Deontological Codes Research Articles

Contribuciones de la ética de las profesiones para la renovación de la misión y la espiritualidad de la vida religiosa

The crisis of abuse within the Church has revealed the existence of many deficits, among them are the mismanagement of power generated by the peculiar relations of the ecclesial sphere. In this secenary it is important to rethink more broadly and deeply the ethical demands and priorities in the VC and in its various and evangelizing charisms. In this text, professional ethics is used to present the contributions available in this work. Initially, the general framework is delimited that allows the integration of the religious vocation with the demands of the professions. In a second moment, the functions of the ordained ministry are used as a valid channel of expressions of religious deontology, suggesting some values and principles to be prioritized in this task, which has a valuable instruments the ethical audit and the deontological codes, presented in the third part as complements to spiritulity.

From the Hippocratic Oath to modern deontological codes: continuity or overcoming?

Even if the Hippocratic Oath in its enlightened synthesis encapsulates the essence of the great master's deontological teachings, there is no doubt that a more complete picture of Hippocratic ethics can be gleaned from the contents of the entire Corpus Hippocraticum, and it matters little if the various writings contained therein are not all attributable to him, but are in fact the work of various authors who lived between the 5th and 2nd centuries BC.

Code of Medical Deontology: Challenges and deontological updating

Code of Medical Deontology: Challenges and deontological updating

The new Italian Code of Medical Ethics

The presentation of the new Italian Code of Medical Deontology would require a broad and comparative consideration with the previous text issued by the National Federation of Medical Boards in 1978, to note the points of development in these ten years, in which new problems and new demands have emerged in the world of medical culture and science.

Examining corruption in biblical texts through deontological and virtue ethical codes

Examining corruption in biblical texts through deontological and virtue ethical codes

Concept of Due Care in Medical Law in a Comparative Perspective.

In many European legal systems, the provisions of medical legislative acts impose directly on healthcare professionals an obligation to act with due care. This imperative may be considered a basic principle of practising all medical professions, and even a generally accepted principle of medical law. Due care is the manner of conduct by medical professionals that meets the requirements contained in an objective and external standard of conduct created for each specific obligational relationship. Despite the differences between European legal systems, from a comparative perspective it is possible to notice similar factors taken into account when determining the standards of due care in medicine. This is because the conduct of medical professionals is largely determined by actual state of medical knowledge, medical standards and deontological codes relating to all medical professional activities. The aim of the article is to discuss in detail these issues in comparative perspective.

Ethics in hospitality. To a Deontological Code for sustainable tourism development through governance

Ethics in hospitality. To a Deontological Code for sustainable tourism development through governance

Driving people to the police headquarters in vehicles

This theme proposes the study of police procedures regarding the management of offenders at the local police headquarters, because in a state of law, an efficient administration of the local police duties is impossible without highlighting the most effective and legal forms and methods of management, of ensuring legality in the administration process, protecting the rights and legal interests of citizens. The definition of the notion of police has created and continues to create discussions among specialists in the field. In B. Barbu's conception, the police comes from the Greek word polis which means "of the city". According to Eugen Bianu, it derives from the word "politea" which means "order of the activities in the state". The police, until the Union of Romanian Principalities, realized that public order, the safety of people and public tranquility and the defense of property as being given to troop commanders, who, with this quality, held duties in the field of security, order and public tranquility. Legal doctrine defines police law as the totality of legal norms that regulate the social relations that are created in the process of police activity, of public administration bodies, burdened with attributions of legal intervention in the rights and interests of natural and legal persons. The local police is an important institution in the activity of the local public administration, it has major tasks, but also powers commensurate with the tasks. The factors that generate or require the discretionary application of law are known. The prevention of the abuse of law also depends on the personality, professionalism and integrity of the police officer, on compliance with the Code of Ethics and Deontology, the rules of conduct, morals in society.

Professional ethics in law enforcement agencies

The article explains what the ethics of law enforcement agencies are. Having analyzed the concept of law enforcement ethics, it was determined that it is a type of professional ethics, one of the branches of ethical science, the science of morality.The professional ethics of law enforcement agencies in a broad and narrow sense were considered, and it was determined that the ethics of law enforcement agencies should be understood as a certain system of basic principles for regulating the behavior of law enforcement officers, which is built taking into account the peculiarities of professional activity.A doctrinal interpretation of the “Code of Conduct of Law Enforcement Officials” was carried out. In particular, its moral and ethical content is determined, which consists in the fact that its main purpose is to ensure effective support of ethical norms among law enforcement officials, focus on the priority of universal moral values, etc.It was concluded that the Code of Conduct, as an “authoritative” document generally recognized by the international community, establishes the main deontological standards for ensuring law and order. It was emphasized that when developing standards for ensuring law and order in Ukraine, it is necessary to take into account the traditions that have developed historically, the peculiarities of the economic and social situation of our country, as well as the standards should be created so that they correspond to the standards of a democratic state, the norms of ensuring law and order in a democratic society, etc.It is emphasized that moral requirements for law enforcement professions can also be enshrined in regulatory and legal acts as mandatory. It is noted that deontological codes or rules of ethical behavior cannot cancel or replace the provisions of the current legislation on law enforcement activities, but supplement and specify them.Er werd vastgesteld dat het behoren van een persoon tot een specifieke beroepsgroep veronderstelt dat zijn gedrag en alle professionele activiteiten in overeenstemming zijn met bepaalde normen - regels en normen, morele en ethische vereisten van de samenleving. Het niveau van professionaliteit in dergelijke professionele teams wordt niet alleen gemeten aan de hand van kennis, vaardigheden en capaciteiten, maar ook aan de naleving van bepaalde vaste normen van professioneel gedrag tijdens het proces van professionele activiteit.It was emphasized that the formation of the appropriate level of ethical competence will allow the employee of the law enforcement agency to more effectively perform his professional duty and will contribute to increasing his authority among colleagues and the population.

Process of elaboration and new issues of the Spanish code of medical deontology 2022

This article describes the elaboration process of the new Spanish Code of Medical Deontology ap- proved by the General Assembly of the General Council of Medical Colleges of Spain in December 2022. The reasons for updating the deontological rules, the works carried out, the principles followed in the development of the Code and the most relevant new rules are described.

Quality in medicine as a deontological requirement

Medical practice has two main dimensions, one scientific and the other human, and in both, the commitment of the doctor is essential. Medical deontology, as a branch of ethics that deals with the duties and obligations of doctors, embodies in the codes of deontology the ethical principles and standards of mandatory compliance. From this point, medical practice should guarantee that patients receive an quality medical care, and to be treated with dignity and respect. In December 2022, the General Council of Official Medical Associations of Spain published a new version of the Spanish Code of Medical Ethics that aims, among other purposes, to standardize medical care of scientific and human quality. Medical practice supported by scientifically-based medicine, lex artis medica, patient safety, professional responsibility, honesty and integrity are some of the aspects that in this updated document of medical ethics frame and define the work of the doctor for a performance of medicine with quality.

Evolution of Spanish Deontology (1978-2022). What has changed in the last 40 years?

The article reviews the evolution of the deontology of the Spanish Medical Organization through how it has been reflected in the diverse codes of deontology approved by this institution. After an approximation to the spirit and contents of the first Code of ethics approved in 1978, born after the Spanish Constitution, passed that same year, which established the recognition and the need to regulate professional associations and the exercise of qualified professionals. The 1978 Code is compared with the one recently approved in December 2022, using the second 1990 Code as a bridge. In the comparison we find many bioethical issues on which, through the last decades, reflections have been made and answers have been introduced that respond to the many social and technological changes that have occurred. Special reference is made to the concept of respect, embodied in the relationship between the doctor and the patient. It is a relationship that is often not symmetrical because the sufferer may feel or endure extreme vulnerability. The article also reflects on the evolution of relevant issues or those that may raise more controversies, such as respect for initial and final life. The synthesis of the current 2022 Code of Medical Ethics can be done in three words: Respect and Human Rights.

Organizational actions to tackle distrust: Building Trust Italy.

According to the italian Code of Medical Deontology, mutual trust and mutual respect for values and rights are the care relationship foundation. To establish reciprocal trust and respect, the communication between care providers and patients must be skilled and appropriate, and the time devoted to communication must be considered time of care. But in Italy, in the last decades costs containment policy in the organizations of the National Health Service critically shortened the time available for care. Today, doctors and other healthcare professionals literally do not have the time to establish appropriate care relationships, and this causes a widespread and increasing distrust of patients and their families in the care system. During Covid-19 pandemic also vaccine hesitancy, defined by experts as a delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite availability of vaccination services, was mainly due to a lack of confidence in care system and in scientific research. Slow Medicine ETS, an italian proactive movement of healthcare professional and citizen, following the example of the initiative “Building Trust” recently activated by the ABIM Foundation in the USA, launched a national initiative aimed to promote and plan concrete actions to restore and consolidate people’s trust in health professionals and organizations, in researchers, in scientific and rational approach to knowledge and in its use for the improvement of health and quality of life. Slow Medicine ETS, still successfully leading and supporting the “Choosing Wisely Italy” project, will be engaged in assembling the national network of the new project “Building Trust Italy”.

Protection of human rights and freedoms by the police

The police is the first line of defense of human rights and the policemen are the guardians of the law, including human rights regulations. Everyone wants a well-trained, responsible, transparent and professional police force, but this can be achieved primarily through those transformations and investments in organizational and functional capacities and capabilities related to respect for and protection of human rights. Having an efficient and professional system of activity where the protection of human rights is the basic principle, together with those institutional reforms that take place within the police, it can contribute to its transformation into a modern institution with professional employees. Today the police such as establish several mechanisms regarding the respect and protection of human rights: implementation of international provisions and standards, elaboration and application of codes of ethics and deontology, determination of responsibilities, development of a police culture relevant to existing social realities, professional training and implementation of standard operating procedures.

Tajemnica zawodowa radcy prawnego (i adwokata) a wykorzystywanie w pracy profesjonalnego pełnomocnika komunikatorów internetowych

Professional secrecy of an attorney-at-law (and an attorney) and the use of instant messaging applications in the work of a professional lawyer Practicing as an attorney-at-law (or an attorney) as a profession of public trust is associated with higher standards regarding professional deontological codes. The ratio legis of such a regulation is related to the fact of providing services of the highest possible quality and fulfilling the constitutional role related to the legal protection of citizens. In order to ensure the possibility of effective practice of the profession, the legislator provided for the institution of professional secrecy. It obliges not only state authorities not to interfere with the knowledge made available by individuals to their lawyers but also obliges attorneys-at-law (and attorneys) themselves to take all measures to protect this secrecy. Instant messaging is one of the most convenient forms of communication between a lawyer and a client. However, there are doubts about the confidentiality of the messages (and other data) sent. This article answers the question regarding the disciplinary liability of a professional attorney for the use of instant messaging to transmit information covered by professional secrecy. The author analyzed data transfer security on the basis of the two most popular messengers in Poland: Messenger and WhatsApp.

Źródła norm etycznych dotyczących nauczycieli akademickich

The main theme of the article is the sources of ethical norms relating to the profession of academic teaching. The first part of the article characterizes the concept of ethics and professional ethics. Then the problem of codification of ethical norms was addressed, presenting the arguments of both opponents and supporters of their formalization. In the last part, the sources of ethical norms for academic teachers are presented and analyzed, and the values and ethical principles contained in them are described. The momentous role of the academic teaching profession, the essence of which is not only the transmission of knowledge, but also the conduct of scientific research, was pointed out. The conclusion was drawn that an academic teacher, being a profession of public trust, should be guided by ethical values, which were indicated in many sources, both legal and non-legal. In addition, with regard to the Code of Ethics for Research Workers and codes of ethics for academic teachers, created by particular universities, a position was taken on the problem of creating deontological codes.

The ethical and deontological values of the lawyer profession

n a modern society, characterized by technological, informational, social and cultural changes, a society often plagued by major ethical and moral challenges, it is essential that the pursuit of any profession, and even more so of a legal profession, be grounded. on the observance of ethical and deontological values.Lawyers are considered to be role models in society since ancient times. Consequently, maintaining and increasing the prestige of the profession cannot be achieved without respecting the rules of professional ethics and without there being a permanent concern of the members of this profession to achieve the highest professional and deontological standards.The role of the lawyer is not limited to representing his client, but he acts in the interests of justice and the rule of law, and values such as humanism, professionalism, integrity, dignity, good faith, empathic obedience and mutual respect must govern his work.Based on these considerations, this article aims to reaffirm the importance of respecting the rules of ethics and deontology in the exercise of the legal profession and to analyze the key principles that apply to the profession, as outlined in domestic law by Law no. 51/1995 for the organization and exercise of the legal profession, the Statute of the legal profession and the Deontological Code of the Romanian lawyer.

The role of the teacher in solving the tasks of physical education and sports of modern students in Romania

The role of the teacher in solving the tasks of physical education is considered, and the analysis of the main factors influencing the qualified performance of the physical education teacher's functions, etc., is singled out. Thus, it has been proven that the teaching of physical education and sports in educational institutions is provided in Romania only by certified persons in this field who have relevant diplomas or certificates recognized by the "Law on Physical Education and Sports". It is recognized that the system of licensing specialists (confirmation by graduates of their professional qualifications by obtaining a "starting" third degree no later than two years after graduation) is effective and efficient, and such an idea should be creatively used in Ukrainian realities. Personal, socio-educational and psycho-social competences are included in the factors that contribute to the formation and development of a teacher of physical education and sports. Separated components of the deontological code of the physical education teacher, which are identified with the traditions of the Romanian school: motivation for productive activity; modern conditions of education and upbringing; general principles of pedagogical activity; duties, norms and restrictions regarding professional activity.

The librarian's code of ethics and deontology

Introdução: Neste trabalho, de caráter ensaístico, discute-se alguns aspectos da ética do bibliotecário a partir do pensamento de Paulo Freire. Objetivo: Identificar possíveis especificidades e mesmo orientações conceituais dos diversos fenômenos e pontos relevantes da ética universal do ser humano, situa-se a importância com um código sobre a atuação profissional e práticas bibliotecárias. Método: O viés metodológico resgata textos clássicos, de Freire, intitulado ‘O compromisso do profissional com a sociedade’ e a obra ‘Educação como prática da liberdade’ para construir reflexões acerca da atuação profissional. Com a pesquisa bibliográfica, aborda-se itens do Código de Ética e Deontologia do Bibliotecário brasileiro, destacando subsídios que ampliem a proposta dialética e dialógica no contexto socio-histórico, cultural e político da mediação informacional. Resultados: O diagnóstico recupera itens indexados em plataformas e repositórios digitais como: Brazilian Open Access Publications and Scientific Data Portal - Oasisbr; o SciVerse Scopus - Elsevier; a SPELL - Scientific Periodicals Electronic Library e a Brapci de Artigos de Periódicos em Ciência da Informação. As bases de dados e as seleções das publicações situam abordagens Imprescindíveis ao ensino contextualizado da ética e cidadania - construindo valores na escola e na universidade e na sociedade. Conclusão: Os resultados mostram que a ética e o compromisso são preceitos essenciais para alta performance profissional e institucional. Conclui-se que os itens documentais selecionados são significativos para o estudo de revisão literária da ética e do comprometimento do bibliotecário perante a sociedade.

TYPES DE RÉMUNÉRATION DU TRAVAIL INDÉPENDANT (ÉTUDE COMPARATIVE FRANÇAIS-ROUMAIN) / TYPES OF COMPENSATION OF INDEPENDENT WORK (FRENCH-ROMANIAN COMPARATIVE STUDY)

The article offers a contrastive analysis of the terms referring to the compensation for work performed by people who obtain income from the liberal professions, highlighting the complexity and diversity of these terms in French, a consequence of a legal system with a long tradition. The affinities related to the common origin of the two languages (French and Romanian), the legal systems based on Roman law, the cultural influence that France has always exercised, the fact that Romania adopted the French Civil Code in the 19th century are just as many reasons why there is an important number of equivalent terms in Romanian language. Based on a corpus of examples extracted from the civil code, the labor code, the commercial code and the deontological codes of the different categories of freelancers (lawyers, notaries, accountants, doctors, architects) and their translation into Romanian we will indicate possible equivalences and show that the selection of the appropriate term is made according to several factors, such as the level of language (legal / common) or the professional categories involved.