Detail Work Research Articles

Analysis Value Engineering at Work Apartment Building Wall

It was Optimizing resources to analyze cost efficiency in implementing construction projects. One method that can be used for resource optimization is value engineering (VE). Value engineering (VE) as a management technique to determine the efficiency between the cost and performance of a product or project and stay on appearance, quality and maintenance. Then value engineering is applied to the construction of apartment buildings to get cost efficiencies from the initial budget planning. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of value engineering in the construction of apartment buildings, especially in-wall installations. The VE method consists of five stages: Information stage, the creativity stage, the analysis stage, the development stage, and the presentation stage. Information stage, data collection in the form of cost planning, detail engineering design, work plan and terms. Based on the data obtained, the total contract value for the apartment building is Rp. 87,328,000,000. wall installation as one of the highest cost contributors. There are two alternative recommendations, namely sandwich panel walls and precast walls. The analysis found that the sandwich panel wall has the most efficient value, namely the total RAB value of 2.5% from the initial plan.

Detail work on formulation development and evaluation of micro sponges gel of clotrimazole for treatment of vaginal fungal infection

Vaginal infection is so widespread that women have to seek medical counseling. In fact, almost 70% of women experience vaginal infections in their life. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is responsible for vaginal infections and Candida albicans is the major agent. Vaginal infections are caused by hormonal changes, negative sexual effects, irrelevant quality of life, high mortality rate, depressive mood and various kind of anxiety.Detail Work on Formulation Development and Evaluation of Micro sponges gel of Clotrimazole for Treatment of Vaginal fungal Infection. The microsponge-based novel delivery system has been developed for vaginal delivery of Clotrimazole. The method adopted was quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion. Formed microsponges were a spherical in shape Different drug–polymer ratio reflected good particle size, drug content and entrapment efficiency. Microsponge-based gel showed in vitro drug release reflected highest regression value for Koshmeyer-Peppas and in vitro antifungal activity of CLZ microsponges gel was higher than the market formulation.Drug, chemical and solvent to be used are listed as Clotrimazole, Eudragit RL-100, Polyvinyl alcohol, Carbopol 934, Sodium Citrate dihydrate, Citric Acid, Dichloromethane, Triethanolamine, Agar 1. Preparation of citrate buffer pH 4.5 solution 2. Preparation of standard curve of citrate buffer pH 4.5 solution: methanol 3. FTIR spectroscopy 4. Selection of method for the preparation of microsponges 5. Quasi emulsion solvent diffusion (two step method) is selected for the preparation of microsponges 6. Selection of amount of drug (clotrimazole): 7. Selection of optimum volume of solvent (dichloromethane): 8. Selection of amount of emulsifier (polyvinyl alcohol): 9. Preparation of microsponges.The f23 formulation, which had a manufacturing yield of 66.58%, an entrapment efficiency of 91.26%, and an actual drug content of 67.28 percent, was determined to be more trustworthy than the other formulations. The CDR was 66.18%, and the Flux value was 76.17(g/cm2/h).With (r2)0.9738 and a n value of 0.3981, Koshmeyer Peppas was judged to be the model that suited the data the best.A measurement of the viscosity revealed non-Newtonian flow. The ZOI, which exceeded the advertised preparation, was discovered to be 2.2 cm.For vaginal delivery of Clotrimazole, a new delivery mechanism based on microsponges has been created. The technique used was solvent diffusion from a quasi-emulsion. Microsponges that had been formed had a spherical shape. Different drug-polymer ratios were indicative of good drug content, entrapment effectiveness, and particle size. Microsponge-based gel demonstrated in vitro drug release that had the greatest regression value for Koshmeyer-Peppas, and CLZ microsponges gel had stronger in vitro antifungal activity than the commercial formulation.

Kathy Stern: Graphic Arts Director for the New England Journal of Medicine

Kathy Stern, the Graphic Arts Director at the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), is familiar with the adage “A picture is worth a thousand words.” Over her 29-year career with the NEJM, Kathy has drawn and overseen countless images telling myriad stories and has thus contributed millions of “words” to the information shared with NEJM readers. Images range from in-house illustrations drawn by medical illustrators, to line art graphs, photographs submitted by physician-authors, still images captured from videos created in-house, interactive online elements, and more. In this interview, Kathy discusses how she started in the production department back in the days of paste-up layout and now oversees a department of more than 20 employees working with state-of-the-art digital tools. Science Editor: How did you get started with your career at the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM)? Kathy Stern: I started out working in a production facility that wasn’t even part of the editorial office. We communicated with a production coordinator in Boston (where the NEJM editorial offices are located) who worked directly with the editors. NEJM was one of several products that the production facility of the Massachusetts Medical Society served, but it was, by far, the biggest product. It was a massive amount of detail work. Everything was done with manual layout with precision cutting knives, acetate, and wax. We would create 14 different proofs that went out to 14 different people. Our main focus was the level of detail; everything had to be exactly right. If […]

NNPipe: a neural network pipeline for automated analysis of morphologically diverse catalyst systems

We describe nNPipe for the automated analysis of morphologically diverse catalyst materials. Automated imaging routines and direct-electron detectors have enabled the collection of large data stacks over a wide range of sample positions at high temporal resolution. Simultaneously, traditional image analysis approaches are slow and hence unsuitable for large data stacks and consequently, researchers have progressively turned towards machine learning and deep learning approaches. Previous studies often detail work on morphologically uniform material systems with clearly discernible features, limited workable image sizes and training data that may be biased due to manual labelling. The nNPipe data-processing method consists of two standalone convolutional neural networks that were exclusively trained on multislice image simulations and enables fast analysis of 2048 × 2048 pixel images. Inference performance compared between idealised and real industrial catalytic samples and insights derived from subsequent data analysis are placed into the context of an automated imaging scenario.

The spontaneous polarization in CdS to enhance the piezo-PEC performance via phase transition stress engineering

The built-in electric field caused by piezoelectric polarization has emerged as one of the most effective strategies for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, but is challenged by low piezoelectric polarization efficiency. Herein, we firstly introduce residual stress into CdS through phase transition stress engineering for improving the spontaneous polarization of CdS with a view to revealing the mechanism of the piezoelectric PEC (piezo-PEC) performance of CdS is advanced by the spontaneous polarization. The spontaneous polarization of CdS caused via phase transition residual stress generated built-in electric field to advance carriers separation. Moreover, the spontaneous polarization of CdS is motived a greater potential under external force than hexagonal wurtzite CdS due to the existence of phase transition residual stress, which effectively improves the piezo-PEC performance of CdS. The photocurrent density of miscibility of cubic sphalerite and hexagonal wurtzite CdS (M−CdS) is 0.61 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs RHE, which is almost 1.79 times of hexagonal wurtzite (H-CdS). In addition, the value of M−CdS photocurrent density is reached 2.12 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs RHE after ultrasound, which is almost 6.2 times of H-CdS. Our detail work proves that this strategy not only stimulates the piezo-PEC performance of CdS, but also can be extended to other hexagonal wurtzite semiconductor phase transition piezoelectric fields.

SEVERE RHEUMATIC MITRAL STENOSIS IN A CASE WITH VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT AND PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS - A RARE ASSOCIATION

The combination of different congenital heart defects like Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) and Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) associated with rheumatic mitral stenosis are rare to find. A 25 years old female was suffering with dyspnoea on exertion of NYHA grade II-III and easy fatigability since about 2 to 3 years which was progressively worsening. Her weight was falling and general condition was deteriorating. 2D Echo showed Severe Mitral stenosis and ventricular septal defect. Hospital based studies have found that co -occurance of at birth heart disease and presence of RHD is a rare phenomenon1, This case highlights the importance of consideration of coexistence of acquired and congenital cardiac malformations in the same patient. So a high index of suspicion is necessary with detail work up and evaluation of all such patients.This can surely prevent further morbidity in these patients.

A Proposed Role for Interactions between Argonautes, miRISC, and RNA Binding Proteins in the Regulation of Local Translation in Neurons and Glia.

The first evidence of local translation in the CNS appeared nearly 40 years ago, when electron microscopic studies showed polyribosomes localized to the base of dendritic spines. Since then, local translation has been established as an important regulatory mechanism for gene expression in polarized or functionally compartmentalized cells. While much attention has been placed on characterizing the local transcriptome and regulatory "grammar" directing mRNA localization in neurons and glia, less is understood about how these cells subsequently de-repress mRNA translation in their peripheral processes to produce a rapid translational response to stimuli. MicroRNA-mediated translation regulation offers a possible solution to this question. Not only do miRNAs provide the specificity needed for targeted gene regulation, but association and dynamic interactions between Argonaute (AGO) with sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins may provide a molecular switch to allow for de-repression of target mRNAs. Here, we review the expression and activity of different AGO proteins in miRNA-induced silencing complexes in neurons and glia and discuss known pathways of miRNA-mediated regulation, including activity-dependent pre-miRNA maturation in dendrites. We further detail work on AGO and RNA-binding protein interactions that allow for the reversal of miRNA-mediated translational silencing, and we propose a model for how intercellular communication may play a role in the regulation of local translation.

Evaluation of natural radionuclides distribution in beach sands of Cox’s bazar sea beach, Bangladesh, using multivariate statistical technique

ABSTRACT The distribution of natural series radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and non-series 40K in the heavy mineral-rich beach sands of highly touristic areas of Cox’s Bazar sea beach has been studied. The study is made to evaluate the gamma radiation exposure to individuals with an aim to establish reference data for the presence of naturally occurring radionuclides. The present study reports the probable first attempt of detail and systematic work in the study areas for estimation of activity concentration in the recent beach sand samples. Radiometric analysis was performed using gamma ray spectroscopy system based on HPGe detector. The mean activity levels of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in Laboni beach sands were ranged from 255.69±64.57, 336.83±93.96 and 1785.91±89.60 Bq kg-1, respectively. While in Kolatoli beach sands, the respective values were 166.42±35.99, 157.35±35.90 and 1894.42±74.07Bq kg-1, respectively. The mean values of 226Ra and 232Th concentrations in the investigated beach sands were estimated to be very much higher than the corresponding world average values and comparable to those found in high background radiation areas in the world. The heavy minerals seem to control the activity concentrations of 226Ra and 232Th in sand samples, showing some variances based on uranium and thorium bearing minerals. Various radiation health hazard indicators were found to be extremely higher when compared to the recommended values. Hence, heavy mineral-rich sands may pose a significant radiological health risk to the people. The descriptive statistics indicating the radionuclides of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K are uniformly and symmetrically distributed in the Cox’s bazar beach sand. Multivariate statistical analysis showing the radioactivity and estimated radiological parameters are strongly positively correlated with 226Ra and 232Th, while weakly correlated with 40K, signifying that radiological risk is mainly associated and controlled by the radioactivity levels of uranium and thorium series radionuclides.

David I. Starling. Reading Ephesians and Colossians: A Literary and Theological Commentary. Reading the New Testament, second series.

David I. Starling. <i>Reading Ephesians and Colossians: A Literary and Theological Commentary</i>. Reading the New Testament, second series.

Validation study on a new semi-empirical method for the prediction of added resistance in waves of arbitrary heading in analyzing ship speed trial results

This paper describes an open and extensive validation study carried out by the Specialist Committee on Ships in Operation at Sea (SOS) of the International Towing Tank Conference (ITTC) on the newly developed SHOPERA-NTUA-NTU-MARIC (SNNM) wave-added resistance prediction method. The SNNM method aims at a simple, fast and transparent determination of the added resistance in regular waves of arbitrary encounter directions, even when the hull geometry is not available. Prior to the validation study, a series of acceptance criteria for the new method were specified by the committee. Contributions of 1,477 added resistance experimental data samples from 8 institutions were collected, analyzed and cross-checked with satisfactory outcome, which finally led to the inclusion of the new method into the ITTC recommended sea trial procedure as an important progress. Some aspects of concerns are discussed in detail and further work in the future is recommended.

PENYUSUNAN PROJECT PLANNING PEMBANGUNAN JALAN TOL BALIKPAPAN – SAMARINDA SEKSI 2.2

Project of The Balikpapan – Samarinda Highway at The 2.2 Section which is carried out by PT. Wijaya Karya (Persero) Tbk. The 9 km long Balikpapan – Samarinda Highway needs an alternative project planning to succeed the project. The purpose of this thesis is (1) determine the implementation strategy, (2) to control the safety and quality, (3) to make the implementation schedule, (4) project implementation cost budget plan. The required data were detail engineering design (DED), work plan and provisions, base unit price Kab. Kutai Kartanegara in 2019. MS. Project 2019 was used for scheduling and MS. Excel 2019 was used for estimating the cost. From the results of project planning obtained: (1) strategy of carrying out earthworks, subgrade, aggregate foundation layers, work floors with division of 3 zones; rigid pavement work: done in sequence from Sta. 38 + 125 until Sta 47 + 125; Pile, Pile Cap and Abutment work: done alternately from Abutment 1 to Abutment 2; Erection Girder Work: Using Crawler Crane; bridge and Parapet floor plates: done simultaneously Abutment 1 and Abutment 2; Asphalt Work: done from bridge 1 to bridge 2. (2) quality plan which is indicated by SOP (standard operating procedure) and material testing plan in the field and HSE Plan by completing the HIRADC list to reduce the potential for work accidents in project implementation (3) on calendar days (4) at Rp. 411.266.751.000,00.

Quantifying the challenge of reaching a 100% renewable energy power system for the United States

Quantifying the challenge of reaching a 100% renewable energy power system for the United States

Artificial Intelligence in Action: Addressing the COVID-19 Pandemic with Natural Language Processing.

The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic has had a significant impact on society, both because of the serious health effects of COVID-19 and because of public health measures implemented to slow its spread. Many of these difficulties are fundamentally information needs; attempts to address these needs have caused an information overload for both researchers and the public. Natural language processing (NLP)-the branch of artificial intelligence that interprets human language-can be applied to address many of the information needs made urgent by the COVID-19 pandemic. This review surveys approximately 150 NLP studies and more than 50 systems and datasets addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. We detail work on four core NLP tasks: information retrieval, named entity recognition, literature-based discovery, and question answering. We also describe work that directly addresses aspects of the pandemic through four additional tasks: topic modeling, sentiment and emotion analysis, caseload forecasting, and misinformation detection. We conclude by discussing observable trends and remaining challenges.

BIM기반 개산견적 시스템을 통한 건축물의 사업성 평가 프로세스 제안

It is necessary to evaluate the business feasibility from the initial design stage of the building. In order to accurately evaluate the feasibility of the project, it is necessary to understand the cost of the project, and construction cost is the largest proportion. To this end, quantity calculation and detail work are in progress at the design stage, and many studies are also being conducted for preliminary estimates. Research on preliminary estimation based on BIM is also continuously increasing. However, studies related to the feasibility of architectural projects are insufficient. This study calculates construction cost through a BIM-based preliminary estimation system, and analyzes IRR and ROI within the system based on the calculated cost. The process developed through this study can be applied to a BIM model with a low level of detail in the initial business stage, and a BIM model with attribute information required by the system can evaluate the business feasibility without additional work. In this paper, the effectiveness of the BIM-based preliminary estimation system was verified by applying an actual BIM model to the process. The system developed in this study is expected to be a method that can be used as a decision support tool in the early stages of a business.

The Promise of a Multi-Disciplinary, Mixed-Methods Approach to Inform Insect Pest Management: Evidence From Wyoming Alfalfa

Pest management strategies involve a complex set of considerations, circumstances, and decision-making. Existing research suggests that farmers are reflexive and reflective in their management choices yet continue to employ curative rather than preventative strategies, and opt for chemical over biological solutions. In this piece, we detail work from a two-year, multidisciplinary, mixed-methods study of insect pest management strategies in alfalfa in Wyoming, integrating data from four focus groups, a statewide survey, and biological sampling of production fields. We outline how these different sources of data together contribute to a more complete understanding of the challenges and strategies employed by farmers, and specifically on biological pest control. We applied this approach across alfalfa hay and seed crop systems. Relatively few farmers acknowledged biological control in focus groups or surveys, yet biological exploration yielded abundant parasitism of common pest alfalfa weevil. On the other hand, parasitism of seed alfalfa pestLyguswas far less common and patchy across fields. It is only in integrating quantitative and qualitative, biological and social data that we are able to generate a more complete portrait of the challenges and opportunities of working with farmers to embrace a preventative paradigm. In doing so, we offer insights on possible barriers to the adoption of preventative insect management strategies and provide a case study of integrating social science and biophysical techniques to better understand opportunities to expand biological pest control in cropping systems.

Internal wall insulation with a new aerogel panel: SLENTITE®for energetic retrofit in historic buildings

We present two recent test case application examples of a new high-performance insulation panel with product name SLENTITE®used as core element of a rendered internal wall insulation system. The first case study refers to the 18th-century building Alte Schäfflerei now the Fraunhofer Centre for Conservation and Energy Performance of Historic Buildings, at the monastery Benediktbeuern, southern Germany, where SLENTITE®was applied in 11/2017. The second test case was installed in 04/2019 in a heritage building situated in the historic center of Luxembourg. In Benediktbeuern, a single layer of insulation material was chosen, in Luxembourg we applied two layers of insulation. In both cases, detail work around the windows was a main task and we gained experience on product processing under real conditions. In terms of indoor room usage, the object in Benediktbeuern is used as exhibition hall with rare traffic and well controlled climate, whereas the object in Luxembourg is used as meeting room without climate control. Measured data of 20 months from the object in Benediktbeuern and first impressions of the performance in Luxembourg are discussed.

Process parameter optimization and characterization studies of dissimilar friction stir welded advancing side AA6082-T6 with retreating side AA2014-T87

This research gives the detail work of process parameters on welding of AA6082–T6 and AA2014–T87 results on the tensile and microstructural characterization. The L9 orthogonal array was employed for evaluating of three process parameters such as rotational speed (A), traverse speed (B), tilt angle (C) on the optimization of strength properties of the weld. The samples were welded using tilt angle (A) as 0°, 1°, and 2°, rotation speed (B) of 800, 1000, 1200 rpm and welding speed (C) of 70, 80, 90 mm/min. The final results were arrived by means of ANOVA of tensile strength and microstructural characterizations were considered. SEM images were also analysed and correlated with the tensile and hardness properties of dissimilar joint of AA6082 and AA2014.

САМОРЕАЛІЗАЦІЙНИЙ МЕХАНІЗМ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ МАЙСТЕРНОСТІ, ЯК ЗАПОРУКА ЕФЕКТИВНОГО ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ТВОРЧОГО РОЗВИТКУ ОСОБИСТОСТІ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ПЕДАГОГА ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ

В статті розкрито вимоги до освіти в умовах формування інформаційної цивілізації та, відповідно, до педагогічної майстерності вчительсько-викладацького складу навчальних закладів всіх рівнів. Акцентується увага на творчо-креативній моделі вчителя нового покоління та системі їх підготовки. Професійно-педагогічна майстерність подається як форма прояву творчо-креативної моделі вчителя нового покоління, а самореалізація педагога – як механізм формування професійно-педагогічної майстерності. Проаналізовано ефективне розвивальне середовище в педагогічних навчальних закладах, пов’язане з застосуванням проблемного викладання матеріалу, із застосуванням інноваційних форм ведення занять, орієнтованих на пошукову та дослідницьку діяльність, розвиток творчого мислення та креативність у вирішенні проблем. Акцентовано увагу на виробленні у студентів вмінь по проведенню нестандартних уроків, чим набувається педагогічна майстерність та гарантується подальша педагогічна самореалізація. Педагогічно-наукова складова самореалізації майбутнього педагога набуває змісту ще й за рахунок педагогічної практики та участі в студентських предметних олімпіадах, написаннях наукових робіт на всеукраїнські та міжнародні конкурси – це закріплює в студентів переконаність у необхідності самореалізаційного заглиблення за рахунок використання в університеті розвивального середовища. Запропоновано механізми змістового наповнення розвивального середовища за рахунок використання інформаційних технологій, набуття навичок комунікаційних, продуктивних, автономіських, психологічних, моральних компетентностей.

Phalloplasty and the tube pedicle: a chronological re-evaluation

The invention of the tubed pedicle allowed the surgical realization of phalloplasty. Most articles on modern phalloplasty refer to Nikolai Bogoraz as being the first surgeon to attempt the procedure. Re-analysis of published material. Analysis suggests that, although Bogoraz may have been the first to describe it, he was almost certainly not the first to perform it, this honor falling to Sir Harold Gillies. It is important to assess in detail work published in both English and non-English language journals. This has become easier and more commonplace with the development of open access through the Internet but remains difficult with historical texts that have not been converted into digital versions.

A CALCULATION OF COST OF QUALITY WITH ACTIVITY BASED COSTING METHOD TO MAINTAIN QUALITY BETWEEN PRODUCTION PROCESSES

ABSTRACT Quality is an image of a company. PT Berkat Manunggal Jaya is a company that its primary activity is to assemble the generator units. This company wants to improve its quality in its production processes. The Initial stage is to determine the amount of quality cost since it hasn’t been measured yet, especially in the production processes. This is because there are several cost categories that are within the company but the company still has not been able to measure them, which include the cost of diesel fuel for repeated inspection and the amount of diesel fuel that was carried when generators are delivered to the customers. The measuring method of this quality cost is using the Cost of Quality (COQ) model which details of the cost categories are based on Activity Based Costing (ABC) method. This method is suitable because it uses direct costs’ account, for instance, the use of materials as well as indirect costs as corporate overhead costs. The detail work instructions for the inspection of the production process between departments are provided based on existing procedures in the company. This is done to reduce the unacceptable product-in-progress when the production process is in operation. After calculating and put in all the activities into the four categories of Cost of Quality, the total Cost of Quality compared with the prices of sold unit from every generator set type are 1.77% for 680 KVA type open, 1.74% for 1300 KVA first type silent, 1.74% for 1300 KVA second type silent, 2.86% for 680 KVA type silent, 1.28% for 1300 KVA first type open, 1.27% for 1300 KVA second type open, 1.13% for 1740 KVA first type open, 1.13% for 1740 KVA second type open. The recommended solution for the reduction of Cost of Quality is to modify the procedure inspection flow in the company to reduce failure cost, especially in the final inspection costs (repeated test load processes).