіологічного чинника, клініки та даних імунологічних досліджень слизової оболонки орофарингеальної зони.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

The prognostic factors of unfavorable outcome of acute transient psychotic disorders

The study was carried out to investigate prognostic factors of outcomes of transient psychotic disorders/ The sampling included 168 patients with psychotic states meeting diagnostic criteria of ICD-10 for the given group of diseases (F 23.0; F 23.1; F 23.2; F 23.3; F 23.8; F 23.9). The clinical psychopathologic, clinical catamnesis, psychometric and statistical methods were applied. The data concerning characteristics of course of various clinical alternatives of acute transient psychotic disorders is presented. A number of characteristics associated with subsequent development of secondary psychotic attack was established. The characteristics indicating lingering course of the first psychotic episode had the most prognostic significance as regards development of relapse of disease.

CEREBRAL HYDATID LESIONS

Echinococcus alveolaris and granulosus are more dangerous helminthiases, remaining serious medical and social problem so far. Brain alveococcosis and echinococcosis are naturofocal parasitic diseases of central nervous system caused by larval stages of helminths Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus. Diagnosing of parasitic cyst of brain represents great difficulties. The aim of the research is to study the characteristics of course of cerebral alveococcosis and echinococcosis and improve their diagnosis. Medical histories have been analyzed for 14 years (from 2000 to 2014) of 53 patients with cerebral alveococcosis and echinococcosis between 2 and 58, among them 43 people have been operated in the departments of neurosurgery, National Hospital, the others 10 patients - at other clinics of the country. The diagnosis of all patients have been verified intraoperatively and pathomorphologically. It is found that the parasitic (alveococcus and echinococcus) lesion of brain is frequently found in rural population (92%). Young and able-bodied people suffer from brain alveococcosis between 21 and 40 - 66,7%, and brain alveococcosis is not found in children between 2 and 10. Brain echinococcosis is frequently found in children between 2 and 10 - 21,1%, and in young people between 11 and 30 - in 54,9% cases. An initial focus of alveococcus has been found in the liver of 80% of patients, and brain metastases has been found among them in 53,3% of patients, and both lungs and brain metastases have been found in 26,7% of patients. Primary alveococcal lesion of brain has been found in 20% of patients. Primary echinococcal lesion of brain has been found in 29% of patients, and primary echinococcal lesion of liver - in 65,8% of patients. The MRI is highly informative for diagnosing brain alveococcosis and echinococcosis, and, correspondingly, for effective treatment.

Cerebellar medulloblastomas in children (age-related aspect)

Introduction. Cerebellar medulloblastomas are high-malignant embryonic brain tumours, which are diagnosed mainly in children and characterized by early dissemination of tumors. According to the data of literature there are some features of course and results of treatment of medulloblastomas depending on age of child.Materials and methods. The analysis of 653 supervisions of cerebellar medulloblastoma is conducted. The peaks of formation of tumours are educed in 4 years old (84 supervisions) and 7 years old (74 supervisions). All patients were operated, the diagnosis of medulloblastoma was verified histologically.Results. A total resection of tumour was executed at 36.8% of patients, subtotal — at 52%, partial — at 11.2%. At 166 (25.4%) patients resection of tumours was complemented by the shunt operations. During 30 days after resection 49 (7.5%) patients died. A catamnesis was estimated in 488 (74.7%) children in terms from one month to 10 years. Median of survivability was 18 months. Two-year survivability is established in 42.0%, five-year in 6.0%.Conclusions. Medulloblastomas formed 18.2% of all brain tumours in children, in the structure of embryonic tumours — 92.6%. For the children of the early age the total resection of tumours was possible in 40.3% cases, subtotal — in 42.0%. Frequency of early dissemination of tumors in the different age-related groups of children statistically does not differ with small predominance in the children of early age. Influence of volume of combined therapy requires a study in the different age-related groups of children on survivability in postoperative period.

Development and Choice of an Evidence-based Technique of the Most Ecologically Effective and Energetically Economic Technologies of Cleaning of Toxic Components of the Departing and Exhaust Gases of Objects of an Urban Environment Assessment

of the problem of assessment and choice of the most ecologically effective and energetically economic technologies of air purification of toxic components of the departing and exhaust gases of objects in the conditions of urban environment. The technique development included consideration of a hydrodynamic method of flue gases purification of the toxic polluting substances on the basis of studying the physical features in course of the process, mathematical description of the method by criteria of ecological efficiency and energy efficiency parameter. At the final stage of the conducted research the technique of the assessment and choice of the most ecologically effective and energetically economic technologies of toxic components of the departing and exhaust gases of objects cleaning in the conditions of urban environment provided with algorithm for its realization has been developed.

Features of course of intoxication syndrome while using glutoxin in patients with first diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis depending on thyroid homeostasis

The article presents results of the study of features of intoxication syndrome in patients with impaired thyroid homeostasis during a treatment with glutoxim established based on analysis of the examination of 25 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis with preserved sensitivity to anti-TB drugs. Results of the study showed that in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis when applying glutoxin in the program of pathogenic treatment, disappearance of intoxication syndrome occurs in more people than in patients treated with a standard procedure (p&lt;0.05).

Features of course of endotoxemia and "metabolic" intoxication in athletes depending on the degree of exercise stress

Modern sports more often associated with the occurrence of immunodeficiency - a reduction in the functional activity of the main components of the immune system. This leads to disturbances in the system of antibiotic resistance of the organism and the growth of infectious diseases of athletes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to explore the features of endotoxemia and metabolic intoxication in athletes depending on the exercise stress. 43 athletes were examined during long-term training. Results. On the basis of the study we found that endotoxemia course of light and medium degree to proportional stress levels is determined in the first and second group. The endotoxemia course is associated with a decrease in the toxin-associated ability of serum albumin, which is a measure of cytolytic activity of albumin fractions and accumulation of toxins of medium size (10-200 nm) of microbial origin and hydrophobic nature in plasma of peripheral blood. Calculation methods for determining the severity of endotoxemia can be used to identify different mechanisms of its formation and give the opportunity to some extent, reflect the complex toxicometry parameters of athletes to determine the levels of adaptive reactions in response to exercise stress

Adaptation of Patients with Schizophrenia and Schizotypal Disorder with Hypochondriac Symptomatology

Introduction Hypochondriac symptomatology in structure of schizophrenic spectrum disorders is form of mental pathology which threatens with serious social consequences for personality. Objective study of adaptive abilities and quality of life of patients suffering from schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder with hypochondriac symptomatology depending on clinical-dynamic features of course of the disease and constitution-morphologic characteristics. Methods clinical-psychopathological, clinical-dynamic, clinical-follow-up, therapeutic, anthropometric and statistical methods. Results Hypochondriac symptomatology affects clinical components of adaptation (at the moment of examination in basic group 50,0% of patients were disabled persons with mental disease, and in comparison group – 32,0%; p Conclusions Hypochondriac symptomatology affects clinical and social adaptation preventing from appearance of socially-oriented internal adaptive reactions and promoting more 'immature” compensatory-adaptive defenses and adverse types of adaptation in patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorders.