Effects Of C60 Fullerene Research Articles

Effect of C60 Fullerene on Muscle Injury-Induced Rhabdomyolysis and Associated Acute Renal Failure.

Rhabdomyolysis, as an acute stage of myopathy, causes kidney damage. It is known that this pathology is caused by the accumulation of muscle breakdown products and is associated with oxidative stress. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effect of intraperitoneal administration (dose 1 mg/kg) of water-soluble C60 fullerenes, as powerful antioxidants, on the development of rat kidney damage due to rhabdomyolysis caused by mechanical trauma of the muscle soleus of different severity (crush syndrome lasting 1 min under a pressure of 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 kg/cm2, respectively). Using tensometry, biochemical and histopathological analyses, the biomechanical parameters of muscle soleus contraction (contraction force and integrated muscle power), biochemical indicators of rat blood (concentrations of creatinine, creatine phosphokinase, urea and hydrogen peroxide, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity), glomerular filtration rate and fractional sodium excretion value, as well as pathohistological and morphometric features of muscle and kidney damages in rats on days 1, 3, 6 and 9 after the initiation of the injury were studied. Positive changes in biomechanical and biochemical parameters were found during the experiment by about 27-30 ± 2%, as well as a decrease in pathohistological and morphometric features of muscle and kidney damages in rats treated with water-soluble C60 fullerenes. These findings indicate the potential application of water-soluble C60 fullerenes in the treatment of pathological conditions of the muscular system caused by rhabdomyolysis and the associated oxidative stress.

The Effect of C60 Fullerenes on the Mechanokinetics of Skeletal Muscle Fatigue in Rats at the Administration of a Fraction of Peptides from the Blood Plasma of Patients with Cardioembolic Ischemic Stroke

The Effect of C60 Fullerenes on the Mechanokinetics of Skeletal Muscle Fatigue in Rats at the Administration of a Fraction of Peptides from the Blood Plasma of Patients with Cardioembolic Ischemic Stroke

The effect of C60 fullerene on the mechanokinetics of muscle gastrocnemius contraction in chronically alcoholized rats

The C60 fullerene effect (oral administration at a dose of 1 mg kg−1) on the selected biomechanical parameters of muscle gastrocnemius contraction, biochemical indicators of blood and muscle tissue as well as histological changes in rat muscle tissue after chronic alcoholization for 3, 6 and 9 months was studied in detail. Water-soluble C60 fullerenes were shown to reduce the pathological processes development in the muscle apparatus by an average of (35–40)%. In particular, they reduced the time occurrence of fatigue processes in muscle during the long-term development of alcoholic myopathy and inhibited oxidative processes in muscle, thereby preventing its degradation. These findings open up the possibility of using C60 fullerenes as potent antioxidants for the correction of the pathological conditions of the muscle system arising from alcohol intoxication.

Effect of C60 Fullerene on Recovery of Muscle Soleus in Rats after Atrophy Induced by Achillotenotomy.

Biomechanical and biochemical changes in the muscle soleus of rats during imitation of hind limbs unuse were studied in the model of the Achilles tendon rupture (Achillotenotomy). Oral administration of water-soluble C60 fullerene at a dose of 1 mg/kg was used as a therapeutic agent throughout the experiment. Changes in the force of contraction and the integrated power of the muscle, the time to reach the maximum force response, the mechanics of fatigue processes development, in particular, the transition from dentate to smooth tetanus, as well as the levels of pro- and antioxidant balance in the blood of rats on days 15, 30 and 45 after injury were described. The obtained results indicate a promising prospect for C60 fullerene use as a powerful antioxidant for reducing and correcting pathological conditions of the muscular system arising from skeletal muscle atrophy.

Nanomaterials in the mechanics of deformed solids on the example of rubber linings of drum ball mills

Abstract. In the paper, the history of the origin and use of nanomaterials is studied with focusing on the most promising. It is stated that fullerenes discovered in 1985 have a positive effect on the condition and life expectancy of rodents and plants, and fullerenes are the most commonly used for modifying various materials. The main feature of fullerenes is their high reaction activity. They easily capture atoms of other substances and form materials with fundamentally new properties. Based on them, a new carbon stereochemistry was emerged, which allows the purposeful creation of new organic molecules and, consequently, substances with given shapes and properties. Fullerenes, at their small content, can significantly change the physical and mechanical properties of the material. An analysis of the literature in recent years has shown a significant expansion of the scope of fullerenes, as hundreds of papers and patents have been published and registered. During the work, the rubber, which is used for the manufacture of rubber linings for the first stage of grinding in ball drum mills with fullerene C60 in the amount of 0.05 wt.f, was modified. The research was carried out on laboratory samples of cylindrical shape with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 50 mm, as well as on rectangular samples made of lining plates, which had worked 9300 hours in a drum ball mill of the first stage of grinding. The hardness of the rubber was studied, which after modification became 5-7 % more elastic and is 68 units against the base 72 units. The effect of C60 fullerene on the physical and mechanical properties of rubber was established, namely rubber without modification after 9300 hours of operation became more rigid due to the rubber aging, but it should be noted that aging occurs within 25-27 %, which is a good indicator for the entire period operation; rubber modified with fullerene C60 is slightly softer than the reference rubber by an average of 15 %. After operation, the rubber modified with fullerene also became harder but by 15-18 %. All these figures indicate a fairly good composition of the rubber. Dissipation coefficient of the rubber modified with C60 fullerene was increased 20-25 %, which indicates an increase in the elasticity of rubber, and hence its survivability. Also, the studies shown good durability of the rubber modified with fullerene against thermal action: the samples, which were kept at a temperature of 100 (C for 72 hours, were aged by 20 %. Keywords: nanomaterials, fullerenes, modification, rubber mixture, rubber lining, grinding, mill, dissipation, dissipation coefficient, physical and mechanical properties, aging.

Reconciling the controversial data on the effects of C60 fullerene at the organismal and molecular levels using as a model Drosophila melanogaster

Fullerenes have attracted attention since their discovery as structural units of complex carbon nanostructures capable of transporting drugs and macromolecules. As such artificial nanomaterials are applied in biology and medicine, they are routinely scrutinized for their effects on living organisms. The results of such studies range from direct destabilizing effects on DNA molecules to amelioration of the toxic effects of known genotoxic agents. We tested the effect of buckminsterfullerene (C60) on Drosophila melanogaster at DNA, tissue and organism levels. The water-soluble pristine C60 fullerene at the concentration of 20 μg/ml and 40 μg/ml leads to the activation of the mus209 gene in D. melanogaster larvae salivary glands, which can indicate higher levels of DNA damage. However, the absence of effects at the cell and organismal level could be explained by the activation of repair systems or by active elimination of damaged cells.

C60 fullerene and its nanocomplexes with anticancer drugs modulate circulating phagocyte functions and dramatically increase ROS generation in transformed monocytes

BackgroundC60 fullerene-based nanoformulations are proposed to have a direct toxic effect on tumor cells. Previous investigations demonstrated that C60 fullerene used alone or being conjugated with chemotherapeutic agents possesses a potent anticancer activity. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of C60 fullerene and its nanocomplexes with anticancer drugs on human phagocyte metabolic profile in vitro.MethodsAnalysis of the metabolic profile of phagocytes exposed to C60 fullerene in vitro revealed augmented phagocytic activity and down-regulated reactive nitrogen species generation in these cells. Additionally, cytofluorimetric analysis showed that C60 fullerene can exert direct cytotoxic effect on normal and transformed phagocytes through the vigorous induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species generation.ResultsCytotoxic action as well as the pro-oxidant effect of C60 fullerene was more pronounced toward malignant phagocytes. At the same time, C60 fullerenes have the ability to down-regulate the pro-oxidant effect of cisplatin on normal cells. These results indicate that C60 fullerenes may influence phagocyte metabolism and have both pro-oxidant and antioxidant properties.ConclusionsThe antineoplastic effect of C60 fullerene has been observed by direct toxic effect on tumor cells, as well as through the modulation of the functions of effector cells of antitumor immunity.

Effects of C60 Fullerene on Cell Differentiation and Cell Viability of Mouse iPS Cells

Effects of C60 Fullerene on Cell Differentiation and Cell Viability of Mouse iPS Cells

Study of biocompatibility effect of nanocarbon particles on various cell types in vitro

The viability of primary cells (human mesenchymal stem cells, hMSC, as a model for healthy cells) and a cancer cell line (human transformed cervix epithelial cells, HeLa, as a model for cancer cells) was studied with the MTT assay after the incubation with water‐soluble C60 fullerenes and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes filled by iron, respectively. The size of the particles was determined by dynamic light scattering. The morphology of the cells incubated with nanocarbon particles was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The effect of C60 fullerenes and Fe‐multi‐walled carbon nanotubes on the cells is depending on the concentration of applied nanoparticles.

Вплив водного колоїдного розчину фулерену С60 на стан мембран та біохімічні показники in vivo

Вплив водного колоїдного розчину фулерену С60 на стан мембран та біохімічні показники in vivo

Effects of C60 Fullerene on Cell Differentiation with EL-M3 and ES-R1-EGFP B2/EGFP Cell Lines

Effects of C60 Fullerene on Cell Differentiation with EL-M3 and ES-R1-EGFP B2/EGFP Cell Lines

C60 FULLERENE EFFECT ON THE DYNAMICS OF FATIGUE PROCESSES IN RAT SOLEUS MUSCLE AFTER ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION

43 The purposeful application of bio compatible nanomaterials of low toxicity is a relevant problem in modern biotechnology. It is assumed that the use of nanoparticles will help to solve the problems of early disease diagnostics and targeted delivery of drugs into tissues and cells, as well as new methods of selective therapies. C60 fullerene has a prominent position among other potentially effective therapeutic agents [1]. It is known that C60 molecule normalizes cellular metabolism and neural processes, increases resistance to stress, exhibits antiviral properties, has pronounced anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects, enhances activity of enzymes and regenerative capacity of tissues [1]. Finally, C60 fullerene and its derivatives can be used for the treatment of cancer [2–4]. C60 fullerene can be readily dissolved in organic solvents, yet it is practically insoluble in water [5]. Poor solubility in water severely hampers investigation of physiological and pharmacological effects of C60 fullerene. As a consequence, a number of C60 fullerene derivatives with better solubility in polar solvents have been synthesized to date [5–6]. Pristine C60 fullerene aqueous solution (С60FAS) has been received by transferring C60 molecules from toluene to water followed by sonication [7–8]. The dark brown solution was identified to be a typical colloid system containing a single C60 molecule and spherical clusters with the diameter of 2–3 nm or more (depending on the C60 fullerene concentration in water) in a hydrated state [7–9]. Due to its nanoscale dimensions, the watersoluble pristine C60 fullerene can penetrate the cell membrane [10]. Toxicity is a major concern for the use of C60 fullerene-containing drugs for biomedical УДК 546.26.043

EFFECT OF C60 FULLERENES ON THE ACCUMULATION OF WEATHERED p,p′‐DDE BY PLANT AND EARTHWORM SPECIES UNDER SINGLE AND MULTISPECIES CONDITIONS

The use of engineered nanomaterials has increased dramatically in recent years, but an understanding of nanomaterial fate and effects in the environment is lacking. In particular, the interaction of nanomaterials with coexisting organic contaminants and the subsequent implications for sensitive biota is almost completely unknown. Here, the effect of C60 fullerenes on the accumulation of weathered dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE; DDT metabolite) by Cucurbita pepo (pumpkin) and Eisenia fetida (earthworm) was determined under single and multispecies conditions. The plants, in the presence or absence of earthworms, were grown in soil containing weathered DDE (200 ng/g) and 0 or 1,670 mg/kg C60 fullerenes. Plants and earthworms were added either simultaneously or sequentially (earthworms after plants). Neither DDE nor C60 had an impact on survival or biomass of plants and earthworms, although fullerenes significantly decreased (29.6-39.0%) the relative root mass. Under single or multispecies conditions, C60 had little impact on DDE bioaccumulation by either species. The DDE concentrations in non-fullerene-exposed shoots, roots, and earthworms were 181, 7,400, and 8,230 ng/g, respectively. On fullerene exposure, the DDE content was nonsignificantly lower at 163, 7280, and 7540 ng/g, respectively. In the presence of the earthworms, C60 significantly decreased the shoot DDE content (28.6%), but no impact on root concentrations was observed. Root DDE content was unaffected by the presence of fullerenes and decreased by 21.6 to 37.5% during coexposure with earthworms. Earthworm DDE content was decreased by plant presence. Earthworms added to soils after plant harvest accumulated more DDE but were unaffected by the C60 exposure. Additional work is necessary, but these findings suggest that fullerenes may have minimal impact on the bioaccumulation of weathered cocontaminants in soil.

Effect of C60 Fullerene on the expression of ERN1 signaling related genes in human astrocytes

AbstractThe effect of C60 fullerene on the expression levels of genes, related to endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell proliferation, in human astrocytes was investigated. The exposure of human astrocytes to C60 fullerene during 24 or 72 h increases the expression levels of transcription factor E2F8, insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐2, and tumor suppressor SMAD mRNAs in human astrocytes. At the same time, the expression levels of HSD17B2, PBEF1, HSPB8 mRNA decrease in cells treated with C60 fullerene, being more intense for HSD17B2. Moreover, C60 fullerene increases the proliferation rate of astrocytes. Thus, C60 fullerene affects the expression of genes which control proliferation.

The effect of C60 fullerene on the toughening of epoxy compositions

The effect of C60 fullerene on the mechanical properties of epoxy resins has been investigated. It is found that this filler affects the tensile modulus and tensile strength of epoxy compositions only slightly, but their impact strength at a 0.01–0.12 wt.% content of C60 increases by about 100–200%. A molecular mechanism of the toughening effect of C60 on epoxy resins is suggested.

Effect of C60 fullerene on the boiling point of its solutions in some aromatic solvents

Concentration dependences of the boiling points T b exp of C60 fullerene solutions in four aromatic solvents were determined. For benzene and p-xylene, processing of the increasing dependence in terms of the Raoult law enabled estimation of the cooperativity parameters of the interaction between fullerene and solvent molecules.

Study of the Effect of C60 Fullerene on Stabilization of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) on Exposure to Ionizing Radiation

Study of the Effect of C60 Fullerene on Stabilization of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) on Exposure to Ionizing Radiation

Effect of C60 fullerene, fullerene-containing soot, and other carbon materials on the sliding edge friction of metals

A comparative study of different carbon materials (C60 fullerene; soot, both with and without fullerenes; graphite; and industrial carbon black) as additives to industrial lubricating oils has been carried out for copper-steel and steel-steel sliding couples. The soot containing fullerene and the powder of pure fullerene produce a noticeable improvement in the antifriction and antiwear properties of steel-steel and steel-copper couples, especially under heavy loads and pressures at the contact. The greatest improvement was observed for the steel-steel couple. Structural-mechanical studies were carried out for copper riders and it has been demonstrated by several methods that the addition of the C60 fullerene (pure fullerene or as a fullerene-containingsoot) creates a fullerene-polymer film on the frictional surface about 1000 A thick, which has a protective effect.