Excessive Mobility Research Articles

Smartphones and academic performance: evidence from India

Purpose This paper aims to explore the impact of excessive smartphone use on students’ academic performance. In today’s digitalized world, smartphones have become a vital device in human lives and have taken control over every aspect of day-to-day activities. Design/methodology/approach After a thorough literature review, the factors associated with smartphone use that impact student performance were identified, and a conceptual framework was developed. Further, a survey was conducted by contacting 264 students pursuing higher education in India to test the model. Structural equation modeling was adopted to test the hypotheses. Findings Results indicate that there is no direct impact of excessive mobile phone use on student performance. However, it can be observed that excessive mobile phone use impacts student performance indirectly mediated by technoference. Research limitations/implications This study was conducted among students pursuing higher education in cosmopolitan cities with representation from India. Future studies can test the model among students in tier two cities and rural areas and primary and high school students for more insights. Practical implications This study has suggestions for college management to promote a hybrid learning model and prohibit using smartphones in classrooms and academic areas. Originality/value This study is among the earliest to explore the impact of technoference in an academic environment.

Activation of Transcription Factor EB Is Associated With Adipose Tissue Lipolysis in Dairy Cows With Subclinical Ketosis.

Excessive lipid mobilization for adipose tissue caused by severe negative energy balance is the pathological basis for subclinical ketosis (SCK) in dairy cows. In non-ruminants, transcription factor EB (TFEB) was reported to play a role in the regulation of lipid catabolism, but its role in the control of lipolysis in the bovine is unknown. The present study aimed to determine whether the enhanced TFEB transcriptional activity contributes to lipolysis of adipose tissue in SCK cows, and to explore the possibility of establishing a therapeutic strategy by using TFEB as a target to control lipolysis. Thirty cows with similar lactation number (median = 3, range = 2–4) and days in milk (median = 6 d, range = 3–9) were selected into a healthy control (n = 15) and SCK (n = 15) group, and used for subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies and blood sampling. Adipocytes from healthy Holstein calves were used as a model for in vitro studies involving treatment with 10 μM isoproterenol (ISO) for 0, 1, 2 and 3 h, 250 nM of the TFEB activator Torin1 for 3 h, or used for transfection with TFEB small interfering RNA for 48 h followed by treatment with 10 μM ISO for 3 h. Compared with healthy cows, adipose tissue in SCK cows showed increased lipolysis accompanied by enhanced TFEB transcriptional activity. In vitro, ISO and Torin1 treatment increased lipolysis and enhanced TFEB transcriptional activity in calf adipocytes. However, knockdown of TFEB attenuated ISO-induced lipolysis in adipocytes. Overall, these findings indicated that enhanced transcriptional activity of TFEB may contribute to lipolysis of adipose tissue in dairy cows with SCK. The regulation of TFEB activity may be an effective therapeutic strategy for controlling overt lipolysis in ketotic cows.

The Influence of Sociodemographic Factors on Mobile Device Use among Young Children in Putrajaya, Malaysia.

Technology is evolving rapidly around the world, and the use of mobile devices is increasing every day. Today, everyone owns a mobile device, including young children. Parents provide and allow young children to use mobile devices for various purposes. Due to the fact of these circumstances, children begin to become comfortable with the use of mobile devices, and they are prone to excessive use. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of sociodemographic factors on excessive mobile device use among young children. Sociodemographic variables, including the child’s gender, the child’s age when starting to use a mobile device, the parent’s educational level, household income, type of application used, and the purpose of giving a mobile device to the child, were selected as predictive factors. A cross-sectional survey study design with a quantitative approach was conducted. A simple random sampling technique was employed, and a total of 364 parents completed the adapted questionnaire, namely, the Problematic Mobile Phone Use Scale (PMPUS). Data were statistically analyzed using descriptive and binary logistic regression analysis. The findings revealed that gender, age of the child when starting to use mobile devices, and purpose of parents providing mobile devices significantly contributed to 77.7% of the variance to make children users with a problem. However, the parent’s educational level, household income, and type of application did not significantly contribute to the problem of mobile device use. Later, this study discusses the research implication, limitation, and recommendation for future research based on the finding.

The promise of excess mobility analysis: measuring episodic-mobility with geotagged social media data

ABSTRACT Human mobility studies have become increasingly important and diverse in the past decade with the support of social media big data that enables human mobility to be measured in a harmonized and rapid manner. However, what is less explored in the current scholarship is episodic mobility as a special type of human mobility defined as the abnormal mobility triggered by episodic events excess to the normal range of mobility at large. Drawing on a large-scale systematic collection of 1.9 billion geotagged Twitter data from 2017 to 2020, this study contributes to the first empirical study of episodic mobility by producing a daily Twitter census of visitors at the U.S. county level and proposing multiple statistical approaches to identify and quantify episodic mobility. It is followed by four case studies of episodic mobility in U.S. national wide to showcase the great potential of Twitter data and our proposed method to detect episodic mobility subject to episodic events that occur both regularly and sporadically. This study provides new insights on episodic mobility in terms of its conceptual and methodological framework and empirical knowledge, which enriches the current mobility research paradigm.

Major Nutritional Metabolic Alterations Influencing the Reproductive System of Postpartum Dairy Cows.

Early successful conception of postpartum dairy cows is crucial in determining the optimum reproductive efficiency and profitability in modern dairy farming. Due to the inherent high production potential of modern dairy cows, the extra stress burden of peri-parturient events, and associated endocrine and metabolic changes causes negative energy balance (NEBAL) in postpartum cows. The occurrence of NEBAL is associated with excessive fat mobilization in the form of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs). The phenomenon of NEFA mobilization furthers with occurrence of ketosis and fatty liver in postpartum dairy cows. High NEFAs and ketones are negatively associated with health and reproductive processes. An additional burden of hypocalcemia, ruminal acidosis, and high protein metabolism in postpartum cows presents further consequences for health and reproductive performance of postpartum dairy cows. This review intends to comprehend these major nutritional metabolic alterations, their mechanisms of influence on the reproduction process, and relevant mitigation strategies.

Excessive Mobile Use and Family-Work Conflict: A Resource Drain Theory Approach to Examine Their Effects on Productivity and Well-Being

Excessive Mobile Use and Family-Work Conflict: A Resource Drain Theory Approach to Examine Their Effects on Productivity and Well-Being

The association of mobile screen time and elevated blood pressure during the COVID-19 pandemic

Excessive mobile screen time (MST) is more pronounced in youth. Excessive MST can increase sedentary lifestyle and detrimental health consequences such as elevated blood pressure (EBP), evolving rapidly into worse cardiovascular disturbances. This study examined the association between mobile screen time and high blood pressure in medical college students. This study was cross-sectional, involving 102 undergraduate medical students. Mobile screen time was obtained from Screen Time Monitor for iOs and Screen Time – Restrain Yourself & Parental Control Ver. 2.1.1. MST was considered low if

The association of mobile screen time and elevated blood pressure during the covid-19 pandemic

Excessive mobile screen time (MST) is more pronounced in youth. Excessive MST can increase sedentary lifestyle and detrimental health consequences such as elevated blood pressure (EBP), evolving rapidly into worse cardiovascular disturbances. This study examined the association between mobile screen time and high blood pressure in medical college students. This study was cross-sectional, involving 102 undergraduate medical students. Mobile screen time was obtained from Screen Time Monitor for iOs and Screen Time – Restrain Yourself & Parental Control Ver. 2.1.1. MST was considered low if

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CELL PHONE USAGE AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN

The adverse effects of excessive mobile phone (MP) use on children include deprivation from sleep, increased risk of lack of concentration, depression, anxiety and obesity. No such study has been conducted in children from Pakistan. Objectives: To assess the association of MP usage and musculoskeletal disorders in school going children. Methods: This was a cross sectional survey. Data were collected from different private schools of Karachi, Pakistan. Convenient non probability sampling technique was used. A sample size of 385 students was taken keeping a confidence interval of 95% with 5% margin of error. Results: A total of 385 subjects participated. It was also noticed that 75.6% (291) students have smart phone and 5.2% (20) have conventional phone and remaining 19.2% (74) have camera phone. It was noticed that the participants 306 (79.5%) said they slept for 1–2[Formula: see text]h daily and 30 (7.8%) had sleep for 3–4[Formula: see text]h daily. One hundred and four 104 (27%) had noticed pain in neck. Conclusion: The use of MP for any activity was associated with sleep deprivation and pain in wrist/hands followed by neck and upper back pain. The usage of MP should be limited to avoid the stress on musculoskeletal parts of the body.

Smartphone Abuse Amongst Adolescents: The Role of Impulsivity and Sensation Seeking.

Adolescence is the stage of development where the reward and emotional regulation systems are yet to be adjusted and where most excessive behaviors start, like smartphone abuse. In addition, in this evolutionary period adolescents are more susceptible to behavioral changes through specific interventions or educational programs. Thus, it is fundamental to analyze the personality profile of those adolescents showing excessive mobile phone usage to properly approach later prevention strategies. Impulsivity is one of the most repeated variables associated with teenage addictions, although it has been observed that not all impulsive behaviors need to be detrimental. The aim of this study is to analyze how impulsivity affects smartphone addiction directly, but also indirectly, by assessing its association with sensation seeking variables (thrill and adventure seeking, experience seeking, disinhibition, and boredom susceptibility) which are in turn decisive when using these technologies improperly. The sample was made up of 614 adolescents aged 13–18 attending secondary education from Burgos, Spain. Dickman Impulsivity Inventory, Sensation Seeking Scale, and Ad-hoc questionnaire on adolescent self-perception as to smartphone use were applied. Results show that 41.4% of participants admit to abusing smartphones sometimes, while 18.3% admit to abusing them more frequently and 24% to, at least ever, having defined themselves as smartphone addicts. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that gender (female), dysfunctional impulsivity and sensation seeking (disinhibition and thrill and adventure seeking) evidence 15.7% of variance in smartphone abuse. In addition, sensation seeking (thrill and adventure seeking, disinhibition, and boredom susceptibility) were found to mediate the relationship between dysfunctional impulsivity and smartphone abuse. Therefore, dysfunctional impulsivity was directly connected with teenage smartphone abuse, but also had an indirect stronger association through thrill and adventure seeking, disinhibition and boredom susceptibility.

Teaching NeuroImage: Traumatic Dissection of Lenticulostriate Arteries Within an Enlarged Perivascular Space

A 33-year-old woman was admitted with right side hemiplegia after head trauma. Brain MRI revealed an acute ischemic stroke in the left lenticulostriate territory and a parenchymal hematoma (Figure 1). The hematoma occurred within an enlarged perivascular space (PVS), which had been incidentally discovered 10 years earlier.1,2 It was suspected that a traumatic dissection of lenticulostriate arteries within the PVS was responsible for both ischemic and hemorrhagic events (Figure 1). Healing of the hematoma and disappearance of the PVS and the lenticulostriate arteries were observed 2 months later (Figure 2). Excessive mobility of lenticulostriate arteries within an enlarged PVS may explain the mechanism of traumatic dissection in this case.

High carrier mobility in single-crystal PtSe2 grown by molecular beam epitaxy on ZnO(0001)

PtSe2 is attracting considerable attention as a high mobility two-dimensional material with envisioned applications in microelectronics, photodetection and spintronics. The growth of high quality PtSe2 on insulating substrates with wafer-scale uniformity is a prerequisite for electronic transport investigations and practical use in devices. Here, we report the growth of highly oriented few-layers PtSe2 on ZnO(0001) by molecular beam epitaxy. The crystalline structure of the films is characterized with electron and x-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The comparison with PtSe2 layers grown on graphene, sapphire, mica, SiO2 and Pt(111) shows that among insulating substrates, ZnO(0001) yields films of superior structural quality. Hall measurements performed on epitaxial ZnO/PtSe2 with five monolayers of PtSe2 show a clear semiconducting behaviour and a high mobility in excess of 200 cm2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature and up to 447 cm2 V−1 s−1 at low temperature.

Mobile Phones: Vital Addiction or Lethal Addiction? Mobile Phone Usage Patterns and Assessment of Mobile Addiction among Undergraduate Medical Students in Telangana, India.

Background Increased mobile phone usage among undergraduate medical students causes a detrimental effect on their health. The main focus of this study is to determine the pattern of mobile phone usage among undergraduate medical students in Hyderabad, India, and the detrimental effect on their health due to excess mobile use. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students from various medical colleges in Hyderabad, India, from September 2020 to January 2021. Data were collected from 626 respondents using a semistructured, pretested questionnaire. Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) was used to assess the risk of smartphone addiction. Microsoft Excel and SAS were employed to analyze the data. Associations were examined using Fisher's exact test. Results 100% of the respondents were using mobiles, with 83.2% spending more than 4 hours on them. Only 22% reported that no mobile use during classes. Half (51.6%) admitted to keeping their mobiles close by while sleeping. 84.3% used social networking apps via their mobiles. Common symptoms arising from prolonged mobile usage included eye strain (67.9%), blurred vision (31.4%), and numbness or tingling in palms (30.9%). 52.70% of the respondents were at high risk of mobile addiction according to SAS-SV. Screen time more than 4 hours was associated with high risk of mobile addiction (p < 0.0001). Significant association was found between high risk of mobile addiction and eye strain (p < 0.0001), blurry vision (p=0.0115), numbness/tingling in palms (p < 0.0001), and heat/tingling in the auditory area (p < 0.0001). Conclusion The study shows the alarming rate of risk of smartphone addiction among medical students. Students can be encouraged to assess their mobile addiction status and become aware of the issue. More research may be performed to develop standardized tools for early identification of mobile addiction and appropriate therapies for its rectification.

Smart node relocation (SNR) and connectivity restoration mechanism for wireless sensor networks

Node failures are inevitable in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) because sensor nodes in WSNs are miniature and equipped with small and often irreplaceable batteries. Due to battery drainage, sensor nodes can fail at any instance. Moreover, WSNs operate in hostile environments and environmental factors may also contribute to nodes failure. Failure of nodes leads to disruption of inter-node connectivity and might also lead to network partitioning. Failure to communicate with each other and with the base station can compromise the basic operation of the sensor network. For restoration of connectivity, a robust recovery mechanism is required. The existing connectivity restoration mechanisms suffer from shortcomings because they do not focus on energy-efficient operation and coverage-aware mechanisms while performing connectivity restoration. As a result, most of these mechanisms lead to the excessive mobility of nodes, which itself causes the utilization of excessive battery. In this work, we propose a novel technique called smart node relocation (SNR). SNR is capable of detecting and restoring the connectivity caused by either single or multiple node failures. For achieving energy efficiency, SNR relies on transmitting a lesser number of control packets. For achieving the goal of being coverage-aware, it tries to relocate only essential nodes while trying to restore connectivity. By performing extensive simulations, we prove that SNR outperforms the existing approaches concerning multiple performance metrics including but not limited to the total number of packets transmitted, total distance moved for connectivity restoration, the percentage reduction in field coverage.

KONİK IŞINLI BİLGİSAYARLI TOMOGRAFİDE HAREKET VE GÜRÜLTÜ ARTEFAKTLARINDA PHOTOSHOP PROGRAMI KULLANIMI

Background: Patient movement and noise artifacts are quite common during the CBCT exposure in the head and neck region. Among the underlying causes are the long duration of the device, uncontrolled movements due to the general health of the patients, and excessive mobility of the patients such as children. In this study, various filter methods and software features will be examined to remove artifacts by using Photoshop program.Methods: Five different images with noise and motion artifact were selected. These sections were followed by specific paths with Photoshop filters. Images collected and corrected in the program were evaluated by specialist dentists. Before and after the filtering in the image evaluations, 1 to 5 criterions were evaluated by the experts. Each section was scored as 1 very inadequate, 2 inadequate, 3 normal, 4 adequate, 5 very good.Results: As a result of the evaluation of 50 pieces of noise artifacts evaluated between 1 and 5, the average score was 4.12 points and the results were 1.62 for motion artifacts. According to the results of the Wilcoxon test, a statistically significant difference was found between the rate of postoperative correction of the sections with motion artifact and noise artifact.Conclusion: Motion artifact and noise artifact which may occur due to many reasons are frequently encountered in CBCT examinations. In such cases, with the Photoshop program, the resulting artifacts can be reversed and can be evaluated from diagnostic point of view.KEYWORDSCBCT, Artifact, Noise, Photoshop

Non-linear spatial linkage between COVID-19 pandemic and mobility in ten countries: A lesson for future wave

BackgroundRestrictive measures enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in dramatic and substantial variations in people’s travel habits and behaviors worldwide. This paper empirically examines the asymmetric inter-linkages between transportation mobility and COVID-19. MethodsUsing daily data from 1st March 2020 to 15th July 2020, this study draws the dynamic and causal relationships between transportation mobility and COVID-19 in ten selected countries (i.e., USA, Brazil, Mexico, UK, Spain, Italy, France, Germany, Canada, and Belgium). To systematically analyze how the quantiles of COVID-19 (transportation mobility) affect the quantiles of transportation mobility (COVID-19), a complete set of non-linear modeling including the quantile-on-quantile (QQ) regression and quantile Granger causality in mean is applied. ResultsOur preliminary findings strictly reject the preposition of data normality and highlight that the observed relationship is highly correlated and quantile-dependent. The empirical results demonstrate the heterogeneous dependence between COVID-19 and transportation mobility across quantiles. The findings acclaim the presence of a significant positive association between COVID-19 and transportation mobility in the USA, UK, Spain, Italy, Canada, France, Germany and Belgium, predominantly at upper quantiles, but results are contrasting in the case of Brazil and Mexico. In addition, either lower or upper quantiles of both variables indicate a declining negative effect of transportation mobility on COVID-19. Furthermore, the outcomes of quantile Granger causality in mean conclude a bidirectional causal link between COVID-19 and transportation mobility for almost all sample countries. Unlike them, France has found unidirectional causality that extends from COVID-19 to transportation mobility. ConclusionsWe may conclude that COVID-19 leads to a reduction in transportation mobility. On the other hand, the empirical results quantify that excessive transportation mobility levels stimulate pandemic cases, and social distancing is one of the primary measures to encounter infection transmission. Imperative country-specific policy implications pertaining to public health, potential virus spread, transportation, and the environment may be drawn from these findings.

The Dilemma of Mobile Phone Overuse: Findings from a Quasi-Experimental Study on a Cohort of Pakistani Adolescents

Background Excessive mobile phone use is a health hazard among school going children. This study aimed to assess the change in knowledge and practices after providing awareness session on mobile phone usage to school-going adolescents. Methods Using a quasi-experimental design, we included 385 students, 13 to 16 years old using smartphones from three schools of Karachi, Pakistan. Convenience sampling was used to collect data through a structured questionnaire. Predictive factors of smartphone addiction were assessed, along with frequency of mobile phone use and its adverse effects on health. Analysis was done on SPSS 23. Results Before the session, 86% (n=331) students used their mobile phone to call their friends which reduced to 71.7% (n=276) (p&lt;0.001). Average length of each call per day before was 5.68 minutes which declined to 4.92 minutes (p&lt;0.001). Before the session, 28.1% (n=108) students thought that mobile phones have a negative health impact which increased to 84.9% (n=327) (p= 0.02). Furthermore, 50.1% (n=193) students believed that they are dependent on their mobile phone which decreased to 31.2% (n=120) (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion We conclude that there are positive effects of awareness session on mobile phone use among adolescents. Conducting such sessions periodically among schools can lessen the usage and addiction of smartphones.

Wandering splenomegaly reduction after splenopexy.

Introduction and importanceA wandering spleen is characterized by excessive splenic mobility due to the laxity of its ligaments, which leads to spleen migration and its long mobile vascular pedicle is liable to torsion. The purpose of this paper was to present a wandering splenomegaly reduction after splenic detorsion and splenopexy.Case presentationA 14-year-old boy presented a symptomatic visible pelvic wandering splenomegaly with torsion of the splenic pedicle. He was submitted to laparotomy, detorsion of the spleen, and splenopexy to the left diaphragm and surrounded peritoneum. The patient had an uneventful follow-up and was discharged from the hospital on the second postoperative day. All laboratory exams went to normal. The size of the spleen reduced from the 22 × 16 × 13 cm before the treatment to 14 × 12 × 10 cm after the surgical procedure.Clinical discussionThe most relevant aspect of this communication is the reduction of the huge splenomegaly to a normal size spleen after detorsion of the splenic vessels and splenopexy to the left diaphragm. Reduction of the splenic size is well-known after distal splenorenal shunt, but this is the first publication of a spontaneous splenic size reduction after treating a congestive wandering splenomegaly by detorsion of the spleen pedicle.ConclusionEctopic congestive splenomegaly due to the splenic pedicle rotation is adequately treated by splenic detorsion and splenopexy in its proper subdiaphragmatic site, which reduces the splenic size to normal.

Insight Into The Spin-Vibronic Problem of a Mixed Valence Magnetic Molecular Cell for Quantum Cellular Automata.

The effects of the vibronic coupling in quantum cellular automata (QCA) based on the square planar mixed valence (MV) molecular cells comprising four paramagnetic centers (spin cores) and two excess mobile electrons are analyzed in the important particular case when the Coulomb energy gap between the ground antipodal diagonal-type two-electron configurations and the excited side-type configurations considerably exceeds both the one-electron transfer parameter (strong U-limit) and the vibronic stabilization energy. Under such conditions the developed model involves the second-order double exchange, the Heisenberg-Dirac-Van Vleck (HDVV) exchange and the vibronic coupling of the excess electrons with the molecular B1g -vibration composed of four full-symmetric local vibrations. The latter interaction is shown to significant amplify the ability of the electric field produced by the driver-cell to polarize the excess electrons in the working cell, which can be termed "the effect of the vibronic enhancement of the cell-cell interaction". This effect leads to a redetermination of the conditions for switching between different spin-states, as well as to a significant change in the shapes of the cell-cell response functions. The obtained results demonstrate the importance of the vibronic coupling in all aspects (such as description of a free cell and cell-cell response) of the theory of molecular QCA based on MV clusters.

ASSOCIATION OF EXCESSIVE MOBILE PHONE USAGE WITH SLEEP QUALITY AND FATIGUE SEVERITY: AN EPIDEMIOLOGIC SURVEY IN SAUDI POPULATION

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of mobile phone usage on sleep quality and fatigue severity through standard questionnaires in Saudi Arabia mobile phone users. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on 251 mobile phone users from September 2019 to January 2020. Volunteer mobile phone users aging 15-65 years were selected by nonprobability convenience sampling technique from the Riyadh city community. The subjects were interviewed about the knowledge, attitude and practice of mobile phone use and were assessed through Pittsburg Sleep Quality index (PSQI) and Fatigue severity scale (FSS). Spearman’s correlations and Linear regression were applied for statistical analysis through SPSS V.22. &nbsp; RESULTS: Mean age of study participates was 32.43±12.8 years. There was a significant increase in PSQI and FSS with the increase daily mobile usage. When participants exceeded one-hour daily usage, PSQI (&lt;1h=3.75, 1-2 h=5.78, &gt;2h=6.85, p= 0.001) and FSS (&lt;1h= 2.25, 1-2h= 3.17, &gt;2h= 3.61, p=0.008) exceeded acceptable scores. Moreover, placing mobile phone inside bedroom was associated with the increase of PSQI (Near Pillow=6.93, Inside Bed=6.16, Outside bed=5.75, p=0.001) and FSS (Near Pillow=3.65, Inside Bed=3.39, Outside Bed=2.58, p= 0.008). There was a significant increase in PSQI (Near Pillow=6.93, Inside Bed=6.16, Outside bed=5.75, p=0.001) and FSS (Near Pillow=3.65, Inside Bed=3.39, Outside Bed=2.58, p= 0.008) its location inside bedrooms. Significant correlation was observed between high PSQI and FSS with daily usage (r=0.213, p=0.001 &amp; r=0.171, p=0.01 respectively). CONCLUSION: Inappropriate and excessive mobile phone usage is associated with poor sleep quality and excessive fatigue in Saudi Arabian population.