Excessive Mobility Research Articles

Regulation of the Gelatin Helix-to-Coil Transition through Chain Confinements at the Polymer-Protein Interface and Protein-Protein Interface.

Gelatin is an essential material widely used in biomedical applications due to its characteristic temperature responsivity-helix-to-coil transition. However, the current helix-to-coil transition is limited by its single-step behavior and the difficulty in designing a specific onset temperature. In this study, we investigated the fundamentals of the helix-to-coil transition with a focus on gelatin chain mobility. We observed distinctive kinetics of the helix-to-coil transition, which is resilient and can actuate in multiple steps or with a controllable onset point. This was achieved by confining the gelatin chain with a hydrophilic polymer or gelatin itself. The confinement approach serves two purposes: first, it prevents excessive mobility of the generated coils, maintaining physical resilience after the helix-to-coil transition; second, the interfacial confinement between the polymer and gelatin, referred to as polymer-protein interface confinement, restricts the helix-to-coil transition, resulting in a multistep transition process. Additionally, strong confinement at the interface between gelatins of different origins, that is protein-protein interface confinement, shifts the onset temperature to a higher point. This fundamental comprehension of helix-to-coil transition could contribute to broadening the biomedical application potential of gelatin materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Gelatin is essential in biomedical applications due to its characteristic temperature responsivity-helix-to-coil transition. Herein, we fundamentally investigated the distinctive kinetics of the helix-to-coil transition, which is resilient and can actuate in multiple steps or with a controllable onset point. This was achieved by confining the gelatin chain with a hydrophilic polymer or gelatin itself. The gelatin chain confinement prevents excessive mobility of the generated coils, maintaining physical resilience after the helix-to-coil transition. The interfacial confinement between the polymer and gelatin restricts the helix-to-coil transition, resulting in a multistep transition process. Additionally, strong confinement at the interface between gelatins of different origins shifts the onset temperature to a higher point.

Will laser Doppler vibrometry be used in facial aesthetic diagnostics?

Dysfunctions of the temporomandibular joint are associated with disturbances in muscle activity and joint function. It is a coupled joint, so the blockage of one joint requires excessive mobility of the other, which can significantly affect the asymmetry of the lower facial third, or on facial aesthetics. The coexistence of hypertrophy of the masticatory muscles, such as the masseter and temporal muscles, can also influence the change in facial aesthetics and dental arches. Detailed diagnostics of the masticatory system dysfunction provide the opportunity to plan and implement the most effective treatment and restore proper facial aesthetics. Doppler laser vibrometry is a method that allows for vibration measurements without direct contact with the tested object. Doppler laser vibrometry operates on the principle of the Doppler effect and uses a helium‑neon laser. This enables measurements in various fields. In the study, the PDV-100 vibrometer was used. The work presents example studies in which Doppler laser vibrometry was employed, along with a brief description of available laser vibrometers. It also presents the results obtained during the measurement of skull vibrations. Differences in vibration frequency were demonstrated in individuals with temporomandibular joint disorders compared to the control group.

Oxygen Incorporation as a Route to Nondegenerate Zinc Nitride Semiconductor Thin Films.

Zinc nitride (Zn3N2) comprises earth-abundant elements, possesses a small direct bandgap, and is characterized by high electron mobility. While these characteristics make the material a promising compound semiconductor for various optoelectronic applications, including photovoltaics and thin-film transistors, it commonly exhibits unintentional degenerate n-type conductivity. This degenerate character has significantly impeded the development of Zn3N2 for technological applications and is commonly assumed to arise from incorporation of oxygen impurities. However, consistent understanding and control of the role of native and impurity defects on the optoelectronic properties of this otherwise promising semiconductor have not yet emerged. Here, we systematically synthesize epitaxial Zn3N2 thin films with controlled oxygen impurity concentrations of up to 20 at % by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE). Contrary to expectations, we find that oxygen does not lead to degenerate conductivity but instead serves as a compensating defect, the control of which can be used to achieve nondegenerate semiconducting thin films with free electron concentrations in the range of 1017 cm-3, while retaining high mobilities in excess of 200 cm2 V-1 s-1. This understanding of the beneficial role of oxygen thus provides a route to controllably synthesize nondegenerate O-doped Zn3N2 for optoelectronic applications.

The Positive Regulatory Effect of DBT on Lipid Metabolism in Postpartum Dairy Cows.

The transition from a non-lactating to a lactating state is a critical period for lipid metabolism in dairy cows. Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT), stimulating energy metabolism, ameliorates diseases related to lipid metabolism disorders and is expected to be an effective supplement for alleviating excessive lipid mobilisation in periparturient dairy cows. This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplemental DBT on serum biochemical indices, faecal microbial communities, and plasma metabolites in dairy cows. Thirty cows were randomly divided into three groups: H-DBT group, L-DBT group, and control group. DBT administration was started on the day of calving and continued once daily for seven days. Faecal and blood samples were collected on calving day, 7 days after calving, and 14 days after calving. The levels of serum biochemical indices were measured at three time points in the three groups using commercial kits. Cows in the H-DBT group and control group were selected for metabolome and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Our research shows that, in dairy cows 7 days postpartum, DBT significantly reduced serum 3-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) concentrations and the number of cows with BHB concentrations ≥ 1 mmol/L. Additionally, DBT increased serum total cholesterol contents at both 7 and 14 days postpartum. Analysis of the microbiota community showed that DBT modulated the composition and structure of the hindgut microbiota. Metabolomic analysis revealed decreased plasma acetylcarnitine, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, and BHB levels 7 days postpartum, whereas the TCA cycle was enhanced. At 14 days postpartum, DBT altered the plasma bile acid profile, especially glycine-conjugated bile acids, including GCDCA, GUDCA, and GDCA. Correlation analyses showed that the relative abundances of Bacillus, Solibacillus, Dorea, and Romboutsia were strongly correlated with the differential metabolites, which is crucial for the beneficial effects of DBT. DBT improves energy status and lipid metabolism in postpartum dairy cows by modulating hindgut microbiota and serum lipid metabolites.

Nomophobia, phubbing, and deficient sleep patterns in college students

In the current context, excessive mobile device use has led to new issues, such as nomophobia—an irrational fear of being without a mobile phone—and phubbing, which involves ignoring nearby people in favor of using one’s phone. These behaviors are increasingly prevalent among young people, particularly in university settings, and can negatively impact well-being, including the emergence of poor sleep patterns. Given that sleep is essential for academic performance and mental health, examining how nomophobia and phubbing relate to disruptions in university students’ sleep habits is crucial. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between nomophobia, phubbing, and poor sleep patterns among university students, determine whether nomophobia and phubbing are significant predictors of these patterns, and examine the individual contribution of each variable on sleep. A non-experimental, cross-sectional, quantitative design with correlational-explanatory scope was used, conducted from March to June 2023. The sample consisted of 533 students from a private university in Peru, aged 18 to 24, selected through non-probabilistic sampling. Data were collected using the Short Nomophobia Questionnaire (SNQ-5) and the Brief Phubbing Scale (BPS-6), validated instruments with strong internal consistency. The results showed moderate positive correlations between nomophobia, phubbing, and poor sleep patterns. Linear regression analysis indicated that the predictor variables explained 45.1% of the variance in poor sleep patterns. Nomophobia significantly affected all three analyzed sleep patterns (late nights, insomnia, and short sleep), whereas phubbing significantly impacted only short sleep. The findings underscore the importance of addressing excessive mobile device use in university settings, as both nomophobia and phubbing affect students’ sleep quality. Future research is recommended to explore their impact on mental health and evaluate interventions to mitigate these phenomena and their implications for academic performance.

Predictive Modeling Is a Reliable Indicator in Determining Excessive Renal Mobility Single-Center Randomized Study.

Purpose: Excessive kidney mobility is an underestimating challenge for surgeons during retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESL). There is no technique approved as a gold standard procedure for reducing excessive kidney mobility. The study aimed to uncover predictive factors for determining excessive renal mobility by utilizing clinicodemographic characteristics and noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) data. Materials and Methods: The patients were categorized into two groups based on the presence of excessive renal mobility. Patients were scanned with a 16-channel, multislice NCCT, and images were captured utilizing a 16 × 1.25 mm collimation, 5 mm slice thickness. Many parameters including the origin angle of the renal artery, renal artery, vein length, diameter, the area and length of the psoas muscle, and perirenal and pararenal fatty tissue were measured on the images and analyzed. The data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, and the receiver operating characteristic curve model and we used predictive modeling based on three significant parameters. Results: Between May 2023 and May 2024, a total of 140 patients with and without excessive renal mobility enrolled into study. After multivariate analysis, increasing renal vein length and renal artery origin angle results in higher renal motility (odds ratio [OR]: 0.982; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.966-0.998; p = 0.030 and OR: 0.973; 95% CI: 0.948-0.999; p = 0.044; respectively). It also observed that an increase in tidal volume led to a reduction in renal mobility (OR: 1.015; 95% CI: 1.007-1.024; p = 0.001). Predictive modeling was designed based on these outcomes. This predictive modeling accurately estimates the presence of excessive renal mobility with improved 59% specificity and 65% sensitivity (p < 0.001, area under the curve 0.757; CI: 0.671-0.843). Conclusion: Physicians may predict the presence of excessive renal mobility via the predictive modeling mentioned in the current article. They may perform manipulations to reduce kidney mobility prior to ESL and RIRS.

Unplugging Youth: Mobile Phone Addiction, Social Impact, and the Call for Digital Detox

This study investigates the impact of excessive mobile phone use on young individuals aged 14–35 in Kastoria, Greece. It explores how smartphone addiction affects daily life and social interactions. A survey with 30 closed-ended questions was conducted among 150 respondents from May to August 2019. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, focusing on gender and employment status differences. Most respondents use their phones for over 5 h daily, primarily for social media and communication. Findings reveal high addiction rates, reduced productivity, and disrupted sleep. Women reported more difficulty disconnecting and a greater need for detoxification than men. Students and unemployed individuals showed higher addiction symptoms and negative productivity impacts compared to employed respondents. Excessive mobile phone use among young people poses significant challenges, including addiction and adverse effects on productivity, relationships, and sleep, influenced by gender and employment status.

Study on the Crystallization Behavior of Polyether Ether Ketone Thin Films Under Thermal Annealing

ABSTRACTDue to its excellent biocompatibility, high‐temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, radiation resistance, and ease of processing and shaping, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has been widely used in the field of oral medicine. In this study, we conducted an in‐depth investigation of the thermal annealing process of PEEK films at different temperatures. The grazing incidence wide‐angle x‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) results indicate that the PEEK molecular chains tend to align in an edge‐on orientation in the film, and annealing at different temperatures leads to the formation of two crystalline phases, A and B, with a spacing of 4.46 Å for (200) A and 4.69 Å for (200) B. The crystallization behavior during the annealing process was characterized using in situ GIWAXS, revealing an increase in the film's crystallinity in the early stages of annealing. Due to enhanced polymer chains mobility, the B phase is formed. However, during annealing at 200°C, the intensity of the (200) B peak initially increases and then decreases, indicating the instability of the B phase, which can be disrupted by excessive molecular mobility. Mechanical property characterization results demonstrate that as the annealing temperature increases, the film's elongation at break and modulus decrease.

Parent's Perception Regarding the Effects of Excessive Use of Mobile Phone on Children's Health: A Sociological Study in City Dera Ghazi Khan

The use of mobile phones among children has major effects on their health. Excessive and unrestricted use of mobile phones can contribute to various physical and psychological problems. Physically, children who spend excessive time on their phones often lead sedentary lifestyles, which can result in weight gain, obesity, and related health issues. Additionally, poor posture while using mobile phones can lead to musculoskeletal problems, causing discomfort and pain in the neck, back, and shoulders. The study objectives were i) to investigate the awareness level among parents regarding the potential health effects of excessive mobile phone use on children, ii) to examine the perception and attitudes of parents towards the use of children's mobile phones and its adverse effects on children's health as well as study the factors influencing parents decision regarding use of children mobile phone, and iii) to explore the knowledge gap among parents regarding the recommended guidelines for managing children's mobile phone usage. For this study, 280 parents were selected as respondents through a multistage sampling technique. At the first stage, 4 urban union councils (UC # 7 "Block–H", UC # 9 "Block–5", UC # 12 "Khayaban–e–Sarwar", and UC # 16 "Model Town") out of a total of 7 union councils were chosen using a simple random sampling method. At the second stage, 8 localities (two from each union council) were selected through a simple random sampling procedure. At third stage, 35 parents (as respondents) were selected from each locality using a purposive sampling technique. The results indicated that majority of parents (60.7%) were female , were age bunch from 31-40 years (52.5%), said their education was matriculation to upto graduation level (53.6%), were married (98.9%), and having 1–3 children (52.9%) were housewives (48.9%). The results also depicted majority (70.0%) of respondents said their household monthly income was 20,000– upto 50,000 rupees, parents' replied upto 6 hours spent their children to use mobile phone in a day (68.9%), parents sometimes allowed their children to use mobile phone in free time (77.9%) and sometimes allowed their children to use mobile phone in childhood (68.9%). Data regarding various purpose their children use mobile phone i.e. majority (71.4%) of the respondents said that children often use mobile phone for playing games; movies (47.9%); cartoons (55.0%); DIY crafts (49.6%); animated stories (54.3%); motivational content (49.3%); and educational Apps (48.9%). The results indicated that majority of parents (83.9%) were agreed that excessive mobile phone utilization cause neurological (mental health) issues in youngsters', mobile phone helped their child to stay organized (80.0%), mobile phone use likely obstruction with parent-kid association (78.2%) and empowering age-fitting substance and applications for youngsters deal with kids' cell phone utilization (85.3%). The bivariate analysis hypothesis showed that more hours spend by children on mobile phone in a day had significant relationship between more the risk of neurological (brain development) problems (χ2 = 33.882, p &lt; .006). More hours spend by children on mobile phone in a day had significant correlation between more the potential interference with parent-child interaction (χ2 = 30.376, p &lt; .016). Parents more allow to use mobile phone children's in free time had significant association between lower the children stay organized (χ2 = 21.748, p &lt; .005). Parents more allow to use mobile phone children's in childhood had highly significant relationship between lower encourage age-appropriate content and apps to manage children's mobile phone usage (χ2 = 25.726, p &lt; .001). The study was suggested that parents should be monitoring apps and games children download manage children’s mobile phone usage.

Smartphone Addiction and Its Impact on Students' Mental Health

Mobile phone addiction among university students in China has emerged as a significant concern, with its impact on mental health drawing increasing attention in academic circles. This study aims to delve deeper into the relationship between mobile phone addiction and mental health among students, exploring potential underlying mechanisms. A comprehensive cross-sectional survey involving 581 students from Huazhong University in Wuhan, China, was conducted to assess this phenomenon. Our findings indicate a negative correlation between mobile phone addiction and mental health. Furthermore, sleep quality appears to serve as a partial mediator in this relationship, suggesting that poor sleep quality may exacerbate the adverse effects of excessive mobile phone usage on mental health. These insights underscore the urgent need for university administrators, healthcare providers, and families to recognize and address the implications of mobile phone overuse among students. This study contributes to a better understanding of how mobile phone addiction could potentially disrupt mental well-being in the university student population.

Two-layer multi-state SPH modelling of momentum growth and its feedback in viscous debris flow on wet bed sediment

Flow-momentum growth and resultant feedback from bed-sediment entrainment significantly influence the mobility of debris flows and valley topography. Existing models inadequately capture the mass and momentum growth regulated by scale-sensitive, time-dependent pore water pressure in erodible beds, which exhibit pronounced anisotropy and nonlinearity. In this study, we propose a three-dimensional, two-layer, multi-state smooth particle hydrodynamics (TLMS-SPH) model to assess the flow-momentum growth of debris flows on wet beds. Herein, an enhanced Drucker-Prager (DP) yield criterion is integrated into the Herschel-Bulkley-Papanastasiou (HBP) rheology to mitigate particle collapse induced by gravitational perturbations in steep terrains. Particularly, an efficient hydro-poro-mechanics-based pore water pressure algorithm is presented and embedded in the SPH scheme to simulate the pore pressure response. To address the size effect, we rigorously tested the method through a series of full-scale, well-documented entrainment experiments. The results demonstrate that the model effectively captures and reproduces the complex dynamics of flow-momentum growth, manifesting in erosion-induced excessive volume and mobility changes. Our method establishes a clear link between volumetric water content and pore pressure response, further underscoring its capability to delineate levee-channel and deposition morphology. This study represents the first attempt to model debris flow on beds of varying wetness from a particulate perspective.

Towards Understanding Nomophobia: A Systematic Review of Its Prevalence, Causes, and Effects in Educational Settings

This article analyzes the causes and consequences of excessive mobile device use among university students and its impact on mental health and academic performance through a review of studies published between 2018 and 2023. Articles were selected from Scopus and Web of Science databases that included "nomophobia" and "education" in the title, abstract, or keywords, and that were open access. The final analysis included 30 articles organized into 14 thematic categories. The most addressed topics were consequences, causes, levels, and factors that determine nomophobia. It was found that excessive mobile device use is mainly due to the constant need to stay connected and the fear of missing out on social media information. This technological dependence manifests in symptoms such as anxiety, stress, nervousness, and physical health problems, such as thumb and wrist pain, visual fatigue, and sleep disturbances. Nomophobia negatively impacts academic performance by interfering with the attention and concentration necessary for learning. Although educational technology does not seem to be a risk factor, it is crucial to promote a balanced use of mobile devices. Family intervention and education on the risks of excessive mobile use are essential to mitigate these effects and foster healthy technology use. Received: 2 August 2024 / Accepted: 30 October 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024

Compromised macrophages contribute to progression of MASH to hepatocellular carcinoma in FGF21KO mice.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis is well accepted as a potential precursor of hepatocellular carcinoma. Previously, we reported that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) revealed a novel anti-inflammatory activity via inhibiting the TLR4-IL-17A signaling, which could be a potential anticarcinogenetic mechanism to prevent to MASH-HCC transition. Here, we set out to determine whether FGF21 has a major impact on Kupffer cells' (KCs) ability during MASH-HCC transition. We found aberrant hepatic FGF21 and KC pool in human MASH-HCC. Lack of FGF21 up-regulated ALOX15, which converted the oxidized fatty acids to induce excessive KC death and mobilization of monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMFs) for KC replacement. Lack of FGF21 oversupplied free fatty acids for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) cascade synthesis to mediate MASH-HCC transition via S1P-YAP signaling and cross-talk between tumor cells and macrophages. In conclusion, lack of FGF21 accelerated MASH-HCC transition via the S1P-AP signaling. Compromised MoMFs could present as tumor-associated macrophage phenotype rendering tumor immune microenvironment for MASH-HCC transition.

High-throughput screening of 2D materials identifies p-type monolayer WS2 as potential ultra-high mobility semiconductor

Abstract2D semiconductors offer a promising pathway to replace silicon in next-generation electronics. Among their many advantages, 2D materials possess atomically-sharp surfaces and enable scaling the channel thickness down to the monolayer limit. However, these materials exhibit comparatively lower charge carrier mobility and higher contact resistance than 3D semiconductors, making it challenging to realize high-performance devices at scale. In this work, we search for high-mobility 2D materials by combining a high-throughput screening strategy with state-of-the-art calculations based on the ab initio Boltzmann transport equation. Our analysis singles out a known transition metal dichalcogenide, monolayer WS2, as the most promising 2D semiconductor, with the potential to reach ultra-high room-temperature hole mobilities in excess of 1300 cm2/Vs should Ohmic contacts and low defect densities be achieved. Our work also highlights the importance of performing full-blown ab initio transport calculations to achieve predictive accuracy, including spin–orbital couplings, quasiparticle corrections, dipole and quadrupole long-range electron–phonon interactions, as well as scattering by point defects and extended defects.

Analysis of heart rate variability in assessing the autonomic status of tuberculosis patients and in combination with HIV infection

In this study, a comprehensive instrumental assessment of the autonomic status of tuberculosis patients and those with concomitant HIV infection at the beginning and during treatment was conducted, revealing the structure of dysfunction through heart rate variability analysis. Correcting the identified disorders will enhance the effectiveness of treatment through a comprehensive individualized approach.The aim of the study: to assess the autonomic status of patients with tuberculosis and concomitant HIV infection during the course of treatment using spectral analysis of heart rate variability and to determine its clinical significance.Materials and methods. The study involved 195 participants. They were divided into two groups: a control group of 70 healthy individuals and an observation group of 125 newly diagnosed patients with infiltrative and disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, further divided into two subgroups. The first subgroup included 64 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, and the second subgroup included 61 patients with tuberculosis combined with HIV infection. The structure of the autonomic nervous system was studied using the computer complex «Varicard 2.51» for processing variocardiograms and analyzing heart rate variability (Registration certificate for medical device dated 10.12.2007 No. FSR 2007/01390). All patients were examined under identical conditions. Calculations were performed using SPSS Statistics v. 23.Results and discussion. The data on the assessment of the state and dynamics of the total power spectrum of RR intervals (TP) in the control group and in patients with tuberculosis and concomitant HIV infection in subgroups 1 and 2 of the observation group during treatment are presented. When comparing the frequency of TP above the «normal zone» in the control group and subgroup 1 of the observation group (t1= 3.30; p1&lt;0.01; t2=1.70; p2&gt;0.05), in the control group and subgroup 2 of the observation group (t1=3.51; p1&lt;0.01; t2=2.64; p2&lt;0.01), statistically significant differences were found in subgroup 1 before treatment and in subgroup 2 before and after treatment. The significant decrease in TP levels above the «normal zone» in patients of subgroups 1 and 2 before treatment indicated significant mobilization of the body’s regulatory system reserves needed to maintain vital functions. By the end of the hospital treatment stage, TP levels had not recovered in patients of subgroup 2, marking more pronounced regulatory disturbances in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis combined with HIV infection.Conclusion. The assessment of the state of regulatory systems and the body’s reserves based on heart rate variability indicators showed that in healthy individuals, these systems were at levels ensuring the body’s normal homeostatic balance with the regulatory systems functioning normally without excessive stress and high resource mobilization. In patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the state of regulatory systems was at a lower level, especially in patients with concomitant HIV infection.

EXAMINING MOBILE ADDICTION AND ITS IMPACT ON ENGINEERING STUDENTS IN COIMBATORE: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY

This study investigates the phenomenon of mobile addiction among engineering students in Coimbatore, a city renowned for its prestigious engineering institutions. Mobile addiction, characterized by excessive and compulsive use of smart phones, has become a pressing concern in higher education due to its potential adverse effects on academic performance, social relationships, and mental health. Utilizing a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 300 engineering students across various colleges in Coimbatore. The study examines the prevalence of mobile addiction, its impact on academic outcomes, social interactions, and psychological well-being, and identifies contributing factors such as academic pressure, social media usage, and availability of entertainment apps. Findings reveal that 65% of respondents exhibit signs of mobile addiction, with a higher incidence among male students and those in their first and second years of study. A significant correlation was found between high mobile usage and lower academic performance, highlighting distractions during lectures and study sessions as major issues. Socially, over half of the students reported feelings of isolation and conflicts in relationships due to excessive mobile use, alongside symptoms of anxiety and depression. The study underscores the urgent need for interventions to address mobile addiction in this demographic. Recommendations include implementing awareness programs, promoting digital well-being, encouraging face-to-face interactions, and providing counselling services to help students manage their mobile phone use effectively. By addressing these challenges, educational institutions can foster a healthier, more balanced approach to mobile technology, enhancing both academic success and overall well-being among engineering students in Coimbatore.

PREVALENCE OF ANXIETY SYMPTOMS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADULTS IN NORTHWEST SYRIA

Introduction: In Northwest Syria, an area plagued by persistent conflict and instability, our understanding of the prevalence of anxiety remains limited. The aim of this study is to assess the occurrence of anxiety symptoms among adults living in Northwest Syria. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with a cross-sectional approach, this research delves into the adult population residing in designated sub-districts of Northwest Syria, with a special emphasis on the Idlib district, covering both Idlib city and Atmeh camps. Targeting individuals aged 18 years and older, the study employed a straightforward random sampling method to recruit participants from these localities. Results: A total of 890 adults participated to the study. Nearly half of the participants (49%) identified as male, while over half (58%) were below 40 years old, and the majority (79%) were married. The findings revealed that 75% of participants exhibited symptoms of anxiety. Moreover, prolonged mobile phone usage, exceeding 4 hours daily, exhibited a correlation with heightened anxiety symptoms prevalence. Notably, geographical location acted as a modifier in the relationship between anxiety symptoms and mobile phone usage. Specifically, individuals in Idlib city demonstrated increased odds of anxiety symptoms with excessive phone usage. Conclusion: The study revealed a significant increase in anxiety symptoms, notably associated with excessive mobile phone usage, geographical location, gender, and income level. Women and those with lower incomes were notably vulnerable, with discernible variations observed across specific locations. Various factors, including those highlighted in the findings, alongside external influences such as the recent earthquake and persistent political unrest, collectively contribute to heightened susceptibility to anxiety among individuals in this region.

Unravelling habituation for COVID-19-related information: A panel data study in Japan.

This study examines people's habituation to COVID-19-related information over almost three years. Using publicly available data from 47 Japanese prefectures, I analyse how human mobility responded to COVID-19-related information, such as the number of COVID-19-infected cases, the declaration of a state of emergency (DSE), and several doses of vaccine using an interactive effects model, which is a type of panel data regression. The results show that Japanese citizens were generally fearful and cautious during the first wave of the unknown infection. As such, a 1% week-on-week increase in the number of infected cases results in a decrease in human mobility by 1.09-percentage-point (pp) week-on-week. However, they gradually became habituated to similar infection information during the subsequent waves, which is reflected in 0.71 pp and 0.29 pp decreases in human mobility in the second and third waves. Nevertheless, the level of habituation decreased in response to the different types of the infection, such as new variants in the fourth wave, with 0.50 pp decrease. By contrast, regarding the DSE, it is more plausible to consider that human mobility responds to varying requests rather than habituate them. Whereas a rapid vaccination program could alleviate people's concerns. I also find spatial spillovers of infection information on human mobility using a spatial weight matrix included in the regression model. However, there is no evidence of DSE or vaccination spatial spillovers, likely because both are valid only in one's own prefecture. The implementation of flexible human mobility control policies by closely monitoring human mobility can prevent excessive or insufficient mobility control requests. Such a flexible policy can efficiently suppress infection spread and prevent economic activity reduction more than necessary. These implications are useful for evidence-based policymaking during future pandemics.

Assessing the Impact of Mobile Phone use on Psychological Health and Academic Achievement of Medical Students

We have entered the era of the mobile phone. Without knowing the hazards, which may include cancer and other health concerns, using these drugs is not "quite" safe. While research on the cancers caused by mobile phone radiation is accessible, further research on the detrimental psychological and physiological effects is required, particularly for heavy users like college students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the amount of time students spend on their mobile phones and their psychological well-being in urban educational institutions offering professional courses. Materials and procedures: We randomly chose high school and college students from urban and rural areas and gave them a survey to gauge their thoughts and feelings on the effects of mobile phone use on their well- being. Findings: Headaches were reported by 51.47 percent of patients, followed by irritation and anger at 50.79 and 50.79 percent, respectively. Apathy, poor academic performance, insomnia, and anxiety are among the frequent cognitive disorders. It is crucial to educate young people about the possible mental health hazards of excessive mobile phone usage and advise them to take precautions since they are the most likely to use cell phones often. The reason for this is because the demographic that uses mobile phones the most is the younger generation. Some suggestions include spending less time chatting and more time communicating, as well as reducing dependence on technology.

The vertical mobility of the first tarsometatarsal joint during demi-plié with forced turnout in ballet dancers

The forced turnout has a perceived risk of development of hallux valgus (HV) in ballet dancers. We determined how the forced turnout affects the sagittal mobility of the first tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint, which is one of the pathogenic factors of HV development. Seventeen female ballet dancers (body mass index: 18.2 ± 1.8 kg/m2) were included and performed demi-plié in control, functional turnout, and forced turnout conditions. Ultrasound imaging synchronized with a three-dimensional motion analysis system was used for measuring the vertical locations of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform (MC) to evaluate the first TMT joint mobility. Plantar displacement of MC and the first TMT joint mobility in the forced turnout were the greatest among the 3 conditions. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the greater extent of the forcing angle might increase the displacement of MC and the first TMT joint mobility. Evaluating the sagittal mobility of the first TMT joint in the forced turnout can assist in understanding the association between inappropriate techniques including the forced turnout and HV development in ballet dancers. Since the excessive mobility of the first TMT joint is a factor in HV development, the acquirement of adequate active turnout may have the potential to prevent HV development in ballet dancers.