Areas Of Environmental Risk Research Articles

Beyond greenhouse gases – Comprehensive planetary boundary footprints to measure environmental impact

The planetary boundary framework identifies nine areas of key environmental risk globally. The causes of climate change are well understood as a serious and existential threat; however the other eight areas of concern have a much more limited understanding of what is driving their continued increase.This research utilises Global Resource Input Output Assessment (GLORIA) multiregional input-output (MRIO) tables to map 15 footprint indicators across 51 sectors and seven global regions, identifying key sectors driving planetary boundary impacts and suggesting targeted interventions for sustainability.The relative role of emission intensity and total expenditure is shown, and potential trade-offs and synergies between sectors and indicators are identified. High-impact footprint clusters are identified as food and textiles, and the built environment, with moderate impacts from the services and energy sectors. These relationships are compared to several transformation agendas, identifying overlooked relationships and drivers, including the predominant role of commercial buildings and infrastructure in built environment impacts and the correlation between greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. The primary driver of plastic use footprints is seen to be the built environment, however as a whole chemical pollution levels remain a significant unknown, and the challenge to globally stop the flow of further dangerous substances and clean up existing contaminated sites is large.By providing a detailed breakdown of planetary boundary drivers this work enables decision-makers to understand the risks and issues associated with economic purchases across all critical environmental pathways simultaneously to better prioritise action for a stable planet.

Remote sensing insights into land cover dynamics and socio-economic Drivers: The case of Mtendeli refugee camp, Tanzania (2016–2022)

The purpose of this article is to present the scope and the dynamics of the environmental changes unfolded in the vicinity of Mtendeli refugee camp. It presents a new method, which combines geospatial analysis of high-resolution Earth observation data (Sentinel-1&2) with ground-based observations and input from local experts. Time series classifications of annual land use/land cover in the surroundings of the camp is developed from remote data. Subsequently main transitions and trends are quantitatively achieved. This is a first study which, not only treats the land transition process in a comprehensive manner, but also tracks the changes and their main drivers on an annual scale over the lifetime of the camp (2016–2021) and the post-closure situation in 2022. Most importantly, thanks to the involvement of social studies, it unfolds the socio-economical drivers of those changes. Drawing upon a random forest algorithm and available databases, we achieve overall classification accuracies of 83.5% (2020) and 82.0% (2022). Our findings indicate an ongoing expansion of cropland between 2016 and 2021, to the detriment of natural vegetation classes. The impact of environmental restoration programs implemented in the former camp area is visible by 2022. The proposed method can be used to identify areas of environmental risk and thus support decisions linked with sustainable development and land management.

An ecological study shows increased prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in children living in a heavily polluted area

The burden of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasing worldwide with genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors being possibly responsible for the observed epidemiological figures. In the setting of environmental exposure, the city of Taranto, in Southern Italy, represents an interesting case study as it hosts well inside the city one of the biggest steel plants in Europe. This is a cross-sectional ecological study carried out in the year 2020 in the province of Taranto designed to estimate the burden of ASD in the municipalities of Taranto and Statte, classified as high environmental risk areas (Contaminated Site of National Interest—SIN), compared to the other 27 municipalities of the same province. Differences have been evaluated using the Chi Square Test. Children aged 6–11 years identified in SIN municipalities had a statistically significant higher prevalence of ASD than children of other municipalities (9.58 vs. 6.66/1000 respectively, p = 0.002). No statistically significant difference was observed for the 12–18 years group (3.41 vs. 2.54/1000, p = 0.12). The findings observed in this study are suggestive of the association between urban residential proximity to industrial facilities emitting air pollutants and higher ASD prevalence.

Building resilience: Insights into ecosystem-based integrated environmental risk reduction approaches for urban environments in coastal Bangladesh

The intricate relationship between environmental quality, ecosystem services, and human well-being underscores the importance of understanding and addressing environmental complexities. Considering these issues, this research aims to propose ecosystem-based approaches for mitigating environmental risks within the Khulna City Corporation (KCC) area, while also elucidating the connection between ecosystem services and these risks. By doing so, it indirectly addresses disaster risk reduction approaches, acknowledging the relationship between environmental degradation and increased disaster occurrences. Leveraging multi-spectral Landsat images from 2001 (Landsat-5), 2011 (Landsat-5), and 2021 (Landsat-8), the study evaluates LULC dynamics and quantifies ecosystem service values (ESVs) using the Benefit Transfer Method. Additionally, seven key indicators, including land use-based carbon emissions, elevation, LST, NDVI, NDWI, NDSI, and NDBI, were analyzed to monitor spatiotemporal changes. The weighted overlay method was employed to integrate raster data and delineate environmental risk zones driven by deteriorating ESVs in KCC. Notably, the study reveals a significant increase in highly environmental risk areas from 7 % to 34 % and a decrease in medium-risk areas from 92 % to 60 % of the total area between 2001 and 2021 due to the decline in ecosystem services resulting from unplanned rapid urbanization. Furthermore, a moderate negative correlation (R2 values of 0.56, 0.67, and 0.69) between ESVs and the environmental risk index underscores the linkage between deteriorating ecosystem services and the expansion of high-risk zones. Furthermore, this study advocates policies such as drought-resistant tree plantations, community involvement, post-disaster resource provision, funding allocation, and stakeholder knowledge dissemination to enhance the resilience of KCC.

Zoning, Land Use Management and Nature-Based Solutions in Urban Planning, Where Sri Lanka is Standing

Urbanization rapidly changes the land use pattern in Sri Lanka. Cities are important economic centers and provide opportunities for quality of life. Zoning creates prospering urban planning environments, improves construction permit efficiency, enables agency coordination, and provides widespread participation in urban planning. A comprehensive zoning plan with environmentally conscious zoning contributes to the conservation of natural resources, enhances the ability of climate change adaptation and mitigation, fosters a greener urban environment, and ensures urban sustainability. Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are incorporated by nature; use, or mimic, natural processes to contribute to improvement in given landscapes, small or large scale. Attention to NBS has significantly increased in the recent past and is trying to mainstream NbS into a wide range of policies, and urban planning. This study aimed to explore how zoning and NbS can be incorporated in an urban setting to increase urban resilience in water-born cities. The administrative capital of Sri Lanka, Sri Jayawardhanapura-Kotte was selected due to unique inland urban wetland characteristics and vulnerability to wetland ecosystem due to rapid development in the area. Sri Jayawardhanapura-Kotte is rich with its unique landscape and is a part of Ramsar-Colombo wetlands. The Sri Jayawardhanapura-Kotte Capital City Development Plan (the Plan) 2020 and other relevant national policies were assessed in terms of zooning and application of NbS as a strategy of a sustainable and resilient city. Environmental changes and disaster risk areas were assessed (spatial and temporal changes) utilizing earth observation and GIS techniques, and secondary data were obtained from official records and reports. Sri Jayawardhanapura-Kotte covers 78% of the Greater Colombo flood retention area, and 55% of the area is suitable for flood retention. However, 40% of Colombo wetlands have been lost during the last 30 years due to urbanization. Data shows that most of the wetlands are being filled for infrastructure development, including housing, and it is critically important to conserve remaining wetlands in the area with strict regulations including zoning. The Plan has no signs of incorporating or recognizing NbS in the objectives, strategies, and actions for restoration wetlands, proper zoning system for flood mitigation. Analysed policies lack recognition or incorporation of zoning for environmental conservation and disaster risk reduction. The importance of urban areas for future cannot be underestimate and proper urban planning is a necessity in Sri Lanka for mitigate precent anthropogenic climate change impacts ranging but not limited to urban flooding to public health.
 
 Keywords: Urban planning, Zoning, Nature-based Solutions, Resilience, water-born cities

Assessment of environmental risk areas based on airborne pollen patterns as a response to land use and land cover distribution

Allergic respiratory diseases are considered to be among the most important public health concerns, and pollen is the main cause of allergic respiratory diseases worldwide. However, the biological component of air quality is largely underestimated, and there is an important gap in the legislation in this area. The aims of this study were to characterise the occurrence and incidence of pollen exposure in relation to potential pollen sources and to delineate the main areas of aerobiological risk in the Madrid Autonomous Region based on homogeneous patterns of pollen exposure. This study uses the historical aerobiological database of the Madrid Region Palynological Network (central Spain) from ten pollen stations from 1994 to 2022, and the land-use information from the Corine Land Cover. Multiple clustering approaches were followed to group the sampling stations and subsequently all the 1 × 1km pixels for the Madrid Autonomous Region. The clustering dendrogram for land-use distribution was compared to the dendrogram for historical airborne pollen data. The two dendrograms showed a good alignment with a very high correlation (0.95) and very low entanglement (0.15), which indicates a close correspondence between the distribution of the potential pollen sources and the airborne pollen dynamics. Based on this knowledge, the Madrid Autonomous Region was divided into six aerobiological risk areas following a clear anthropogenic gradient in terms of the potential pollen sources that determine pollen exposure in the Madrid Region. Spatial regionalisation is a common practice in environmental risk assessment to improve the application of management plans and optimise the air quality monitoring networks. The risk areas proposed by scientific criteria in the Madrid Autonomous Region can be adjusted to other operational criteria following a framework equivalent to other air quality networks.

INFORMATION SYSTEMS OF THE MOBILE ENVIRONMENTAL MONITOR OF THE DNISTER CANYON

The relevance of the article lies in the development of a mobile environmental monitoring system and the features of creating an algorithm using aerospace technologies. A methodology for determining environmental risk zones is proposed, which is based on the methods of ranking environmental indicators during the assessment of the ecological safety of the ecosystem using multispectral characteristics of space images. This scientific and methodical approach allows to determine the environmental risk zones by combining various environmental indicators into a complex (scalar) indicator. Using the capabilities of GIS for regional cartographic constructions and the subsequent system of groundwater protection assessments, pre-created electronic maps of the power of the aeration zone and the structure of the lithological composition of its rocks on a scale of 1:1000,000 were used to perform this type of work. Each of the electronic maps involved for these buildings, underwent preliminary processing, which included the generalization of selected subdivisions. An ecological map of the Dniester Canyon under the influence of anthropogenic factors was constructed. This provided an opportunity for further ecological forecasting of the territory based on the application of information technologies. The application of the developed mobile environmental monitoring system allows for a prompt response to changes in the ecosystem and more accurate and efficient management of natural resources. This system helps not only to identify areas of environmental risk but also to develop adequate measures to minimize them. It provides an integrated approach to monitoring, taking into account various aspects of the environmental situation, from the state of water resources to the level of air pollution, and helps to make informed decisions at the level of local and regional authorities.

Association between Aluminium Levels and Cognitive Decline in Environmentally Exposed Elders

AbstractBackgroundNormal brain functioning depends on metals homeostasis, as imbalances may increase oxidative stress and cause other detrimental intracellular events that lead to cell loss. Furthermore, environmental exposure to toxic metals is hypothesized to induce neuroinflammation and neuropathology, paving the way to neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to examine whether such Potentially Toxic Elements (PTE) are associated with cognitive performance over time in a sample of elderly individuals of environmentally contaminated regions.MethodA total of 146 elders permanently residing in environmental risk areas were recruited. Participants completed the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) for cognitive assessment and were biomonitored for several PTE through hair and urine analysis. After 5 years, the cognitive assessment was repeated.ResultCognitive performance significantly declined from baseline to follow‐up (p < 0.001), with participants scoring on average 4.41 less points on MMSE (Baseline: M = 25.79, SD = 3.520, Md = 27.00; Follow‐up: M = 21.38, SD = 5.343, Md = 21.00). Regression analysis on the relationship between PTE and cognitive performance revealed that Aluminium (β = ‐0.322, p = 0.32) and Zinc (β = ‐0.372, p = 0.15) in hair and Aluminium in urine (β = ‐0.368, p = 0.010) significantly predicted MMSE scores past 5 years of biomonitoring (p = 0.002). Higher contents of these PTE were associated with worse cognitive performance at follow‐up, after controlling the effects of age, education and supplement intake.ConclusionHigher levels of Aluminium significantly predict worse general cognitive performance 5 years after biomonitoring across different biological samples. Environmental exposure to this metal may constitute a risk factor for cognitive decline.

Analysis of the cancer occurrence related to natural radioactivity in the Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil.

The state of Rio Grande do Norte, located in the Northeast region of Brazil, has areas of granites and pegmatites with minerals that have varying concentrations of uranium. Consequently, high concentrations of radon gas, a carcinogenic substance for humans, can occur. The present study aimed to assess the occurrence of cancer and its association with exposure to sources of natural radioactivity using geological and geophysical information in the aforementioned state. The spatial dependence of pulmonary, breast, stomach, leukemia, and skin cancer cases with the location of radioisotope sources were analyzed using geoprocessing tools. The geoprocessing analysis showed a differential pattern of uranium emission throughout the state, with the highest emission from areas with pegmatites outcrops. A spatial dependency of cancer cases was shown (Moran index: 0.43; p < 0.01). Moreover, a higher rate of natural radioactivity-cancer cases was associated with the high-intensity natural radioactivity areas: odds ratio:1.21 (95% CI 1.20; 1.23), following the same pattern when separately compared the different related types of cancer. These results highlight the importance of natural radioactivity as a public health problem in the Brazilian environmental scenario, confirming the need for further studies as the first toward understanding and implementing health management strategies mitigating the exposures, especially in areas of environmental risk.

Predicting Risk Areas of Classical Scrapie in China Based on Environmental Suitability

Classical scrapie is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy that attacks the central nervous system of sheep and goats. Since its discovery in the 18th century, the disease has caused enormous economic losses and public health impacts in continental Europe. In the late 20th century, classical scrapie began to spread to places, such as Asia and the Americas, becoming a disease of global concern. In this study, based on prion occurrence records and high-resolution environmental layers, a risk assessment of classical scrapie in China was performed using a maximum entropy model. The model achieved an area under the curve value of 0.906 (95% confidence interval, 0.0883–0.0929). Sheep distribution density, road density, goat distribution density, minimum temperature of the coldest month, port density, and precipitation of the driest quarter were identified as important factors affecting the occurrence of classical scrapie. The risk map showed that potential high-risk areas in China were mainly located in Northeast China, North China, and Northwest China. This study can provide a valuable reference for the prevention of classical scrapie in China. According to the environmental variables and risk areas of classical scrapie, implementing monitoring and early warning measures in these areas is recommended to reduce the possibility of classical scrapie occurrence and transmission.

Impact of COVID-19 on the End in Supply Chain of Fresh E-commerce Products and Risk Control

COVID-19 has impacted many industries and caused severe disruptions in the food supply chain, which has also had a significant impact on the lives of people around the world. Some researchers have pointed out the long and short-term impact of the epidemic on the fresh produce supply chain, but there is a gap in research on the prevention and control of risks at the end of the fresh produce supply chain. Therefore, this paper uses a case study approach to analyze the challenges encountered by fresh produce e-commerce in the context of the epidemic from multiple perspectives and provide recommendations for risk prevention and control. It is found that the risks at the end of the fresh food supply chain are mainly in the areas of environmental risk, supply and demand risk, and transport risk. In response to the above risks, companies need to improve the following aspects: cost reduction and loss, product quality control, and sales channel innovation to seize the opportunity to develop fresh food e-commerce and improve risk response mechanisms at the end of the fresh produce supply chain to drive its own development.

Improved export coefficient model for identification of watershed environmental risk areas.

As a complex system under the joint action of man and nature, land use/cover directly or indirectly affects the environmental quality of the freshwater ecosystem. Studying the response of water environment quality to land use/cover change was significant to accurately simulate lake water quality and effectively enhance the management level. As an empirical model, the classical export coefficient model has been widely used and developed in agricultural non-point source pollution research because of its simple structure and convenient application. However, it assumes that the export coefficient of a particular type of land use/cover was constant, ignoring the influence of surface runoff and interception on the output intensity of pollutants in pollutant migration. This study improved the classical export coefficient model by adding factors such as precipitation, surface cover, and topography, evaluated the contribution of land use/cover to total nitrogen load into the lake in Dianchi Lake Basin, and applied the pollution assessment results to the identification of watershed environmental risk areas. The results showed that the improved export coefficient model could better simulate the relationship between land use/cover and total nitrogen load into Dianchi Lake from the basin. At the same time, spatial characteristics of the total nitrogen load contribution of the terrestrial could be represented. The high-risk areas in the basin were mainly cultivated land and construction areas with low vegetation coverage around lakes or downstream. The contribution per unit area to the TN load into the lake from areas with a high risk was 14.28 t/km2, which was 3.47 times that of medium-high-risk areas and 52.28 times that of the medium-risk area. Land use control measures in high-risk areas in the basin should be further strengthened, especially in the lakeside zone.

Analyzing segregation of informal residents in Latin American Cities’ periphery using Remote Sensing

The urban pattern has changed significantly in Latin American cities over the last decades. Since the 1980s, urban policies have increased the periphery land value, promoting suburbanization that restricted spaces for informal settlers. The study used Landsat imagery to analyze if urban pattern changes in Bogota, Colombia and Sao Paulo, Brazil forced informal settlements to move closer to environmental risk areas or areas with limited mobility. This research used a stratified supervised classification to locate formal and informal developments in 2000 and 2018, followed by multiple criteria evaluation to categorize environmental risk and mobility in the study area. The results revealed that segregation in the periphery of cities is not a generalized pattern in the city periphery but a localized phenomenon encouraged by urban policies.&#x0D;

Rurality, Socioeconomic Status, and Residence in Environmental Risk Areas Associated with Increased Lyme Disease Incidence in Ontario, Canada: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Lyme disease (LD) is the most common tick-borne illness in North America. LD is acquired through exposure to the tick vector, Ixodes scapularis, known as the blacklegged tick. In Canada, LD is rapidly emerging, with the establishment of I. scapularis in many newly endemic regions posing a growing risk to local communities. In the Canadian context, many environmental and socioeconomic risk factors for human LD infection are yet to be ascertained and the degree of risk associated with residential and community exposure to ticks is not well known. Methods: We conducted a matched case-control study in southeastern Ontario, using LD patient data from provincial laboratory databases and uninfected population controls from 2014 to 2018. We aimed to identify area-level risk factors for LD and associations with residence in environmental risk areas, defined as areas with high model-predicted probability of I. scapularis occurrence, using the neighborhood dissemination area as the unit of analysis. Results: Using multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis, we identified that patients with LD had higher odds (odds ratio, OR; 95% confidence interval, CI) of living in neighborhoods with high probability of tick occurrence in the environment (OR = 2.2; 95% CI: 2.0-2.5), low walkability (OR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2-2.1), low material deprivation (OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.2-1.7), and low ethnic concentration (OR = 8.1; 95% CI: 6.7-9.9). We also found that the odds of LD infection for individuals residing in environmental risk areas was highest for those living in public health units (PHUs) with <250,000 population (OR = 3.0; 95% CI: 2.4-3.9) compared to those living in PHUs with >1,000,000 population (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1-2.1). Conclusion: This study shows that odds of human LD infection in Ontario, Canada is higher in less urbanized areas with higher socioeconomic status and indicates that exposure to ticks around the home residence or neighborhood is linked to increased odds of LD.

Suitability assessment of carbon dioxide storage sites in sedimentary basins

The assessment of the suitability of CO2 storage sites is the basis for large-scale deployment of Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) projects. However, the research on the suitability of CO2 in sedimentary basins is relatively lagging behind in China. Previous studies have focused on CO2 storage sites, while social, economic and environmental factors are ignored. This paper takes counties and districts as the research objects, and conducts a comprehensive evaluation of onshore sedimentary basins. The research results show that: (1) Onshore sedimentary basins cover 839 counties (districts) in China, of which 318 counties (districts) are prohibited from implementing CO2 storage; 286 counties (districts) are Class II environmental risk areas; The suitable and suitable areas include 217 and 19 counties (districts) respectively, accounting for about 45% of the total onshore storage area. (2) The suitable and relatively suitable areas are mainly distributed in the Tarim Basin, the central and northern parts of the Songliao Basin, the northwestern part of the Ordos Basin, the northeastern part of the Erlian Basin, and the central and southern parts of the Bohai Bay Basin. Forbidden areas and general suitable areas are mainly distributed in Sichuan Basin, Jianghan-Dongting Basin, North Jiangsu Basin, northeastern Bohai Bay Basin, and southern Songliao Basin. This study establishes a method for assessing the suitability of CO2 storage sites, and gives a suitable area for CO2 storage in China, which provides a method and basis for the site selection of large-scale deployment of CCUS projects in China.

Heavy metals in fish nearby electronic waste may threaten consumer's health. Examples from Accra, Ghana

Electronic waste sites are rich in heavy metals contained in electronic and electric equipment waste and pose a risk of pollution if metals enter in the environment nearby. The Korle lagoon, located in the center of Accra, is receiving waste effluents from industries, households and the adjacent e-waste burning site Agbogbloshie which is the biggest in the country. Thus, the risk of heavy metal contamination of the water body and subsequent uptake in the aquatic food chain is particularly relevant. Small-scale fishing, not entering the commercial chain, occurs in the lagoon despite its consideration of biologically dead. We assessed if the exposure to heavy metals through these fish consumption is posing higher health risks than fish sold on Ghanaian markets. Using ICP-MS technology, we quantified concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn in fish caught from the Korle Lagoon (Trachinotus ovatus, Mugil curema and Mugil cephalus) and compared them to fish from the Tema Newtown fishing market (Scomber colias, Pseudotolithus senegallus). Cobalt and lead concentrations, typical e-waste metals, were higher in fish from the Korle lagoon, even though they were of lower trophic level. Calculated risk indices revealed risk of elevated arsenic and mercury exposure, particularly through T. ovatus from the Korle lagoon, if consumed daily as it is common in the region. This study suggests the need of monitoring programs of Ghanaian catch, with a special focus in environmental risk areas like Korle lagoon to ensure human food safety.

Геохимия тяжелых металлов почв урбанизированных ландшафтов зон воздействия металлургических предприятий

The results of studies on the gross content and fractional composition of heavy metals in loamy soils of agro-settlement landscapes, soils of floodplain landscapes of the Voronezh River, as well as sandy soils on sandy terraces of forest and parkland landscapes in the zones affected by Lipetsk metallurgical complexes. It has been established that the bulk of iron in the soils of urban landscapes is represented by sparingly soluble compounds (80–96 %). A significant amount of total cadmium (15–22 %) is connected to the fraction of easily replaced and unstable compounds which determines the element high migration activity. Areas of environmental risk with increased concentrations of heavy metals have been identified which include the flood area of the Voronezh floodplain (Zn, Pb) and the pine forest park landscapes on sandy soils in the affected zone by the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant (Zn, Pb, Cd).

Dengue Transmission Mapping with Weather-Based Predictive Model in Three Southernmost Provinces of Thailand

This study aimed to show maps and analyses that display dengue cases and weather-related factors on dengue transmission in the three southernmost provinces of Thailand, namely Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat provinces. Data on the number of dengue cases and weather variables including rainfall, rainy day, mean temperature, min temperature, max temperature, relative humidity, and air pressure for the period from January 2015 to December 2019 were obtained from the Bureau of Epidemiology, Ministry of Public Health and the Meteorological Department of Southern Thailand, respectively. Spearman rank correlation test was performed at lags from zero to two months and the predictive modeling used time series Poisson regression analysis. The distribution of dengue cases showed that in Pattani and Yala provinces the most dengue cases occurred in June. Narathiwat province had the most dengue cases occurring in August. The air pressure, relative humidity, rainfall, rainy day, and min temperature are the main predictors in Pattani province, while air pressure, rainy day, and max/mean temperature seem to play important roles in the number of dengue cases in Yala and Narathiwat provinces. The goodness-of-fit analyses reveal that the model fits the data reasonably well. The results provide scientific information for creating effective dengue control programs in the community, and the predictive model can support decision making in public health organizations and for management of the environmental risk area.

TATAKELOLA LANSKAP RAWAPENING BERDASARKAN TINGKAT RESIKO BENCANA LINGKUNGAN DI SUB DAS RAWAPENING (Landscape governance of Rawapening based on the level of environmental disaster risk in the Rawapening Sub Watershed)

Lake ecosystem balance is influenced by the interaction and interrelation of upstream and downstream processes of catchment. Environmental degradation upstream affects the trophic status of the lake, triggering the risk of environmental disasters. Integrated lake management is a form of governance to achieve sustainable development goals. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Rawapening Lake management program plan spatially by considering the environmental risk conditions of the Rawapening catchment area. Semi-quantitative analysis is used to assess the level of disaster risk in Rawapening catchment area. The zoning results of environmental disaster risk areas are used as the basis for the implementation of the 2019 Rawapening lake management plan descriptively. The results showed that Rawapening catchment area has a very low, low, medium, high, and very high risk levels. Panjang Sub Watersheds, Galeh Sub Watersheds, Parat Sub Watersheds, Sraten Sub Watersheds have a high to very high risk level. The Rengas Sub Watershed, Torong Sub Watershed falls into the medium risk category. Low to very low risk levels are scattered in the Legi Sub Watershed, the Kedung Ringis Sub Watershed, and the Ringis Sub Watershed. The complexity of the problems in the agricultural, livestock, residential and industrial sectors is the main contributor to sediment and pollutants in the lake system. The integration of upstream and downstream processes is used as a consideration in conducting spatial planning for Rawapening Lake management to achieve management objectives

Study of the dispersed composition of dust particles on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the residential area

The authors investigate and analyze the dispersion composition of dust particles on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the residential area of the Sredneakhtubinsky district of the Volgograd region near industrial enterprises in comparison with the dispersed composition of dust on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) growing on the territory in a conditionally clean zone (control) in the absence of anthropogenic pressure from industrial complexes in the SNT “Oroshenets” (Volgograd, Sovetsky district). The research points in the residential area were taken on the territory of social facilities (boarding school, hospital, kindergarten) and low-rise residential areas. The research material is the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the residential area of the Sredneakhtubinsky district of the Volgograd region and in the SNT Oroshenets, Volgograd, Sovetsky district (conditionally clean zone, (control). Research methods: washing off dust from leaf blades into a glass with distilled water, filtering the suspension through an AFA-VP filter, obtaining a filtrate, natural drying of the filtrate at a temperature not higher than 30-40 ° C, placing the dried filtrate on a glass slide of an optical microscope, making measurements of dust particles, dust processing, study of the dispersed composition of dust (according to GOST R 56929-2016). Areas of environmental risk have been identified, these are the territories of a kindergarten, a hospital and other low-rise residential buildings, as well as places that are safe for the population (boarding school, etc.). These studies indicate environmental pollution, in the future, it is required to determine the chemical composition of dust particles and identify sources of pollution and take environmental measures.