Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor Research Articles

Importance of plasma discharge characteristics in plasma catalysis: Dry reforming of methane vs. ammonia synthesis

Plasma catalysis is a rapidly growing field, often employing a packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor. Such dielectric barrier discharges are complex, especially when a packing material (e.g., a catalyst) is introduced in the discharge volume. Catalysts are known to affect the plasma discharge, though the underlying mechanisms influencing the plasma physics are not fully understood. Moreover, the effect of the catalysts on the plasma discharge and its subsequent effect on the overall performance is often overlooked. In this work, we deliberately design and synthesize catalysts to affect the plasma discharge in different ways. These Ni or Co alumina-based catalysts are used in plasma-catalytic dry reforming of methane and ammonia synthesis. Our work shows that introducing a metal to the dielectric packing can affect the plasma discharge, and that the distribution of the metal is crucial in this regard. Further, the altered discharge can greatly influence the overall performance. In an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge reactor, this apparently more uniform plasma yields a significantly better performance for ammonia synthesis compared to the more conventional filamentary discharge, while it underperforms in dry reforming of methane. This study stresses the importance of analyzing the plasma discharge in plasma catalysis experiments. We hope this work encourages a more critical view on the plasma discharge characteristics when studying various catalysts in a plasma reactor.

Plasma characteristics and de-icing of three-electrode double-sided pulsed surface dielectric barrier discharge

Ice accumulation on aircraft can lead to aerodynamic performance degradation and even trigger security incidents. However, traditional surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) reactors cannot work while covered by glaze ice. In the present work, a novel three-electrode double-sided SDBD is proposed and employed for glaze ice deicing. Compared with traditional SDBD reactor, three-electrode double-sided SDBD introduces an additional discharge area and grounding electrode. On one hand, the heat generated in the additional discharge area can melt the glaze ice covered on the high-voltage electrode, providing a discharge gap for the subsequent discharge. On the other hand, the introduction of the additional grounding electrode can also dramatically enhance the upper discharge and thermal effect. As a result, compared with the three-electrode single-sided SDBD and two-electrode double-sided SDBD, the three-electrode double-sided SDBD has the highest deposited energy, maximal temperature, and deicing rate. To further optimize the structural design, the effect of air gap length below the dielectric on three-electrode double-sided SDBD is investigated. And it is found that the best deicing performance can be obtained at the air gap length of 1 mm.

Hydrogen generation by dielectric barrier discharge plasma assisted ammonia decomposition

Ammonia, which can serve as a hydrogen carrier for later dehydrogenation in zero-carbon hydrogen generation, is considered one of the key solutions. However, this solution is challenged by the high decomposition temperature and low reaction efficiency. In this paper, non-equilibrium plasma was used to effectively improve the reaction performance of ammonia decomposition to hydrogen and nitrogen using a dielectric barrier discharge reactor. Impacts of operating conditions including discharge parameters, diluted gases, and ammonia concentration on hydrogen generation were investigated. The ammonia decomposition breakdown voltage followed the order of 1 % ammonia/carbon dioxide (4000 V) > 1 % ammonia/nitrogen (3500 V) > 1 % ammonia/helium (1500 V) ≈ 1 % ammonia/argon (1500 V). The effect of pulse voltage and frequency is more significant on plasma-assisted ammonia decomposition compared to the pulse width. When the pulse frequency and width were 30 kHz and 100 ns at 298 K, the ammonia conversion reached 26.3 %, 34.1 % and 40.9 % at 5000, 7000, and 10000 V, respectively. With the addition of argon in 5 % ammonia/helium, the resulting penning effect makes the discharge easier and more uniform to promote ammonia decomposition. Furthermore, the kinetic analysis was investigated to better understand the conversion and utilization of ammonia in plasma-assisted reactions.

Experimental activities in view of hydrogen- deuterium equilibrium reaction in dielectric barrier discharge reactor: Effects of plasma treatment parameters and reactor design

Cryogenic distillation (CD) is a crucial process for separating and concentrating tritium in the tritium fuel cycle of fusion reactors. The equilibrator plays a vital role in decomposing HD, DT, and HT to improve the separation efficiency of hydrogen isotopes in CD. As the equilibrium reaction temperature decreases, a larger proportion of HD, HT, and DT decomposes into H2, D2, and T2, which enhances the performance of the equilibrator. While Pt/Al2O3 catalyst exhibits high activity at 303 K in the H2-D2 equilibrium reaction, it is almost inactive at 77 K. Non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology offers a promising and attractive alternative to conventional catalytic technology. In this study, H2-D2 equilibrium reaction was carried out without catalysts in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor, achieving efficient conversion of HD even at 77 K. In the single-electrode DBD plasma reactor (S-P-Reactor), with an input power of 50 W, the conversion efficiency of HD was found to be 99.5% at 303 K, 99.5% at 273 K, and 99.2% at 77 K. To further optimize the energy efficiency of the S-P-Reactor, the reactor structure was enhanced, leading to the development of a multi-high-voltage DBD reactor (M-P-Reactor). The input power of the M-P-Reactor was reduced by approximately 10 W compared to the S-P-Reactor, while maintaining a conversion efficiency of over 95% for HD. The energy density of the reactor was calculated using the Q-V Lissajous graphic method, demonstrating that the M-P-Reactor exhibited superior energy conversion efficiency compared to the S-P-Reactor. Furthermore, the yield of HD was solely determined by the energy density and temperature. At a specific energy density, the yield of HD remained consistent for the same temperature. However, generating HD at lower temperatures required more energy due to the lower reactant activity. These results illustrate the potential application of NTP technology in improving hydrogen isotope separation performance in the cryogenic distillation process for fusion applications.

Computational Fluid Dynamic study of gas mixtures in a Non-Thermal Plasma reactor for CO2 conversion with Argon as diluent gas

CO2 utilization has been an emerging technology of increasing global interest due to its direct impact in limiting greenhouse gas emissions. In this contribution, the fluid dynamic behavior of a CO2 conversion non-thermal plasma (NTP) in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor is studied through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations.
 Calculations are provided in conjunction with experimental results and the thermodynamic characterization of the compounds and mixtures involved. This CFD study utilizes a well-established methodology that allows the optimization of fluid flow with limited computational burden.
 Firstly, results are presented for an Example Case, in which several variables are studied both at the final iteration as well as across iterations. Secondly, a range of Study Cases, changing the inlet composition and volume rate, are presented. Average velocity is one of the most significant variables to predict the reactor’s yield, while the temperature, density and pressure in the reactor remain, in most cases, almost constant.
 The resulting CFD computations describe the behavior of the fluids in the reactor in a predictive manner for future experimental results. Limitations in the fluid’s characterization occur due to not explicitly including the plasma reaction, which will be aimed at in future contributions.

Development of an Ir/TiO2 catalytic coating for plasma assisted hydrogenation of CO2 to CH4

The hydrogenation of CO2 to methane over a 20 wt% Ir/TiO2 catalytic coating has been investigated in a tubular dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. The 1.2 µm Ir/TiO2 coating was deposited onto the inner wall of a quartz tube by a combustion-evaporation method from a mixture containing a Ti precursor and a colloidal suspension of Ir nanoparticles (2 nm). The catalyst was characterised by XRD, SEM, TEM/EDS and CO chemisorption. The Ir(0) state in the as-synthesised film was confirmed by XPS. The CH4 conversion increased by 1.5 times, as compared to an empty tube. A maximum CO2 conversion rate of 2.1 μmol s−1 was achieved at a fuel production efficiency of 3.5%. Surface reactions onto the catalyst surface are responsible for enhancement of reaction rate. The results presented in this work open up new possibilities in plasma-catalysis, whereby efficient reactions can be carried out over small volumes of catalyst.

Degradation and transformation of carbamazepine in aqueous medium under non-thermal plasma oxidation process

Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a pharmaceutical compound detected in various water resources. With a view to removing this contaminant, the applicability of non-thermal plasma (NTP) oxidation process has been widely tested in recent years. This study utilized NTP from a dielectric barrier discharge reactor in the treatment of CBZ. NTP on the surface of a water sample containing 25 mg.L−1 of CBZ resulted in a removal efficiency of over 90% with an energy yield of 0.19 g. (kWh)−1. On the other hand, a rapid reduction in pH and an increase of conductivity and nitrate/nitrite ions concentration were observed during the degradation. The applied voltage amplitude significantly affected the removal efficiency and the energy yield as the degradation efficiency was 55%, 70%, and 72% respectively with an applied voltage of 8, 10, and 12 kV. The water matrices containing inorganic anions such as chloride and carbonate ions reduced the removal efficiency by scavenging the reactive species. Accordingly, a reduction in the removal efficiency was observed in tap water. The high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) results revealed that both reactive oxygen and nitrogen species take part in the reaction process which yields many intermediate products including aromatic nitro-products. This study concluded that NTP can effectively degrade CBZ in both pure and tap water, but special attention must be paid to changes in the water quality parameters (pH, conductivity, and nitrate/nitrite ions) and the fate of nitro products.

Efficient toluene degradation using Bacillus subtilis biofilm-supported Mn–Ce/zeolite catalysts

This study investigated a new approach for synthesizing Bacillus subtilis biofilm-supported Mn–Ce/zeolite catalysts for the degradation of gaseous toluene. Four different metal oxide nano-catalysts (ZMn, ZMnCe-10%, ZMnCe-20%, and ZMnCe-30%) were synthesized with varying ratios of manganese (Mn) and cerium (Ce) on zeolite nanoparticles. TEM, SEM, XRD, BET, XPS, and EDX mapping were used to examine these four samples, as well as simple zeolite. Based on these analyses, the catalytic activity of the prepared samples ZMn, ZMnCe-10%, ZMnCe-20%, and ZMnCe-30% for the complete oxidation of toluene and toluene intermediate products were tested with Non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. Among all, ZMnCe-20% showed the highest toluene degradation efficiency (89%) at low concentrations (200 ​ppm) and humidity (>50%). Later, highly efficient and hydrophobic nano-biocatalysts were prepared by combining B. subtilis biofilm wild-type (WT) and engineered B. subtilis biofilm EPS with ZMnCe-20% catalyst. EPS is the main component found in biofilm matrix and plays a key role in influencing properties such as biofilm stability, electron transfer, surface roughness and hydrophobicity. Compared to WT B. subtilis biofilm, EPS overexpressed B. subtilis biofilm showed stronger growth and development on ZMnCe-20% nanocatalyst. Moreover, the NTP system packed with ZMnCe-20%/biofilm (EPS+) nano-biocatalyst exhibited the highest toluene degradation activity (99%) with (83%) CO2 selectivity, (up to 50%) reduction in NOx concentration and complete ozone decomposition at (250 ​ppm) toluene concentrations and increased humidity (>90%). High-energy electrons generated in the NTP system break the C–H and C–C bond between the rings of the toluene molecule, forming several byproducts which are later reacted with active radical species such as O, OH, and O3 and further converted into final degradation products (CO2 and H2O). The results demonstrated successful biofilm development and growth on the ZMnCe-20% catalyst with advanced features such as superhydrophobicity, H2O resistance, improved surface roughness, and electron generation. In short, the study's approach combines bioengineering and material science to develop sustainable nano-biocatalysts for removing VOCs in industrial and environmental settings.

Electrical characterization and imaging of discharge morphology in a small-scale packed bed dielectric barrier discharge

Packed bed dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) exhibit an improved energy efficiency and selectivity in nonthermal plasma based gas conversion. They enable the direct interaction between plasma and catalyst. In this contribution a compact coaxial DBD reactor enabling the end-on imaging of the discharge with and without packed beds is studied. The discharge morphology is correlated with electrical measurements such as voltage-charge (V-Q) plots. The studies are performed for different packed bed materials, binary gas compositions of argon and carbon dioxide, voltage amplitudes, average powers, and pressures. The analysis points outs the role of parasitic capacitances and parasitic discharges as often overlooked aspects. The introduction of the packed bed material into the coaxial barrier discharge arrangement increases the total capacitance, but the barrier of the outer glass tube mostly determines the maximum effective dielectric capacitance. The choice of the packed bed material determines the voltage threshold and the average discharge power. The investigations leads to a revision of the equivalent circuit for packed bed barrier discharge reactors, which also accounts the properties of different filling materials.

Atmospheric–pressure DBD plasma modifying photoemission, optical and electrical properties of polycarbonate films

In this study, the DBD plasma reactor has been constructed, characterized, and tested to be employed in material treatment for use in different applications. A neon power source with an output of 10 kV, 30 mA, with a frequency of 20 kHz is used to drive the DBD reactor in an atmospheric-pressure environment. The investigation covered the analysis of many parameters of the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor, including its discharge voltage, current, capacitance, consumption energy, and the light emission of the produced plasma. Also, to examine the generated DBD plasma effect, the photoemission, optical, and electrical characteristics of untreated/treated polycarbonate films were investigated using photoluminescence spectroscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and electrical spectroscopy. The results demonstrated the appearance of two modes in the DBD discharge: filamentary and homogeneous. Moreover, the DBD reactor's power consumption has been measured to be 20 mW at a supplied voltage of 6.5 kV peak-to-peak, operated in atmospheric–pressure. The photoluminescence emission results emphasized that the treated films are modified particularly with increasing DBD treatment time. The UV–Vis spectra demonstrated a notable displacement of the absorption edge towards higher wavelengths as the duration of DBD exposure increased. This is indicative of the reduction of the band gap energy, thus improving the electric conductivities. The optical parameters of the treated polycarbonate films were enhanced in comparison to the untreated sample. Through the used frequency range, measurements of dielectric loss, dielectric constant, as well as AC electrical conductivity, are sensitive parameters to the modifications in electrical behaviors due to DBD plasma treatment.

Degradation of n-hexane by the high-throughput double dielectric barrier discharge: Influencing factors, degradation mechanism and pathways

The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is known to be a source of various environmental problems. N-hexane is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon that is a major precursor of ozone. For the decomposition of n-hexane, a novel double dielectric barrier discharge (DDBD) reactor design is developed and tested on a pilot scale. The factors influencing the plasma degradation of n-hexane have been thoroughly investigated. The degradation efficiency, carbon balance and nitrogen oxide concentration were measured and analysed. Through experiments, it was found that the maximum removal of n-hexane at an initial concentration of 2000 ppm and a flow rate of 5 L/min was 1544 ppm. The associated energy efficiency reached 67.71 ppm/J. The excited states of oxygen and nitrogen (O2+, O(3 s5S-3p5P), N2(C3Πu-B3Πg), N2+(B2Σu+-X2Σg+)) during n-hexane degradation were observed. Possible degradation pathways of n-hexane are proposed, and it is revealed that the active species play an important role in the formation of oxygen and nitrogen-containing volatile organic by-products. The results show that the pilot-scale design of the DDBD system provides a feasible way for the industrial treatment of n-hexane, and provides fundamental insights into the mechanism of plasma catalytic system operation.

Design and Characterization of an Upscaled Dielectric Barrier Discharge-Based Ten-Layer Plasma Source for High-Flow-Rate Gas Treatment

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)-based technology is considered a promising alternative for controlling indoor air pollutants. However, its limited processing capacity and lack of design techniques have restricted its use in practical applications. This paper introduces a methodology for designing upscaled DBD reactors with a processing capacity of up to 1000 L/min for treating high-flow-rate gases to mitigate indoor air pollution. A ten-layer high-flow-rate DBD reactor was constructed, with fundamental characterizations, including electrical and spectroscopic measurements, conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed methodology. In particular, the flow paths of the ten-layer DBD reactor were optimized by incorporating an air diffuser and perforated metal plates, all without significant modifications. Computational fluid dynamics simulations showed a remarkably improved velocity uniformity (0.35 m/s to 0.04 m/s, as evidenced by the velocity standard deviation) in the 10 flow channels. These simulation results were consistent with the experimental results, wherein the velocity standard deviation reduced from 1.38 m/s to 0.13 m/s. Moreover, multi-gas plasma ignition for up to six gas species and high-flow-rate plasma generation of up to 1000 L/min were achieved. These results provide the foundation for developing DBD technologies for practical applications in high-flow-rate gas treatment, particularly for controlling indoor air pollution.

Pulsed Dielectric Barrier Discharges for Gas-Phase Composition Control: A Simulation Model

We present results obtained from the numerical simulation of the gas-phase chemical kinetics in atmospheric pressure air non-equilibrium plasmas. In particular, we addressed the effect of the pulsed operation mode of a planar dielectric barrier discharge. As conjectured, the large difference in the time scales involved in the fast dissociation of molecules in plasmas and their subsequent reactions to produce stable chemical species makes the presence of a continuously repeated plasma production stage unnecessary and a waste of electrical power and efficiency. The results on NOx remediation, ozone production, water vapor and ammonia dissociation are discussed. A few comparisons with experimental findings in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor already used for applications are also briefly addressed. Our results clearly indicate a pattern for the optimization of the discharge using a carefully designed repetition rate and duty cycle.

Enhancement of VOCs removal using a novel double‐tube packed bed catalytic dielectric barrier discharge (DPDBD) reactor

AbstractWe developed a novel double‐tube packed bed catalytic dielectric barrier discharge (DPDBD) reactor to degrade toluene. The DPDBD reactor contains four discharge cells with one power supply, namely, A–D. NiO/γ‐Al2O3 is packed in cell A to effectively destroy the branched chains in toluene. TiO2/γ‐Al2O3 is packed in cell B owing to its high catalytic oxidation activity to weaken the benzene rings and mineralize the generated partial aromatic compounds. Cell C is a pure DBD process without any catalyst packed to thoroughly mineralize all the generated aromatic compounds and convert CO into CO2 and NO into NO2. γ‐Al2O3 is packed in cell D to reduce the concentrations of byproducts, including O3 and NO generated by air through oxidation. The combinations of the four discharge cells are optimized by the treatment of −3000 mg m−3 of toluene at 11 kV. In comparison with a double‐tube dielectric barrier discharge (DDBD) reactor without catalyst packing and with a total discharge length of 6 cm, the selectivity of CO2 was significantly improved from 45% to 57% when the discharge lengths of A, B, C, and D are 2, 4, 4, and 2 cm, respectively. Furthermore, the concentrations of O3 and NO in the outlet can also be effectively reduced from 2.80 and 210 mg m−3 to 1.30 and 60 mg m−3, respectively. We also investigated the effects of applied voltage and styrene initial concentration.

Red mud and foundry sand industry wastes for reducing NOx in plasma activated diesel exhaust

Solid waste in association with plasma was explored as an alternate to commercial catalyst/adsorbents. We have demonstrated reuse of foundry sand and red mud wastes for adsorption of gaseous pollutant from plasma treated diesel exhaust. A novel dielectric barrier discharge reactor with dual metal film is designed to explore the oxidation potential of surface discharge plasma effect onto the exhaust. The metal film was subjected to high voltage pulse/AC energization to assess the effect of plasma in oxidising NO to NO2. A separate reactor filled with industry wastes was cascaded with plasma reactor to test its efficacy in NO2 adsorption. It was observed that some amount of NO was also reduced owing to some visible light-enabled photocatalytic activity. About 85 % NOx (oxides of nitrogen) reduction was observed with red mud waste compared to half of that with foundry sand.

A Comparative Investigation of an Argon Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor under the Variation of Plasma Conditions for Optimization of Power Deposition

A Comparative Investigation of an Argon Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor under the Variation of Plasma Conditions for Optimization of Power Deposition

Impact of the geometric structure parameter on the performance of dielectric barrier reactor for toluene removal.

The reasonable geometry design of non-thermal plasma (NTP) reactor is significant for its performance. However, optimizing the reactor structure has received insufficient attention in the studies on removing volatile organic compounds by NTP. Several dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactors with various barrier thicknesses and discharge gaps were designed, and their discharge characteristics and toluene degradation performance were explored comprehensively. The number and intensity of current pulses, discharge power, emission spectrum intensity and gas temperature of the DBD reactors increased as barrier thickness decreased. The toluene removal efficiency and mineralization rate increased from 23.2-87.1% and 5.3-27.9% to 81.7-100% and 15.9-51.3%, respectively, when the barrier thickness reduced from 3 to 1 mm. With the increase of discharge gap, the breakdown voltage, discharge power, gas temperature and residence time increased, while the discharge intensity decreased. The reactor with the smallest discharge gap (3.5 mm) exhibited the highest toluene removal efficiency (78.4-100%), mineralization rate (15.6-40.9%) and energy yield (8.4-18.7 g/kWh). Finally, the toluene degradation pathways were proposed based on the detected organic intermediates. The findings can provide critical guidance for designing and optimizing of DBD reactor structures.

Mesoporous γ-Al2 O3 Supported Mn–Ce–Co Ternary Oxides for the Efficient Plasma-Catalytic Oxidation of Formaldehyde

Coupling low-temperature plasma technology with catalysts can significantly enhance air purification efficiency and mitigate the generation of secondary pollutants. In this study, mesoporous [Formula: see text]-Al2O3 supported Mn–Ce–Co ternary oxides were introduced into a widely employed tubular dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) reactor for indoor air purification. The plasma-catalytic degradation of HCHO exhibited the following degradation efficiency order: Mn–Ce–Co/[Formula: see text]-Al2O3 [Formula: see text] Mn/[Formula: see text]-Al2O3 [Formula: see text] Mn–Ce/[Formula: see text]-Al2O3 [Formula: see text] Co/[Formula: see text]-Al2O3 [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]-Al2O3 [Formula: see text] Ce/[Formula: see text]-Al2O3 [Formula: see text] Plasma. When compared to plasma treatment alone, the catalyst resulted in a remarkable 1.8-fold enhancement under conditions of 3.0[Formula: see text]kV, [Formula: see text]C, 60% RH. Additionally, the concentrations of the by-products O3 and NO[Formula: see text] were significantly reduced by 88.2% and 93.3%, respectively. The synergistic interaction between Mn, Ce and Co oxides facilitated the formation and transportation of surface-reactive oxygen species, thereby contributing to the thorough oxidation of HCHO and organic intermediates during the plasma-catalytic process. Moreover, the high specific surface area offered by mesoporous materials enhanced the adsorption and catalytic activity towards HCHO.

Insights on dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment of oil drilling cuttings

Oil drilling cuttings produced during oil exploration and extraction contain a high percentage of crude oil, ranging from 5% to 20% weight ratio (w/w) on a dry basis, and must be managed and treated properly before their release to the environment. In this study, non-thermal plasma (NTP) was investigated as an advanced oxidation process for the efficient, sustainable and cost-effective treatment of oil drilling cuttings. To this end, a plane-to-grid dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor operating at atmospheric pressure was tested under different plasma conditions. The effect of treatment time, DBD power and air flow rate on the total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency was assessed and the energy efficiency of the process was determined. Within 10 min of plasma treatment, a very high TOC and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) removal (∼90% and ∼99%, respectively) was achieved, while polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were degraded by ∼50% within 2 min of treatment. Depending on the experimental conditions, the energy efficiency of the process varied from 5 to 35 mg/kJ. From GC-MS analysis, several byproducts of the oxidation of oil drilling cuttings were identified, while the analysis of exhaust gases revealed that ∼85.1% of the removed organics from oil drilling cuttings was transformed to CO2 and CO. This study provides critical information on the effectiveness of the NTP process for the treatment of heavily contaminated solid wastes and can be considered as the critical step for its application for the treatment of solid wastes from the oil industry.

Physicochemical Characteristics and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Plasma-Activated Water Produced by an Air-Operated Coaxial Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma

In this study, Plasma-Activated Water (PAW) was synthesized using a coaxial Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) reactor, benefiting from the elevated capacity of air-flow-assisted DBD discharges to enhance nitrogen-based species concentration. By manipulating operational parameters, including gas flow rate, activation time, and DI water volume, we achieved significant concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). As a result, the PAW obtained displayed pronounced physicochemical attributes: a pH of 2.06, an ORP of 275 mV, conductivity of 3 mS/cm, and TDS of 1200 mg/L. A pivotal aspect of this research was the evaluation of the reactor’s efficiency, as indicated by metrics like the specific input energy and ozone efficiency yield. The antimicrobial potential of the PAW was also assessed against pathogenic microbes, with remarkable reductions in viability for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (99.99%) and a more moderate decrease for Candida albicans (37%). These findings underscore the capability of coaxial DBD reactors in crafting high-quality PAW with significant antimicrobial properties, necessitating further studies to validate its broad-spectrum and safe applications.