Development Of Service Sector Research Articles

GLOBAL IMPACT AND REGIONAL DIMENSIONS OF SERVICES MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

In the context of decentralization processes in Ukraine, the development of perspective segments of the service sector that can be oriented at an external domestic or foreign consumer, should be in the focus of attention of local authorities and self-government bodies. For this reason, the purpose of the paper is to explore the theoretical foundations and practical realities of developing regional service markets in Ukraine, to study the influence of national and global factors on the tertiary sector development. Methodology. The study is conducted with the application of general scientific and specific methods of economic research. In particular, the methods of analysis and synthesis were used in assessing the structure of the services market according to statistical observations. The classification method is applied in the author's vision of division of services. The use of induction and extrapolation methods made it possible to distinguish the general features of services, based on certain occasions and market indicators and to extend them to a general structure. Results show the current state and development specifics of the services market of Ukraine in the regional dimension and the prospects of export specialization of its regions and trade in services in the context of Ukraine’s participation in the WTO and association with the EU. Particular attention is paid to the study of the development of services market at the regional level, since the functioning of the services market has a clearly identified regional orientation, which causes significant differences in the development of entrepreneurship in the service sector at both the regions of the global economy, country and the local administrative and territorial entities. Some types of services are "tied" to the territory (for example, tourist locations), others have to be close to potential consumers (utility, personal, household services). The financial services sector is excluded from the subject of the study, which is explained by higher globalization of this type of services and much lower relation to regional development. Practical implications. The study of services sector development will be useful for local and national authorities while taking measures on local development programs. Value/originality. The study takes into account both local and global factors influencing the services market development, which is especially valuable in the context of Ukraine’s aspirations of integration to the European Union.

Economic Structural Transformation in Emerging Market Countries

This article analyzes the structural transformation in 30 emerging market countries (E30) on the dimensions of industry, trade, and urbanization. It finds that first, in the agricultural sector, E30 have contributed greatly to the increase of the global agricultural productivity and the transfer of labor force from the agricultural sector to industry or the service sector. However, these countries still feature a high percentage of agricultural employment, which means there is vast room for shifting the agricultural labor force. Second, in the industrial sector, E30 have made remarkable contributions to the world’s industrial development but have also displayed a trend of premature “deindustrialization.” Third, the service sector has picked up speed and gradually turned into a new driver of economic development in E30. Against this backdrop, E30 face the major challenge of how to cope with the premature deindustrialization and smoothly shift the economic growth engine from the industrial sector to the service sector. Fourth, E30 have become an important force in the world trade, with their trade structure switching from simple, primary, low-value-added goods to sophisticated, high-grade, and high-value-added goods and services. However, some emerging market countries are more susceptible to the impacts of the anti-globalization trend because of their high reliance on foreign trade and improper trade structure. Therefore, how to diversify the economy and enhance its economic resilience holds the key to the sustainable economic development of E30. Fifth, E30 have contributed greatly to world urbanization. As urbanization relies more on the service sector than on the industrial sector, it is vital to properly strike a balance between industrialization and urbanization, and between industrialization and service sector development.

The role of social innovation policy in social service sector reform: Evidence from Hong Kong

AbstractThis article illustrates how the term “social innovation” is used in the public policy domain in Hong Kong in relation to the new public management (NPM) reform of the social service sector, which originated in the early 2000s. Through document reviews and interviews, the role that social innovation policy has played in instigating changes in the contemporary social service field in the post-NPM era is identified. This includes facilitating emergence of “new” forms of social entrepreneurial activities to fill unmet social needs, empowering new actors in entering the social service sector, and reinforcing the government’s position in the NPM reform. Adopting historical institutionalism as the analytical framework, multiple path-dependent characteristics arising from the historical legacies of the incumbent social service environment – such as the longstanding partnership between the state and non-profits – are highlighted. These historical factors have weakened the efficacy of the policy efforts aimed at enacting institutional change. Overall, this article demonstrates how historical context matters in the emergence and framing of social innovation policy. It contributes to the theorisation of the role of social innovation in social service sector development in East Asia.

Methodological Aspects of Transportation Systems Classification and Management

The development of the transport services sector in the global economy determines the effectiveness of economic links, both at the international level and at the level of organizing exchange processes within each country. In this regard, the topic of improving quality of organization of the transportation process, as well as organization of effective transport and logistics services within the transportation systems, remain relevant in Russia and abroad. The current state of the transport industry in Russia is characterized by such significant factors in formation of the market environment as digitalization of management processes and development of a customer-oriented policy, which is considered in various policy documents on development of transport. Competition in the Russian transport market is especially intensified for provision of cargo transportation services over medium distances. Currently, road transport services prevail over railway transportation in several regions of Russia, that negatively affects both goods safety rates and the cost of the transportation service itself. The comprehensive plan for modernization and enhancement of main transport infrastructure of the Russian Federation until 2024 involves creation of such transportation management systems that would not only ensure efficiency of delivery in the economic aspect but would also increase the system approach and reliability. It is proposed to consider mixed transportation systems as a form of organization of transportation systems. At the same time, the issues of methodology of classification and management of the transportation process in mixed systems acquire special relevance from the point of view of the choice of system management methods depending on the classification type of the system. The objective of the study is to develop the concept of «mixed transportation system» and a classification of mixed transportation systems in the field of cargo transportation. A classification system for mixed transportation systems is suggested based on four basic criteria. The classification uses a systemic and process approach, which is associated with the features of organization of multimodal transportation. The hypothesis of the study is to further develop the methodology of «management by results» for mixed transportation systems.

Effect of oil revenues on size and income of Iranian middle class

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the effect of oil revenues on the middle-class size and income in Iran. Following Kharas (2017. The unprecedented expansion of the global middle class: An update. The Brookings Institution), it uses an absolute measure to define the middle class as those who earn between US$11 and US$110 per day (2011 PPP). The study employs annual time series data for 1965–2017 and a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model along with impulse response and variance decomposition analyses. Findings indicate that the response of the middle class to positive oil-income shocks in Iran is positive and significant. It is further shown that the channels of international non-oil trade, service sector, and overall economic development are important in understanding the relationship between the oil income and the middle class in Iran. These results are robust when controlling for other channels in the nexus of oil income and middle class as well as alternative definitions of middle-class income based on relative measures obtained from Iran’s income and expenditure household surveys.

The development of service sector in the conditions of digital transformation of the national economy

The subject of this research is the development of the domestic service sector within the framework of digitalization of economic space. The goal consists in determination of the processes of dependence of the development of service sector in the context of digital transformation of the economy of the Russian Federation at the current stage of development of the national economy. The author sets the following tasks: to analyze the key economic indicators of the development of service sector in the Russian Federation; to reveal the peculiarities of digital transformation of business in this sphere; to determine the development patterns in service sector under the influence of digital processes. As a result, the author identifies the patterns and trends in the development of service sector under the influence of digital processes – increase in activity ratio and decrease in staff size. The acquired materials can be used for promoting the development of service sector on the macro- and micro-levels, which defines the value of this research. The scientific novelty consists in the formed matrix of interrelation between the development of separate branches of service sector and the processes of business digitalization. The article reveals heterogeneity in the sphere of digitalization of business processes in the service sector of the Russian Federation, as well as the trend of relative increase of the efficiency of enterprises in the industries characterized by high digital activity.

Incidence and Determinants of Educated-Youth Unemployment in Rajshahi City of Bangladesh

This study presents the incidence and determinants of unemployment among educated youths in Rajshahi city of Bangladesh. For this purpose, the study analyses primary data collected from randomly selected 250 graduated students of different educational institutions in Rajshahi city by applying two-fold approaches, such as descriptive statistics, and logistic regression analysis. The descriptive statistics approach finds the rate of unemployment among educated youths in the city is 59.2% and the mean duration of unemployment is 2.5 years. The logistic regression results find that the probability of being unemployed will be decreased if the educated youths are migrated to Dhaka city, have internet access, and are connected with social network but if they have job preferences, the probability of being unemployment will be increased. Therefore, institutional facilities, job related trainings, and the development of service sector in Rajshahi city can be crucial solution of the problem.

Розвиток сфери освітніх послуг в Україні

Розвиток сфери освітніх послуг в Україні

МЕХАНИЗМ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ВУЗОВ С ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСКИМИ СТРУКТУРАМИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ

The article deals with the problems of the development of the innovative component of the higher education services sector, which provides a link between science and business under the influence of digital transformation. The necessity of creating a mechanism of interaction between universities and business structures of the region is substantiated. The trends determining the further development of the higher education services market on the basis of a practice-oriented approach through interaction with business structures and the creation of small innovative enterprises are identified. The basis for the development of innovative activities in universities was the implementation of the national project "Education", which allowed to increase the innovative component. Since small innovative enterprises began to be created in accordance with Federal Law No. 217 FZ of 02.08.2009, universities have the right to involve all interested persons as co-founders and introduce their own developments into production. The created small innovative enterprises revealed a number of unresolved problems: related to the authorized capital; with the acquisition of equipment for conducting research; with the lack of the right to dispose of their property; with the provision of investments and the investor's desire to invest in this project; the ability of employees and teachers of universities to engage in entrepreneurial activity and the lack of experience, ability and ability to attract interested parties for the implementation of projects. At the same time, despite a number of unresolved problems, small innovative enterprises at universities in the modern conditions of economic development contribute to the disclosure of creative potential, implement the results of innovative activities and establish a connection with commercial structures, the business environment and educational institutions. The formed scientific potential of the educational institution makes it possible to ensure the development of the scientific base and to form a creative scientific approach to personnel training, and small innovative enterprises will ensure the introduction of innovative products into business structures and increase their competitiveness. The results of the study can be used to predict structural changes in the field of higher education services. It is concluded that the priority in the development of the higher education services sector is the formation of a scientific base based on the creation of small innovative enterprises, which will increase the attractiveness of universities and create conditions for the introduction of innovations, as well as increase the investment opportunities of regions and the level of digital transformation of society.

Econometric modeling of the development of educational services to the population of kashkadarya region

The factors influencing the development of the public education service sector have been studied, the interrelationships between them have been analyzed, and multi-factor empirical models have been built based on them.An economic analysis of the constructed model was made and forecasted based on it.

The business services sector – development potential in the West Pomeranian region

The impact of Covid-19 on the global economy has been multi-faceted. The article aims to show potential for the development of the business services sector in the West Pomeranian region by compiling data and forecasts for the evolution of the sector in the world and Poland.Organizations around the world will increasingly rely on managing the data they want to manage securely and efficiently, achieving optimal levels of operations while working virtually. The author hypothesizes that the upward trend in the development of the sector in the West Pomeranian region will continue.

Service industry to provide employment in rural Russia and provide sustainability – Republic of Karelia case study

The objective of the paper is to analyses the development of the service industry in Russian Federation to understand whether the country crossed the threshold of the postindustrial economy. We see that the development of service industry in Russia not stable and shows decline. At the same time, service industry gives new options to rural people and rural territory to broaden economic diversity and make it less damaged by mining activities. The service sector provides new opportunities for rural people in search of a job. The authors revise the average month wages in different economic sectors in the Republic of Karelia. The first objective is to find out the sectors with the highest wages. But the second and the most important objective was to find average wages in services sectors and weather they can attract people to village. Authors revise main problem preventing the development of service sector, notably, info communicational services and proposes some solutions.

The Human Factor in the Hungarian Business Services Sector Development in Comparison with Regional Competitors

The Human Factor in the Hungarian Business Services Sector Development in Comparison with Regional Competitors

How to Include Omnichannel Services in Land-Use Policy?

This paper is a reflective overview of the knowledge on online conversion of services in the perspective of urban planning. It points that traditional planning aimed at building optimal spatial relationships between particular functions in urban environment. Particular decision-making rules have been introduced, contributing to a hierarchical land-use structure. This traditional approach has been recently challenged by the rapid ICT development which added a lively, virtual, and non-spatial dimension of urban economy. The well-established foundations of urban planning started to shake, calling for a new paradigm. This paper looks for an alternative to conventional planning which would be able to develop policies for omnichannel services (i.e., enterprises that use both online and offline channels for communicating and distributing their products). The advantages of ‘e-planning' in managing omnichannel services sector are outlined and a conclusion is drawn that only a multi-channel approach can bring appropriate answers to contemporary developments in services sector.

스포츠서비스산업 SWOT분석을 통한 정책 지원방향 도출에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to explore the basics for the service sector development policies of Korean sport industry. Specifically, based on the conceptual understanding of service, the current situation of the sports service industry was analyzed to provide the basis for establishing effective support policies in the future. Firstly, the researchers reviewed the relevant documentation and arranged the definition of sport service industry. Secondly, the politic directions for the development of sport service industry were provided by SWOT analysis. Focus Group Interviews (FGIs) with 19 practitioners and scholars and secondary statistics were processed for the SWOT. To validate and finalize the results of the SWOT, advisory meetings with sport industry experts were held. The results of the study are expected to provide a steppingstone for the stakeholders of sport industry to achieve their managerial objectives and the politic effectiveness.

Development of the service sector in Poland compared to other European Union countries: an extended analysis

Introduction. In the recent years, many changes in the economic transformations that can be treated as evidences of the country’s economic development were observed in the European Union member states. The service sector also experienced many changes. The nature of services is constantly changing, new types of services keep appearing, but at the same time many of them suffer from lack of demand and disappear. The role of services is more and more significant in the socio-economic development as well as in individuals’ lives, hence, this is a relevant issue and should be studied extensively. The purpose of the paper is to discuss the transformations taking place in the services sector in Poland against other European Union countries and to analyze internal changes within the sector. Methods. Taken in this paper attempt to assess the development of the services sector is based on the analysis of the economic indicators, mainly the gross value added and employment rates. The study presents the results of the research on the development of the service sector in years 2009-2019. The directions and scope of changes taking place in particular services sector sections were analyzed. The results of the conducted research show that the determinant of the level of the service sector development is not only its high share in the three-sector structures, but also internal changes observed in the sector itself. The individual sections contribution to the creation of the gross value added and the level of employment vary greatly. The dominant activity among service entities in terms of value added is commercial activity. Moreover, the analysis of the service sector identifies which sections have the greatest impact on the service sector development. These sections include: wholesale and retail trade, transport and warehouse management, as well as professional, scientific and technical activities. Conclusion. Based on the research, it was found that the share of the service sector in the structures of economies of highly developed countries is prevailing. It is indicated by the increase in employment in this sector, the growing share in the creation of gross value added, as well as the number of service enterprises. The service sector stimulates the development of the economy, and its condition proves the dynamics of social and economic development.

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN THE HOTEL AND RESTAURANT BUSINESS IN A HIGH SCHOOL

The issue of training of specialists in the hospitality industry is one of the most relevant in the theory and methodology of professional education. This is primarily due to the prospects of the development of the hotel and restaurant industry – an important sector of the domestic economy and due to the need for highly qualified management staff. This determines the definition of theoretical and methodological foundations of the process of training of professionals in the hospitality industry, in particular, a number of methodological approaches that ensure its effectiveness. The purpose of the article is to specify the methodological approaches to the professional training of future specialists in the sphere of hospitality. Research methods used: analysis and synthesis of psychological and pedagogical literature, as well as educational programs – were used to clarify the features of professional training of hospitality specialists; generalization – to formulate author's conclusions. Professional training of future specialists in the hospitality industry is considered as a process of professional development of graduates capable of designing and implementing their own professional career, who have the necessary professional and personal qualities. Among them: an understanding of the subject area as well as the features of the placement and the use of recreational resources in the regions of the world, the ability to assess the development potential of the hospitality industry, taking into account the needs of various categories of consumers and types of tourism, the ability to analyze trends and prospects for the development of national and global service sector markets, to establish relationships between development the hospitality industry and socio-economic processes in the country, to highlight risk factors, the ability to use modern managerial, organizational and economic mechanisms to increase the competitiveness of national means of accommodation and restaurant business establishments. It is established that the methodological principles of professional training of future specialists in the sphere of hospitality in the context of the modern educational paradigm is the synthesis of competency,­ system, cultural, integrative, personal and practice-oriented approaches. These approaches make it possible to carry out professional training of specialists in a holistic manner through the formation of not only professionally significant knowledge, skills and abilities, but also the improvement of important personal qualities, on the formation of which the productivity and the final result of their professional development as future specialists in the hospitality industry depend.

Systemic Sustainable Development in the Transport Service Sector

The concept of sustainability and sustainable development, especially systemic sustainable development, still raises controversy in literature. The article makes an attempt to re-examine these concepts from a systems perspective, seeking foundations and applications in the selected sector. It is becoming increasingly clear that sustainability and sustainable development are aimed at integrated economic, social, cultural, political, and ecological factors. This causes a need for a constructive approach to the issue, taking into account all the actors, areas and dimensions involved in the pursuit of systemic sustainable development. As a result, both local and global dimensions and the way they interact must be explored in a multifaceted manner in order to offer a perspective more effective and useful than other analytical approaches, as the systems view is a way of thinking in terms of connectedness, relationships, and context. The article aims to review selected publications and studies so as to form the general idea of systemic sustainable development and define the systemic development of sustainable transport, including in particular the perspective of the actors of the sector, transport providers (passenger, urban), and transport development program, implemented both by local governments and on the European scale. An attempt was made to identify elements of the systemic sustainable development model, setting it in the reality of the following subcategories: “Society”, “Economy”, and “Environment” in sectoral terms. It is supposed that systemic sustainable development is a conglomerate of public administration entities, companies operating in the sector, individual and corporate customers, acting in certain conditions for economic, social, and environmental well-being, and a number of their initiatives of major or minor significance, grouped in six sub-areas, undertaken to achieve systemic value in the examined sector, with a positive or negative business/economic, social, and environmental impact.

Estimating the mitigation potential of the Chinese service sector using embodied carbon emissions accounting

It is universally recognized that direct carbon emissions based on energy consumption and industrial production lead to carbon leakage and inequality. This paper employs input–output analysis (IOA) and the hypothetical extraction method (HEM) to establish an embodied carbon analysis framework to resolve the above externalities. As a typical downstream consumption industry, the service sector has had very little work examining its embodied carbon transfer structure and related climate policies. In this paper, carbon flows of China's service sector between 1997 and 2015 are mapped and a scenario analysis is conducted that accounts for the service sector development plan and carbon emissions reduction targets. The results demonstrate that 13–19% of carbon flows in the Chinese economy are caused by the service sector's demand of other sectors. Controlling the industry scale and carbon intensity of its upstream industries effectively mitigates the dramatic growth of embodied carbon emissions in the service sector. The embodied carbon emissions accounting framework might provide new insights for the definition of emissions reduction responsibility on both a regional and sectoral scale. The further exploration of the service industry from this novel perspective will be helpful in realizing China's overall carbon emissions reduction goals.

Development trends of service industry in Yakutia in the late XIX century

The object of this research is the establishment of service industry in Yakutia, while the subject is its development trends in the second half of the XIX century. Attention is focused on examination of the documents from the National Archive of Sakha Republic (Yakutia), namely content of the documents of Yakut regional administration for the period from 1850s to 1900s, reports of the town governors of the Yakut region, and comparison with the existing research on the history of Yakutia of this period. The author explore the peculiarities of service industry as a social and historical process; determine natural-climatic and historical factors impacting the development of service sector in Yakutia; review social composition of the participants, as well as headmost services in Yakutia in the late XIX century. The conclusion is made that in the late XIX century, service sector in Yakutia was at its infancy, and characterized by a contradictory tendency, which on one hand combined limitedness of the content and types of services due to immaturity of the craft, state control and initiative in this sphere; and on the other –  engaged the representatives of different social groups, set vector towards the forming consumer requests, rudiments of legal culture and civil society. The author makes an assumption that due to the historical and political development of our country, the indicated contradiction was not resolved in subsequent periods and retains certain effect on the current state and development of service sector in Yakutia. The novelty of this work consists in attraction and examination of the extensive archival material that allows broadening the knowledge on the establishment of service sector in Yakutia.