Development Of Transport Corridors Research Articles

Investment attractiveness of the Russian Arctic through the prism of international cooperation and development of transport corridors

The Russian Arctic has numerous resources, infrastructure facilities that are important for international relations, and therefore is potentially very attractive to investors. Nevertheless, there are a number of objective reasons hindering its development, which require international cooperation, investment and updating of the regulatory framework for the process of foreign investments inflow into the region, with an emphasis on its specifics. The purpose of the article is to study the attractiveness and investment potential of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) in the new geopolitical realities, to identify the most promising areas of foreign investments. It is concluded that the Arctic can offer resources and opportunities for development and cooperation. It is open for investment, and the Russian government is trying to implement as many projects as possible, including those in which the BRICS countries participate, that will contribute to the development of this region. One of the key areas of foreign investments application is the zone of development of the transport and logistics potential of the Arctic through transport corridors, which will simultaneously lead to infrastructural connectivity of the entire Eurasian continent and will promote cooperation in the Eurasian arena of the CIS countries.

Customs and logistics infrastructure in the system of international cooperation

The article considers the logistical elements of the infrastructure under which the transportation of goods of domestic orientation and international level is carried out. Modern logistics chains are changing their course, and Russia is turning its attention to the development of transport corridors of the eastern direction.

Экономическая стратегия ЕС в Центральной Азии: роль Франции

The article examines the strategy of France and the EU in Central Asia (CA) aimed at strengthening economic (including trade and investment) positions, primarily in the key countries of the region (Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan) against the background of geopolitical turbulence. Based on strategic documents of the European Union, conclusions are drawn about the increasing importance of the Central Asian region for the EU, as well as about the evolution of EU-Central Asia relations towards a more institutionalised dialogue, which, in particular, is demonstrated by the adoption of the ‘Joint Roadmap for Deepening Ties between the EU and Central Asia’ in 2023. Special attention is paid to the structure of trade and investment relations between the Central Asian states and the EU and France, the analysis of which also demonstrates an increasing mutual interest in cooperation. The article emphasizes the use of trade with Central Asia by the EU and France as a tool for diversifying imports of critical raw materials. The article also considers the directions of the investment strategy of European countries, mainly aimed at the development of transport corridors through the territory of Central Asian countries in the region as a whole and the strategy of French companies in Central Asia, especially in the energy sector. A growing interest in investing in the nuclear industry of Kazakhstan, the largest uranium producer in the world, against the backdrop of France’s declining influence in Africa, is highlighted. The authors explain Kazakhstan’s motivation in expanding cooperation in this area, which consists in the interest in obtaining French technologies for nuclear power plants. The activities of companies such as EDF and Orano, as well as TotalEnergies, which is developing renewable energy sources in the country, are cited as examples. France and the EU, by soft power and economic instruments strive to become a counterweight to the influence of Russia and China in the Region.

Features of legal regulation of international mixed transportation in modern conditions

Introduction. The paper is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the legal regulation of international mixed (multimodal) transportation of goods, passengers and luggage in a special period. In the conditions of war, the country's transport and logistics system plays the role of ensuring Ukraine's humanitarian, food, and energy security. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the problematic aspects of the legal regulation of international mixed (multimodal) transportation of goods, passengers and luggage, and to determine directions for improving the legislation in this area in the modern conditions of the development of transport corridors. Results. The author pays attention to the expansion of international multimodal transport corridors TEN-T on the territory of Ukraine and their influence on the intensification of international mixed transportation. It has been established that a successfully integrated transport system involves not only the combination and interaction of all participants in mixed transportation, but also the creation of a single legal and informational field, coordination of technical and operational characteristics of vehicles, infrastructure facilities, coordination and optimization of work schedules of various types of transport and all it is within different legal systems. Conclusions. The author concludes that due to the fact that international mixed transportation has become the only possible option for the delivery of cargo, passengers and luggage both from Ukraine to the countries of other continents and to Ukraine, the issue of unification of international legal regulation of multimodal transportation and the introduction of digital transport corridors is becoming urgent more and more acute.

Development of Rural Border Territories in Agro-Oriented Transboundary Region

The role of cross-border territories has grown significantly in the last decade, which is explained by a number of reasons and factors, including geopolitical, economic, trade and others. The Russian Federation is the largest cross-border territory, which undoubtedly affects the level of development of both the logistics infrastructure and regions with a crossborder geographic location. On the one hand, this can be considered as a positive factor in terms of the potential development of transport corridors, nodes and routes, on the other hand, the presence of differentiated natural and climatic conditions, limited opportunities for the development of new transport routes, the use of modes of transport, and others are considered a deterrent not only for transport logistics, but also sustainable development of territories. The development of border rural areas of an agro-oriented region with long borders is largely determined by the logistics infrastructure and the level of its condition, the possibility of developing international trade and a number of factors of federal and regional significance. In the economic structure of the subject (region), border areas should be considered as a strategic component of regional policy.

Features, problems and opportunities for the development of transport corridors in the Eurasian Economic Union

International transport corridors are a manifestation of transport links between states with the goal to expand economic contacts and develop transit traffic between them. International transport corridors ensure the coordination of transport systems of the participating states for the implementation of prompt, safe, large-scale and cost-effective supply of goods on a regular long-term basis. International transport corridors within the EAEU countries unite various types of transport routes, transport infrastructure facilities, vehicles and transport authorities. The decisive factor in the development of international transport corridors within the EAEU is the spatial localization of this integration grouping in the center of Eurasia between the European Union and China as the two main economic poles. Such location of the EAEU countries determines their opportunities for the transit of goods through their territory. However, the transport complex of the EAEU faces a number of problems that can be minimized through the implementation of promising projects for the development of transport and logistics infrastructure based on attracting investments and coordinating management decisions in the field of regulation of mutual transportation. This study examines the features of international transport corridors passing through the territory of the EAEU countries, analyzes the potential and problems of their development, and identifies opportunities for the implementation of large transport and logistics projects.

Потенциал развития экспорта российской и казахстанской агропродукции в Китай

Due to their vast territory suitable for agriculture, surplus production of agricultural products and geographical proximity to the northern and western provinces of China, Russia and Kazakhstan can take significant positions in the growing Chinese market. The development of international transport corridors with access to China will contribute to the increase of the competitive capabilities of the two countries and the growth of export volumes. In this context, the interstate railway corridor with Dostyk border station (Kazakhstan) as a connecting link seems very promising. The development of this direction of agro-logistics will contribute to the inclusion of Siberian and Ural regions of the Russian Federation in international trade, will be an important factor in the international role of the Republic of Kazakhstan by attracting transit cargo from Russia. The transport corridor through Dostyk is also relevant in the context of sanctions against Russia and the need to reorient trade flows with unfriendly countries to other directions. The article identifies the types of agricultural products and regions of the cargo area that are the most promising for exports from Russia and Kazakhstan through Dostyk. To assess the potential for the development of this transport corridor, the analysis of agricultural cargo export flows from Russia and Kazakhstan to China in terms of ports and border crossings is presented, the problems and bottlenecks of agro-export logistics of Russia and Kazakhstan are studied, the economic efficiency of traditional railway and container transportation is compared, and the competitiveness of Russian agricultural products supplies to China through Dostyk in comparison with other logistics directions is estimated. The findings indicate that the regions of the cargo zone of Russia and Kazakhstan have high shipping potential for railway deliveries to China through Dostyk. However, its implementation is possible under a number of conditions: changes in railway transportation tariffs and removal of export restrictions, while intensifying negotiations between countries with China to reduce the level of customs and administrative barriers.

Optimization of Market Behavior of a Transportation Company

The relevance of optimizing the interaction of participants in manufacture and transport systems is due to the growth of the scale of social production, the development of transnational companies and international trade at the present stage of market transformations, economic integration and development of transport corridors. In this paper we will optimize the market behavior of a transport enterprise in the manufacture and transportation chain. Objectives: To determine the best option for coordinating the actions of participants in the manufacture and transport chain and to optimize the mechanism for granting discounts on the tariff of the transport company. Research methods: economic and mathematical modeling, construction and mathematical analysis of models of manufacture and transport systems, optimization computer calculations, economic interpretation of the results. In this paper it will also be analyzed how full or partial integration of the participants of manufacture and transportation chains, such as coordination of actions, unification of interests can ensure not only a significant increase in the profits of each participant, but also an increase in production volumes and delivery of products to consumers with a corresponding decrease in prices. The paper also portrays how every participant in the manufacture and transportation chain can paradoxically benefit from the established mechanism that would provide discounts on the tariff of a transport company depending on the volume of cargo flow followed by principle the more cargo, the greater the discount. It will be shown how manufacturer benefits by reducing transportation costs, while the transport company earns less per container, but the outstripping growth in the number of these containers provides it with a higher profit. Consequently, the conditions for the feasibility of applying such a mechanism of tariff discounts will also be established.

Transport Infrastructure of the Countries of Central Asia: State and Development Trends

The article discusses the role of transport in the regionalization of the countries of Central Asia and activities on international projects for the development of transport corridors in the region. The problems that arise in the countries of the subregion in the development of transport infrastructure make it possible to determine the trends in the development of transport infrastructure in the region from the point of view of the interests of both Central Asian countries and neighboring countries, in the region, and potential partners in international projects.

Северный и южный транспортные коридоры: новые реалии и перспективы развития

Due to the changing geopolitical situation, the development of transport corridors in Eurasia is of critical importance. In recent years, the reliability of the traditional route through the Suez Canal has been repeatedly questioned. There were accidents, arrest of ships, inability to enter ports, piracy and other challenges. Changing geopolitics also imposes its limitations (refusal of insurance because of sanctions, trade embargoes of a number of countries, etc.). Accordingly, countries subject to sanctions’ pressure from the United States and the EU are forced to look for safer, more reliable and faster ways to organize goods and cargo turnover. This actualizes the issue of the development of the two most promising transit corridors – the northern and southern ones. The Northern Sea Route (NSR) and the North–South Corridor (Trans-Caspian Corridor) were initially considered as options for transit transportation of goods from China to Europe. However, due to the growing social and economic crisis in Europe, the vector of routes is changing, reorienting itself to the Middle East, Africa and Asia. Moreover, the rapid social and economic development of countries and changing geopolitical conditions are activating the processes of searching not only for trade, but also for industrial cooperation. At the same time, restrictions on the development of these routes, both technical and institutional, are still in effect today. The article discusses the key prospects for the development of these transport corridors, provides estimates of possible positive effects for the regions of Russia, and also discusses the problems hindering the use of the Northern Sea Route and the North-South corridor.

The Transformation of Social and Cultural Space in the Context of the Development of Transport Corridors

This article discusses the methodology of analysis and forecasting of complex spatial systems, taking into account a lot of economic, social and cultural relationships that determine the specifics of the individual territories’ development. Particular attention is paid to the formation of specific zones on the basis of urban settlements along the path of transport corridors. In this regard, the authors introduce the concept of ”urban renewal centers” and give a definition. For its disclosure, the methodological part provides a list of related concepts, defines their boundaries and relationships, and also reveals the essence of the definitions of ‘transport corridor’ and ‘zone of transport corridor’. The authors proposed the use of vector estimates for the analysis of heterogeneous spatial systems of extended information volumes with the inclusion of sociological data and problem-oriented adaptation of visualization and processing of graphic data. As a result of a new, more detailed statement of the problem, we can go on to assess the prospects for the development of space for the complex and heterogeneous macro-regional and transboundary transport corridor Ural — Northern Kazakhstan. The study has fixed that development of urban renewal centers acts as a driver for the development of social and cultural spheres, as well as general economic conditions. The social and cultural transformation of urban settlements over time begins to determine their economic development potential. Such settlements are becoming centers of gravity in the labor market with many far-reaching development scenarios.
 Keywords: regional development, urban settlements, urban renewal, transport corridor, visualization

Peculiarities of strategic transport development in the Russian Far East and the Arctic

The paper is focused on the potential opportunities for the strategic development of the transport sector in connection with the directive documents of the Russian Federation. At the same time, particular importance is given to the strategy of priority development of transport corridors in the regions of the Far East and the Arctic, which have geographical advantages and prospects for the implementation of export-import and transit cargo transportation along domestic and international transport corridors that ensure consolidated and stable cargo flows in transport and logistics chains. The subject of research is the formation and development of transport corridors in the transport complex of the Russian Far East.

Research review on improving the efficiency of multimodal transportation based on technological solutions

During the process of analyzing Russian and foreign studies in the field of multimodal cargo transportation, existing methods for improving the efficiency of the multimodal transport system are considered. Improving efficiency of multimodal transportation today is possible due to the optimization of the interaction system between the used modes of transport and transportation of goods. Cost reduction, optimization of cargo terminals, the formation and development of the transport corridors network also play an important role in improving this type of transportation. The use of the new capabilities of satellite navigation, as well as the importance of reducing the environmental load and fuel economy should not be underestimated. The minimization of risks throughout the field of multimodal transportation, the improvement of the legislative framework and document management processes are important. To solve these problems, experts propose methods for the operational management of cargo delivery and expedited transportation. Based on these methods, the place of transport logistics in the process of bringing goods to the consumer during multimodal transportation is determined. A methodology for designing a multimodal transport network has been developed, this methodology involves the formation and development of transport corridors, taking into account new conditions for the globalization of transportation. Researches on the organization of transportation using multimodal transport units and technologies (containers, contrailers, "running highway") have been conducted. Based on the theory of controlled networks and integer linear programming methods, the experts developed mathematical models for the distribution of cargo flows, the choice of the most favorable transportation routes, ideal loading of rolling stock, and transportation of goods using the best forwarding algorithm. Methods are proposed for assessing the maximum capacity of the transport network and predicting the interference of weather conditions in the process of goods transportation, based on the Ford-Fulkerson theorem on the maximum flow and minimum cross section and the use of the mathematical apparatus of Markov chains. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the lack of a universal methodology for managing multimodal transportation processes on the basis of a telecommunication platform requires the formulation and solution of the important scientific and practical problem - the development of popular organizational and management methods, technological solutions to ensure the effectiveness of multimodal transportation. The totality of the tasks to be solved in this case has important socio-economic significance for the Russian Federation.

Comparative Assessment of the Potential of the Regions of the Zone of Influence of the Great Silk and Tea Road

This article proposes a new approach to assessing the economic potential of the regions affected by transport corridors as part of the implementation of the Great Silk and Tea Road initiatives. The proposed methodology is based on the calculation of an integral indicator, which includes five indexes of subpotentials: industrial, labor, food, innovation and financial. To calculate these indices, we used indicators of economic development, such as the volume of gross regional product per capita, the volume of gross value added under the heading “Manufacturing production”, “Agriculture”, “Financial activity” per capita, population density, economically active population, average monthly wage, number of research and development staff. In calculating the indices, their weights were taken into account, defined on the basis of the probability approach using the matrix of paired preferences. The methodology was tested in 28 regions of China, Mongolia, Russia, and Kazakhstan in the context of five alternative transport corridors: three routes of the China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor, the corridor "Western Europe - Western China", corridor "Dostyk-Alashankou - Mikhailovka-Uba". Prospects for the implementation of transport corridor programs are largely determined by the economic potential of the regions of the zone of influence, the efficiency of its use and the existing economic conditions. Assessment of the economic potential of the regions as a cumulative ability to carry out production and economic activities, meet the needs of the population will reveal promising areas of development, identify the problem points of implementation of programs. The effective development of transport corridors will contribute to increase international and interregional trade, including E-commerce, and investment; plays a pivotal role in integrating economies across regions. It's results in reducing the costs of transportation, both within and across regions, improving international market access, increasing income, and reducing poverty

Engineered landscapes of the southern Murray–Darling Basin: Anthropocene archaeology in Australia

Human activities over the past 200 years have fundamentally transformed the shape of Australia’s southern Murray–Darling Basin. The arrival of British colonists in the 19th century disrupted millennia of human management of the region and brought widespread changes to biota and soils. The subsequent development of mining, transport and irrigation infrastructure re-engineered the region’s landscapes to meet human objectives and ambitions. This article offers an integrated regional history of anthropogenic change across the southern Murray–Darling Basin, identifying historical processes driving complex ongoing interactions between human activities and the natural environment. We examine three broad domains of engineering and geo-disturbance in the region, including the development of transport corridors, micro- and macro-scale water management and landforms remade by erosion and sedimentation. We use the archaeology of the recent past to integrate insights drawn from physical geography, fluvial geomorphology and related research into the enduring landscape changes of modern Australia’s food bowl.

Central Asian transport corridors issue in the scientific literature

The article describes the main views of domestic and foreign experts on the development of transport corridors in Central Asia. The relevance of the problem is explained by the expansion of transport infrastructure in the Central Asian region within the framework of both national and international programs. The participation of Central Asian countries allows to solve a number of problems through the realization of the country’s transit potential. However, in the process of implementing infrastructure projects, regional states face risks that require a correlation of transport policies with the national interests of the countries. This explains the wide scientific interest in this issue. The expert community is increasingly focusing on issues of transport policy of states and international cooperation on transport projects. Despite the large number of works on various aspects of international and regional transport corridors, in the scientific literature there are no works of a complex nature, studying the transport corridors of Central Asia. This also applies to historiographic research.Key words: transport corridors, Central Asia, transit potential, expert community, national interests, risks.

Central Asian Transport Corridors Issue in the Scientific Literature

The article describes the main views of domestic and foreign experts on the development of transport corridors in Central Asia. The relevance of the problem is explained by the expansion of transport infrastructure in the Central Asian region within the framework of both national and international programs. The participation of Central Asian countries allows to solve a number of problems through the realization of the country’s transit potential. However, in the process of implementing infrastructure projects, regional states face risks that require a correlation of transport policies with the national interests of the countries. This explains the wide scientific interest in this issue. The expert community is increasingly focusing on issues of transport policy of states and international cooperation on transport projects. Despite the large number of works on various aspects of international and regional transport corridors, in the scientific literature there are no works of a complex nature, studying the transport corridors of Central Asia. This also applies to historiographic research.

Концепции развития и позиционирования Сибири: количественная оценка их приоритетности с геополитической точки зрения

The article analyses eight most relevant conceptions of the development and positioning of Siberia: the diversification of oil and gas flows, the Asian Super Ring, the Trans-Siberian project RAZVITIE,the strategy of the socio-economic development of Siberia, the conception of intracontinental development, the Northern Hoop, the environmental conception and that of space compression. The proposed conceptions have been classified into five main groups. A methodology for assessing the geopolitical position of regions has been tested using Siberia as an example. Changes in the parameters of the geopolitical position due to the implementation of these conceptions have been assessed. Using algebraic logic, the author identifi and analysed conditions for improving the geopolitical position of Siberia. All conceptions have been compared and analysed using a point scale. Industrial and commodity direction combined with the development of transport corridors should be given priority. Separate implementation of export-oriented and transport strategies is less effective and the development of tourism and the compression of oikoumene may worsen the geopolitical position of Siberian regions.

«Single window» mechanism as a factor in the development of transport corridors within the Eurasian Economic Union

The article discusses the importance and prospects of the implementation of the «single window» mechanism within the Eurasian Economic Union as a tool for regulating foreign economic activity. The emphasis is made on the development of transport corridors «West – East» and «North – South» based on the implementation of the «single window».

Transport Infrastructure in Ethiopia

The development of transport infrastructure is a priority objective for many African countries. This process has significant impact on the efficiency of continental and world trade corridors, and also influence on the costs of economic activity. In this case, the transformation in the transport sector of Ethiopia must be noted. The government of the country has taken a decision to create national railway network and develop aviation and road lines of communication. After The Eritrean War of Independence Eritrean separation was announced and Ethiopia lost its maritime infrastructure and became a landlocked country. This situation provides great difficulties in process of international trade and economic activity for the region. Now the development of transport corridors which connect economic centers with large ports of the region is a priority task for Ethiopian government. In this case Ethiopia is actively attracting foreign investors and world financial organizations to create stable, efficient and economically profitable ways of transport communication with the port infrastructure of neighboring countries. This year, Chinese companies finished to rebuilt the railway line Addis Ababa-Djibouti, in the coming years, governments of Kenya and Ethiopia, will launch new Mombasa-Nairobi-Addis Ababa motorway. This infrastructure projects are essential for enhancing Ethiopian competitiveness and economic activity and provide opportunity to reduce transport costs. Moreover, the Ethiopian authorities are making great progress in developing the internal transport infrastructure, first of all, in terms of increased paved road and development of railway infrastructure, which promotes more efficient use of natural,economic and human resources. Foreign companies are actively involved in realization of this transport projects and it can be a perspective area for cooperation between Russian Federation and Ethiopia. The article provides a detailed overview of Ethiopian transport sector and describes the key infrastructureprojects which can be interesting for Russian companies.