Dual Picture Research Articles

Scalar asymptotic charges and dual large gauge transformations

In recent years soft factorization theorems in scattering amplitudes have been reinterpreted as conservation laws of asymptotic charges. In gauge, gravity, and higher spin theories the asymptotic charges can be understood as canonical generators of large gauge symmetries. Such a symmetry interpretation has been so far missing for scalar soft theorems. We remedy this situation by treating the massless scalar field in terms of a dual two-form gauge field. We show that the asymptotic charges associated to the scalar soft theorem can be understood as generators of large gauge transformations of the dual two-form field.The dual picture introduces two new puzzles: the charges have very unexpected Poisson brackets with the fields, and the monopole term does not always have a dual gauge transformation interpretation. We find analogues of these two properties in the Kramers-Wannier duality on a finite lattice, indicating that the free scalar theory has new edge modes at infinity that canonically commute with all the bulk degrees of freedom.

Search for Abelian dominance in the effective SO(N) theory

Recently a new quadratic gauge has been introduced in the SU(N) QCD in which interesting non perturbative characteristics of QCD has been brought to light. One of the characteristics is Abelian dominance, which is one of the signatures of color confinement in a dual superconductor picture. The SO(N) QCD has been used quite often for various studies. In this paper, we extend the application of the quadratic gauge to SO(N) QCD and probe different vacua of the effective theory in which ghosts condense to search existence of Abelian dominance. We begin with the vacuum whose SU(N) group version leads us to find the evidence of Abelian dominance in SU(N) QCD. Contrary to expectation, we do not observe Abelian dominance in such vacuum here. Taking hint from this consequence, another vacuum is then examined in which existence of Abelian dominance is strongly indicated. The geometric explanation for the results in both the vacua has been provided.

Real time quantum gravity dynamics from classical statistical Yang-Mills simulations

We perform microcanonical classical statistical lattice simulations of SU(N) Yang-Mills theory with eight scalars on a circle. Measuring the eigenvalue distribution of the spatial Wilson loop we find two distinct phases depending on the total energy and circle radius, which we tentatively interpret as corresponding to black hole and black string phases in a dual gravity picture. We proceed to study quenches by first preparing the system in one phase, rapidly changing the total energy, and monitoring the real-time system response. We observe that the system relaxes to the equilibrium phase corresponding to the new energy, in the process exhibiting characteristic damped oscillations. We interpret this as the topology change from black hole to black string configurations, with damped oscillations corresponding to quasi-normal mode ringing of the black hole/black string final state. This would suggest that α′ corrections alone can resolve the singularity associated with the topology change. We extract the real and imaginary part of the lowest-lying presumptive quasinormal mode as a function of energy and N.

Od predmetne ka sistemskojumetnosti

Unlike standard approaches to the interpretation of neo-avant-garde practices mainly based on Birger's interpretation, which has avant-garde as the starting point and institutionalization of avantgarde practices and loss of critical potential as the outcome, the aim of this research is to show that these practices are results of changes that can be identified in different registers and related to Kuhn's notion of the paradigm shift. The thesis of this research is that neoavant-garde practices are an introduction of a new mode of operation of artistic works, which basically represents a system. Such systemic way of functioning represents a critical departure from the notion of autonomy which is of key importance for the modernistic conception of art and for the introduction of a relational way of functioning of artistic works based on the connection of various elements, artistic and non artistic, as well as establishing of connections with non artistic systems. The systematic mode of operation of artistic works is, at the same time, an outcome of the post-war social context, strengthening of the consumerist society, dominance of the media of mass communication and mass culture whose effects are the mass production of images and their dominance in the visual register previously reserved for art. The conclusion of this research is that the system, viewed from today's point of view, is a transition period between dual (world vs. picture, abstraction vs. representation, high vs. mass art ...) and networked mode of operation, which is a key feature of art at the beginning of the 21st century.

Опыт типологии видений в древнерусской агиографии XIII–XVII веков

The genre of Old Russian visions is a vast, variegated material. This greatly complicates its systematization. However, if we take as a basis the idea of connecting the genre with the medieval picture of the world, possible to describe the visions as an orderly system. In accordance with the dual picture of the world of Old Russian man, visions are divided by content into eschatological and related to the earthly being. The main attention of our work is focused on visions of the last thematic variety, because eschatological ones represent a specific group of material requiring special research. Also, in accordance with the idea of dualism, the characters of another world in visions of the earthly life belong to the sacred or infernal world. Therefore, in general, we can talk about two types of characters in visions. The sacred characters (the Virgin, apostles, saints, angels, etc.) have the main functions of the assistance in different variants, prophecy, punishment, etc. The infernal characters (as a rule, these are demons) have functions of temptation and torment. According to the named of the extramundane characters functions, thematic groups of visions (help”, “prophecies”, “punishment”, etc.) are distinguished. Within each group, their specific thematic varieties form several subgroups (for example, the «help» group has subgroups: the «visions containing any indication of action», the «visions after / during which healing takes place», the «visions in which the expelling demons takes place », etc.). This article presents the experience in the typology of the visions reflecting our initial observations and not pretending to be comprehensive. Therefore, all the thematic sections of the typology are illustrated by particular examples can be corrected further in connection with the replenishment of new material.

De Sitter and Anti-de Sitter branes in self-tuning models

Maximally symmetric curved-brane solutions are studied in dilatonic braneworld models which realise the self-tuning of the effective four-dimensional cosmological constant. It is found that no vacua in which the brane has de Sitter or anti-de Sitter geometry exist, unless one modifies the near-boundary asymptotics of the bulk fields. In the holographic dual picture, this corresponds to coupling the UV CFT to a curved metric (possibly with a defect). Alternatively, the same may be achieved in a flat-space QFT with suitable variable scalar sources. With these ingredients, it is found that maximally symmetric, positive and negative curvature solutions with a stabilised brane position generically exist. The space of such solutions is studied in two different types of realisations of the self-tuning framework. In some regimes we observe a large hierarchy between the curvature on the brane and the boundary UV CFT curvature. This is a dynamical effect due to the self-stabilisation mechanism. This setup provides an alternative route to realising de Sitter space in string theory.

Deep inelastic scattering from polarized spin-1/2 hadrons at low x from string theory

We study polarized deep inelastic scattering of charged leptons from spin-1/2 hadrons at low values of the Bjorken parameter and large ’t Hooft coupling in terms of the gauge/string theory duality. We calculate the structure functions from type IIB superstring theory scattering amplitudes. We discuss the role of the non-Abelian Chern-Simons term and the Pauli term from the five-dimensional SU(4) gauged supergravity. Furthermore, the exponentially small-x regime where Regge physics becomes important is analyzed in detail for the antisymmetric structure functions. In this case the holographic dual picture of the Pomeron exchange is realized by a Reggeized gauge field. We compare our results with experimental data of the proton antisymmetric structure function g1, obtaining a very good level of agreement.

Technology supported early literacy learning in a multilingual community preschool

ABSTRACTThere is conflicting research on the value of using digital technology with young children. This study investigated how an app, used in conjunction with dual language picture books, can support the social, emotional, and literacy learning of bi/multilingual children. Twenty-one children used the app Talking Stickers at home and school for four weeks. The classroom was observed and the educators and parents were interviewed and surveyed. The findings indicated that children had enhanced opportunities to practice social, cognitive, and multi-lingual literacy skills, and bonds between home and school were strengthened. The research has implications for classroom practice and home-school programmes.

Charge Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in superconducting NbTiN films

Three decades after the prediction of charge-vortex duality in the critical vicinity of the two-dimensional superconductor-insulator transition (SIT), one of the fundamental implications of this duality—the charge Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition that should occur on the insulating side of the SIT—has remained unobserved. The dual picture of the process points to the existence of a superinsulating state endowed with zero conductance at finite temperature. Here, we report the observation of the charge BKT transition on the insulating side of the SIT in 10 nm thick NbTiN films, identified by the BKT critical behavior of the temperature and magnetic field dependent resistance, and map out the magnetic-field dependence of the critical temperature of the charge BKT transition. Finally, we ascertain the effects of the finite electrostatic screening length and its divergence at the magnetic field-tuned approach to the superconductor-insulator transition.

Continuum modes of nonlocal field theories

We study a class of nonlocal Lorentzian quantum field theories, where the d’Alembertian operator is replaced by a non-analytic function of the d’Alembertian, . This is inspired by the causal set program where such an evolution arises as the continuum limit of a wave equation on causal sets. The spectrum of these theories contains a continuum of massive excitations. This is perhaps the most important feature which leads to distinct/interesting phenomenology. In this paper, we study properties of the continuum massive modes in depth. We derive the path integral formulation of these theories. Meanwhile, this derivation introduces a dual picture in terms of local fields which clearly shows how continuum massive modes of the nonlocal field interact. As an example, we calculate the leading order modification to the Casimir force of a pair of parallel planes. The dual picture formulation opens the way for future developments in the study of nonlocal field theories using tools already available in local quantum field theories.

The complex quantum potential and wave–particle duality

The equation of motion for a particle moving in complex space is obtained and then solved. The interaction between the real and imaginary components of motion can produce what can be regarded as a wave motion in real space. The formation of interference patterns and polarization of a matter wave can be accounted for by the particle’s motion in complex space. The deterministic particle view of a free particle can then be reconciled with its dual probabilistic wave picture but the formulation is entirely in complex space.

Examining the text quality of English/Arabic dual language children’s picture books

ABSTRACT Children’s literature plays an essential role in the development of children’s literacy skills. Dual language learners can particularly benefit from the use of picture books to facilitate comprehension, formulaic language acquisition, and vocabulary acquisition. This paper explores the availability and quality of English/Arabic dual language books in an early years setting in the United Arab Emirates. It is a qualitative study that examines the text quality of 24 English/Arabic dual language picture books available within the setting itself and the affiliated university library. The researchers’ combined experiences with literacy in the context of young children, including experience in choosing appropriate texts for young children, as well as their ontological perspectives as researchers, guide this personal appreciation. The study found issues with availability of book information, translation accuracy, and cultural relevance. In order to have a high quality bilingual picture book, it is crucial that the translation is accurate and reviewed very carefully by experienced authors/editors in both languages to avoid any errors. The major categories generated from this study can serve as a checklist to guide researchers in future studies, educators in various settings and parents in the community, in choosing appropriate dual language books.

Confinement/deconfinement phase transition in SU (3) Yang–Mills theory in view of dual superconductivity

In the preceeding works, we have given a non-Abelian dual superconductivity picture for quark confinement, and demonstrated the numerical evidences on the lattice. In this talk, we discuss the confinement and deconfinement phase transition at finite temperature in view of the dual superconductivity. We investigate chromomagnetic monopole currents induced by chromoelectric flux in both confinement and deconfinement phase by the numerical simulations on a lattice at finite temperature, and discuss the role of the chromomagnetic monopole in the confinement/deconfinement phase transition.

Higher Order Quantum Corrections of Rotating BTZ Black Hole

In this work, we consider rotating BTZ black hole in three dimensions which is dual of one dimensional holographic superconductors. We applied higher order corrections of the entropy, which interpreted as quantum corrections, to the thermodynamics quantities and study modified thermodynamics. We investigate stability of rotating BTZ black hole under effects of higher order quantum corrections, and find that they affect stability of black hole. So, the small black hole has some instabilities and critical points due to the quantum effects. We also study effect of correction terms on the dual picture of rotating BTZ black hole.

Thermodynamics of higher dimensional black holes with higher order thermal fluctuations

In this paper, we consider higher order corrections of the entropy, which coming from thermal fluctuations, and find their effect on the thermodynamics of higher dimensional charged black holes. Leading order thermal fluctuation is logarithmic term in the entropy while higher order correction is proportional to the inverse of original entropy. We calculate some thermodynamics quantities and obtain the effect of logarithmic and higher order corrections of entropy on them. Validity of the first law of thermodynamics investigated and Van der Waals equation of state of dual picture studied. We find that five-dimensional black hole behaves as Van der Waals, but higher dimensional case have not such behavior. We find that thermal fluctuations are important in stability of black hole hence affect unstable/stable black hole phase transition.

T-branes, anomalies and moduli spaces in 6D SCFTs

The worldvolume theory of M5-branes on an ADE singularity ℝ5/ΓG can be Higgsed in various ways, corresponding to the possible nilpotent orbits of G. In the F-theory dual picture, this corresponds to activating T-brane data along two stacks of 7-branes and yields a tensor branch realization for a large class of 6D SCFTs. In this paper, we show that the moduli spaces and anomalies of these T-brane theories are related in a simple, universal way to data of the nilpotent orbits. This often works in surprising ways and gives a nontrivial confirmation of the conjectured properties of T-branes in F-theory. We use this result to formally engineer a class of theories where the IIA picture naïvely breaks down. We also give a proof of the a-theorem for all RG flows within this class of T-brane theories.

Flux tubes in the QCD vacuum

The hypothesis that the QCD vacuum can be modeled as a dual superconductor is a powerful tool to describe the distribution of the color field generated by a quark-antiquark static pair and, as such, can provide useful clues for the understanding of confinement. In this work we investigate, by lattice Monte Carlo simulations of the $SU(3)$ pure gauge theory and of (2+1)-flavor QCD with physical mass settings, some properties of the chromoelectric flux tube at zero temperature and their dependence on the physical distance between the static sources. We draw some conclusions about the validity domain of the dual superconductor picture.

Small vacuum energy from small equivalence violation in scalar gravity

The theory of scalar gravity proposed by Nordström, and refined by Einstein and Fokker, provides a striking analogy to general relativity. In its modern form, scalar gravity appears as the low-energy effective field theory of the spontaneous breaking of conformal symmetry within a CFT, and is AdS/CFT dual to the original Randall-Sundrum I model, but without a UV brane. Scalar gravity faithfully exhibits several qualitative features of the cosmological constant problem of standard gravity coupled to quantum matter, and the Weinberg no-go theorem can be extended to this case as well. Remarkably, a solution to the scalar gravity cosmological constant problem has been proposed, where the key is a very small violation of the scalar equivalence principle, which can be elegantly formulated as a particular type of deformation of the CFT. In the dual AdS picture this involves implementing Goldberger-Wise radion stabilization where the Goldberger-Wise field is a pseudo-Nambu Goldstone boson. In quantum gravity however, global symmetries protecting pNGBs are not expected to be fundamental. We provide a natural six-dimensional gauge theory origin for this global symmetry and show that the violation of the equivalence principle and the size of the vacuum energy seen by scalar gravity can naturally be exponentially small. Our solution may be of interest for study of non-supersymmetric CFTs in the spontaneously broken phase.

Configurational entropy of glueball states

The conditional entropy of glueball states is calculated using a holographic description. Glueball states are represented by a supergravity dual picture, consisting of a 5-dimensional graviton-dilaton action of a dynamical holographic AdS/QCD model. The conditional entropy is studied as a function of the glueball spin and of the mass, providing information about the stability of the glueball states.

Expanding plasmas from anti de Sitter black holes

We introduce a new foliation of AdS$_5$ black holes such that the conformal boundary takes the form of a $4$-dimensional FLRW spacetime with scale factor $a(t)$. The foliation employs Eddington-Finkelstein-like coordinates and is applicable to a large class of AdS black holes, supported by matter fields or not, considerably extending previous efforts in the literature. We argue that the holographic dual picture of a CFT plasma on a FLRW background provides an interesting prototype to study the nonequilibrium dynamics of expanding plasmas and use holographic renormalization to extract the renormalized energy-momentum tensor of the dual plasma. We illustrate the procedure for three black holes of interest, namely AdS-Schwarzschild, AdS-Gauss-Bonnet, and AdS-Reissner-Nordstr\"om. For the latter, as a by-product, we show that the nonequilibrium dynamics of a CFT plasma subject to a quench in the chemical potential (i.e., a time-dependent chemical potential) resembles a cosmological evolution with the scale factor $a(t)$ being inversely related to the quench profile.