Sociology Of Everyday Life Research Articles

Образовательные практики в концептуальном поле социологии

<p>В статье анализируется феномен образовательных практик в современном образовательном пространстве. Образовательные практики рассматриваются в контексте модернизации российской системы образования. Особое внимание при этом уделяется информатизации образовательного процесса, которая способствует формированию новых видов образовательных практик. </p><p>Анализ проблемы образовательных практик осуществляется сквозь призму социологии повседневности и социологии образования, которые позволяют более детально изучить особенности феномена образовательных практик.</p><p>Образовательные практики трактуются как совокупность опривыченных действий, навыков, сконструированных в условиях приобретения и усвоения определенных знаний, включающих в себя также типизированные способы поиска и отбора новой информации с помощью различных средств и ресурсов и типизированные способы взаимодействия с другими участниками учебного процесса. Образовательные практики отражают некие привычки учиться определенным образом, сформированные в ситуации решения познавательно-исследовательских задач. Они актуализируются в процессе интенсификации познавательного интереса и активности индивида. В рамках данного подхода появляется возможность зафиксировать и изучить спектр образовательных практик, распространенных в современном образовательном пространстве, с указанием особенностей их объективных и субъективных параметров. </p>

‘No Condition IS Permanent': Informal Transport Workers and Labour Precarity in Africa's Largest City

AbstractThis article pieces together an understanding of everyday life grounded in the social imagination and everyday experiences of informal transport workers (ITWs) in Lagos, Nigeria's commercial capital and Africa's largest city. The article has two core objectives: to elevate the everyday practices of ITWs to the status of a critical concept in order to advance a sociology of everyday life, and to ground these practices on the precarious rhythm of everyday life as lived by people with the experience of radical uncertainty. By using crisis as a context of action and meaning, the article shows how uncertainty serves as a social resource that ITWs leverage to negotiate the precarious nature of everyday life and to make the most of their time. This foregrounding of uncertainty enhances our hitherto tenuous grasp of labour precarity, informal agency and the everyday struggle for survival in Africa's informal transport sector.

Political Crisis: Conflict Between The Types Of Dimensions Of The Political

In recent years, political crisis has aggravated especially in postSoviet countries. One of the most important tasks in curbing this situation is by finding the appropriate tools for describing and explaining it. The main aim of this paper is to provide an approach to the political crisis in the light of the coexistence of different types of dimensions of the political. The methodological base of research in this context is the post-marxist theory of rupture (S. Zizek, A.Badiou A., J. Ahambnen), hegemony (A. Gramsci) and ahonizm (C. Mouffe), sociology of everyday life and frame analysis, discourse analysis, and the theory of linguistic determinism. In general, this analysis focuses on anthropological dimension (near the spatial and temporal). This is especially based on the the political subjectification, which forms three basic types of correlation of the political. Every type of correlation forms the symbolic and semantic field simultaneously. Thus, such an approach expands the model of interpretation of the political crisis. In addition, it also expands the political phenomenon particularly. It can be interpreted as a multivariance in the context of three types of dimensions of the political.

The Scriptural Economy, the Forbes Figuration and the Racial Order: Everyday Life in South Africa 1850-1930.

Social change and large-scale transformations are as important to everyday life sociology as to macro sociology approaches. South Africa has been a ‘hotspot’ of change with a number of such transitions occurring in a condensed time-period, in particular regarding ‘race’ matters. A large South African family collection, concerning the Forbes family, is used to explore how the processes of change regarding the racial order can be analysed within an everyday sociology framework, focusing on the period 1850 to 1930. A range of documents throwing light on ‘the space of the day’, ‘the world and the word’ and other aspects of everyday experience are discussed.

The two faces of user involvement: Everyday life and local context

In most developed countries, healthcare systems are increasingly faced with political demands to involve users in the planning and development of their services. This article reports findings from an ethnographic fieldwork that investigated an inter-organizational project involving user representation. The project was set up to develop an educational programme for people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). By investigating user representatives’ experiences, our aim was to bring to light more general determinants and conditions of user involvement in health services. Drawing on an analytical framework within everyday life sociology, the analysis explored the dual concept of “conditions and conditionality”, metaphorically described in this article as “the two faces of user involvement”. From one perspective, everyday life experiences – living with RA, encounters with the health system and professional identities and work life – conditioned user representatives’ participation in the project. From another perspective, the local institutional context and interactions within the project framework conditioned the way in which users are involved. The ways in which these conditions changed over time are described, in relation to the specific spatial, temporal and social developments in both the everyday lives of the user representatives and in the local project.

Multi‐Local Living – The Approaches of Rational Choice Theory, Sociology of Everyday Life and Actor‐Network Theory

ABSTRACTThere is no ‘supra‐theory’, which might synthesise potential theoretical approaches for the study of multi‐local living. Three selected theoretical perspectives are discussed: according to rational choice theory (RCT), multiple localisations represent just one of a number of choices, selected on the basis of individual preferences and given restrictions. Sociology of everyday life (SEL) addresses the reproduction of social life by focusing on practices of actors within the various social frameworks of multi‐local everyday life. Actor‐network theory (ANT) provides a ‘toolkit’ to ‘de‐scribe’ the hybrid enactment of multi‐local households. Materiality, processes, and multiplicity are emphasised. Each perspective reflects partial realities of the multiplicity of multi‐local living. It is argued that the modelling of residential multi‐locality pursued by the three approaches is highly productive if their results are compared with one another and interpreted as versions of reality differently shaped, which are partly congruent, partly incongruent due to incommensurable ontological and theoretical positions.

The Significance of Everyday Life—An Ethnographic Study of Participation in Group-Based Patient Education

Drawing on a social phenomenological perspective in the sociology of everyday life, this ethno-graphic field study explores different ways in which women with rheumatoid arthritis perceive participation in a patient education programme as significant to their everyday lives. In particular, there are three ways in which this participation is perceived as significant to everyday life: as identity work, as an extension of “action space” in the practicalities of everyday life, and as a special community based on a common chronic condition. Furthermore, we uncover a difference in terms of what programme participation means to recently diagnosed participants, on one hand, and experienced participants, on the other hand, which is related to differences in their lived experiences of living with and managing chronic illness. This ethnographic study provides an important understanding of how these women create meaning inter-subjectively through social interaction but interpret this meaning individually based on their individual biographical experiences. The findings are relevant both to those who study the significance of patient education (both practitioners and researchers) and to those who are exploring how individuals make sense of living with chronic illness.

The Cloak of Incompetence: A Neglected Concept in the Sociology of Everyday Life

Sociologists have gained great purchase from Edgerton’s (1967) introduction of “the cloak of competence” as an analytical concept, particularly those in the study of deviance and health interested in presentations of self as “normal” and those who have studied professional socialization. Our concern in this paper is with the opposite process—the presentation of an incompetent or less than competent self. Situating our analysis within the sociology of everyday life and performing a meta-analysis of a range of studies, we show that displays of incompetence or diminished competence are as pervasive and integral a feature of social life as displays of competence. We explore the wide variety of situations in which social actors engage in displays of diminished competence and make the case for studying them more systematically as a way of understanding the full range of presentational strategies social actors employ. We conclude by suggesting that incompetence/competence are best viewed as a continuum along which individuals seek to position themselves, engaging in “cloaking behavior” to either maximize or minimize their displayed level of competence. We also discuss the relevance of these conceptual ideas to those concerned with the dynamics of social inequality, and the doing of gender, race, class, power and resistance, suggesting that greater attention to cloaking behavior may serve as a bridge between interpretive and structural approaches in sociology.

Trabalho em equipe/proximidade do paciente: elementos da práxis de enfermeiras na terapia intensiva

Aim: to unveil the practice of nurses working in intensive care units. Method: a qualitative study that used the sociology of everyday life and the concept of praxis as Karel Kosic to theoretical foundations. It was conducted through semi-structured interviews with eight nurses from the intensive care unit of a hospital's philanthropic “Zona da Mata ” of Minas Gerais (Brazil) in the period of January to April 2012. Data were analyzed by triangulation between categories, reference and experience of the researcher. Results: it was found that with teamwork nurses recognize their own role and other professionals as well as have their work recognized and valued. Therefore, being next to patients helps on creating bonds and meeting patients’ needs adequately. Final Thoughts : both factors rescue primordial values nursing assisting in the process of nurses' work and adding to this humanistic values.

Nutritional practices of expectant mothers supported by a family health unit: an exploratory study

Aim: to identify the concepts regarding dietary practices among low income expectant mothers, and to understand the subjective aspects involved on their daily dietary practices. Method: this is an exploratory study, based on the theoretical reference of the Comprehensive Sociology of Everyday Life, performed with twelve pregnant women supported in a family health unit. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews, and treated according to the method of content analysis, using the thematic approach. Results: for the expectant mothers, their diet must be healthy, paying attention to its composition and schedule, however that is not always possible. They are given information and start having better nutrition during pre-natal care, but on the other hand, they need support from health services when facing difficulties. Discussion: the influence of life context was confirmed over the nutrition of expecting mothers, as well as the relevance of individual discipline and willpower towards a healthy nutrition. Conclusion: the adequate nutritional intervention must consider subjective factors that influence the way pregnant mothers have their diet and have their dietary choices.

Om undran inför sociologerna

Sociology of everyday life aided by participant observation indicates that in the lifeworld, sociologists of today can be classified into a fivefold typology (from the highest to the lowest):1. Pegasuses (such as Bordieu, Foucault and Habermas)2. Pegasus-groomers3. Tree-huggers4. Stump-sitters5. Moles.The paper analyses the styles of life, letters, and work of these different types as well as their impact on the progress of sociology.

Práticas integrais na estratégia saúde da família no Brasil: o quotidiano do trabalho em equipa

This is a qualitative study defined by the search strategy Holistic Multiple Case Study based on the Comprehensive Sociology of Everyday Life and originate...

Daily demands in primary care: the view of health professionals and users

In this qualitative case study based on the Comprehensive Sociology of Everyday Life, the aim was to describe the daily situations that require the use of health services from the perspectives of health care professionals and users. We interviewed 15 professionals and 17 users at three Family Health Team units in a city in the State of Minas Gerais State, using a script with open questions. The data were subject to content analysis. It was shown that the demands result from a combination of the population's social, individual and cultural factors. Care is delivered based on the users' spontaneous and, for the professionals, usually, the users are interested in a consultation, generally medical, including referral to specialists and free distribution of medicines. These findings indicate that health care needs to transcend the biological body and understand other dimensions that comprise the users' daily lives in search of problem solving.

The Everyday Work of Lists

The Everyday Work of Lists

Literature Through Recall:

Literary studies and memory studies have in common that the main objects of their interest, literature and memory, may be broken down into heuristic triads: author/text/reader and encoding/storing/retrieval, respectively. The two triads may be compared historically and even blended metaphorically, the latter being a procedure present in most human discourses, including science (see Turner 2002; Lakoff and Johnson 2003). The metaphorical blend of memory with literature, where memorizing is the source domain and writing is the target domain, has been indirectly present in Western thought since Plato’s wax tablet (see Draaisma 2001), influencing the way memory is conceptualized and explained. The opposite blend, where writing is the source domain and memorizing is the target domain, would conceptualize the writer as the encoder of meaning that is stored in a text and later recalled by a reader.1 The second metaphor has not been used nearly as widely as the first one, and the most obvious reason for that would be that the metaphor applies fully only to the writer who remembers the text that he or she had written, which limits the usefulness of the metaphor. But the primacy of the author as the most privileged interpreter of the text has been disputed for a long time in literary theory, at least since Wimsatt and Beardsley (1998 [1954]) succinctly labeled the phenomenon “intentional fallacy.” Furthermore, different interpretations of any literary text make it a reconstructive effort towards meaning constructed by various readers (the common wisdom

Information as exclusion: Towards a critical understanding of everyday life

AbstractThis paper seeks to critique the theoretical components of everyday life information seeking through an exogenous incorporation of the sociology of everyday life. In particular, it focuses on the way in which everyday life spaces are increasingly being produced and sustained by practices of surveillance in order to structure information users into geo‐demographic typologies of information consumers. The argument advanced is that an analysis of the production of space can enable a more theoretically solid groundwork for understanding the relationship between information users and the social contexts of everyday information seeking.

A saúde no cotidiano de jovens residentes em um bairro popular de Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

Este estudo teve como objeto a saúde no cotidiano dos jovens considerando que esses não têm suas vivências cotidianas contempladas nas ações de saúde. O objetivo é analisar os modos de vida juvenis apreendendo os significados e sentidos da saúde em seu cotidiano. Trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa, fundamentada na dialética, com base na sociologia da vida cotidiana. Desenvolvida num bairro popular do município de Belo Horizonte, foi estruturada em fase exploratória e interpretativa, tendo como sujeitos dezenove jovens. Por meio da análise hermenêutica e dialética, a tese foi confirmada. As ações de cuidado presentes no cotidiano dos jovens levam em conta os recursos e os aspectos constitutivos da condição juvenil, ainda pouco contemplada nas proposições da área da saúde. No cotidiano dos jovens, tem-se a expressividade dos modos de vida e da condição juvenil na qual a saúde se revela pelo bem-estar e pelas condições básicas para o trilhar da vida. A concepção de saúde prevalente centra-se nos comportamentos e na corporeidade. Para a promoção da saúde juvenil é necessário partir dos modos de vida juvenis e interagir com eles no cotidiano. As ações de cuidado com a saúde têm um espaço de (in)visibilidade na vida dos jovens e interagem com suas prioridades na vivência da condição juvenil. Revelou-se a importância da proposição de ações cuidadoras nos microespaços e no território em que se expressa essa condição.

Making Sense of Everyday Life

This accessible, introductory text explains the importance of studying `everyday life' in the social sciences. Susie Scott examines such varied topics as leisure, eating and drinking, the idea of home, and time and schedules in order to show how societies are created and reproduced by the apparently mundane `micro' level practices of everyday life. Each chapter is organized around three main themes: `rituals and routines', `social order', and `challenging the taken-for-granted', with intriguing examples and illustrations. Theoretical approaches from ethnomethodology, Symbolic Interactionism and social psychology are introduced and applied to real-life situations, and there is clear emphasis on empirical research findings throughout. Social order depends on individuals following norms and rules which are so familiar as to appear natural; yet, as Scott encourages the reader to discover, these are always open to question and investigation. This user-friendly book will appeal to undergraduate students across the social sciences, including the sociology of everyday life, the sociology of emotions, social psychology and cultural studies, and will reveal the fascinating significance our everyday habits hold.

Serial jako element praktyk społecznych

The purpose of the article is to show how the TV-series — one of the most importantforms of television production — is incorporated into the daily routines of the spec-tators. Michel de Certeau perspective of applied sociology of everyday life and criticalreflection on everyday life is used as a theoretical framework. In the case of TV-series,the routines can take a form of: (1) “logging in” and “reading”” TV-series, (2) movementand sociability routines, and (3) discursive development of received meanings. “Soapopera experience” consists mainly of linguistic practices cultivated while watching theseries, which is a modern form of storytelling, socializing, which changes the audiences’view of reality, its social framework for evaluation and interpretation. A viewer is crit-ical and active; they use consumption processes as an excuse to construct their ownmeanings and narratives, and negotiate the meaning of what is presented to them.

Pamięć o kryjówkach żydowskich

The author applies the modern and popular perspective of sociology of everyday life to the memory of Holocaust. She argues that after the years of painstaking research into the Holocaust, the full picture of the period slowly emerges. Dozens of important books have been published, many important taboos have been exorcised, and recently the search for “white spots on the map” requires more and more effort. Currently, it is employment of the micro-perspective that seems the most fruitful. The author argues that the problem of escapes from the ghetto and finding hideouts on the Aryan side still constitutes to some degree “a white spot”. She therefore analyses the testimonies of survivors and witnesses in order to create a comprehensive description of Jewish hiding places as a sui generis living space. The author also raises the subject of commemorating this aspect of the Jews’ war experience in Poland.