Espirito Santo State Research Articles

Vascular epiphytes in the Grumari restinga, RJ: floristic and similarities between restingas in Eastern Brazil

Resumo A comunidade de epífitas vasculares ocorrente na restinga de Grumari, estado do Rio de Janeiro, foi avaliada através de coletas realizadas no ano de 2014 e complementadas com materiais de herbários e publicações. 37 espécies de epífitas vasculares foram registradas, distribuídas em 21 gêneros e seis famílias. As famílias mais ricas são Orchidaceae e Bromeliaceae, que foram as mais representativas (67,6% de todas as espécies registradas). A riqueza na restinga de Grumari é maior do que os outros inventários realizados na planície costeira do Sudeste do Brasil, no entanto, inferior as restingas de São Paulo, Paraná e da planície costeira do Rio Grande do Sul. A categoria ecológica mais representativa foi a holoepífita característica (62%) seguida por holoepífitas facultativas e acidentais com 18% cada. A restinga de Grumari possui mais espécies em comum com as restingas do Espírito Santo e Rio de Janeiro do que com São Paulo e região Sul do Brasil, possivelmente em função da distância geográfica. Nosso estudo traz a primeira contribuição ao conhecimento da flora epifítica da restinga de Grumari e evidencia uma flora singular com 40% das espécies exclusivas dessa localidade, o que justifica sua importância como Unidade de Conservação.

Ocotea batata(Lauraceae), A New Species from Brazil

Abstract. Ocotea batata, a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic rain forest of Bahia and Espirito Santo States is described and illustrated. Its relationships within the genus are discussed.

Agronomic performance of green cane fertilized with ammonium sulfate in a coastal tableland soil

ABSTRACT The recent approach of eliminating the usage of fire for sugarcane harvesting resulted in managing the crop on a trashblanketed soil, to which a proper recommendation of N fertilization is lacking, a problem that remains in the coastal tablelands of the Espirito Santo State, Brazil. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of increasing N rates on stalk and sugar yields and the N use efficiency by the crop. The experimental area planted with sugarcane, at the first ratoon, is located in Linhares, Espirito Santo State. The treatments consisted of N rates varying from 80 to 160 kg N∙ha−1 as ammonium sulphate, and a control without N, in a completely randomized blocks experimental design. Stalk yield increased with the N rate, and fitting the results to a quadratic function suggests no response to fertilizer rates above 130 kg N∙ha−1. The highest margin of agricultural contribution was obtained at the rate of 100 kg N∙ha−1. The N use efficiency decreased from almost 49 to 38%, when the N rate increased from 100 to 160 kg N∙ha−1. There was no effect of increasing N rates on the sugar concentration, although the sugar yield response was positive and strongly influenced by the stalk production. Results showed the importance of reassessing the adequate N rate for maximizing yield in green cane production systems.

Use of polyvinyl chloride pipes (PVC) as potential artificial shelters for amphibians in a coastal plain forest of southeastern Brazil

We studied the use of polyvinil chloride pipes (PVC pipes) by frogs as artificial shelters in a Coastal Plain forest in the Vale Natural Reserve, north of Espirito Santo state, southeastern Brazil from June 2015 to May 2016. We used 14 plots distributed in the Coastal Plain Forest following the RAPELD methodology of sampling. The frogs were sampled in transects along the plots, using the active search method, with visual and auditory sampling. We recorded two species of frogs (Aparasphenodon brunoi and Scinax argyreornatus) using PVC pipes as shelters in the plots in the Forest. Of the 468 PVC pipes established along plots, 38 of them (8.1%) were used as shelter by the frogs. For both frog species, about 33% of microhabitats used in the forest were the interior of PVC pipes. We concluded that the PVC pipes might constitute artificial shelters for at least two of the frog species living in the community of the Coastal Plain Forest, potentially being of relevance in conservation programs. In altered areas and those in which there has been the loss of types of microhabitats, the addition of these PVC pipes as artificial shelters may represent additional and complementary microhabitats to keep or increase the population stocks of arboreal and semi-arboreal frog species and having a size that allow them entering the shelter. These artificial shelters can play an important role in conservation of these frogs in fragmented areas where the availability of the microhabitats of these frog species were locally reduced.

Hepatic Transplants in Espirito Santo State, Brazil

BackgroundThe Meridional Hospital Liver transplant unit is the only one active in all Espírito Santo State, Brazil, since 2004. ObjectiveThe aim is to analyze data of the first 250 transplants performed by the team. MethodsThis retrospective study reviewed files from patients transplanted in the Meridional Hospital from January 2005 to December 2015. ResultsThere were 250 liver transplants in 236 patients and 14 retransplants. 72.4% were male recipients, with average age of 51.1 years (1–70 years), and the main etiology was alcoholic cirrhosis (33.6% of the cases). Surgical reintervention occurred in 58 patients (include retransplantations) during the same hospitalization, with revision of homeostasis and retransplant as main indications. In the retransplant group, 73.3% of patients died within 2 months. Thrombosis of the hepatic artery was responsible for 40% of the indications for retransplant. The average time between first and second transplant was 223 days (median 14 days). Currently 152 of 236 patients are living, with 1-year life expectancy of approximately 71%. The mortality peak occurred from the immediate postoperative period to 2 months post-transplant (63.8% of the deaths). 32% of subjects did not need intraoperative blood transfusion. The average time of intensive care unit stay was of 8.52 days, and overall hospital stay was 21.7 (median 15 days). ConclusionDespite the logistic difficulties and lack of donors our unit, keep in advance with survival comparable to other national centers (68% to 74% in 1-year).

Vascular plant diversity in a Brazilian hotspot: floristic knowledge gaps and tools for conservation

We present one of the first lists of vascular plants for an area in the Brazilian State of Espirito Santo (ES). Field expeditions were carried out between 2011 and 2016 in four portions of vegetation in Serra do Valentim, ES, to collect samples of reproductive botanical material. After identification, we found a total of 590 species distributed in 327 genera and 112 botanical families. Orchidaceae (61 spp.), Melastomataceae (40), Asteraceae (37), Rubiaceae (29) and Polypodiaceae and Solanaceae (24) were some of the families with the highest species richness. We report 11 new records of species for Espirito Santo, three new species for science and 54 endangered species, demonstrating the floristic importance of Serra do Valentim. Our efforts were decisive in helping to fill knowledge gaps regarding the flora of Espirito Santo state, providing a basis for conducting species conservation and enhancing the value of small forest remnants, which should be considered in research and inventory proposals.

PESCARIAS INDUSTRIAIS DO CAMARÃO-ROSA E DA FAUNA ACOMPANHANTE NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL (1993 – 1997)

As pescarias do camarão-rosa no Sudeste/Sul do Brasil ocorrem desde a foz do rio Doce (Estado do Espírito Santo) até o estuário da lagoa dos Patos (Estado do Rio Grande do Sul), alcançando as espécies Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (Latreille, 1817) e Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pérez Farfante, 1967), que são pescadas em conjunto e convivem nos mesmos pesqueiros. Neste trabalho tratamos das pescarias industriais do camarão-rosa e da sua fauna acompanhante, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro (1993 – 1997), com base nos registros dos mapas-de-bordo da frota camaroneira. As capturas do camarão-rosa decresceram a partir de 1994, o mesmo não acontecendo com a fauna acompanhante; as médias anuais foram 162,7 t para o camarão-rosa e 2.444,2 t para a fauna acompanhante. Para cada tonelada capturada do camarãorosa foram desembarcadas 15,0 t de fauna acompanhante; o aproveitamento desta cresce com a queda de produção do camarão-rosa. As capturas do camarão-rosa se concentram em junho – outubro, perfazendo o total de 74,6% da produção anual. Na composição em peso dos desembarques da fauna acompanhante, 0,8% corresponderam aos crustáceos, 8,3% aos moluscos e 90,9% aos peixes. As médias da produtividade das pescarias do camarão-rosa foram 25 kg/dia = 7 kg/ lance = 2 kg/hora; para a fauna acompanhante, 396 kg/dia = 108 kg/lance = 26 kg/hora. A queda da abundância relativa do camarão-rosa foi bem evidente a partir de 1994.

AVALIAÇÃO SILVICULTURAL DE DEZ ESPÉCIES NATIVAS DA MATA ATLÂNTICA

Com a previsão de escassez de recursos florestais amazônicos é eminente a necessidade de estudos sobre o potencial silvicultural de espécies de outras regiões como a Mata Atlântica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar características silviculturais das espécies Astronium concinnum, Cariniana legalis, Goniorrhachis marginata, Kielmeyera albopunctata, Lecythis pisonis, Manilkara bella, Basiloxylon brasiliensis, Spondias venulosa, Vitex sp. e Zeyheria tuberculosa, nativas da Mata Atlântica com ocorrência no Espírito Santo. As espécies foram plantadas a pleno sol em plantios puros, com espaçamento de 2 x 2 m. Os povoamentos possuíam idades entre 21 a 25 anos na época da avaliação final e foram conduzidos na Reserva Natural da Vale, nos municípios de Linhares e Sooretama, Espírito Santo. Foram avaliados falha de plantio, fitossanidade, quebra, bifurcação, forma do fuste, diâmetro a altura do peito, altura total e incremento médio anual volumétrico. O volume foi estimado por meio de diferentes equações ajustadas para cada espécie. Constataram-se falhas de plantio expressivas apenas para Cariniana legalis, Zeyheria tuberculosa e Goniorrhachis marginata. Apenas Vitex sp. apresentou restrições fitossanitárias. Spondias venulosa, Goniorrhachis marginata e Kielmeyera albopunctata destacaram-se com os maiores índices de quebras. Goniorrhachis marginata, Manilkara bella e Basiloxylon brasiliensis destacaram-se com os menores índices de bifurcação. Manilkara bella, Cariniana legalis e Zeyheria tuberculosa destacaram-se quanto à forma de fuste retilíneo. Spondias venulosa apresentou crescimento expressivo e superior às demais espécies. São necessários mais estudos para subsidiar o reflorestamento econômico dessas espécies, destacando-se estudos de melhoramento genético, técnicas silviculturais, técnicas de desdobro e de tecnologia da madeira que apontem as aptidões de uso.

New management technology for arabica coffee: the cyclic pruning program for arabica coffee

This study aimed to better understand the productive behavior of Coffea arabica when cultivated using the new management of Cyclic Pruning Program for Arabica Coffee (CPPAC), stablished using the same principles of the Cyclic Pruning Program for Conilon Coffee. The experiment was carried out in Baixo Guandu, Espirito Santo state, in the Southeast region of Brazil, in order to test the conditioning of this new pruning management for Arabica coffee (CPPAC) over the crop yield of a plantation of Catuai Vermelho IAC 81. It was found increased crop yield with use of the (CPPAC) over the traditional management of Arabica coffee, considering five consecutive years of production. The (CPPAC) technique can be used as a viable alternative for pruning management of Arabica coffee.

A AQUISIÇÃO DE ALIMENTOS DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR PELO PNAE NO MUNICÍPIO DE ALEGRE-ES

This paper discusses the National School Lunch Program (PNAE) in the municipality of Alegre, Espirito Santo State, Brazil, in order to characterize the process of buying food from family farmers to serve this market, focusing on the evolution of this process from 2013 to 2015. The sources of the data used were as follows: Calls for Submissions and the respective reports, available on the website of The City Council of Alegre; sales projects of rural associations provided by the Rural Workers’ Union; and FNDE (National Fund for Education Development) documents available on their website. It was found that the compulsory minimum purchase percentage was not met in 2013 (it was 15.52%), but it amounted to 116.68% of FNDE’s fund transfer in 2014. The number of farmers of Alegre participating of PNAE grew 2.8 times, from 2013 to 2015, reaching 39 farmers. There was a 54% increase in food diversity, from 22 in 2013 to 34 different foods purchased in 2015. It was concluded that the PNAE of Alegre, even in view of the challenges presented, is fulfilling its role to linking family agriculture with school lunch, helping to promote sustainable rural development while bringing food and nutrition security to children and adolescents who study in public schools. DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2017.26701

Sampling Design of Soil Physical Properties in a Conilon Coffee Field

ABSTRACT Establishing the number of samples required to determine values of soil physical properties ultimately results in optimization of labor and allows better representation of such attributes. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial variability of soil physical properties in a Conilon coffee field and propose a soil sampling method better attuned to conditions of the management system. The experiment was performed in a Conilon coffee field in Espirito Santo state, Brazil, under a 3.0 × 2.0 [...]

Using DNA barcodes to identify forensically important species of Diptera in Espírito Santo State, Brazil

ABSTRACT Accurate insect specimen identification is usually a crucial first step in a forensic entomological analysis. It is traditionally done by morphological classification using identification keys. However, due to sensibility limitations in the identification of animal species based only on their morphology, new methods have been developed, including species identification by DNA barcodes. The objective of this study was to identify forensically important species of Diptera in Espirito Santo state using DNA barcodes. For this, adult flies were collected in Espirito Santo, Southeast Region of Brazil. After DNA extraction, COI gene was amplified and sequenced. All sequences were matched to BOLD platform and alternatively to GenBank MegaBLAST. As result, 281 adult flies were collected and identified morphologically. From these, 36% of samples were classified as Calliphoridae, 34% of Muscidae and 30% of Sarcophagidae. Approximately 10% of all collected samples were analyzes by DNA. It was possible to identify only 35.7% of tested samples, probably due to lack of samples deposited in databases. Therefore, more efforts should be made to deposit a greater variety of dipterous in databases to allow the use of this technique in forensic routine, especially in BOLD.

Factors influencig software migration decision: case studies of acerlormittal Tubarão and the city government of Serra, Espirito Santo

The objective of this research is to identify the factors that influence the migration of free software to proprietary software, or vice-versa. The theoretical framework was developed in light of the Diffusion of Innovations Theory (DIT) proposed by Rogers (1976, 1995), and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) proposed by Venkatesh, Morris, Davis and Davis (2003). The research was structured in two phases: the first phase was exploratory, characterized by adjustments of the revised theory to fit Brazilian reality and the identification of companies that could be the subject of investigation; and the second phase was qualitative, in which case studies were conducted at ArcelorMittal Tubarao (AMT), a private company that migrated from proprietary software (Unix) to free software (Linux), and the city government of Serra, in Espirito Santo state, a public organization that migrated from free software (OpenOffice) to proprietary (MS Office). The results show that software migration decision takes into account factors that go beyond issues involving technical or cost aspects, such as cultural barriers, user rejection and resistance to change. These results underscore the importance of social aspects, which can play a decisive role in the decision regarding software migration and its successful implementation.

SUBSTRATOS ALTERNATIVOS NA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE <i>Mimosa setosa </i>Benth

O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a produção de mudas de Mimosa setosa a partir do uso de diferentes combinações de substratos, sendo eles: esterco bovino, cama de frango, esterco de codorna e substrato comercial. O experimento foi conduzido no Viveiro Florestal do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, sendo montado em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC). Quando as mudas atingiram cinco meses após a semeadura foram mensurados: altura (H), diâmetro do coleto (D), relação altura/diâmetro (RHD), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), massa seca do sistema radicular (MSR), massa seca total (MST) e relação entre massa seca da parte aérea e massa seca do sistema radicular (RMSPAR), além do índice de qualidade de Dickson (IQD). Constatou-se que para a produção de mudas de Mimosa setosa recomenda-se a formulação constituída de 25% de substrato comercial + 35% de cama de frango + 40 de terra de subsolo, sendo essa a que proporcionou as melhores médias nas características morfológicas altura, diâmetro do coleto, relação altura/diâmetro, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca do sistema radicular e massa seca total.

Interação universidade-empresa no estado do espírito santo: o papel das engenharias

Este artigo analisa a interação universidade-indústria no Estado do Espírito Santo. É destacado o papel desempenhado pelos Grupos de Pesquisa das Engenharias entre os anos 2000 a 2010, com base nos dados do Diretório dos Grupos de Pesquisa do CNPq, opção Plano Tabular. A análise mostra que a interação universidade-indústria não foi expressiva, apesar da reorganização e expansão do sistema local de Ciência, Tecnologia e inovação (C,T&I). É ressaltado também que a contribuição das escolas de engenharia é mais para a formação de força de trabalho e geração de conhecimento do que para com as interações econômicas com as indústrias . Isso posto, o artigo enfatiza a necessidade de a universidade se tornar mais inovadora em sua abordagem / interações com o setor privado .

The genus Piper (Piperaceae) in the Mata das Flores State Park, Espírito Santo, Brazil

Abstract The conservation and management of the Atlantic Forest depends upon reliable knowledge about how many and which species this biome shelters. Floristic inventories have an important role in this process, especially when conducted in poorly known remnants, with a high conservation priority. This paper presents the study of the genus Piper (Piperaceae) in the Mata das Flores State Park, Castelo municipality, Espírito Santo state (ES). The study was based on the analysis of dried specimens, as well as those observed in the field, from February 2012 to August 2015. Twenty species of piper were identified. Amongst these species, Piper dilatatum, P. macedoi and P. piliovarium were recorded for the first time for the Espírito Santo state. Piper bicorne, an endemic species from ES and known only for the Santa Leopoldina municipality, had its geographical distribution expanded to the Castelo municipality. Most of the Piper species in the MFSP occur in valleys, and they are commonly found near watercourses. This is worrying given that these areas are just the most affected by the expansion of the rural and urban areas that surround the Park.

A POPULAÇÃO DO MEXILHÃO Perna perna NO COSTÃO ROCHOSO DE PIÚMA-ES, E SUA UTILIDADE PARA AQUICULTURA

A mitilicultura é uma forma alternativa de várias famílias trabalharem reduzindo o extrativismo e pressão sobre as populações naturais de mexilhão. O objetivo dessa investigação foi caracterizar a distribuição dos diferentes tamanhos de sementes do mexilhão Perna perna em um costão rochoso de Piúma, Espírito Santo, e avaliar sua exploração para utilizá-las em projetos de cultivo. O trabalho foi realizado no Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo–Campus de Piúma, onde foram analisadas 16 amostras em quatro tratamentos: T1 - início das sementes no costão; T2 - 1 metro abaixo do inicial; T3 - 2 metros abaixo; T4 - 3 metros abaixo, cada um com quatro repetições em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Foram observadas, pelo teste de Shannon-Wiener, heterogeneidade na quantidade de sementes na faixa de 1,5 - 2,4 cm na distribuição vertical; também nas de 1,5 - 2,4 cm e 3,6 - 4,5 cm na distribuição vertical por peso. A fauna acompanhante também apresentou heterogeneidade.

Performance evaluation of optimization models in the determination of wastewater treatment efficiencies inside watersheds

ABSTRACT Determination of sewage treatment plants pollutant removal efficiencies, considering the protection of water resources, is very difficult because it involves complex analysis that must take into account multiple discharges into watercourses presenting different self depuration capacities. The research aimed to evaluate different optimization models for determination of minimum sewage treatment efficiencies for plants located in a watershed. The analyzed optimization models involves minimization of the sum of treatment efficiencies and minimization of inequity between sewage treatment efforts. Water quality mathematical model and Genetic Algorithm were combined in a MatLab software computing environment. The Pardo river watershed is the study area. Pardo river is a tributary of the Itapemirim river, important watercourse located in the southern part of Espirito Santo State, in Brazil. The results indicate that the optimization models that incorporate measurement of equity as a problem restriction did not generate consistent answers, probably because of the wide range of sewage loads values considered in the Pardo river watershed. The models that incorporate equity measures in the objective function showed satisfactory performance and resulted in very close values for minimum sewage treatment efficiencies.

AS COMPETÊNCIAS DOS ADMINISTRADORES: SEU PROCESSO DE FORMAÇÃO E AS EXIGÊNCIAS DO MERCADO DE TRABALHO

Investigou-se o ponto de vista dos administradores inscritos no Conselho Regional de Administração do Espírito Santo (CRA/ES) sobre as competências individuais voltadas para o trabalho e para o exercício profissional. Utilizou-se as quinze competências profissionais identificadas por Sant´anna (2002) e Sant´Anna; Moraes e Kilimnik (2005) como referência. Sobre a competência investigou-se duas perspectivas complementares: o processo de formação de competências e as competências requeridas pelo mercado de trabalho. Realizou-se uma pesquisa do tipo survey interseccional, com dados coletados por meio de questionário. Os resultados indicam que na visão dos respondentes todas as quinze competências individuais investigadas são demandadas em grande escala pelo mercado de trabalho. Em relação ao processo de formação das competências, verifica-se que tanto a formação educacional de nível superior (educação formal) quanto a experiência de vida (educação informal e não formal) contribuem para o desenvolvimento das competências, porém, a experiência de vida contribui de forma mais significativa.

INFLUÊNCIA DO DIAFRAGMA NO TRATAMENTO PRESERVATIVO DE DUAS ESPÉCIES DE BAMBU POR SUBSTITUIÇÃO DE SEIVA

RESUMOEsta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da remoção do diafragma na qualidade do tratamento preservativo de colmos de bambu das espécies Dendrocalamus giganteus e Bambusa vulgaris submetidos ao método de substituição de seiva. Os bambus foram colhidos em touceiras em Alegre e Jerônimo Monteiro, Sul do Espírito Santo. As hastes foram secionadas em colmos de 2,0 m de comprimento. Uma parte dos colmos teve o diafragma removido, enquanto na outra foram mantidos intactos. Os colmos foram tratados em soluções de 1 e 3% de ingredientes ativos (i.a.) de borato de cobre cromatado (CCB). Os colmos foram mantidos na solução por 5, 10 e 15 dias. Foi avaliada a qualidade do tratamento preservativo por meio da penetração e da retenção do CCB nos colmos. Houve maior penetração de cobre e boro na base dos colmos, a remoção do diafragma proporcionou maior movimentação da solução nos colmos e a retenção obtida ficou, para a maioria das condições testadas, abaixo daquela recomendada pelas normas brasileiras para o tratamento preservativo da madeira.