Experiential Meaning Research Articles

ЭМПИРИЧЕСКАЯ МЕТАФУНКЦИЯ ПОСЛОВИЦ С ТОЧКИ ЗРЕНИЯ СИСТЕМНО-ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ГРАММАТИКИ М. ХАЛЛИДЕЯ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ РУССКИХ, АНГЛИЙСКИХ И ФРАНЦУЗСКИХ ПОСЛОВИЦ С КОМПОНЕНТОМ-ИХТИОНИМОМ)

The article is devoted to the comparative-contrastive analysis of the Russian, English and French proverbs with a component-ichtionym to reveal the peculiarities of experiential meaning in them. The influence of the system and environment on the grammar of an utterance, necessity of studying proverbs from the standpoint of M. Halliday’s systemic functional approach have determined the authors’ motivation to analyse proverbs in order to consider six main types of processes singled out by M. Halliday: material process, mental process, relational process, behavioural process, verbal process and existential process.

The Realization of Transitivity Systems in Undergraduate Learners’ Argumentative Essay Texts

Transitivity systems define as a system to explore how language concernes in the overall grammatical resources for construing going on. The ability to realize transitivity systems in argumentative essays is important because by realizing these systems, the writer can explore language in process of doing, sensing, saying activities happened in the real world. Therefore, this study aims to explore the realization of transitivity systems in students’ argumentative essay texts. There are five argumentative essays written by students who have a good quality in writing skill. The findings show that the writers have already realized six process types corresponding with participants and circumstances. By realizing all process types in essay, the readers can experience different world so that they will know the writers’ experience in using language to mark experiential meaning in essays. In this case, the writers mostly asked readers to experience with process of doing by material process. Thus, the writers moved the readers’ attention by showing the experience of stating relation of the participants. The relation was showed in a configuration of being in attributing and identifying the participants. Therefore, the occurrence of other processes as well as participants and circumstances makes the argumentative essay text more alive.
 Keywords: Transitivity Systems, Process types, Participants, Circumstances, argumentative essays.

Analysis on a multimodal text

This paper analyzes the contribution of factors other than language such as images, font size and shape, colors, layout, etc, in understanding four features: 1) the information genre, 2) the experiential meaning on science topic, 3) the interpersonal meaning associated with the subjective and objective relationship between the author and readers, and 4) the textual meaning on the logical meaning of the text. For this analysis, a scientific information text (one of the multimodal texts) describing the sun is used. The analysis shows that the multimodal text contributes to the readability of the text through harmonization - i.e., harmonizing the language with the use of semiotic resources aside from the language itself. This paper is meaningful in that it analyzed how semiotic elements can be in harmony with language to increase readability in the situation where the research on the multimodal text has hardly been conducted. (Jeju National University)

Local recontextualization in Chinese-English court decisions translation

Local recontextualization refers to the change in the contextualization of grammatical units at the rank of the word group. It provides a description of the local environment for meaning reconfiguration, and thus plays a key role in the translation of court decisions. Through a purpose-built parallel corpus of Chinese court decisions and their English translations, this study explores the recontextualization of Chinese nominal groups with de based on the analysis of their multivariate structures and the meaning of functional elements providing their (re)contextualization. By comparing the differences in contextualization and recontextualization of nominal groups, this study reveals that nominal groups tend to be contextualized by the Qualifier and the Deictic in Chinese court decisions, and re-contextualized by the Deictic and the Thing in their English translations. In most of the nominal groups, the functional elements with contextualizing roles focus on both experiential meaning and interpersonal meaning while those with recontextualizing roles contribute more to the experiential meaning. The reasons that account for these differences between contextualization and recontextualization of nominal groups from linguistic and legal cultural perspectives are provided.

An Analysis of Process Type Used in News Item

Since the educational curriculum for English subject in Indonesia is implemented around genres, news item has been one of the genres taught in secondary school in Indonesia. Understanding the authors’ points of view and intention will contribute significant implication for learning foreign language (FL). One of the ways of analyzing one’s experience in written language is by using systemic functional grammar (SFG) theory. Therefore, this article aims at providing SFG analysis of process type used on news item. The news item was selected from Jakarta Post, 2014 in which one article entitled 72% of Indonesian people agree with nuclear power plants was selected and analyzed by categorizing its experiential meaning (Gerot & Wignel, 1995). The analysis portrayed the dominance of verbal process existed in the article and it mainly indicate an effective news item.Since the educational curriculum for English subject in Indonesia is implemented around genres, news item has been one of the genres taught in secondary school in Indonesia. Understanding the authors’ points of view and intention will contribute significant implication for learning foreign language (FL). One of the ways of analyzing one’s experience in written language is by using systemic functional grammar (SFG) theory. Therefore, this article aims at providing SFG analysis of process type used on news item. The news item was selected from Jakarta Post, 2014 in which one article entitled 72% of Indonesian people agree with nuclear power plants was selected and analyzed by categorizing its experiential meaning (Gerot & Wignel, 1995). The analysis portrayed the dominance of verbal process existed in the article and it mainly indicate an effective news item.

Metáfora gramatical ideacional: Un recurso clave para la alfabetización avanzada y académica

Ideational grammatical metaphor (Halliday, 1994/1985, 1998) is a linguistic resource of the academic register, which implies ‘objectifying’ the experiential meanings and become less contestable logical meanings. The domain of this resource is important to achieve a state of advanced and academic literacy in different disciplines, so this research aims to identify and characterize ten types of ideational grammatical metaphor (experiential and logical) in Chilean students writing in the areas of Biology and History and in three stages of formation, namely, 9th and 11th high school grades and 3rd year of university education. The findings show that students intuitively use different types of metaphors from 9th grade, however, its use is not always consistent or appropriate. In history, as well as in Biology, a constant vacillation between congruent and metaphorical forms can be seen and, at the university level, a type of characteristic metaphor of the historical discourse is identified.

Embodied Design Thinking

This article explores the thought processes of design thinking as an embodied process of experience. This conceptualization frames design thinking as an outcome of mind that functions as brain-body-in-the-world. To think, the mind expands propositional meaning to become a form of embodied, experiential meaning. The process of the conceptual blending together with the integration of embodied mind and embodied meaning give rise to embodied design thinking, a process that seeks to resolve qualitative differences in transformative situations. To understand embodied design thinking, the article considers examples in cybernetic systems, contemporary cognitive science, poetry, and literature. It also distinguishes between complexity in culture and complexity in nature.

Deep Ecosemiotics: Forest as a Semiotic Model1

Many concepts used in semiotics today are derived from linguistics, philosophy, literature studies and other fields. Yet a genuinely ecosemiotic approach, requires modelling tools that go beyond imagery based on human culture and communication. In this paper, I develop an ecosemiotic research model that uses “forest” as its primary ground. Basing myself on the Tartu-Moscow school of cultural semiotics, I introduce modelling as an analytic method. Then I describe properties of the forest as an ecosystem as well as its experiential meaning for humans. The forest model can be applied in studying common objects of ecosemiotics, but it can also be mirrored back to the objects of general, cultural or social semiotics. The paper concludes with suggestions on developing the forest model in practical research.

Experiential Meaning in Welcoming Speech of Asian Games 2018 in Indonesia

Assessing the experiential meaning in welcoming speech of Asian Games 2018 in Indonesia is essential to do to get the real face and character of Indonesian people, especially for the person who becomes the representative of all Indonesian people to speak in front of other Asian nations. The research contributes in the linguistic field because the data are investigated through systemic functional linguistics to be described further. The research gap is exploring the data found in the sport context in six kinds of processes. The data show that the speaker uses the material process in the first rank (45%) to show the activities done and the achievement, the second rank is for relational process (25%) that the speaker tends to give positive attribute and good identification for Indonesia and Asian nations. The last rank (15%) is for mental process and (15%) is for behavioral process which state about his feeling and his urge by using words about the intention to live in peace in Asia.

Field Variable and Experiential Meaning in Flora Nwapa’s One Is Enough

This paper deals with Field Variable and Experiential Meaning in Flora Nwapa’s One Is Enough. The theory that underpins this study is systemic functional linguistics, which is one of the approaches proposed by scholars such as linguists M.A.K Halliday, S. Eggins, J. R. Martin, R. Fowler, J. D. Benson to mention but a very few, for the study of language and its function(s). In this system, the study of language involves three functional labels: experiential, interpersonal and textual meanings. The study of these different functional labels helps to have a deeper understanding of a text. This study aims at describing and analysing linguistic features which connote experiential meaning in One Is Enough so as to uncover the deep messages conveyed through the novel and provide a new interpretation of it. Both quantitative and qualitative methods have been used in this study. Thus, two extracts have been selected from One Is Enough and systemic functional linguistic theories have been applied to each of them. The linguistic description and analysis of One Is Enough has revealed that women are the most active, talkative and most mentally involved in the different issues discussed in the selected Texts. The results also indicate to what extent children are important in African families. The discussion and interpretation of these results has enabled the researcher to contend that the deep messages conveyed through One Is Enough mainly concern the importance of children and consequences of childlessness in African societies.

Clause complexing in systemic functional lingustics \u2013 towards an alternative description

This article examines Halliday & Matthiessen’s systemic functional description of expanding clause complexing. As a perspective, their description is compared to the Cardiff Grammar’s treatment of clause combining. In particular, the article discusses the Hallidayan approach to the subordinate clause in a hypotactic clause complex: functionally speaking – and contrary to Halliday and Matthiessen’s claims – it is far from convincing that a subordinate clause upholds its functional meanings, i.e. its functions as a ‘move’ (interpersonal meaning), a ‘figure’ (experiential meaning) and a ‘message’ (textual meaning); and systemically speaking, it is problematic to see why all hypotactic clause complexes are agnates with paratactic clause complexes, and why no subordinate clauses in hypotactic clause complexes could be said to be agnate with a prepositional phrase. In the final part of the article, we shall provide principles for a solution to the problematic issues at stake in the Hallidayan approach.

DIY HIV prevention: Formative qualitative research with men who have sex with men who source PrEP outside of clinical trials

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with antiretroviral medication is an effective, evidence-based option for HIV prevention. In England, issues of cost-effectiveness and of responsibility for commissioning prevention services have so far led National Health Service (NHS) England to decide not to commission PrEP. Given the significant lag between the awareness of PrEP efficacy and the opportunity to obtain PrEP through traditional health care routes, many gay and other men who have sex with men (MSM) have turned to ‘DIY PrEP’, purchasing generic formulations of PrEP for themselves on the internet or via other alternative routes. However, there is very little research on DIY PrEP practices and no qualitative study with DIY PrEP users in the UK. A formative qualitative study was conducted in 2017 to inform the development of an intervention (PrEP Club) to support DIY PrEP users and improve the safety and experience of this prevention strategy. Focus groups were held with 20 MSM who are based in London and are obtaining PrEP through means other than clinical trials, to explore their accounts of sourcing and using PrEP and the experiential meanings of these. In this article, we report findings from this first, formative study and present the different practices involved in finding out about PrEP, buying it and ascertaining legitimacy of sellers and products. We reflect on the uncertainties participants described related to actually using PrEP, including deciding on drug dosing and monitoring their health. Finally, we present the results of the discussions participants had about the kind of support they had received, the help they would have liked, and their views on proposed interventions to support DIY PrEP users, such as PrEP Club.

TATA BAHASA SEBAGAI CERMINAN NILAI IDEOLOGIS WACANA POLITIK PEREMPUAN DALAM “KOLOM PEREMPUAN”: KAJIAN ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS ATAS TEKS DI HARIAN SUARA MERDEKA

Critical Discourse Analysis is one of the language studies to uncover certain ideology particularly gender ideology. This research aimed to find out the language choice from the text writer both lexically and grammatically based on the experiential meaning. In addition, it aims to figure out the ideological value contained in discourse text. The data used in this research are 23 clauses in which there are woman words. The data were analyzed by using Critical Discourse Analysis (description, interpretation, and explanation) and Systemic Functional Linguistics approach. The data collection method was used documentation method with non-participatory observation and note-taking techniques. The data were analized by using content analysis method with abductive inferential technique. The result of this research shows that the reflected ideology based on lexical is revealed through the classification pattern (reality depiction), struggled for-ideology words, rewording (showing equality), meaning relation, and metaphor (picturing reality using symbol). In addition, the reflected ideology based on the grammatical is indicated by transitivity namely material process (projecting agent without goal, and target of action and policies), exixtential process (patriarchy bound), nominalization and passivation (hiding agent to cover actors), and negative sentence (defense on woman nature and condition). Then The structure text is analytical exposition consisting of thesis, argumentation, elaboration, and reiteration.
 Key words: experiential meaning, SFL, CDA, ideology

An Interpersonal Meaning Study of two Excerpts from Adichie’s Half of a Yellow Sun: A Systemic Functional Approach

Using the Hallidayan Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), this article seeks to carry out a theoretically founded analysis of two extracts from Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Half of a Yellow Sun to decode both her world view and ideology behind her writing for a better understanding of the whole novel with a view to making her message accessible to the laymen. The quantitative research method employed by the study has helped to recap the linguistic features of the analyzed excerpts in a statistical table paving the way to their interpretation via the qualitative method. The study has interestingly arrived at impressive results. Among others, it is to be highlighted that Adichie has written Half of a Yellow Sun to get important messages across. To descend to particulars, the analysis has unveiled that unkindness, wickedness, violence, heartlessness and mistrustfulness are some of the evils that the Nigeria-Biafra war has resulted into. As a result, by writing this award winning novel, Adichie aims at giving advice to her contemporaries and, more precisely, to the Nigerian current and future political leaders for the country brighter future. Adichie’s selections of modality in the studied excerpts reveal the possibility of new developments of the bygone civil war. The high rate of circumstantial adjuncts has contributed to improve the texts experiential density, and complements other strategies used by Adichie to make her novel very well written in mode. Indeed, these are just some of the results the present research work has arrived at; more remain to be discovered in the section devoted to the interpretation of findings in this paper. The study has interestingly opened up to such further research horizons as experiential meaning, textual meaning, pragmatic transfer, code switching, code mixing to name but just a few of them.

THE REPRESENTATION OF EXPERIENCE IN UNDERGRADUATE BUSINESS STUDENTS’ TEXTS: A FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF MULTIMODAL MEANING MAKING RESOURCES IN MARKETING TEXTS

From the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) standpoint, experiential meanings reflect our experience, perceptions, and consciousness. Research on experiential meaningmaking in tertiary contexts has traditionally focused on areas such as mathematics, journalism and media, science and computing, nursing, and history. This paper aims to investigate the experiential multimodal meanings in an undergraduate marketing course. The data comprised three written assignments and the tutor’s two model texts. The study employed a multidimensional approach by Alyousef (2013), which is framed by SFL (Halliday 2014) and O’Halloran’s (2005, 1998, 2008, 1999) multisemiotic framework for the analysis of semiotic codes in mathematics. The results showed that the experiential meanings in the students’ marketing plan texts were primarily construed through material processes and both explicit and implicit relational identifying processes. The findings indicated how mathematical symbolism is encoded in the multisemiotic texts, in the most economical manner, by using grammatical strategies of structural condensation. The results also noted the extent to which the different modes of meaning were integrated in the texts.

VARIASI KELUASAN MAKNA PENGALAMAN DALAM PENERJEMAHAN NOVEL RONGGENG DUKUH PARUK KE DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS

There is no “real equivalence” in translation; it is always relative, finding the best among the defect possibilities. This study was aimed to discover the the types of variations of the experiential meaning breadth (EMB) in a novel, 'Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk' in Indonesian and English, to find out the EMB variation level.This is a descriptive qualitative endevour, applying a content analysis method, focusing on the experiential meaning, particularly on its breadth dimension. The data sources are two language versions of the novel, Indonesian (Ind) and English (En). The data are clause units of transitivity. The results of this study indicate that the most dominant EMB variation is 0 variation. The intertextual bond is proved to be strong in leading the translators to create the meaning of the clauses. In general the variation level of EMB is very low, 9.16. This indicates that the intertextual context plays a very dominant role to lead the decision of the translator in realizing the meaning. The variations in the EMB in general do not affect the completeness of the meaning.

The Use Of Experiential Meanings in the Drink Labels

This research is aimed at describing the English sentences used on the experiential meaning in the drink labels. Butt, et al. (1996:44) introducing us to the notion that language simultaneously performs three functions (experiential, interpersonal and textual) and one of the functions which is focused on the process is that experiential meanings. The objectives of this research are to investigate clauses and their constituents realized in the English sentences on the drink labels and to map out the experiential meanings realized in the clauses in the drink labels. The writer used qualitative descriptive analysis to find out the characteristics of English sentences used in the drink labels. The object of the study is the sentences used in the drink labels. The unit analysis is a clause used in the drink labels. The data were collected by the use of documents. To analyze the data, Method of data analysis, the writer took some steps; there are identification of 19 products of the drink labels, identification of the labels, identification of the sentences used in the drink labels, and identification of the experiential meaning. The result shows that, the 19 drink labels have 79 clauses and each clause has different constituents there are two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, and ten constituents. The dominant constituent is nine constituents. Discussion on Experiential meaning, there are participant, process, and circumstance. The dominant process is material process. It has 50 clauses. Then the relational process is lees dominant, it has 29 clauses. In addition, the last process is projecting. It has no clauses. It is suggested that labels are good media for teaching English, especially systemic functional linguistics. By understanding the meaning of the labels, students and or readers are able to get the knowledge about the meanings of the clauses in the drink labels. They also can get the benefit of consuming the drinks. The other researchers would be able to continue analyzing for the next steps using different point of views.

SHIFTS IN CHARACTERIZATION IN LITERARY TRANSLATION: REPRESENTATION OF THE “I”-PROTAGONIST OF YI SANG’S WINGS

Characterization (i.e., the way a character is lexicogrammatically constructed in a text) introduces and develops the reader’s mental representation of the character. Previous research shows that in fiction various means of characterization have been used to encode the character’s views of the world, the relationship between characters, and the underlying theme of the story. Considering the importance of characterization in fiction, this study aims to find out what effects the translator’s lexicogrammatical choices may have on characterization and the implied reader’s construction of the character. For this purpose, Yi Sang’s Nalgae (Wings) and its three English translations were compared in terms of how the “I”-protagonist is characterized in four key passages of the story. The theoretical framework for this study is transitivity, a Hallidayan system of how experiential meaning is represented in the clause.

Malaysian vs Philippines News Report

This paper reports on a study on Experiential meaning particularly the main process types used in the reporting of the airstrike event launched by Malaysian security forces on March 5, 2013 during the intrusion of “Sulu Sultan” followers in Lahad Datu. Data for the study comprised text reports pertinent to the airstrike event published in four different English newspapers which are The News Straits Times (NST), The Star (TS), The Philippine Daily Inquirer (TPDI) and The Philippine Star (TPS). A total of 8 texts were analysed. Various methods have been developed to study newspapers representation and stance of controversial issues which include content analysis, critical discourse analysis, lexical cohesion, the use of metaphors, transitivity and thematic analysis among others. However, the framework of transitivity has not been widely used. Hence, Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), in particular, the System of Transitivity propounded by M.A.K. Halliday (1994) was used to bridge the gap in research and the methodology of text analysis was deployed. The study revealed that NST was the only newspaper which highlighted the sorrow and the grief of Malaysians and its Prime Minister in which this newspaper accounts for the most in employing the Mental Processes, while TS, TPDI and TPS highlighted more on the physical actions and the resoluteness of both countries in handling the Lahad Datu conflict when Material Processes were dominant in these newspapers.

An Analysis of Experiential Meaning in Poetry “William Wordsworth"

This paper analyzes experiential meaning in poetry written by William Wordsworth. It applied Halliday Systemic Functional Grammar to pinpoint and analyze the occurrences of processes in the poetry. There are five poetry which is taken as the subject on this research. The analysis is conducted based the six processes in transitivity system. The analysis found that there are five processes coded in the poetry of William Wordsworth. They are material, mental, relational, behavioral and existential. It also resulted that the most dominant types is the material process. It’s meant that poetry tells about the poet’s action in expressing of his idea, feeling and showing in life. This finding also shows that William Wordsworth as the poet uses the material process to build the imagery such as personification, simile and metaphor. Related to the findings of this study, the application of analysis experiential meaning can be implicated in writing and reading academic as well as translators, students and instructors involved in writing and reading pedagogy.