Эпизодические синдромы, ассоциированные с мигренью (клинико-эпидемиологическое исследование в педиатрической практике)

Abstract

Abstract. Episodic syndromes of childhood that may be associated with migraine is an understudied condition rarely diagnosed in pediatric practice. The features of course in children of different age groups are not well described. The research purpose is to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of the course of childhood equivalents of migraine in children of various age groups in pediatric practice. Materials and methods. The study included the 1st (main) group of 250 children (120 (48 %) girls and 130 (52 %) boys) aged from 5 to 18 years (mean age – 13 (2.9) years, median age – 13 (11‒15) years) with complaints of headaches. The 2nd (comparative) group consisted of 250 children (119 (47.6 %) girls and 131 (52.4 %) boys) aged 5 to 18 years (mean age – 10.7 (3.6) years, median age – 10 (8‒14) years), who were treated in the pediatric department due to various somatic and neurological diseases (diabetes mellitus type I and II, gastritis, tachycardia, anemia, ventricular extrasystole, etc.) with no current complaints of headaches. An analysis of the socio-demographic, anamnestic, clinical and clinical-psychological characteristics of the studied groups was carried out. For statistical analysis and visualization of the obtained data we used the statistical computing environment R 4.3.0 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). The association was considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. Results. All episodic syndromes associated with migraine are connected with a high possibility of developing subsequent migraine headaches. These syndromes include recurrent gastrointestinal disorders (cyclic vomiting syndrome; abdominal migraine), benign paroxysmal torticollis, benign paroxysmal vertigo. Conclusion. Episodic syndromes associated with migraine are considered as precursors of migraine in children. As a rule, they appear in the early stages. For example, abdominal migraine, infant colic – an analogue of adult migraine. Children who suffer from these diseases at an early age are significantly more likely to suffer from migraine in adulthood, which is accompanied by gastrointestinal disorders and other syndromes. It should also be noted that episodic childhood syndromes associated with migraine are often observed in children not as separate, isolated syndromes, but are harbingers of migraine itself, that is, they are observed in the prodrome phase followed by a migraine attack. It has also been shown that episodic childhood syndromes associated with migraine can also be observed in the postdrome phase after a migraine attack.