Biotechnology Faculty Research Articles

ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ К НЕКОТОРЫМ АНТИБИОТИКАМ КУЛЬТУР КИШЕЧНОЙ ПАЛОЧКИ

Antimicrobials including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitics, are medications used to prevent and treat infectious diseases in humans, animals, and plants. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria poses a major public health problem worldwide. The research was carried out in the laboratories of the Faculty of Biotechnology of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Mountain State Agrarian University». The article presents the results of testing 90 Escherichia coli cultures with antibiotics isolated from the feces of healthy piglets aged 1-60 days. Before the experiment, no antibiotics were given to the pigs on the farm. The tested cultures turned out to be highly sensitive to neomycin (22.2 %), chloramphenicol (21.1 %) and monomycin (14.4 %). There was no significant difference in sensitivity to the studied antibiotics between non-agglutinable cultures and the identified serotypes of Escherichia coli “408” and “9”.

COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INULA HELENIUM IN NATURAL CONDITIONS

Green mass and rhizomes of Inula helenium L. are valuable raw materials of great practical importance as a promising source of BAS (biologically active substances). An analysis of plants’ morphological and biological parameters in natural populations makes it possible to determine the yield and, when harvesting raw materials, focus on cenopopulations with an increased phytomass of inflorescences. Assessing the dynamics of the formation of the aboveground phytomass, indicators of photosynthetic activity, the productivity of the aboveground mass, and seed productivity of I. helenium under natural conditions also make it possible to determine the influence of abiotic and biotic environmental factors. The studies were carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Biotechnology and Standardization of the Faculty of Biotechnology of the FSBEI HE “Mountain State Agrarian University” in medium samples of I. helenium, selected in natural cenopopulations of the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania at altitudes of 615 - 847 m above sea level in the plant association of a cereal-forb meadow. In the course of the study, morphological and biological indicators were determined. The authors found that the weight of the rhizome with roots decreases along the vertical profile. Inula helenium in cenopopulations grow at different heights from 127 to 220 cm and form an average of 230-390 g of rhizomes with roots. Individuals of Inula helenium are characterised by the formation of 24 - 26 inflorescences on average on one shoot, each giving 625 - 1015 pcs seeds from 1 basket. The authors took samples of elecampane high close to the villages Surkh-Digora and Chikola North Ossetia - Alania. These samples are characterised by a high weight of 1000 seeds (1834.78 - 1923.24 mg) and a basket diameter (6.98 - 7.29 cm).

Analysis of phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance of food isolates of Staphylococcus spp.

Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Łódź, Poland

PENGARUH PERLAKUAN SUHU DAN BEBERAPA GENOTIPE TERHADAP VIABILITAS DAN VIGOR BENIH KUBIS BUNGA (BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. BOTRYTIS L.) PADA DATARAN RENDAH

The aim of this study was to obtain the best temperature on several genotypes so as to increase the best viability and vigour of cauliflower seeds in the lowlands. The research was conducted at the Laboratory Agronomy, OPT and Soil Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture, Singaperbangsa Karawang University. The research method used was an experimental method with a two-factor completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor is temperature which consists of room temperature without air conditioning (P0), air-conditioned room temperature (P1) and refrigerator temperature (P2). The second factor is genotypes consisting of Viola (B1), Tegar 45 (B2), Snow Waltz (B3), Jayanti (B4), Giga (B5), Snow White (B6), Diamond (B7), Orient (B8). , Roo So 45 (B9), Forum (B10), Bima (B11), F1 Hybrid (B12) and Arjuna (B13). Each treatment was repeated 2 times so that 78 experiments were obtained and 2 times planting (before and after storage). The results of the pre-storage experiment showed that there was no interaction between temperature treatment and several genotypes, but in the post-storage experiment, there were an interaction with the parameters of germination, concurrency of growth, vigor index and maximum growth potential, while for parameters of moisture content, normal germinated dry weight and length of sprouts. indicates there is no interaction. The best treatment was room temperature without AC genotype Roo So 45 (P0B9).
 
 Keywords: Cabbage flower, genotype, temperature, , viability, vigour.

Addendum: Aisami and Gusmanizar. Characterization of an Acrylamide-degrading Bacterium Isolated from Hydrocarbon Sludge. Bioremediation Science and Technology Research, 2019, Vol 7, No 2, 15-19.

One of the authors has been unintentionally left out and the list of authors and affiliation should be added as follows.
 Abubakar Aisami 1* Neni Gusmanizar2 and Mohd Yunus Shukor3
 1Department of Biochemistry, Gombe State University, P.M.B. 127, Tudun Wada,
 Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria.
 2Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University,
 Padang, 25163, Indonesia.
 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
 
 *Corresponding author address
 Dr Abubakar Aisami
 Department of Biochemistry,
 Gombe State University,
 P.M.B. 127, Tudun Wada,
 Gombe, Gombe State,
 Nigeria.
 Emel: abubakar.aisami05@gmail.com
 The Acknowledgement section (p.19) has been left out, and it should be added as follows.
 Acknowledgment
 We acknowledge the help of Mr Kesavan in isolating the bacterium and the late Dr Neni Gusmanizar (author) who helped to identify the bacterium, of which this manuscript is dedicated to her.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Oral Hygiene Among Students of a Private University.

ABSTRACTObjective:The objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice among pre-final and final year students of pharmacy, medicine, biotechnology, and business faculties about oral hygiene.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional observational study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of students towards oral hygiene at a private university in Malaysia. Validated questionnaires were distributed to a convenient stratified sample of 324 students studying in the different selected faculties, namely pharmacy, medicine, biotechnology, and business, respectively. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 24.0 was used to analyze the data.Results:With regard to knowledge, upon evaluation, it was seen that the students of the Faculty of Pharmacy had the highest percentage of adequate knowledge, which was statistically significant with a P-value of 0.001 and the effect size of 0.246. On the evaluation of attitudes, it was seen that the Faculty of Biotechnology had the highest positive attitudes. According to race, Malay students had the highest positive attitude among all the races that participated in the study, which showed a P-value of 0.037 with the effect size of 0.034. Regarding practice, the Faculty of Pharmacy had the lowest practice compared with the other faculties. This variable had a P-value of 0.001 and showed to have significance against the practice with an effect size of 0.193.Conclusion:Overall, a good attitude was seen amongst the students on their oral hygiene. It was also observed that the attitude, knowledge, and practice of the students in a private university increased with an increasing level of education.

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PH ON PHENOL BIODEGRADATION BY A NEWLY IDENTIFIED SERRATIA SP. AQ5-03

Phenol is mainly used by the industries to produce a variety of chemical products such as resins, textiles, pesticides, plastics and explosive. The wide use of phenol and other phenolic compounds by industries, has resulted in an increased presence of these toxic compounds in the environment as pollutants. Bio-removal of phenol by microorganisms especially bacteria has been demonstrated to be the most effective and economical approach compared to physio-chemical methods. The search for efficient phenol-degraders especially local sources to remediate local phenol pollution is important as indigenous bacteria usually have better survival and resilient to local geographical conditions. In this study, a phenol-degrading microorganism was isolated from local soil and waste water bodies. Identification was carried out using gram staining, 16s rRNA gene sequencing and molecular phylogeny analysis using the Phylip software. The isolates were inoculated in mineral salt media with 0.5 g/L phenol as the sole source of carbon. Phenol degradation was determined using 4-amino antipyrine method. Physical and cultural conditions influencing phenol degradation such as pH and temperature were optimized via one-factor-at-a-time. Through phylogeny analysis, the isolate was identified as Serratia sp. and the sequence was deposited the NCBI Genebank and accession number KT693287 was assigned to the bacteria. The highest degradation was achieved at pH 7.5 (phosphate buffer) and temperature of 30°C. Ammonium sulphate was established to be the best nitrogen source at the concentration of 0.4 g/L and a sodium chloride concentration of 0.15 g/L.
 Aisami, A. | Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia

Whole Porcine Pancreatic Extracellular Matrix Protects Isolated Human Islets from Ischemia-induced Damage

Daniel Brandhorst,1,2 Limor Baruch,3 Heide Brandhorst,1,2 Stasia Krishtul,3 Marcelle Machluf,3 Paul R.V. Johnson1,2
 1Research Group for Islet Transplantation, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
 2Oxford Consortium for Islet Transplantation, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism (OCDEM), Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
 3Laboratory for Cancer Drug Delivery and Cell Based Technologies, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
 Aim
 Islet isolation essentially requires dissociation of islet basement membranes by collagenolytic enzymes. This is associated with reduced islet function and increased cell death. Previous ex-vivo and in-vivo studies demonstrated that individual extracellular matrix proteins (ECMPs) can increase islet survival. As the natural ECM is a tissue-defined complex network we propose a novel concept for creating a specific islet matrix by using the whole pancreatic ECM (WPM). In contrast to previous studies, ECMPs were dissolved in media rather than coating of culture vessel surfaces.
 Methods
 Islets, isolated from pancreases of 6 human DBD donors (52±3 years, 28.5±1.5 BMI, 6.4±0.7 hours CIT), were cultured for 4–5 days in hypoxic atmosphere (2% oxygen). Islets were suspended in CMRL 1066 supplemented with 2% FCS and WPM-gel (200 µg/mL) extracted and purified from porcine pancreases. The WPM-gel was compared with a pre-tested combination of human ECMPs composed of 80 µg/mL collagen-IV, 10 µg/mL laminin-521, and 10 µg/mL nidogen-1. Sham-treated islets (STIs) cultured without ECMPs or WPM-gel served as controls. Post-culture characterisation included IEQ yield or islet number (IN), viability (FDA-PI), early plus late apoptosis (annexin V-PI), glucose stimulation index (SI: 2 vs 20 vs 2 mM) and reactive oxygen species production. All parameters were normalised to IEQ, related to pre-culture data if appropriate and presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed by Friedman test and Dunn’s multiple comparison.
 Results
 Post-culture recovery was highest when hypoxic human islets were cultured in WPM-gel and compared with STIs (65±10% vs 38±10%, p<0.01). Although fragmentation (IN/IEQ ratio) increased after all treatments, this increase was lowest in the presence of WPM-gel (0.62±0.05 vs 0.80±0.14 vs 0.93±0.27, NS). Pre-culture viability was nearly completely preserved when human ECMPs (99±10% vs 79±10%, p<0.01) or WPM-gel (92±8%, p<0.05) were administered. Reactive oxygen species production in STIs increased nearly three-fold (127±15 AU/IEQ) but was halved in the presence of ECMPs (61±14 AU/IEQ, p<0.01) or WPM-gel (65±18 AU/IEQ, p<0.05). While initial early apoptosis remained stable when human islets were treated with human ECMPs (90±13% vs 136±14%, p<0.01) or WPM-gel (84±10%, p<0.01), apo-necrosis increased substantially in the presence of human ECMPs (172±33%, NS) or WPM-gel (154±195 vs 214±24%, p<0.05). Glucose-stimulated islets did not respond adequately after sham-treatment (SI 0.85±0.14). In contrast, supplementation with human ECMPs (1.29±0.09, p<0.05) or WPM-gel (1.34±0.09, p<0.01) preserved the physiological insulin response during hypoxia. Overall survival, considering the recovery of viable cells only, was increased by human ECMPs (56±8% vs 34±8%, p<0.01) or WPM-gel (58±8%, p<0.01).
 Conclusion
 This initial study presents a new approach to protect human islets from hypoxia-induced damage by supplementing culture media with selected ECMPs or with the whole pancreatic ECM. We assume, that the outcome of our approach will be further improved when the ECM is extracted from human pancreases. These promising findings can be used to develop advanced culture media and innovative encapsulation techniques to protect transplanted islets.

Preface

The Third Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Symposium (BBS) 2019 was held at Swiss Garden Bearch Resort, Lumut Perak on 9-10th April 2019 organized by Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia and Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Center, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) and Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UPM. This is a biennial conference series that bringing together most of the bioprocess researchers, academics and professionals from all in the country.Bioprocessing technology is growing in significance and highly relevant in the context of exploring new knowledge and integration of various interdecipline to generate new innovation in various field such as bio-therapeutic, environmental management and sustainable bioprocess development.This symposium provides a unique platform for leading experts and researchers from academic and industry sector to promote the exchange of information, ideas and intellectual to catapult trans-disciplinary research, collaborations and networking among experts in various areas of bioprocessing and biomanufacturing technology, particularly with the advancement of the various fermentation instruments and development of new method or approach which enable us to produce a wide range of value added products.List of Committee Member, Editorial Board and Conference Photographs are available in this pdf.

Pengaruh Perbandingan Serbuk Santan dan Gula dalam Pembuatan Manisan Instan Beras Rendang terhadap Penerimaan Konsumen dengan Analisis Sensori Uji Pembeda

This research has been carried out in the Laboratory of Chemistry, Agricultural Biochemistry and Food Nutrition, Laboratory of Technology and Agricultural Process Engineering Faculty of Agricultural Technology Laboratory of Animal Husbandry Biotechnology Faculty of Animal Husbandry, and Laboratory of Tablet Faculty of Pharmacy in July to August 2018. The aims of this study was to determine the ratio of coconut milk and sugar to the characteristics of instant beras rendang flour and find out the best ratio in organoleptic instant beras rendang product with a differentiation test. This research method used a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 3 replications, which treatments A (35% coconut milk powder : 15% sugar), B (30% coconut milk Powder : 20% Sugar), C (25% coconut milk Powder : 25% Sugar), D (20% Coconut Milk Powder : 30% Sugar), E (15% Coconut Milk Powder : 15% Sugar). Tests carried out included sensory analysis by differentiating test.

The 2nd International Conference on Natural Resources and Life Sciences (NRLS-2018)

The 2nd International Conference on Natural Resources and Life Sciences (NRLS) 2018 has been organized by the Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Surabaya, Indonesia. The theme of this conference is “Managing Natural Resources for Better Health”. Focusing on biological aspects, the conference has facilitated chances of collaborations in research and development – as well as enlarged joint activities regarding natural resource management – among academics and professionals in their attempts to contribute further to the community through their respective fields.The 2nd NRLS 2018 was held on August 23–24, 2018. This conference presented eight international speakers from five countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Singapore, and Thailand. Over 200 representatives of 48 institutions participated in this event, involving more than 74 abstracts submitted in the form of oral and poster presentations. After a rigorous selection process, the Scientific & Editorial Board have decided to publish 43 manuscripts in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (EES), an international proceedings indexed in Scopus, Scimago, Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science (CPCI-S) of Clarivate Analytics’s Web of Science, etc. From 43 selected ones above, 21 manuscripts were results of joint researches between Indonesia and various countries, e.g. Australia, England, India, Japan, Georgia, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Malaysia, the Netherlands, the Republic of Korea, Spain, and Sweden. Those manuscripts cover various biological themes, i.e. Food Biotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology, Medical Biotechnology & Forensics, and Environmental Biotechnology & Renewable Energy. Each of the 43 manuscripts in IOP Conference Series–EES have been reviewed by at least two experts using double-blind system. The published manuscripts have passed all necessary improvement requirements (according to the IOP Proceedings standard), reviewer’s comments, SI (Systéme International d’Unités), and similarity tests (with the highest threshold of 25 %) as well as editing procedure by professional editors from seven countries (Georgia, India, Indonesia, Latvia, Lithuania, Malaysia, and Sweden).Our appreciation goes to the reviewers, editors and members of the Scientific & Editorial Board for their big efforts in reviewing and improving the manuscripts. For the generous supports in succeeding the NRLS-2018, we extend our gratitute toward the University of Surabaya’s management and supporting units, our co-hosts the Faculty of Pharmacy and the Faculty of Medicine, and our sponsors VISION TEKNIK, SCIENCEWERKE, INDOLAB UTAMA, and MEGAH SEJAHTERA SCIENTIFIC.Last but not least, we thank you all presenters and attendees for the active contribution to share scientific ideas, inspire new researches, and exchange new contacts for closer co-operations. We hope you have had enjoyable time with us and are currently encouraged to collaborate further in order to explore natural resources and life sciences in various aspects of living. We look forward to welcoming you and your team in the 3rd NRLS-2020!Surabaya May 02, 2019Republic of Indonesia - National Education DayJohan Sukweenadhi, Ph.D.Executive Chief of the 2nd NRLS-2018Editor in Chief: Roy Hendroko Setyobudi (Malang, IDN)Board of Editor: Mariana Wahjudi (Surabaya, IDN), Maizirwan Mel (Kuala Lumpur, MYS), Olga Anne (Klaipeda, LTU), Peeyush Soni (Kharagpur, IND), Tsitsino Turkadze (Kutaisi, GEO), Yahya Jani (Kalmar, SWD), and Zane Vincevièa-Gaile (Riga, LVA).

Functional state of an organism of freshwater fish under the influence of abiotic factors

The purpose of the work was to conduct a scientific and experimental analysis of the study of the functional state of the organism of hydrobionts while growing in recirculation of aquaculture systems using an unconventional method of water treatment, which was used in the formation of feed forage for their feeding. The experimental part of the work was carried out on the basis of the laboratory of aquatic bioresources and aquaculture of the Biotechnology Faculty of the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University and the Scientific and Experimental Center “Aquatic Biodiversity and Aquaculture of the Pre Dnieper” of the Dniprovsky State Agrarian and Economic University. The practical part of the work consisted of several stages: the formation of the preparatory period (obtaining the breeding culture of phytoplankton and zooplankton, cultivation on different environments in order to establish an optimal scheme); obtaining of fish planting material and determination of fish objects for experiment; staging of the experiment (conducting research on feeding natural food of different processing of mother-crops). Scientific and experimental studies on the study of the functional state of the organism of hydrobionts when cultivated in the PAC with the use of an unconventional method of processing fodder mixed with their feeding give grounds to note the positive impact on its qualitative and functional characteristics. Investigation of the morpho-functional status of blood of freshwater fish on the background of the use of the proposed method for processing fodder mixed with fertilization in the early stages of ontogeny showed that stimulation of erythropoiesis, activation of protein metabolism in the organism of hydrobionts within the limits of the physiological norm occurs in the experimental group. The combination of several rapid methods (GRU) makes it possible to provide comprehensive research and acquires scientific and practical value, since the study of the physiological state of the object of biotesting against the background of the use of various factors involves the implementation of an entire chain of sequential research.

First Report of Pectobacterium polaris Causing Soft Rot of Potato in Poland

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 103, No. 1First Report of Pectobacterium polaris Causing Soft Rot of Potato in Poland PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Pectobacterium polaris Causing Soft Rot of Potato in PolandM. Waleron, A. Misztak, J. Jońca, and K. WaleronM. Waleron†Corresponding author: M. Waleron; E-mail: E-mail Address: [email protected]http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6789-2881Search for more papers by this author, A. MisztakSearch for more papers by this author, J. JońcaSearch for more papers by this author, and K. WaleronSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations M. Waleron † A. Misztak , Department of Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland J. Jońca K. Waleron , Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland. Published Online:26 Oct 2018https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-18-0861-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Bacteria belonging to the genus Pectobacterium are causal agents of soft rot disease all over the world, resulting in severe economic losses (Toth et al. 2011). In Poland, P. atrosepticum, P. parmentieri, P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, P. carotovorum subsp. odoriferum, and P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliense have been isolated from symptomatic plants to date (Motyka et al. 2017). In 2017, P. carotovorum strains were reclassified, and a new species, Pectobacterium polaris, was described (Dees et al. 2017). Therefore, we tested over 250 isolates that had been collected from plants with soft rot symptoms since 1995 in Poland to determine if P. polaris was present. A multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) based on five housekeeping genes (gyrA, recA, recN, rpoA, and rpoS) (Waleron et al. 2018) was utilized to taxonomically characterize isolates. Based on our results, we found that the five strains isolated from potato (IFB5220, IFB5222, IFB5225, IFB5226, and IFB5252), and one from bittersweet (IFB5223) previously identified as P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Waleron et al. 2002), should be renamed as P. polaris. All isolates were gram negative, facultative anaerobes exhibiting pectinolytic activity and were negative for oxidase, urease, indole production, gelatin liquefaction, and acid production from d-arabitol, dulcitol, sorbitol, raffinose, and melibiose. All strains were unable to utilize malonate and citrate. They were catalase positive, produced acid from lactose, rhamnose, saccharose, xylose, and trehalose, and were tolerant to 5% NaCl. All strains exhibited enzyme activity of cellulase, protease, α-amylase, α- and β-glucosidase, as well as ornithine and lysine decarboxylase. All strains except for IFB5252 and IFB5225 grew at 37°C. Strain IFB5226 produced reducing substances from sucrose and acid from maltose, utilized α-methyl-d-glucoside. All strains isolated from potato and the strain isolated from bittersweet caused soft rot symptoms on potato tuber tissues. The mean diameter of rotting potato tuber tissue (12 mm) was measured after incubation in 28°C and 95% relative humidity for 72 h. Surface-sterilized potato tubers were inoculated by inserting a pipette tip containing 25 μl of bacterial suspension (2 × 107 CFU/ml) 10 mm into each tuber. Three tubers were inoculated for each strain, and the inoculation was done in triplicate. As a control, sterile water was used. Sequence analysis of the partial 16S rRNA gene (1,435 bp) (MH166801 to MH166803, KU510098, KU510098, KU510101), amplified with primer pair 27F/1492R, of six aforementioned strains indicated that all of them (sharing identity from 98.36 to 100% between each other) exhibited 99 to 100% identity with P. polaris, strains NIBIO1006T and NIBIO1392 (GenBank accession nos. CP017481 and CP017482). The MLSA was performed on concatenated sequences of gyrA (KU510197, MH367256 to MH367259), recA (KU510110 to KU510114, MH367255), recN (KU510191, KU510192, KU510194, MH367267 to MH367269), rpoA (KU510163, KU510164, MH367263 to MH367266), and rpoS genes (KU510141, KU510143, MH367266 to MH367262). A consensus tree, which was constructed using the maximum likelihood method, clustered strains IFB5220, IFB5222, IFB5223, IFB5225, IFB5226, and IFB5252 with P. polaris strains available in GenBank. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. polaris causing soft rot on potato in Poland. Based on the original isolation date, we can state that this species was present in Poland as early as 1996.

THE MOLECULAR DETECTION OF CITRUS VEIN PHLOEM DEGENERATION (CVPD) PATHOGEN (Liberobacter asiaticus) IN Diaphorina citri KUWAYAMA (HOMOPTERA : PSYLLIDAE) AND OTHER INSECTS ASSOCIATED WITH CITRUS PLANT

The research was coducted at Laboratory of Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture Udayana University. The purpose of this research were to investigate moleculer detection of CVPD pathogen in its vector, other phytophagous insects on citrus cv, Siam and kemuning (Murraya paniculata L. Jack.). The result of this research showed that adults and nymphs of Diaphorina citri Kuw. could transmit CVPD disease, but the pathogen of CVPD could not be transovarially transmited. As a host of CVPD disease , kemuning could be source of infection. The adult of Toxoptera citricidus Kirkaldy and Maleuterpes dentipes Hell. could not potensial transmited CVPD disease.

Phytochemical analysis and augmentation of pulmonary adenocarcinoma in BALB/c mice model treated with flaxseed oil

Event Abstract Back to Event Phytochemical analysis and augmentation of pulmonary adenocarcinoma in BALB/c mice model treated with flaxseed oil Heshu S. Rahman1*, Hawsar O. Mohammed2, Hardi Fattah2, Hemn H. Othman2, Kawa M. Amin2 and Rasedee Abdullah3 1 Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Putra Malaysia University, Malaysia 2 University of Sulaymaniyah, Iraq 3 Putra Malaysia University, Malaysia Background Lung cancer is a highly invasive and metastatic tumor that causes more than 1.4 million deaths annually. Thus, the current study was aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor and anti-metastasis effects of flaxseed oil (FSO) in a mice model of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Methods The total phenol and flavonoid contents in the FSO were determined using Folin–Ciocalteau and the aluminum chloride colorimetric assays. Later on, 30 male Balb/C mice were randomly allotted into 5 experimental groups of 6 animals each. Lung cancer was induced in all groups except group 1 using nitrosamine 4-(methyl-nitrosamino)-l-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Lung tumour-induced BALB/c mice were fed with either 150 or 300 mg/kg body weight of FSO, or Erlotinib (50 mg/kg body weight). After 28 days, animals were sacrificed, and biochemical analysis was conducted on collected blood samples to detect the changes of white blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte counts. On the other hand, collected lung tissues were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) to detect the histopathological abnormalities, whereas immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to observe the biomarkers expression related to cancer and inflammation in the lung tissues. Results Using phytochemical analysis, we found that the FSO is rich in tannin and gallic acid, which are the main phenolic compounds in the oil. Regarding the animal study, the FSO significantly (P < 0.05) increased WBC and lymphocyte counts. After IHC staining, we realized that the FSO reduced the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), lung adenocarcinoma biomarker, suppressed the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inflammatory biomarker and enhanced the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a tumor suppressor gene consequently. Conclusion We found that the FSO showed promising potential as a complementary therapeutic dietary supplement which was effective in suppressing lung adenocarcinoma. Keywords: Antimetastatic, lung cancer, Epidermal growth facter receptor, Antitumor acitivity, Flaxseed oil Conference: International Conference on Drug Discovery and Translational Medicine 2018 (ICDDTM '18) “Seizing Opportunities and Addressing Challenges of Precision Medicine”, Putrajaya, Malaysia, 3 Dec - 5 Feb, 2019. Presentation Type: Oral Presentation Topic: Cancer Citation: Rahman HS, Mohammed HO, Fattah H, Othman HH, Amin KM and Abdullah R (2019). Phytochemical analysis and augmentation of pulmonary adenocarcinoma in BALB/c mice model treated with flaxseed oil. Front. Pharmacol. Conference Abstract: International Conference on Drug Discovery and Translational Medicine 2018 (ICDDTM '18) “Seizing Opportunities and Addressing Challenges of Precision Medicine”. doi: 10.3389/conf.fphar.2018.63.00110 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 13 Oct 2018; Published Online: 17 Jan 2019. * Correspondence: Dr. Heshu S Rahman, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Putra Malaysia University, Serdang, Malaysia, heshusr77@gmail.com Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Heshu S Rahman Hawsar O Mohammed Hardi Fattah Hemn H Othman Kawa M Amin Rasedee Abdullah Google Heshu S Rahman Hawsar O Mohammed Hardi Fattah Hemn H Othman Kawa M Amin Rasedee Abdullah Google Scholar Heshu S Rahman Hawsar O Mohammed Hardi Fattah Hemn H Othman Kawa M Amin Rasedee Abdullah PubMed Heshu S Rahman Hawsar O Mohammed Hardi Fattah Hemn H Othman Kawa M Amin Rasedee Abdullah Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Characterization of Nano-graphene oxide stabilized by Pluronic as a nanocarrier

Event Abstract Back to Event Characterization of Nano-graphene oxide stabilized by Pluronic as a nanocarrier Dharshini Perumal1, Suhaili Shamsi1*, Faizah Md Yasin2 and Seri Narti Edayu Sarchio3 1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia 2 Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia 3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health sciences, University of Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Background Since its first discovery, graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a new carbon-based nanoscale particles due to its extraordinary properties such as high dispersibility, hydrophilicity, large surface area and low production cost. The biological application of GO is however plagued by its poor physical and chemical instability, with a significant toxicity profile in biological milieu. The functionalization of GO with surfactants and polymers are necessary for enhanced stability and biocompatibility. Often, the functionalization of GO involves a complicated series of reactions, organic solvents and harsh synthesis condition, which could limit the yield, increase production cost and aggravate its biocompatibility. The present study aims to develop a simple and cost-efficient, yet stable GO functionalized with Pluronic F127 by means of physical mixing to further advance the potential of GO in biological applications. Methods GO functionalized Pluronic F127 (PF-GO) was synthesized by physical mixing of GO and Pluronic F127 at different ratios. This method was preferred for its simplicity, low cost, yield of small nanosized structure and potential for scale up production. The PF-GO dispersion was characterized for size, size distribution, zeta potential, morphology, chemical characteristics and Pluronic content. The stability of the formulation in physiologically relevant media was also investigated. Results PF-GO showed a discrete structure with a mean size of 235.9 ± 4.2 nm and a narrow size distribution. The functionalization of GO was successfully observed with the increased zeta potential value of -48.3 ± 0.5 nm to -3.79 ± 0.23 nm, and by the FTIR and UV-Vis analyzes. The loading efficiency of Pluronic F127 was found to be 89 ± 5.6 % with batch to batch consistency. The PF-GO was also stable upon storage at room temperature and dispersion with physiologically relevant media. Conclusion The collective data demonstrated the effective stabilization of GO with Pluronic F127 copolymers, which could result in a greater potential for PF-GO as nanocarrier for biological applications. Acknowledgements The research is supported by grant from the Universiti Putra Malaysia (GP-IPM/2016/9513200). The authors acknowledge the facilities, scientific and technical assistance of the Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia. Keywords: graphene oxide, Pluronic F127, stability, nanocarriers, characterization Conference: International Conference on Drug Discovery and Translational Medicine 2018 (ICDDTM '18) “Seizing Opportunities and Addressing Challenges of Precision Medicine”, Putrajaya, Malaysia, 3 Dec - 5 Feb, 2019. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Miscellaneous Citation: Perumal D, Shamsi S, Md Yasin F and Sarchio S (2019). Characterization of Nano-graphene oxide stabilized by Pluronic as a nanocarrier. Front. Pharmacol. Conference Abstract: International Conference on Drug Discovery and Translational Medicine 2018 (ICDDTM '18) “Seizing Opportunities and Addressing Challenges of Precision Medicine”. doi: 10.3389/conf.fphar.2018.63.00051 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 30 Sep 2018; Published Online: 17 Jan 2019. * Correspondence: Dr. Suhaili Shamsi, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia, sh_suhaili@upm.edu.my Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Dharshini Perumal Suhaili Shamsi Faizah Md Yasin Seri Narti Edayu Sarchio Google Dharshini Perumal Suhaili Shamsi Faizah Md Yasin Seri Narti Edayu Sarchio Google Scholar Dharshini Perumal Suhaili Shamsi Faizah Md Yasin Seri Narti Edayu Sarchio PubMed Dharshini Perumal Suhaili Shamsi Faizah Md Yasin Seri Narti Edayu Sarchio Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. 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Antibacterial effects of gallic acid loaded graphene oxide (GAGO) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Event Abstract Back to Event Antibacterial effects of gallic acid loaded graphene oxide (GAGO) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Nurhuda Elias1, Seri Narti Edayu Sarchio2, Faizah Md Yasin3, Shafinaz Abdul Gani1 and Suhaili Shamsi1* 1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health sciences, University of Putra Malaysia, Malaysia 3 Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Background Staphylococcus aureus strains known as “superbugs” are exceptionally rigid and can quickly develop protective mechanisms against synthetic antibiotics. One increasingly common superbug is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which is resistant to most available antibiotics. With the ongoing dearth in antibiotics development, the design and identification of alternative classes of antibacterial agents with new modes of action that can effectively overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) is more pressing than ever. The present study aims to investigate the potential of graphene oxide (GO), a biocompatible and cost-effective graphene derivative, with promising antibacterial properties, and gallic acid, a phenolic compound with myriad health benefits, including antibacterial activity, combined together by means of nanoformulation (GAGO) to reverse the MDR in MRSA, hence enhancing antibacterial efficacy. The present study evaluated the interaction of GAGO with MRSA, and its capacity to exert antibacterial activity against MRSA. Methods GAGO was synthesized by physical mixing of GO and GA at 1: 5 ratio (GO: GA) and was characterized for morphology, chemical characteristics and GA content. The interaction of GAGO with MRSA was investigated by evaluating its antibacterial activity through disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays. Results GA was successfully loaded onto GO (GAGO) with a loading efficiency of 29.11% that resulted in a GA loading of 886 mg/g of GAGO nanocomposite. The GAGO obtained was in the form of black thin film and FESEM image showed the thickness of the GAGO structure, as compared to only GO which indicates the loading of GA. The antibacterial activity of GA against MRSA increased significantly at lower concentration when loaded onto GAGO nanoformulation (MIC: 150 µg/mL to 100 µg/mL) due to the presence of GO. Conclusion Fundamentally, the results demonstrated the potential of GAGO as a promising antibacterial agent against MRSA. Acknowledgements This research is supported by grant from the Universiti Putra Malaysia (GP-IPS/2018/9602000). The authors acknowledge the facilities, scientific and technical assistance of Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA) at Universiti Putra Malaysia. Keywords: graphene oxide, Gallic Acid, Antibacterial, multi-drug resistance, MRSA Conference: International Conference on Drug Discovery and Translational Medicine 2018 (ICDDTM '18) “Seizing Opportunities and Addressing Challenges of Precision Medicine”, Putrajaya, Malaysia, 3 Dec - 5 Feb, 2019. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Infectious diseases Citation: Elias N, Sarchio S, Md Yasin F, Abdul Gani S and Shamsi S (2019). Antibacterial effects of gallic acid loaded graphene oxide (GAGO) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Front. Pharmacol. Conference Abstract: International Conference on Drug Discovery and Translational Medicine 2018 (ICDDTM '18) “Seizing Opportunities and Addressing Challenges of Precision Medicine”. doi: 10.3389/conf.fphar.2018.63.00108 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 15 Oct 2018; Published Online: 17 Jan 2019. * Correspondence: Dr. Suhaili Shamsi, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia, sh_suhaili@upm.edu.my Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Nurhuda Elias Seri Narti Edayu Sarchio Faizah Md Yasin Shafinaz Abdul Gani Suhaili Shamsi Google Nurhuda Elias Seri Narti Edayu Sarchio Faizah Md Yasin Shafinaz Abdul Gani Suhaili Shamsi Google Scholar Nurhuda Elias Seri Narti Edayu Sarchio Faizah Md Yasin Shafinaz Abdul Gani Suhaili Shamsi PubMed Nurhuda Elias Seri Narti Edayu Sarchio Faizah Md Yasin Shafinaz Abdul Gani Suhaili Shamsi Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Dual compound loaded chitosan nanoparticles: synthesis and optimization

Event Abstract Back to Event Dual compound loaded chitosan nanoparticles: synthesis and optimization Nurhanisah Othman1, Mas Jaffri Masarudin2, 3, Cha Yee Kuen2, 3, Nurul Azira Dasuan1, Luqman Chuah Abdullah4 and Siti Nurul Ain Md Jamil1* 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Putra Malaysia University, Malaysia 2 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Putra Malaysia University, Malaysia 3 MAKNA Cancer Research, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia 4 Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Introduction: Chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) have been tremendously studied for its excellent property as drug carrier. However, its hydrophilicity makes it more selective to certain pharmaceutical products. Encapsulation of both hydrophilic l-ascorbic acid (LAA) and hydrophobic thymoquinone (TQ) in CNP were investigated to augment its potential in delivering compounds. Method: CNP loaded with antioxidant LAA and TQ were synthesized via harmless ionic gelation routes. They were then characterized by using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), nanosizer, UV-vis spectrophotometer and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). Result: The optimum CNP-LAA-TQ size produced was 141.5 ± 7.8 nm. The encapsulation efficiency of CNP-LAA-TQ was 22.8 ± 3.2 % for LAA and 35.6 ± 3.6 % for TQ. Conclusion: The incorporation of hydrophilic LAA and hydrophobic TQ in a single CNP organization contributes in the advancement of multidrug therapy, especially in treating tuberculosis and cancers. The emergence of this dual compound nanoparticles is hoped to solve the issue of multitudinous potent drugs with low systemic uptake. Keywords: antioxidant, Chitosan, Hydrophobic-hydrophilic, Ionic gelation, Nanoparticles Conference: International Conference on Drug Discovery and Translational Medicine 2018 (ICDDTM '18) “Seizing Opportunities and Addressing Challenges of Precision Medicine”, Putrajaya, Malaysia, 3 Dec - 5 Feb, 2019. Presentation Type: Oral Presentation Topic: Miscellaneous Citation: Othman N, Masarudin M, Kuen C, Dasuan N, Abdullah L and Md Jamil S (2019). Dual compound loaded chitosan nanoparticles: synthesis and optimization. Front. Pharmacol. Conference Abstract: International Conference on Drug Discovery and Translational Medicine 2018 (ICDDTM '18) “Seizing Opportunities and Addressing Challenges of Precision Medicine”. doi: 10.3389/conf.fphar.2018.63.00040 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 30 Oct 2018; Published Online: 17 Jan 2019. * Correspondence: Dr. Siti Nurul Ain Md Jamil, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Putra Malaysia University, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia, ctnurulain@upm.edu.my Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Nurhanisah Othman Mas Jaffri Masarudin Cha Yee Kuen Nurul Azira Dasuan Luqman Chuah Abdullah Siti Nurul Ain Md Jamil Google Nurhanisah Othman Mas Jaffri Masarudin Cha Yee Kuen Nurul Azira Dasuan Luqman Chuah Abdullah Siti Nurul Ain Md Jamil Google Scholar Nurhanisah Othman Mas Jaffri Masarudin Cha Yee Kuen Nurul Azira Dasuan Luqman Chuah Abdullah Siti Nurul Ain Md Jamil PubMed Nurhanisah Othman Mas Jaffri Masarudin Cha Yee Kuen Nurul Azira Dasuan Luqman Chuah Abdullah Siti Nurul Ain Md Jamil Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

The investigation of alfaalfa effect on the activity of superoxide dismutase in chicken meat in dependence on time storage

This study was conducted in order to monitor the effect of adding lucerne meal to chicken feed mixtures. The experiment was conducted at the Department Food Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. Chickens for meat production - final type Cobb 500 were used in the experiment. Chickens were placed in boxes all together for one group at the beginning of the experiment and from 14 days of age chickens were divided individually into floor enriched cages. Feeding of chickens lasted 38 days. The experiment was carried out without sex segregation. For the production of a feed composition was used alfalfa (Medicago sativa) as lucerne meal, which was added to the feed at a rate of 4%, namely: starter (HYD-01), growth (HYD-02) and final (HYD-03). The control group did not include the addition of lucerne meal. Chickens were fed ad libitum. Chickens were slaughtered after completion of feeding and the meat samples were taken for analysis. The collected samples were stored at -18 °C. Collected samples of meat were analyzed after slaughter chickens at time intervals of 6, 12 and 18 months. In the experiment was monitored the content of supeoxid dismutase in the chicken meat depending on the length of storage time. Superoxide dismutase content was increasing by storage time, while there were some statistically significant differences between groups.

STUDI KARAKTERISASI ANGGREK SECARA SITOLOGI DALAM RANGKA PELESTARIAN PLASMA NUTFAH

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Character was very important cytological nature orchids studied to support the success of breeding orchids. The purpose of the research to study the cytological characters orchid number, size) and chromosome karyotype in order to conserve germplasm. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture University Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Materials research Paphiophedilum glaucophylum, Coelogyne spesiosa, Dendrobium crumenantum, Dendrobium mutabile,, Bulbophyllum. Blumei dan Bulbophyllum beflorum. The method uses squashing methods include : fixation : Carnoy solution of 2 (6 ethanol : 3 chloroform : 1 glacial acetic acid 45 %), hydrolysis (1 N HCl) and staining chromosomes (aceto - orcein solution 2 %). Observations (number, size, shape) chromosomes with a light microscope. The results showed that the studied semuia orchids have the same chromosome number is 2n = 38,&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;medium size chromosomes Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum 4.26 ± 0.14 to 9.73 ± 0.19, Coelogyne spesiosa 0.35 ± 0.03 to 6.30 ± 0.84, Dendrobium crumenantum 2.46 ± 0.20 until 5.33 ± 0.02 Dendrobium mutabile 2.56 ± 0.72 until 6.54 ± 0.73, Bulbophyllum blume 2.76 ± 0.09 until 6.07 ± 0.43 and Bulbophyllum beflorum 1.04 ± 0.07 sampai 1.35 ± 0.16. Karyotype patterns all orchids studied 2n = 38 m except Coelogyne spesiosa 2n = 37 m+ 1 ak and Dendrobium mutabile 2n = 37 m+ 1 sm.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;