Development Of Processing Technology Research Articles

Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Models for Olive Detection on the Branch

The future of deep learning integration in agriculture holds great potential for advancing sustainable agricultural practices, precision agriculture and improved decision-making. With the rapid development of image processing and artificial intelligence technologies in recent years, deep learning has begun to play a major role in identifying agricultural pests and optimizing agricultural product marketing. However, there are challenges related to data quality, model scalability, and geographical limitations for widespread adoption of deep learning in agriculture. This study on Olive was conducted to improve the quality of the data set and to ensure more reliable training of object detection models. According to the result of the training process of YOLOv7 used in the study, it was concluded that it was characterized by decreasing loss values and showed an increase in the model's ability to detect objects correctly. It was observed that the other model, YOLOv8l, had a more effective learning capacity and a tendency to learn faster. The performance of both models was evaluated with various metrics, and it was determined that YOLOv8l had higher Precision, Recall, and mAP values. It was emphasized that YOLOv8l showed high performance even in low epoch numbers and can be preferred especially in cases where time and computational resources were limited. It was determined that YOLOv7 made detections in a wide confidence range, but had difficulty in detections with low confidence scores. It was observed that YOLOv8l made more stable and reliable detections with higher confidence scores. The metric data of the "YOLOv8l" model was found to be higher compared to other models. The F1 score of the YOLOv5l model was 92.337%, precision 96.568%, recall %88,462,mAP@0.5:0.65 value gave the highest score with 94.608%. This research on deep learning-based object detection models indicated that YOLOv8l showed superior performance compared to YOLOv7 and was a more reliable option for agricultural applications.

Research on Maintenance and Replacement technology of Space Mechanical Arm

This paper presents the station arm structural components and discusses the importance and challenge of station arm maintenance. The article provides the main process of the maintenance of the space station robotic arm, including the troubleshooting, the replacement and maintenance of parts, and the calibration and testing of the system. At the same time, the article also points out that the mechanical arm failure may be caused by a variety of factors, including electrical failure, mechanical failure and environmental failure, and shows some classic cases and summarizes the experience. This paper shows the development process of maintenance technology and the current research status quo. Finally, it is pointed out that the maintenance of the space station robotic arm still faces many difficulties and risks, which need further research and improvement.

Development of a Content Framework of Artificial Intelligence Integrated Education Considering Ethical Factors

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has brought about significant positive changes across society. However, it has also introduced challenges like privacy breaches, data bias, and spreading fake news. In response, several countries, including South Korea, have provided ethical guidelines and policies for AI. Yet, these measures often fall short of keeping pace with the speed and diversity of AI development. To address these issues, this study developed a comprehensive approach by integrating ethical considerations into AI education, covering the entire AI technology development and application process. It involved analyzing previous research on AI and AI ethics education and creating a draft of an integrated AI education program focused on problem-solving based on computational thinking and ethical practicality. The draft was refined and supplemented through two rounds of expert Delphi surveys, ultimately leading to an “Integrated AI Education Program.” This proposed program emphasizes that the knowledge content of AI technology and ethical considerations should not be treated separately but addressed together. It aims to enhance moral and social capacities alongside the experience of thinking like a computer scientist when solving real-life problems. Through this, the program supports the ultimate goal of AI education: to foster computational thinking while providing an educational experience that considers both technology and ethics. This study is expected to advance the discussion on integrating AI ethics into AI education curricula and contribute to developing socially responsible AI developers and users.

Hybrid chips to enable a sustainable internet of things technology: opportunities and challenges

AbstractA new technological approach is needed for the development of emerging electronic components and systems within the Internet of Things (IoT) era. New advancements and innovations are required in architectural design and hybrid systems heterogeneous integration to address the challenge of widespread IoT deployment, its power demands and sustainability. Hybrid chips are one of the emerging technologies that can help overcome the current limitations in terms of energy consumption, performance and sustainability that could shape the future of electronic systems for targeted applications. Hybrid chips combine different materials and manufacturing technologies on the same substrate or package using advanced flexible heterogeneous integration techniques, with the focus of merging the advantages of each unit or technology toward enhanced performance and new levels of emerging functionalities. The categorization of hybrid chips spans across rigid hybrid chips that follow a multi-chiplet approach, semi-flexible chips that integrate flexible units with semi-rigid ones such as thinned silicon integrated circuits, and lastly, flexible chips in which all components are inherently flexible. This perspective article analyzes technical challenges that arise concerning the development of sustainable materials and processing technologies, complex heterogeneous integration, as well as advanced packaging architectures, standardization, and reliability testing. The economic implications for the semiconductor technology transition to hybrid chips is presented in terms of manufacturing costs, economic feasibility, and market readiness. Key insights and future application opportunities are provided, while recent advancements in the field are summarized. This perspective article suggests that by addressing these challenges, hybrid chips have the potential to transform electronic components and systems across a wide range of industries and use case scenario. The advancement of hybrid chip technologies by enhancing the collaboration between industry and academia as well as policymakers will be a crucial part in the realization of required sustainability goals within the worldwide Chips Act initiative, while ensuring the technological progress has the right balance between improved performance and sustainability.

A review of virtual reality technology

Virtual reality technology (VR) is a computer simulation system that can create and experience virtual worlds. It utilizes computers to generate a simulated environment, allowing users to immerse themselves in the environment. Virtual reality technology has been one of the fastest-developing information technologies in recent years. It, along with multimedia technology and network technology, is known as the three most promising computer technologies. As an emerging science and technology, it has been less than 100 years since its emergence, and there is still great room for development in its theory and practical application. This article focuses on virtual reality technology and its applications, based on existing literature and statistical data. The main content includes its advantages, characteristics, technical composition, development history, and applications in different directions. The development process of virtual reality technology is not long, but it has unique advantages and technologies specifically serving it. It does not require much physical participation and has positive implications in applications such as education, entertainment, and healthcare. Its future direction will be towards replacing real hardware with virtual hardware, becoming more practical, intelligent, and refined.

Charting the Irreversible Degradation Modes of Low Bandgap Pb‐Sn Perovskite Compositions for De‐Risking Practical Industrial Development

AbstractThe commercialization of a solar technology necessitates the fulfillment of specific requirements both regarding efficiency and stability to enter and gain space in the photovoltaic market. These aims are heavily dependent on the selection of suitable materials, which is critical for suppressing any reliability risks arising from inherent instabilities. Focusing on the absorber material, herein the most suitable low bandgap lead‐tin composition candidate for all‐perovskite tandem applications is investigated by studying their degradation mechanisms with both widely available and advanced characterization techniques. Three irreversible degradation processes are identified in narrow bandgap Pb‐Sn perovskite absorbers: 1) Tin (Sn) oxidation upon air exposure, 2) methylammonium (MA) loss upon heat exposure, and 3) formamidinium (FA) and cesium (Cs) segregation leading to impurity phase formation. From an industrial perspective, it is proposed to refocus attention on FASn0.5Pb0.5I3 which minimizes all three effects while maintaining a suitable bandgap for a bottom cell and good performance. Moreover, a practical and highly sensitive characterization method is proposed to monitor the oxidation, which can be deployed both in laboratory and industrial environments and provide useful information for the technological development process, including, the effectiveness of encapsulation methods, and the acceptable time windows for air exposure.

DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL MARKETING OF BANKING INSTITUTIONS

The article draws attention to the issues of development of the system of digital banking services in Ukraine, in particular in terms of marketing and direct promotion of digital services of banking institutions. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to improve the methodological and applied principles and provisions for the promotion of digital banking services of banking institutions. It is shown that new economic conditions and realities have increased competition in the banking sector, which, in turn, prompts banking institutions to search for new sources of efficiency and intensify their own development through better promotion of banking services through new sales channels. One of these directions is, firstly, the marketing itself, and, secondly, the provision of digital banking services. It has been established that the development of digital marketing of banking institutions is due in equal measure to two trends: the digital transformation of the economy and society, and, therefore, the increase in the level of demand of consumers of banking products for their service online and/or with the use of the Internet; the development of digital networks and communications, and, therefore, a significant expansion of technical, technological and even economic opportunities for the implementation of digital technologies in the activities of banking institutions. The stages of the development process of digital technologies in the activities of banking institutions were identified, which went through 5 evolutionary stages - from the appearance of digital channels to the creation of "digital DNA" - a new system of coordinates for making strategic decisions throughout the entire life cycle of the operation and development of a banking institution. The leading directions and advantages of implementing the tasks of the digital marketing strategy of banking institutions have been determined, which are: modernization of the communication system with clients, significant growth of opportunities in the volume of communications and in the subjects of "communication"; a significant increase in the capabilities of the information and analytical subsystem of marketing, which is the way to make more reasonable and reliable management decisions in the field of marketing management; increasing the economic efficiency of the provision of banking services, increasing their scale and efficiency both vertically and horizontally in the business technological process; expansion of opportunities for the implementation of image programs, increasing the level of customer loyalty and their trust in the bank and its banking services. The leading directions of the development of digital marketing of banking institutions are indicated, which define the corporatization of digital systems of business communications and the provision of banking services, the use of digital marketing opportunities to increase the volume of provision of basic and additional services on the Internet, the spread of digital marketing to the intrabank management system, its automation.

Development of Hot Stamping Process Technology with 60% Improved Energy Efficiency by Applying Joule Heating Technology

Development of Hot Stamping Process Technology with 60% Improved Energy Efficiency by Applying Joule Heating Technology

Contribution by Russian Academy of Sciences to the development of minerals concentration and processing technology. Marking the 300th anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Contribution by Russian Academy of Sciences to the development of minerals concentration and processing technology. Marking the 300th anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Information technology of synthesis of liquid dosing process control

Problem. Currently, different solutions are available on the global market for liquid dosing. There is no universal technology, as the same substances can be dosed using different types of equipment. Therefore, manufacturers face the complex task of determining the most optimal kind of equipment to achieve their goals. These issues are a complex multi-criteria scientific problem, and to effectively address them, it is necessary to develop a technology for synthesizing a liquid dosing control system using multi-criteria optimization methods in different conditions of information determinacy. Goal. The paper aims to increase the efficiency of liquid dosing control by developing information technology for the control system synthesizing. The object of the paper is the process of information technology development for synthesizing the liquid dosing control system. The subject of the paper is the models for the selection of hardware and software for the liquid dosing control system. Methodology. The study analyses and provides a classification of liquid dosing technology and analyses existing liquid dosing control systems. A structural model of information technology for synthesising a liquid dosing control system is developed, and criteria for selecting the elements of the liquid dosing control system are justified. A model for selecting PLC and SCADA systems for synthesising the liquid dosing control system is also developed using hierarchical analysis methods and multi-criteria evaluation and optimisation. Results. The paper resulted in the following: analysis and classification of liquid dosing technology; analysis of existing liquid dosing control systems; development of a structural model of the information technology of synthesising a liquid dosing control system; justification of criteria for selecting the elements of the liquid dosing control system, and the development of a model for selecting PLC and SCADA systems for the synthesis of the liquid dosing control system using hierarchical analysis methods and multi-criteria evaluation and optimisation. Originality. Further development of the methods of hierarchy analysis and multi-criteria assessment and optimization has been achieved by applying them to a specific field – the development of models for selecting hardware and software for the liquid dosing process control system. Practical value. The proposed information technology of synthesising a liquid dosing control system, as well as the mathematical models for selecting hardware and software for the liquid dosing process control system, will reduce the time and cost required to develop such a system.

A Mood Semantic Awareness Model for Emotional Interactive Robots.

The rapid development of natural language processing technology and improvements in computer performance in recent years have resulted in the wide-scale development and adoption of human-machine dialogue systems. In this study, the Icc_dialogue model is proposed to enhance the semantic awareness of moods for emotional interactive robots. Equipped with a voice interaction module, emotion calculation is conducted based on model responses, and rules for calculating users' degree of interest are formulated. By evaluating the degree of interest, the system can determine whether it should transition to a new topic to maintain the user's interest. This model can also address issues such as overly purposeful responses and rigid emotional expressions in generated replies. Simultaneously, this study explores topic continuation after answering a question, the construction of dialogue rounds, keyword counting, and the creation of a target text similarity matrix for each text in the dialogue dataset. The matrix is normalized, weights are assigned, and the final text score is calculated. In the text with the highest score, the content of dialogue continuation is determined by calculating a subsequent sentence with the highest similarity. This resolves the issue in which the conversational bot fails to continue dialogue on a topic after answering a question, instead waiting for the user to voluntarily provide more information, resulting in topic interruption. As described in the experimental section, both automatic and manual evaluations were conducted to validate the significant improvement in the mood semantic awareness model's performance in terms of dialogue quality and user experience.

Nuclear power technologies development: Historical track and future evolution

Understanding the evolution mechanism of nuclear power technology development is crucial for predicting its future path and devising a sound strategic plan. While classical economic theory provides the relationships between of technological progress and economic growth on specific assumptions, it is necessary to explore the evolutionary mechanism of technology development without prior assumptions. Furthermore, given the various forms of technological development, including basic research, patent technology, and product trade, the intricate relationship between them and economic growth necessitates further elucidation. This study aims to shed light on the evolutionary process of nuclear power technology development by constructing complex systems of “Science-Technology-Product-Economic growth,” applying Bayesian dynamic system modeling methods to establish the evolutionary equation of the complex systems and revealing the historical track and future evolution of nuclear power technology development. This study offers a fresh perspective to unravel the evolution of nuclear power technology development, facilitates a nuanced characterization of energy technology progress, and assists in developing an optimized learning curve for energy technology.

2015 개정 교육과정 중학교 기술·가정 교과서의 건설기술 관련 단원에 대한 내용학적 분석

Objectives The purpose of this study is to prevent the same writing errors in the future by analyzing problems in the description of the construction technology section of the 2015 revised curriculum technology and home eco-nomics textbook from a content perspective and suggesting appropriate alternatives.
 Methods In this study, an analysis framework was constructed based on the achievement standards of the 2015 revised curriculum and the content system of technology and home economics textbooks. In addition, this study reviewed the content validity and presented alternatives in five areas: the concept and characteristics of con-struction technology, the production process of construction structures, the construction technology system, the development process of construction technology, and future construction technology.
 Results In this study, civil engineering technology is a concept that encompasses the concepts of social overhead capital, natural power, energy utilization, and sustainability, and the characteristics of construction technology are sole production, immobility, complexity, costliness, and publicness. Most descriptions of the production process of construction structures focused on architectural structures, and there appeared to be no textbooks explaining the differences between architectural structures and civil structures at the planning and design stage. The devel-opment process of construction technology was mostly divided into four stages, and many inappropriate cases were found in the period classification of buildings, descriptions of styles, structures, and example buildings.
 Conclusions The construction technology section of current technology and home economics textbooks contains many problems and errors from a content perspective. These problems and errors can be fully reviewed and cor-rected by content experts. It is expected that the same problems can be improved in new textbooks through this study.

Development of technology for complex processing of Jerusalem artichoke

According to global analytical agencies the most promising area of development of the food industry is the enrichment of food products with physiologically functional ingredients – dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, etc. Analysis of the market for functional ingredients indicates the prospects of organizing the production of domestic inulin and other biologically active components from various anatomical parts herbaceous tuberous plant of the Sunflower genus – Jerusalem artichoke, the distinctive features of which are high yield of tubers, unpretentiousness to cultivation conditions, resistance to diseases and pests. The purpose of the research was to develop a technology for the production of inulin and chlorophyll from Jerusalem artichoke tubers and leaves. The work used generally accepted physical and chemical methods for studying plant objects. The results of the research made it possible to establish optimal technological parameters for the process of extracting inulin from Jerusalem artichoke tubers with a 60% aqueous-alcohol solution. The technology has been proposed for the production of inulin from Jerusalem artichoke tubers, based on the fractionation of a mixture of components with different molecular weights, by passing them through polyamide composite membranes of reverse osmosis roll type. It has been established that the molecular weight of inulin isolated from Jerusalem artichoke tubers of the «Interes» variety is 5.84 kDa. It has been revealed that Jerusalem artichoke leaves contain a and b chlorophyll in amounts of 6.98 and 0.74 mg/g of wet matter. Copper chlorophyll derivatives isolated from Jerusalem artichoke leaves are promising not only as food colorings, but also as biologically active substances with a wide spectrum of action. The target products obtained using the proposed technology – inulin and copper derivatives of chlorophylls – can find wide practical application in the food industry and in public catering.

Technology-based forecasting approach for recognizing trade-off between time-to-market reduction and devising a scheduling process in open innovation management

Due to rapid advances being made in computing technologies, open innovation methods are being used for better managerial forecasting and min-max efficient time for delivering final products to the marketplace. This requires that technology, time, human capital, efficient and sound production methods, and delivery are all high quality. This paper explores how ‘process development′ can connect all parties in managerial efficiency in time and cost to achieve targeted goals. Knowledge gaps concerning operations and technological forecasting of multiple development projects under open innovation infrastructure are filled in here. Overlapping consecutive tasks in the production process to reach the desired objective are described. The proposed model recognizes the trade-off between time-to-market reduction and devising a scheduling process that is minimized as much as possible, which demonstrates time to delivery effectiveness. The model serves to conduct an empirical study using Chinese data. We observe encouraging results in the modelling of operational excellence in technology development processes (lead time data) using Convex, Linear and Nonlinear models to achieve the goals. Overall, in open innovation, where collaboration spans boundaries and involves multiple stakeholders, effective overlapping scheduling isn't just about managing time; it's about orchestrating a harmonious collaboration that enables diverse groups to work cohesively towards a shared goal, and our paper contributes to providing a seminal toolkit and methodologies into it.

A latest progress in the study of fish behavior: cross-generational effects of behavior under pollution pressure and new technologies for behavior monitoring.

With the development of agriculture and industry, an increasing number of pollutants are being discharged into the aquatic environment. These pollutants can harm aquatic life. The behavioral characteristics of animals are an external manifestation of their internal mechanisms. Changes in behavior reflect damage and changes in the internal mechanisms. Environmental pollution may lead to behavioral changes not only in the parental generation but also in the offspring that has not been exposed to the pollutants. That is, the intrinsic mechanism that leads to behavioral changes is inheritable. Fish are representative species of aquatic organisms and are commonly used in various research studies. The behavior of fish has also received extensive attention, and the monitoring technology for fish behavior has developed rapidly. This article summarizes the development process of behavior monitoring technology and introduces some of the latest technologies for studying fish behavior. This article also summarizes the intergenerational effects of pollutants on fish behavior, as well as the potential intrinsic and genetic mechanisms that may lead to behavioral changes. This article provides a reference for future relevant neurobehavioral studies.

Model Performance Evaluation: VGG19 and Dense201 for Fresh Meat Detection

To guarantee consumer safety and meet quality expectations, accurate detection of meat quality is a critical component of the food industry. The objective of this research endeavor is to assess and contrast the fresh meat detection capabilities of two distinct artificial neural network architectures, denoted as Dense201 and VGG19. Automated systems that can identify vital qualities in fresh meat, including color, texture, and cleanliness, have become feasible due to the development of image processing technology. For this reason, however, there are still few direct comparisons between various architectures of artificial neural networks, particularly VGG19 and Dense201. Comparing and contrasting the performance of both models in identifying the quality of meat from visual images, this study attempts to fill this void. Utilizing a vast dataset containing a variety of fresh meats exhibiting substantial visible variations constituted the research methodology. The assessment was conducted by examining the efficacy of both models in determining the quality of meat using established performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Regarding the detection of fresh meat, it is anticipated that the findings of this study will offer a comprehensive understanding of the benefits and drawbacks associated with every artificial neural network architecture. Contributing to a greater comprehension of the application of precise and efficient meat detection technology, this study also furnishes the food industry with a foundation for determining which model best meets the requirements of meat quality detection on a larger production scale.

The Advancement and Prospects of the Tree Trunk Injection Technique in the Prevention and Control of Diseases and Pests

Traditional spraying of pesticides causes significant drift losses, and the residues of pesticides can also affect non-targeted organisms in the environment. Tree injection technology is a precise and targeted pesticide delivery method used in the prevention and treatment of tree and fruit tree pest infestations. It uses the tree’s xylem to transport the injected pesticides throughout the entire plant, reducing pesticide exposure in an open environment. This review summarizes the basic principles and development process of tree injection technology, compares its advantages with other application techniques, describes the development of injection equipment and key information to be aware of, and proposes suggestions for future research directions in injection application techniques.

3D-printed Laponite/Alginate hydrogel-based suppositories for versatile drug loading and release.

Traditional approaches to solid rectal therapies have halted progress, leading to a continual decline in the use of conventional suppositories. Additive manufacturing techniques have been recently explored as a suitable innovative tool for suppository fabrication. However, little advancement has been made in composition materials for 3D-printed suppository (3DPS) manufacturing and still, conventional vehicles are often used for construct fabrication, hindering the growth in the field. As a novelty, this study unveils a ground-breaking Laponite-alginate hydrogel-based 3DPS. Interestingly, this study proposes a novel approach for loading drugs into the 3DPS employing for the first time the post-printing loading. Thus, a passive loading strategy of molecular models is developed, demonstrating the versatility and capacity to load molecules of different charges and molecular sizes within the matrix systems. This novel strategy allows adapting the load of a wide range of drugs into a single ink, which simplifies and speeds up the 3DPS technological development process for drugs with different physico-chemical properties. Additionally, in this research, a displacement strategy of the three-dimensional Laponite matrices is developed in order to enhance the drug release capacity through the 3DPS and their disintegration capacity, resulting in a significant improvement of the drug diffusion through the hydrogel matrix and a rapid disintegration of the 3DPS. Finally, our study demonstrates that the obtained 3DPS have a suitable in vivo behavior, being non-obstructive and allowing the normal motility of the rats intestine.

Evolution Trends and Market Impact Analysis of Fintech: Based on the Case Study of Williams

The development of financial technology is a double-edged sword, which not only breaks the traditional technical barriers between financial enterprises and technology companies but also makes finance and technology fully integrate together and release much economic vitality. But at the same time, the regulatory problems brought by financial technology and the uncertainty of the development of the industry have also produced a certain negative threat to the market. As a third-party payment company, Williams Company has made many pioneering efforts in the development of financial technology and has also made a series of achievements in the past years. Taking the development of this company as a case study, we will discuss the evolution trend of financial technology and the problems existing in the development process of financial technology, which will open our vision, strengthen supervision and promote scientific and technological progress. It is of obvious value.