Diversified Subjects Research Articles

Study on the Current Status of Digital Resource Construction of Non-legacy Archives in Chinese Archives: Examining 31 Provincial Comprehensive Archives as Objects

As one of the unique archival resources, ICH archives are of pivotal significance in preserving the appearance of the surviving heritage, inheriting the historical memory of the nation, and prospering and spreading the excellent Chinese culture. The article takes 31 provincial comprehensive archives in China as the object of investigation, and investigates the digital resources of ICH archives in Chinese archives, in terms of the number of archives built, the content of construction, resource integration, updating and maintenance, and other aspects of the construction of the profile. It is found that the digital resources of China's non-heritage archives have the problems of uneven archiving resources, unfulfilled construction content, and low efficiency of resource integration. Aiming at these problems, the article proposes to strengthen the participation of diversified subjects, unify and standardize the classification and integration of resources, and innovate the multi-structured dissemination and utilization of archives from the level of "subject-resource-communication". In order to provide useful reference for the protection, development and utilization of ICH archives in China.

Exploration of Legal Issues in the Judicial Practice of Smart Contracts

The process of smart contracts, from conceptualization to actual landing applications, is accompanied by the continuous development of blockchain technology. China attaches great importance to the application of blockchain technology represented by smart contracts in judicial practice, with the background of the construction of smart courts, relying on the construction of judicial blockchain, according to the unique automated execution characteristics of smart contracts, the mediation and execution of civil disputes filed as an entry point, to explore the high-quality development of the judicial trial and execution business. In the current judicial practice, smart contracts face a lack of legal norms, technical construction loopholes, and information security risks. To guarantee the reasonable and compliant stable operation of smart contracts within the legal framework, it is necessary to clarify the legal positioning of smart contracts, strengthen the construction of the rule system for the judicial application of smart contracts, introduce the ODR to broaden the rights' relief channels, and at the same time, encourage the participation of diversified subjects in the construction of the judicial blockchain, and establish the legalized review mechanism of smart contracts.

The teaching of cartography and inclusion in the public network of pernambuco: the case of the spectrum (TEA)

Cartography is an extremely important subject in Geography, especially for the people who make up a society, because with cartographic education we can understand diversified subjects that are exposed in our daily lives, but unfortunately schools and some teachers do not offer resources for this cartographic educational understanding, leaving unnoticed its value for the construction of students in schools, especially for students with autism spectrum disorder – ASD , knowing that they prepare students for society to have a rational construction with their own values. In view of the above, the research aims to analyze the use of pedagogical resources to help in the construction of this cartographic knowledge for all students. The present study is characterized as a qualitative-qualitative study. The research was developed with students of the 8th grade of elementary school in a municipal school, which is located in the municipality of Nazaré of the Forest. Based on this practice, the construction of the work aims to know the difficulties of teaching cartography in the classroom to all students, specifically for students with autism.

Analysis of Regional Differences in the Distribution of Higher Education Opportunities in the Concept of Educational Equity

Cultivating top-notch innovative talents and promoting China's social progress require attention to the distribution of higher education opportunities. Therefore, the distribution of higher education opportunities has important research value for the development of education in China in the 21st century. Through literature survey, this study finds that the current distribution of higher education opportunities in terms of regional differences has problems with the entrance examination system, educational resources allocation, differences in the teaching force, educational policy input, and inequitable access to higher education due to differences in educational information technology. And accordingly, five recommendations are proposed: to add diversified subjects, to carry out diversified admission methods according to the characteristics of the west, to increase the investment in the allocation of educational resources in the west, to increase the capacity and improve the quality of the teaching force in the west, to enhance policy support and financial investment, and to strengthen infrastructure construction and promote information sharing of educational resources.

Research on the Teaching Reform of Human Resource Management Curriculum Based on the Ideological and Political Education in the Course

Curriculum ideology and politics is an important measure and fundamental task to combine professional courses with ideological and political courses to carry out moral education and cultivate people in Chinese colleges and universities. Traditional teaching of human resource management neglects the cultivation of moral character. Therefore, it is necessary to reform the teaching of human resource management, and integrate ideological and political education into the whole process of teaching to improve the ideological and moral level of students. On the basis of analyzing the necessity of human resource management in curriculum ideology and politics construction, curriculum teaching reform is carried out. A new curriculum ideological and political education model that includes "teaching objective -- ideological and political content -- teaching means -- teaching evaluation" has been constructed. The content of the course is divided into 8 chapters, and the multi-level teaching objectives including "knowledge - skills - ideology and politics" have been clearly defined, and the triple teaching objectives of each chapter are clearly set. The ideological and political content has been integrated into the process of knowledge teaching by chapters. The modern educational technology and Internet platform technology are made full use of to optimize teaching methods, and heuristic and experiential teaching means are adopted, the combination of classroom and society is increased, and an assessment and evaluation system with diversified subjects is built with diversified subjects, a comprehensive assessment process, and diverse assessment methods, comprehensively evaluating students' learning outcomes from multiple dimensions, in order to improve the effectiveness of ideological and political education in human resource management courses. It is expected to provide a reference and basis for the construction of curriculum, ideological and political reform, the practice of socialist core values, and the realization of goals.

AN OTTOMAN TURKISH PERIODICAL AS A SOURCE BOOK FOR YOUTH: ‘MECMÛʻA-İ NEVRESÎDEGÂN’

Mecmûʻa-i Nevresîdegân, Osmanlı Devleti’nin son dönemlerinde (1298/1882) İstanbul’da gençler için çıkarılmış olan bir süreli yayındır. Mecmua, kendilerini “Rüfekâ-yı selâse-yi tahririyye” imzasıyla tanıtan H. Tayfur, A. Âsaf ve A. Vasfi adlı üç genç arkadaş tarafından çıkarılmış ve iki kuruştan satışa sunulmuştur. Üç ayrı kütüphanede nüshaları bulunan mecmuanın sadece iki sayısına rastlanır. Her iki sayı da dört bölümden oluşmaktadır. Bu bölümler; mütenevviʻa, ilm-i hesap, coğrafya ve tarihtir. Sayıları otuz iki sayfadan oluşan mecmuanın her bölümüne sekizer sayfa ayrılmıştır. Mecmuanın tasarımına bakıldığında bir süreli yayından çok kitap bölümleri gibi planlandığı görülmektedir. Mecmûʻa-i Nevresîdegân, tek sütun olarak tasarlanmıştır. Mecmûʻa-i Nevresîdegân’ı gençler/çocuklar için çıkarılan diğer süreli yayınlardan ayıran temel özellikler; yardımcı kaynak niteliğinde birer kitap olarak toplanabilecek dört ayrı ilimden oluşması ve mecmuanın, mekteplerdeki eğitimin bir tamamlayıcısı, destekleyicisi niteliğinde olmasıdır. Bu makale ile gençler/çocuklar için çıkarılan süreli yayınlar arasında adında “mecmua” kelimesini ilk kullanan, Mecmûʻa-i Nevresîdegân tanıtılarak ilgilenenlerin dikkatine sunulmuştur.

An evaluation index system for regional mobile SARS-CoV-2 virus nucleic acid testing capacity in China: a modified Delphi consensus study

BackgroundLarge-scale detection has great potential to bring benefits for containing the COVID-19 epidemic and supporting the government in reopening economic activities. Evaluating the true regional mobile severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus nucleic acid testing capacity is essential to improve the overall fighting performance against this epidemic and maintain economic development. However, such a tool is not available in this issue. We aimed to establish an evaluation index system for assessing the regional mobile SARS-CoV-2 virus nucleic acid testing capacity and provide suggestions for improving the capacity level.MethodsThe initial version of the evaluation index system was identified based on massive literature and expert interviews. The Delphi method questionnaire was designed and 30 experts were consulted in two rounds of questionnaire to select and revise indexes at all three levels. The Analytic Hierarchy Process method was used to calculate the weight of indexes at all three levels.ResultsThe evaluation index system for assessing the regional mobile SARS-CoV-2 virus nucleic acid testing capacity, including 5 first-level indexes, 17 second-level indexes, and 90 third-level indexes. The response rates of questionnaires delivered in the two rounds of consultation were 100 and 96.7%. Furthermore, the authority coefficient of 30 experts was 0.71. Kendall’s coordination coefficient differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). The weighted values of capacity indexes were established at all levels according to the consistency test, demonstrating that ‘Personnel team construction’ (0.2046) came first amongst the five first-level indexes, followed by ‘Laboratory performance building and maintenance’ (0.2023), ‘Emergency response guarantee’ (0.1989), ‘Information management system for nucleic acid testing resources’ (0.1982) and ‘Regional mobile nucleic acid testing emergency response system construction’ (0.1959).ConclusionThe evaluation system for assessing the regional mobile SARS-CoV-2 virus nucleic acid testing capacity puts forward a specific, objective, and quantifiable evaluation criterion. The evaluation system can act as a tool for diversified subjects to find the weak links and loopholes. It also provides a measurable basis for authorities to improve nucleic acid testing capabilities.

Construction and Innovation of the “Ideological and Political Theories Teaching in All Courses” in Vocational Colleges

The collaborative construction of “Ideological and Political Theories Teaching in All Courses” in vocational colleges is of great practical significance to realize the organic unity of ideological and political education and technical training. However, in the specific implementation process, there are many shortcomings; for example, the concept of collaboration has not been deeply rooted in people’s mind; the method of education is not new and the effect is not significant. On the basis of sorting out the necessity of collaborative construction, this paper puts forward the basic ideas of clarifying the division of diversified subjects, improving the concept of collaborative development, and establishing a linkage mechanism, combined with the introduction of the practical model of Shanghai Publishing and Printing College’s intra-school co-construction, inter-school sharing, and school-enterprise co-promotion, in order to provide effective reference for promoting the course teaching reform, creating high-quality classes, and accelerating the cultivation of China’s compound technical talents.

The Agricultural Modernization Road with Jiangxi Characteristics in the New Era

In May 2019, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out during the inspection in Jiangxi: We must promote the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, consolidate the foundation of grain production, adhere to the quality of agriculture, green agriculture, and continuously improve the comprehensive benefits and competitiveness of agriculture. To build a new urban-rural relationship, Establish and improve the institutional mechanism and policy system for urban and rural integration development, and promote coordinated development and integration of urban and rural areas. This points the way for Jiangxi to promote agricultural modernization. In the new era, Jiangxi must take the road of modern agriculture with Jiangxi characteristics to take the lead in realizing agricultural modernization. This paper believes that we must adhere to openness to the outside world, cultivate diversified subjects, promote moderate scale, build service integration, and focus on subsidy precision. In the six aspects of achieving scientific and technological autonomy, we will vigorously promote the agricultural modernization of Jiangxi and consolidate the road of agricultural modernization in Jiangxi.

Combining first- and third-person data in Sports Sciences in France: analysis of an original methodology

Classically studied from independent methodologies and compartmentalized research programs, first person data (documenting the actor’s personal experience from his own standpoint) and third-person data (data produced from the point of view of an outside observer, without reference to what the actor can feel and independently of his own point of view) have been braided together this past decade with a view to access a more complete and complex outlook on actions. How exactly has the field of French Sports Sciences contributed to the propagation of this original methodology consisting in confronting heterogeneous materials? Our epistemological analysis investigates the social and epistemic conditions of its genesis (progressive conquest of diversified subjects, reference to exemplar studies, dissemination from a core group of authors, etc.) until the establishment of an activity close to normal science. It also formalizes the diversity of the methods of joint analysis between these data (correlation, heuristic discordance, etc.) before evaluating the knowledge effects specifically generated (reinforcement of robustness through triangulation, discovery of new regularities, transformation of intervention practices, etc.). Ultimately, combining first and third-person descriptions is an actual example of a genuinely interdisciplinary practice.

Survey on cognitive attitude and participation willingness of public hospitals social evaluation based on stakeholders theory

Objective To survey the cognitive attitude and participation intention for stakeholders of public hospitals, in order to provide basis for public hospitals social evaluation. Methods 621 stakeholders of public hospitals were subject to the questionnaire survey. Results 76.7%(475/619)stakeholders held it as necessary to independently launch the public hospitals social evaluation, and held that the evaluation subjects selection should be professional(83.8%), independent(67.7%), authoritative(55.6%), and proactive(46.1%). The survey also recommended that social evaluation of public hospitals should have such indexes as government investment(80.2%), social supervision(76.0%), and information disclosure system(71.1%). The overall willingness rate of stakeholders to participate in the public hospital social evaluation was 71.6%. Conclusions Development of the social evaluation index system of public hospitals and diversified evaluation subjects are key to developing the theory and practice system of public hospitals social evaluation. Key words: Stakeholders; Public hospitals; Social evaluation; Cognition; Participation willingness

시뮬레이터를 이용한 실습교육이 간호학생의 비판적 사고 성향, 문제해결능력과 간호과정자신감에 미치는 효과

시뮬레이터를 이용한 실습교육이 간호학생들의 비판적 사고 성향, 문제해결 능력과 간호과정 자신감에 미치는 효과를 파악하고자 2014년 3월부터 7월까지 총 12주간 4개의 시나리오를 간호학생 41명에게 적용하여 그 결과를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 18.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 먼저 비판적 사고 성향은 교육 전 <TEX>$3.25{\pm}.26$</TEX>점과 교육 후 <TEX>$3.41{\pm}.31$</TEX>점으로 유의하게 높게 났다(p=.022). 그러나 문제해결능력과 간호과정 자신감 점수는 유의한 차이는 없었으나 간호과정 자신감 하부영역 중 간호과정 지식, 관련요인 구분, 간호과정 단계 연계 점수는 유의하게 높게 났다. 비록 문제해결능력에 대한 유의한 변화는 확인할 수 없었으나 시뮬레이션을 이용한 실습 교육이 비판적 사고성향, 간호과정 자신감을 향상시키는 것으로 확인 되었다. 그러나 보다 시뮬레이션 교육의 효과를 확인하기 위해 주제와 기간을 다양화한 추후 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. The research is to be aimed how much the practice education could have influence on the critical thinking, the ability to work out problems and the confidence of nursing process. In order to collect the result, 4 scenarios had been applied into 41 of nursing student from March to July in 2014 (total 12 weeks). First of all, in the case of the critical thinking, its score(<TEX>$3.41{\pm}.31$</TEX>) after being educated was remarkably higher than before(<TEX>$3.25{\pm}.26$</TEX>). There was also no difference regarding the total score of ability to solve problems & nursing process confidence. However, the knowledge about nursing process, the identification of the relation causes and linkage regarding nursing process step account is after being educated were higher than before in subcategory. Although the changes regarding the ability to solve problems could not be identified with comparing before, the critical thinking and the confidence had been effected by the practice education with using the simulation. Thus, in order to identify the effect of the simulation education for further details, the more researches with the diversified subjects and the varied duration should be needed.

Research on Appointing Diversified Subjects for Evaluating Performances of Energy-Saving and Emission-Reducing of Local Party and Government Leaders

This paper analyzes the necessity of appointing diversified subjects for evaluating performances of energy-saving and emission-reducing of local Party and government leaders, provides some thoughts about appointing diversified subjects for evaluating energy-saving and emission-reducing of local Party and government leaders, enhancing the publics consciousness of attending evaluation of energy-saving and emission-reducing of the leaders, establishing 360 degree structure of evaluation subjects of the performances of leaders, setting weight of diversified evaluation subjects, completing systematic guarantee system for attendance of diversified subjects, enhancing trainings of diversified evaluating subjects, improving performance information system, cultivating evaluation culture of attendance of diversified subjects, etc.

Research on Diversified Subjects of Environmental Performance Evaluation for Local Party and Government Leaders

This paper is about how diversification of evaluation subjects promotes reform of evaluation means of environmental performances of local Party and government leaders, completes evaluation index system, improves transparency and scientificalness of the evaluation and strengthens democratic supervision to the evaluations; besides, it suggests a series of measures, which are about building independent evaluation committee for environmental performances of Party and government leaders, setting diversified evaluation subjects and weight system in a scientific way, completing legislative work attended by diversified subjects, enhancing trainings for diversified evaluation subjects, cultivating performance management culture participated by diversified evaluation subjects, etc.

Economia de comunhão no Brasil: a produção acadêmica em administração de 1991 a 2006

Este artigo, resultado de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, avalia a produção acadêmica em administração pública e de empresas, no Brasil, nos 15 anos de existência do Projeto de economia de comunhão. Observa que esta produção está concentrada, aqui e no exterior, em dissertações e teses, mas com temática dispersa. E discute visões teóricas e práticas que emergem dessa produção em crescimento contínuo.

A Normative Database of Thumb Circumduction in Vivo: Center of Rotation and Range of Motion

This study aimed to explore the use of a contemporary motion capture system for measuring in vivo maximum thumb circumduction, and through biomechanical modeling and statistical analysis, to establish a normative database of three-dimensional functional thumb range of motion (ROM) and examine the effects of anthropometry and gender. Twenty-eight (14 males and 14 females) anthropometrically diversified subjects performed maximum voluntary thumb circumductions, as the trajectories of surface markers placed on their thumb landmarks were measured by an opto-electronic motion capture system. Aglobographic representation method determined the best fitting spheres, the center of rotation (COR) expressed in a local coordinate system, and reference axes of thumb circumduction. Thumb ROM was quantified using (1) the cone volume circumscribed by the thumb, and (2) the time-varying included angle with respect to a reference axis, expressed as the joint sinus. Statistical analyses suggest that gender is the most important factor ( p &lt; 0.05) in determining the COR while anthropometry has the most significant effect on the cone volume ( p &lt; 0.0001), but neither affects the joint sinus measures. The results provide valuable data as well as insights for biomechanical modeling of hand movement, ergonomic design of hand-operated controls or devices, and evaluation of thumb impairments or disorders.

Development and application of a distance learning system by using virtual reality technology

AbstractThere is a great demand for distance learning in various fields, such as provision of learning opportunities and learning information to infirm children and pupils, introduction of diversified subjects by collaboration among schools, support of credit acquisition, and applications to continuing education. Various distance learning systems have been proposed and put into practice. But, in addition, various problems in the present distance learning systems have been pointed out, involving both installations and operations. This paper proposes the virtual school as a possible new form of distance learning, in which virtual reality technology is used. Based on a prototype virtual school that was developed, the feasibility of the virtual school is investigated. An experimental class using the prototype system is also reported. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 33(4): 61–68, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.1120

Advances in Tuberculosis Research, Vol 13, 1964.

Five papers are presented in this edition. A timely group of diversified subjects are reviewed by the authors. On the whole they are well done, and the bibliographies are extensive. Tuberculin Sensitivity: Immunologic Considerations is reviewed by B. G. Arnason and B. H. Waksman. Robert Koch did his epochal work in 1891. Alas, Koch's contention that tuberculin had therapeutic value, known then as the Berlin Treatment, came to naught! Then followed the work of Mantoux and Von Pirquet. The latter introduced the phrase allergic phenomenon in describing the tuberculin reaction. The past decade has brought renewed interest in the use of the tuberculin test. Your reviewer, therefore, feels that the authors are to be commended for their lucid presentation of our present-day knowledge of the tuberculin reaction; namely, the host's response. Much has still to be learned! In discussing the Histology of the Tuberculin Reaction, one could have wished that