Demographic Development Research Articles

Project methods for improving the main parameters of the implementation of projects and programs of socio-demographic development in the regions of the Central Chernozem Economic Region

The article examines the conditions and specifics of the implementation of projects and programs of demographic development in modern conditions. It is noted that Russia is currently facing demographic risks unprecedented in the history of the state, the main of which are the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as a special military operation in its economic and political terms. Today, there is an objective need to revise the existing strategic directions, as well as tools for implementing demographic policy. The main parameters of the implementation of projects and programs of socio-demographic development need to be adjusted, including taking into account regional specifics. This is especially true of the border regions, such as the Belgorod, Kursk and Bryansk regions, which, during a special military operation in Ukraine, faced very serious challenges and threats that had a significant impact on the socio-economic, demographic and socio-cultural living conditions of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The article formulates a number of practical recommendations addressed to authorities of various levels, the business community and public structures, etc., focused on the application of the project approach and aimed at improving the main parameters of the implementation of projects and programs of socio-demographic development in the regions of the Central Chernozem Economic Region.

Slowing Workforce Growth: Predicting Labour Trends and Investigating Perspectives of Mature Workers and Women With Caregiving Responsibilities

The labour force is experiencing an increased proportion of mature workers, alongside a slowdown in the number of young entrants joining the workforce. Many organisations will need to adapt their workforce management strategies to cushion the reduced labour supply in the workforce. This paper explores the implication of this demographic development by utilising a multimethod approach to examine current and future trends in the labour market as well as the key factors that can influence the decisions to remain in the labour market for mature workers and women with caregiving responsibilities. Forecasting methods were applied to explore how various demographic scenarios could impact specific industries. We found that the labour market is generally expected to recover based on the forecasted increase in the job vacancy-to-unemployment ratio and fall in the unemployment rate. At the industry level, however, the manufacturing industry is expected to experience some headwinds in employment growth, which is expected to be weak, while the construction industry is expected to see a decline in employment growth. Finally, job vacancies across all industries are expected to decline over time. From the qualitative study, we found mature workers and women with caregiving responsibilities face challenges such as having limited and unequal access to employment, facing skills gap barriers, and struggling to balance between their personal commitment and professional demands. By addressing the unique needs of mature workers and women with caregiving responsibilities, organisations can adopt successful workforce management strategies to cultivate a diverse and inclusive workplace.

Взаимосвязь воспроизводства населения с репродуктивным здоровьем женщин фертильного возраста в Красноярском крае.

Relevance. Problems of population reproduction and reproductive health of women of fertile age [1] attract much attention from both domestic and foreign researchers. Important demographic indicators that characterize population reproduction are fertility and mortality, the level of which significantly affects the population size, natural growth and determines the demographic situation not only of the territories, but also of the country as a whole [2]. Purpose of the study: to analyze literary sources and compare with official statistical data of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, both for the region with low population density, and separately for the western medical district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, fertility rates, women’s reproductive health, the frequency of abortions and the number of births. Material and methods. For an objective assessment, information was taken from Rosstat for the Krasnoyarsk Territory and data from dashboards of the situation center of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, data from the state report on the state of public health and health care activities in the Krasnoyarsk Territory in 2022, a retrospective analysis of medical documentation and state statistics materials was carried out with copying data. Results of the study. Over the past three years, negative changes have emerged in the demographic development of the Russian Federation, expressed in a decrease in the number of births and an increase in the number of deaths. Total fertility rate in Russia in 2020. amounted to – 9.8‰, in 2021. – 9.6‰, in 2022 – 8.9‰. In the Krasnoyarsk Territory in 2020. – 10.1‰, 2021 – 10.0‰, 2022 – 9.9‰ [3]. The indicator both for the country as a whole and for the Krasnoyarsk Territory did not reach the following values: 1980. – 15.9‰ and 1990 – 13.4‰. In the western medical district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the birth rate in 2020–12.4‰, in 2021–12.2‰ and in 2022 amounted to 12.0‰. The average age of women giving birth in Russia is 26 years in 2022, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory in 2022 it was 29.2 years and in the western medical district of the region – 29.5 years. The share of premature births among women who completed pregnancy increased over 5 years by 11.2% and in 2022 amounted to 5.8% in the Krasnoyarsk Territory as a whole, and in the western medical district of the region 5.4%. Population reproduction is largely related to women’s reproductive health. Conclusions. The relationship between population reproduction and the reproductive health of women of fertile age in the Krasnoyarsk Territory has been established, based on a study of literature data and statistical data for a region with low population density.

PROVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES TO THE POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF AZERBAIJAN

The purpose of the research – the study aims to evaluate the progress made in Azerbaijan's healthcare system, considering recent developments. This includes assessing their impact on life expectancy at birth, a crucial indicator of population reproduction. Additionally, the research seeks to identify potential avenues for future development in light of existing challenges. The methodology of the research – descriptive analysis and comparative analysis methods were used in the research. The practical importance of the research - deeply understanding the current state of the healthcare sector is crucial for successfully implementing the activities outlined in the demographic development concept, which aims to improve the population's quality of life. This research lays the groundwork for future analyses that will utilize econometric models to explore the intricate relationship between health and demographic indicators. The results of the research - recent reforms in Azerbaijan's healthcare system have broadened access to medical services for the population, leading to a notable increase in life expectancy. Notably, the establishment of the Institute of Family Physicians and the enhanced collaboration between public and private medical institutions have played a crucial role in tackling key challenges. These include addressing regional disparities in healthcare deve­lopment indicators and increasing the share of healthcare expenditures within the national GDP. The originality and scientific novelty of the research - the processes in the healthcare system were analyzed comprehensively, linking them to demographic indicators. This descriptive analysis revealed positive trends in the field of medicine, accompanied by an increase in life expectancy.

Fertility of the Serbian population in the 21st century

Total fertility rate below replacement level is one of the main characteristics of the contemporary demographic development of the population in Serbia. The results of the Census conducted in 2022 further intensified the already raised issue of low reproductive rate and the total fertility rate in Serbia today counts 1.63, which is the highest value recorded in the 21st century. The decline in the fertility rate began in the 20th century. The main drivers of this decrease are demographic and economic factors and the ones that impact the formation of the society in which individuals and couples tend to experience parenthood. The main aim of this paper is to give trends and changes of fertility in Serbia during the 21th century, using Census data from 2002, 2011 and 2022, as well as vital statistics. According to the 2022 census, there were 6,647,003 inhabitants in Serbia, and out of that number, 51.4% were women, i.e. 44.4% were women aged 15 and over and 21.1% were women of the age 15-49. Analysis of data for three censuses conducted in the 21st century demonstrates that the number of women who have not given birth is decreasing, which is a consequence of the decline in the overall population. When it comes to the order of birth of a child, the majority are women who gave birth to two children, then one child, then women who gave birth to three children, four and five and more. The number of women aged 15 and over according to the order of birth of the child has decreased both in relation to one child and according to the higher order of birth. Nevertheless, the share of women aged 15 and over who gave birth to two in relation to the total number of women of that age increased slightly. One of the important characteristics of the fertility in Serbia is the increase in the average age of the mother at birth. The change in the age model of birth has impact on average number of children per women, which is also shown by the adjusted total fertility rate.

Внутрирегиональная и межрегиональная миграция населения Сибири: сравнительный анализ Иркутской, Томской областей и Красноярского края

The article focuses on the analysis of intraregional migration processes in Tomsk and Irkutsk Oblasts and Krasnoyarsk Krai. The aim of the article is the observation of trends and consequences of the interregional and intraregional migration processes in three Siberian territories. The basis of this study is the migration statistic data in Irkutsk and Tomsk Oblasts and Krasnoyarsk Krai. The authors use data that were both published in open access and obtained on individual request from the Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). Migration statistics was analyzed by means of authors’ statistic calculations and visualization of these data by mapping the information. The migration situation in the Siberian regions is analyzed in the following steps: comparison of indicators and coefficients of migration growth/loss of interregional movements to identify the most and least intensive and productive migration connections of the regions; comparison of the coefficients of migration growth/loss of intraregional migrations to identify the main migration trends – donor-territories and recipient-territories within the regions; comparison of indicators and coefficients of migration intensity to identify the territories of the region with the most and least movable population. The data of intraregional migrations are the basis for the mapping of these processes. The comparison of data on interregional and intraregional migration in relation to the identification of centers of attraction and migration donors on a regional scale allowed identifying common patterns and regional specifics of these processes, as well as key migration trends and territories that are most actively involved in migration exchange. These approaches ensured the comparison of migration situation in three regions. The authors ascertain trends of sustainable population outflow from rural areas to large cities and concentration of intraregional migrants in cities of regional or district administration. Taking into account the movement of people to the central and southern regions of the country, described through the western shift concept, presumably, the intraregional migration trends that repeat directions of interregional migration flows can create extra conditions for negative migration processes in these regions. The results of the study allowed formulating a hypothesis about the correlation of the role of interregional and intraregional migration for the social and demographic development of Tomsk and Irkutsk Oblasts and Krasnoyarsk Krai.

Main trends and current problems of demographic development of Moscow

The demographic indicators of the city of Moscow are analyzed and key trends are identified. It is shown that Moscow, being one of the largest cities in the world, is constantly developing, and data on demographic changes that are in continuous dynamics are presented. The city has a long history of population growth, which has been fueled by various factors: the influx of population from former Soviet republics and regions, birth and death rates, the standard of living and the financial situation of city residents. Moscow has always been an attractive place for migrants, both from Russia and other countries. Every year many natives of other regions come here to study and work. All this is expressed in the demographic indicators of Moscow, the dynamics of which are determined by political, economic, and socio-cultural factors. The materials of the article can be used as part of training in areas related to economics and statistics.

Современный опыт реализации региональной демографической политики в китайской провинции Ляонин

One of the current vectors of China’s regional policy, implemented in the northeastern province of Liaoning, is the demographic vector. The purpose of the article is to consider the modern experience of implementing regional demographic policy in the context of a comprehensive socio-economic revival of the province, as well as a reduction in the size and aging of the population of the North-East of China. The quantitative characteristics of the demographic development of Liaoning Province for 2020–2023 are characterized, the features of the formation and implementation of regional demographic policy, including at the municipal level, are determined, using the example of the city of Shenyang

Эколого-экономическое регулирование хозяйственной деятельности на Байкальской природной территории

The article considers the ecological and economic aspects of the legal regulation of economic activity in territories with a special regime of nature management on the example of the Baikal natural territory. A retrospective analysis of the legal regulation of economic activity in such an area has been carried out. The authors give an assessment and a critical vision of topical issues of regulation of economic activity, use and protection of natural resources during the planned economy, post-perestroika and the present time. It is emphasized that without proper scientific justification, laws can lead to irreversible changes in the environment and economy. The emerging legal conflicts are considered on the basis of specific examples of modern practice. The authors draw attention to the fact that significant restrictions and the framework for the development of economic activity, determined by the special regime of nature management in the Baikal natural territory, generally hinder the socio-ecological, economic, and demographic development of the region. Conclusions are drawn that the regulatory framework for regulating economic activity in territories with a special regime of nature management in the region under consideration, as well as environmental documents, are insufficiently relevant, need clarifications and additions, primarily in matters of regulating the level of Lake Baikal and bringing it closer to its natural state. The relationship between nature and society is proposed to be optimally regulated by nature-like technologies that are maximally integrated into ecological systems. Value orientations and goals for the preservation and development of a unique natural environment should be accompanied by the creation of conditions for improving the quality of life of the population.

ДИНАМИКА ЧИСЛЕННОСТИ И ТЕНДЕНЦИИ МИГРАЦИИ МОЛОДЕЖИ НОВГОРОДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ: ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ЗА ПОСЛЕДНИЕ ГОДЫ

The article, based on demographic statistics, analyzes the dynamics of the number of youths aged 14 to 34 years in the Novgorod region from 2018 to 2023. The topic of demographic reproduction of youth has recently acquired relevance, since during this period there has been a decrease in the number of youths in the region, which tends to increase in the near future. One of the mechanisms for maintaining the number of young people is the migration of high school stu-dents and young professionals to the region as part of interregional and international migration. Therefore, the purpose of the work is to study the demographic development, scale and direction of migration movements of youth groups in the Novgorod region. Youth migration data over the past three years show an increase in the number of young people aged 15-24 arriving in the region. However, the scale of negative migration growth in the age groups of 25-29 years and 30-34 years, recorded in 2022, raises concerns. A comparison of interregional and international youth migration flows makes it possible to rank them, from which it can be seen that the former significantly pre-dominate in the region over the latter. Another of the tasks set in the work is to analyze the dynam-ics of the population group under 14 years of age, since in the near future it will be precisely this that will influence the demographic processes in the youth group as a whole. From a comparative analysis of the children's group, it is clear that within it there are subgroups with differently directed demographic processes - the numerical decline of some and growth of other groups. The data obtained during the study can become the basis for developing models for predicting the process of youth migration in the region, as well as a topic for expert discussion of the complex impact of demographic processes on the education system and labor market in the region. To realize the pos-itive potential of educational and labor migration, the author proposes to concentrate on research activities to analyze groups of youth, the number of which will decline in the coming years.

Home Care Nursing: Factors Related to Burden of Patient Encounters Perceived by Home Care Nurses

Due to demographic changes and structural developments in the healthcare system, an increasing number of patients receive home care nursing in Denmark. Little is known about the complexity of home care. The aim of this paper was to investigate the challenges that home care nurses experience in their clinical practice by studying factors related to home care nurses’ experiences of encounters with patients as burdensome. A population-based survey was undertaken involving all nurses in homecare services in one municipality in Denmark. The participating nurses registered all home care contacts by the patients during the daytime for 1 week. A registration form was used including a series of items designed to identify factors related to the perceived burden of each visit. Statistical frequency analyses were used to examine factors related to the home care nurses’ experiences of encounters with patients as burdensome, and to investigate the challenges that home care nurses meet in their clinical practice. Home care nurses estimated 7.6% of 941 representative homecare visits as burdensome. Assessment of burden was associated with patients being below 60 years of age, time consumption and unexpected problems during the visit, especially of a psychosocial nature. Even though <10% of the encounters were considered burdensome, there is reason to believe that an increase can be expected due to ongoing emphasis on achieving greater efficiency in the healthcare system.

Large Cities and Economic Growth (based on the Georgian example)

The formation of market relations in Georgia and integrating its economy with the world economy have further enhanced the relevance of the solution of the problem of allocating the country's economic space unit and institutional organization. The difficult period of market relations formation is inseparable from the processes of transformation of cities, which is accompanied by the formation of a specific urban environment. The economic, financial and demographic development potential of society is significantly concentrated in cities. After gaining independence, the transition to the market system essentially changed the characteristics of the economic and social situation for both regions and individual territorial units. These changes significantly affected the cities, which faced with many challenges and as a result, a difficult socio-economic situation was formed in these cities. In the paper, we tried to study the role of cities in economic growth and we did this on the example of the self-governing cities of Georgia (Tbilisi, Kutaisi, Batumi, Poti, Rustavi). It turned out that self-governing cities of Georgia play a crucial role in the development of the country and regions. In these cities, the positive and negative sides of the socio-economic reforms implemented in the regions, in general, the main directions of the development of the regions and the country are most acutely manifested. Therefore, the economic development and strategic management of these cities acquire special importance. They generate more than 4/5 of investment and the total added value created in the country, the major share of turnover of the business sector and employment is recorded in this sector.

DISPROPORTIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL REPUBLICS OF RUSSIA IN THE ASSESSMENTS OF RUSSIAN SOCIOLOGISTS: THE ETHNOSOCIAL ASPECT (USING THE EXAMPLE OF ASIAN RUSSIA)

The article is devoted to the problem of disproportion in the regional development of the national republics of Asian Russia: the Republic of Altai, the Republic of Buryatia, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Republic of Tyva, the Republic of Khakassia. The problems of demographic development of regions (decrease in average life expectancy and the share of the population, including Russian, “Western” migration trend), quality of life (decrease in income and employment), development of industry and agriculture are considered. The empirical basis of the study was a comparative analysis of indicators of average life expectancy at birth, average per capita income, employment and unemployment levels based on Rosstat data. The results of research by Russian sociologists studying these regions were used as secondary sources of information. A serious lag in the quality of life of the national regions of the Siberian and Far Eastern districts from the Russian average has been revealed. The conclusion is made about the need to overcome the view of Asian Russia as an exclusively resource storehouse.

«Цифровой двойник» населения Арктики в демографических исследованиях и управлении развитием территорий

The article considers “digital twins” of the population as a tool for socio-demographic research and territorial management. The experience of creating digital twins of the population and interactive web-sites devoted to demographic issues is systematized. A methodology for creating a digital twin of the Arctic population is proposed, based on three methodological principles: consideration of the hierarchy of territories, spatial representation of data, and combining demographic statistics with new digital data sources. The author has developed the Digital twin of the Arctic population — an interactive website (dashboard) containing detailed data on the Arctic population, including municipal and settlement levels. It includes demographic statistics, census results and data from digital platforms. The Digital twin of the Arctic population covers such issues as the size, dynamics and composition of the population, resettlement, natural and migration movement, labor and employment, transport movements, science and education, and the impact of the pandemic on demographic processes. Tools of ranking, multivariate analysis, clustering and forecasting of indicator values are implemented for researchers. From the viewpoint of state and municipal management, the main interest is the demographic profiles of regions and territories, reflecting up-to-date information about the demographic situation. Using the Digital twin of the Arctic population, the author draws conclusions about the spatial patterns of the demographic development of the Russian Arctic.

Rheumatoid interstitial lung disease in Canterbury, Aotearoa New Zealand – A retrospective cohort study

BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD), is an important extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The frequency, risk factors, and prognosis of RA-ILD are incompletely understood. AimsTo determine the prevalence and incidence, clinical characteristics and risk factors for development, and outcomes of persons with RA-ILD in the population of the Canterbury District Health Board (CDHB) catchment area. MethodsIndividuals aged ≥ 18 years with RA, resident in the CDHB catchment area between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2008 (Period One), and 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2013 (Period Two) were identified by medical record review and followed until 30 June 2019. Individuals with RA-ILD as defined by pre-specified criteria were identified. The association between demographic and clinical characteristics and RA-ILD development and mortality was examined using Cox-proportional hazards models. ResultsThe prevalence of RA-ILD per 100,000 was 10.97 (95 % CI 7.53,14.42) for Period One, and 14.74 (95 % CI 10.84,18.63) for Period Two. Among individuals evaluated for risk factors for RA-ILD development, the estimated cumulative incidence of ILD at 10 years was 4.47 % (95 % CI 3.14, 6.14). After adjusting for age, rheumatoid factor positivity (HR 3.73, 95 % CI, 1.32,10.56), extra-articular manifestations other than RA-ILD (HR 4.48, 95 % CI 2.36,8.48), and subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules (HR 4.66, 95 % CI 2.34, 9.26) were associated with increased risk of developing RA-ILD. The standardised mortality ratio for RA-ILD was 3.90 (95 % CI 2.55,5.72) compared to the general population. Extent of ILD on CT chest was associated with mortality (HR for >20% vs. < 20 % 4.47, 95 % CI 1.67,11.96). ConclusionsClinically evident RA-ILD occurred in approximately 5 % of individuals with RA. Mortality was increased almost fourfold compared to the general population. Radiologic extent was the most important prognostic factor.

A Quarter Century of Change in Family and Gender-Role Attitudes in Hungary

Our study examines how attitudes towards family and gender roles have changed since the ultimate collapse of communism in Hungary. With respect to evaluating the effects of the regime change, it is important to note that Hungary is unique in having pre-transition measures on attitudes from the International Social Survey Program. In analyzing the nature of value shifts, an arithmetic method that decomposes the changes into population turnover and individual (period) components is used. According to the results, period effects fluctuated over the quarter of century, while the population turnover effects point continuously and clearly towards liberalization of family and gender-role attitudes. Since the period effects were usually stronger, they shaped the fluctuating nature of overall change. Namely, there is a clear trend towards re-traditionalization immediately following the regime change and liberalization thereafter, although there are also signs of continued support for traditional values. The series of repeated modules of the ISSP allowed us to examine a key premise of the Second Demographic Transition (SDT) theory in the case of Hungary. We concluded that the detected direction of the attitude change does not support the examined premise of the SDT.&#x0D; * This article belongs to a special issue on “Demographic Developments in Eastern and Western Europe Before and After the Transformation of Socialist Countries”.

Fertility and nuptiality changes in Central and Eastern Europe: 1982-1993

Central and east European countries are in the midst of a major demographic change, that for the most part appears to have been brought about by the on-going political, economic and social transformation of these countries. The strength of the change varies considerably across the counties, quite likely as a consequence of the variations in the depth and breadth of the transformation and the attitude of the people towards it. It appears that, at least, a few years will elapse before the demographers studying these countries will be able to draw a relatively comprehensive picture of the demographic developments in these countries since the turn of the 1980s. This paper seeks to contribute to this picture by documenting changes over time in fertility and first marriage in more than half of the transition countries, which appear to have been associated with the transformation under way. The analysis focuses on the time patterns in the levels and timing of overall fertility and first marriage among women during 1982-1993. It does not seek to explain how the various aspects of the transformation might have influenced those patterns; this would require a separate analysis. Having included in the analysis several years prior to the onset of the transformation, we seek to answer the following questions: What were the nature, timing and magnitude of the changes in overall fertility and first marriage, which are respectively measured by the period total fertility rate and the period total first marriage rate? Were the changes in first marriage accompanied by those in non-marital cohabitation? Although interesting in its own right, this question is addressed as a side issue due to data limitations, by looking at the proportions of extramarital births. And lastly, were the shifts in overall fertility and first marriage accompanied by those in their timing, as measured by the mean age of childbearing and the mean age at entry into first marriage, respectively? The analysis is cast within a broader European context by making comparisons between the countries with economies in transition and selected European countries with market economies.

The Institute of Multi-Generational Family as a Reserve of Demographic Development in Russia

Negative demographic trends have actualized the search for Russia's demographic development reserves. The article defines the concept of “demographic development reserve” and highlights the authors' approach to studying multigenerational households as an institution providing potential reserves for marriage and family relations reinforcement. The purpose of the study is to identify the prevalence of multigenerational households in Russia, the nature of interaction between generations in families under the conditions of nuclearization and the role of generational solidarity as a demographic development reserve. The authors' conclusions are based on the data of All-Russian population censuses (1989, 2002, 2010 and 2020), as well as the results of author's sample studies (international sociological research “Family and Family Policy: A Generational Perspective”, All-Russian sociological research “Demographic well-being of Russia. National demographic report”, regional sociological research “The life of a multigenerational household in conditions of self-isolation”, All-Russian sociological research “Student family of Russia”). As a result of the structure of households’ analysis based on population census data were identified several trends. Firstly, increasing number of people living alone. Secondly, reduction in number of families consisting of several married couples. Thirdly, reduction in the number of children in the family along with an increase in the proportion of large families, etc. According to authors' sociological research the proportion of those who believe that young families (as well as children over 18 years old) should live separately from their parents is increasing. Most of parents help their children who have already created families and live separately. They help in raising grandchildren, paying for housing, buying things, providing financial assistance, etc. Children growing up and their parents to retiring change the situation. Adult children begin to provide assistance to their elderly parents (care during illness, household help, monetary assistance, etc.). It can be stated that solidarity (a stable relationship and the connection of several generations of a family) is an instrument for supporting the economic and social well–being of Russian families regardless of residence type (separately in one or different localities or jointly).

Adaptation Centers for Migrants in the Context of Russian Migration Policy

Migration has become an integral part of sociocultural and economic dynamics, but the successful adaptation of migrants remains a priority to ensure the stability and development of society. As international migration continues to increase, greater understanding is needed of how migrant adaptation measures affect a country’s demographic indicators and prospects. In this connection, the need to create migration adaptation centers and to identify their role in the demographic development of the state is becoming urgent. This aspect of the study represents scientific novelty and complements knowledge about migration and demographic changes. The purpose of this research is to study the attitude of state and municipal employees to the problems of regulating migration processes and the creation of migration adaptation centers, identifying the main trends that require systemic changes and new approaches to migration. The concept of “demographic integration” is substantiated, reflecting the relationship and influence of successful adaptation of migrants on the demographic development of society, covering such aspects as changes in population structure, fertility, labor force and other demographic parameters that may be directly or indirectly related to the process of adaptation of migrants. Initial data: a pilot sociological study conducted among state and municipal employees who were trained under a professional development program in different regions of Russia. Data collection was carried out using the method of expert survey. The results of the study showed a multidirectional approach of state and municipal employees to key aspects of migration processes. The majority of respondents expressed support for the creation of migration adaptation centers, which indicates the need to provide migrants with knowledge and skills that would contribute to their more successful adaptation to Russian society. This factor emphasizes the importance of carefully developing adaptation educational programs and services of migration centers. Scientific contribution: the concept of “demographic integration” is introduced, in the context of which the role of migration adaptation centers in the demographic development of Russia is assessed and the need to take into account the social and demographic aspects of migration processes is emphasized. Scope of application: the results of the study can be used to develop and improve policies in the field of migration and adaptation of migrants, as well as to study the dynamics of demographic processes in Russia.

Demographic Well-Being of the Ethnonational Regions of the Russian Federation

The article explores the concept of demographic well-being in the context of the study of 27 ethnonational regions of the Russian Federation in the period from 2018 to 2022. The paper proposes a methodology developed by the authors that combines the analysis of qualitative and quantitative indicators with cartographic visualization of intermediate and final results. This approach allows for a comprehensive analysis of demographic processes over a five-year period together with spatial data analytics. As a result, a summary indicator of demographic well-being is presented, which allows us to distinguish demographically prosperous, demographically disadvantaged and demographically intermediate regions. The key trends and features of demographic development in ethnonational regions at the present stage are considered. More than 55 cartographic works have been developed– series of maps for the period under review for 11 demographic indicators. The final typology is visualized on the map of the Russian Federation.