Cultural Development Of Society Research Articles

Development of Mosque Architecture in Islamic Civilization and Its Context in Indonesia

The mosque is a place to worship Allah SWT. Mosques have an important meaning for Muslims because they have a long history and are inseparable from the development of Muslim civilization. As a religious building, the mosque is a representation of the Muslim community that gave birth to and prospered it. Mosques evolve and develop dynamically along with the growth and development of culture in society, presenting two sides of the coin. On the one hand, this dynamic encourages the growth and adaptation of mosques to social and cultural changes. But on the other hand, it presents a problem in understanding the history of the mosque as a whole. The evolution of the mosque also opens up opportunities for deeper exploration of the mosque in order to understand history. By analyzing the development of mosques from various aspects, such as architecture, culture and social roles, we can gain a deeper understanding of the changes and development of mosques in various historical periods in the world and in Indonesia.

Social Capital in the Patron-Client Dimension towards the Sustainability of Seaweed Cultivation Businesses in Rural Areas, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

The system of livelihoods in seaweed cultivation becomes the subject of study because of the factor of production, and the distribution of the output of production requires a strategy of merging between something material and non-material that involves interaction with various actors in society. The social capital awakened by the actors in the seaweed cultivation business through the patron-client dimension is an effort to ensure the sustainability of the business. The study aims to characterize the components of social capital that bind, bridge, and connect in the context of the relationship between actors in seaweed cultivation, including the important role of the combination of these three types of social capital in the sustainability of the seaweed cultivation business. The Research methods use qualitative descriptive approaches. Data is collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed with open, axial, and selective encoding. The results show that actors in seaweed cultivation enterprises combine the social capital components of bonding, bridging, and linking selectively, depending on the interests behind each interaction with different actors. Social bonding capital is owned by seaweed farmers in their interactions to gain access to financial capital (in the form of cash and loans). The patron-client relationship pattern is the most prominent of the reciprocity relationships, where the patron is the provider of corporate capital and the guarantor of subsistence is the cultivator. The social bridging and linking capital is owned in its interaction to gain access to social assistance and political support as well as networking. Mechanisms of sale of seaweed production are dominated by marketing networks using intermediary services (middlemen) through the concept of personalized exchange. In such market trading, the symptoms of “boro” (guarantees) are detected through subscription relationships between sellers and buyers characterized by regular personality contacts and through credit mechanisms known as “take now, pay later”. Therefore, social capital plays an important role in the sustainability of seaweed farming in the countryside. In a situation of economic or environmental change, social capital can help the farmer adapt and survive in his business and household life. We found that social capital plays an important role in the rural habitat system, where access to livelihoods depends on social relationships. Thus, support is needed to strengthen the capacity of social capital in societies because the configuration of the social capital elements can inherit the cognitive social capital, the social structural capital and the social relational capital necessary for the improved social, economic and cultural development of societies.

Los derechos humanos analizados desde lo planteado en el discurso regulativo institucional y la realidad educativa

The exercise, respect and preservation of Human Rights - Human Rights - base the personal, social, emotional, psychological, family and cultural development of society; therefore, it is essential that the regulations or public policies in favor of their execution and defense are carry out in reality, so that they guarantee a dignified life or stability to each citizen. In this sense, the main objective that guided the research was "To assess the relationship that exists between the Institutional Regulatory Discourse - DRIand the preservation, exercise and respect of Human Rights - Human Rights in the Educational Institution - IE". The theoretical references focused on Van Dijik's position on discourse and discourse analysis and the regulations were analyzed within the framework of the prevention, regulation and defense of human rights in schools.The methodology was qualitative based on the ethnographic method that allowed the use of instruments such as documentary review, narratives and opinion agendas, developed with teachers, managers and students of 9, 10 and 11 grade of the IE INEM Julián Motta Salas (Morning Session) and IE El Caguán (Afternoon Session). With the results of the field work, it was concluded that both IE are indeed making progress in creating the conditions to minimize the distance between what is proposed in the DRI and what is actually put into practice. The structuring of an alternative proposal very committed to the preservation, exercise and respect of human rights in IE was proposed.

Картографирование крупных городских агломераций Китайской Народной Республики на основе данных дистанционного зондирования (на примере г. Шэньян)

Urban forms of settlement now have a direct impact on all aspects of the economic, social and cultural development of society. The study of the growth dynamics of cities and megacities using photogrammetry methods, together with the display of the structure and relationships of the studied territories by the methods and techniques of geoinformation cartography, becomes part of the system of scientific study of urbanization processes as a whole. At the same time, both technical algorithms for processing space images and final cartographic models compiled on the base of geographic information systems (GIS), what allow automated methods to track changes in space and time in a particular territory, are studied. This article demonstrates the development of an algorithm for processing remote sensing data (RSD) for creating electronic maps for the territory of the People`s Republic of China

Cultural memory and memory culture

This article discusses the definitions of cultural memory and memory culture, as well as the theoretical aspects of these concepts. The authors attempt to provide their own interpretation of the concept of cultural memory. They also identify the similarities and differences between the two concepts. Cultural memory includes a wide range of elements, such as folk wisdom, myths, legends, folk songs, dances, customs, traditions, art, architecture, and other cultural manifestations. These elements are not only transmitted through generations, but also preserved in special places, such as museums, archives, and libraries. One of the important aspects of cultural memory is the preservation of cultural diversity and languages, as this helps to enrich cultural experience and promote understanding and tolerance between different peoples and cultures. Memory culture is important for the formation of identity and cultural development of society. The authors of the article focus on such aspects of cultural memory and memory culture as: memory politics, transnational memory, cultural heritage, memory and identity, and technologies and memory. The article also analyzes the impact of digital technologies on memory culture. The authors note that digital technologies have both positive and negative consequences for the preservation and transmission of cultural memory. On the one hand, digital technologies allow us to store and transmit information quickly and efficiently, which contributes to the development of science, technology, and culture. On the other hand, digital technologies can lead to distortion and loss of historical sources and cultural heritage. In conclusion, the authors emphasize that cultural memory and memory culture are important phenomena that have a significant impact on the development of society. Both concepts are important for preserving cultural experience and identity. They help people understand their past, shape the future, and define their place in the world.

Labor of Minors in Industrial of Ukrainian Lands (19th – Early 20th Century)

At the present stage, the phrase “labor of minors” sounds alarming and is a sign of the low economic and cultural development of society. For the period of industrialization of the 19th – early 20th century this phenomenon was by no means a rarity, but rather one of the components of economic modernization. The Ukrainian lands were no exception in this regard, child and adolescent labor was used in coal, metallurgical, chemical and other industries.
 This study is based on workers’ memories of their teenage years, memories of mining engineers, factory inspectors, public figures, as well as, albeit very scattered, statistics on the employment of minors in industry in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century. The most significant and, in this regard, reflected in the memoirs of participants in the production process, were such aspects of the work of minors as working conditions, wages, “professions” of minors, their employment statistics, the evolution of labor legislation and numerous violations of approved norms. The complex conclusion is that it took a long mutual development of public opinion, legislation and family foundations to eradicate the work of minors in industry.

Оцінка збитків міських парків у контексті повоєнної відбудови міст України та сталого розвитку

In order to restore the affected cities into a more comfortable habitat, and special attention should be paid to city parks. The reproduction of public spaces allows to ensure the social activity of the locals and the cultural development of society. In order to make the most effective decisions to restore parks, it is urgent to develop methods of evaluation of parks losses as a result of military events. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to analyze the existing methods of evaluation of losses with green planting, and the development and proposal of author's methods of calculations of losses of parks. Using the methods of analysis and synthesis, the assessment of modern regulatory documents for the evaluation of green spaces was carried out, and on the basis of established taxes for green spaces for cities, the formulas for calculations of losses were proposed. Simplified parking rates based on point indicators, which can be used as a simplified version of preventive analysis, is also proposed. The practical importance of the article is to expand the losses of parks that can be used in the evaluation of parks by utility companies of the parking space and park administrations.

DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN RESEARCHERS’ CONTRIBUTION TO CLARIFYING THE PROBLEM OF THE SPIRITUAL AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY IN THE POLICY OF UKRAINIAN GOVERNMENTS 1917-1920

The article deals with an unbiased critical analysis of the contribution made by domestic and foreign researchers in clarifying the problems of the spiritual and cultural development of society in the policy of Ukrainian governments (the Ukrainian Central Council, the Ukrainian State of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi, the Directory of the Ukrainian People's Republic, the West Ukrainian People's Republic) 1917-1920. The author revealed certain aspects of the role and significance of state administration, material and spiritual culture in the formation of the nation state. The analyzed materials of domestic and foreign researchers in clarifying the problems of the spiritual and cultural development of society in the policy of the Ukrainian governments of 1917-1920 provide an opportunity to get acquainted with the peculiarities of the development of Ukrainian public education, to identify the main problems that existed at that time in the field of state education management and cultures A number of issues of humanitarian transformations in the field of education are covered, in particular book publishing, the development of librarianship, as well as separate problems of spiritual and cultural construction during the years of the Ukrainian national revolution, such as the formation and development of the Ukrainian school, printing, fine arts, theater. It is concluded that the diaspora itself became the center for the study of national humanitarian science during the period of liberation struggles, and the works published at that time abroad became a valuable source of studying the history of the spiritual and cultural development of society in the policy of the Ukrainian governments of 1917-1920. The importance of the content goals, tasks, directions, principles and priorities of state social and cultural policy are emphasized, , as well as features of state policy regarding the development of spiritual values, the formation of a single humanitarian space in Ukraine.The main directions and ways of forming and implementing cultural policy are analyzed, attention is focused on the need to creatively use the experience of that time in today's practice.

The main trends of the development of tourism in Ukraine from the earliest times to the end of the 80s of the 20th century

The purpose of the study is to analyze and systematize existing research on the history of tourism and to form one’s own view on the problematic of the issue. This is relevant in connection with the understanding that the development of tourism mirrors the historical, socio-economic and cultural development of society. The methodological basis of the article is the principles of methodological pluralism. A number of scientific methods and approaches have been used to the extent that they are adequate to the tasks of the research. The author uses a system of general philosophical (dialectics, objectivity, historicism), general scientific (method of system analysis, structural-functional, retrospective-comparative), and special (formal, comparative, statistical) research methods. Scientific novelty. The article substantiates theoretical-methodological, methodical approaches and developed practical recommendations for the balanced development of the tourism industry in Ukraine. Based on the study of tourism development trends, a scientific approach to the development of the potential of the tourism industry (based on the results of cognitive modeling) is proposed, which includes structural units of a specialized management center and support for the balanced development of the tourism industry. Conclusions. It is shown that the origin of tourism took place in distant antiquity. The formation of tourism as an independent organized activity occurred in the 1970s, this alternative type of employment was stimulated in order to stop the mass migration of the population from the countryside to the city. It is emphasized that the formation of tourism in different geographical regions has certain features, its development can take place according to the following main models: Anglo-American, Asian, Western European, Eastern European. Attention is focused on the fact that in many countries, the activity of providing tourist services is stimulated by state bodies and is aimed at supporting unpromising areas.

Проблема идентичности в традиционном обществе и обществе модерна

The article discusses the change in views on the problem of identity. The relationship between the technological, social, cultural development of society and the specifics of human identity is indicated and analysed. Identity is a mechanism that helps to adapt to the reality in which a person lives at one time or another. Technological progress and urban life contribute to the formation of new views on the identity of the individual. Modern identity is characterized by a high degree of subjectivity, multiplicity, variability and adaptability, which ensures the survival of the individual in the conditions of the urban information society

ЮРИДИЧНА ОСВІТА ЯК ОБ’ЄКТ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНОПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ

The article examines the issues of administrative and legal regulation of legal education, in particular, its practical aspects. The authors note that quality education is a prerequisite for the implementation of democratic principles of state governance and social, political, economic, spiritual and cultural development of society. The authors emphasise that a special role in ensuring good public administration is played by professionals with legal education. Therefore, from year to year, legal education occupires top positions among university entrants. To study the peculiarities of administrative and legal regulation of legal education, the authors analyse previous scientific research in this area, explanations in the relevant acts regarding the regulation of major legal specialties, and attempts by legislators to regulate the concept of "legal education". It is established that in Ukraine, the Constitution enshrines the right of citizens to receive education, as well as the State's obligations to ensure it, which are primarily realised through lawmaking. In Ukraine, one can obtain a law degree in the following specialities: 081 Law and 293 International Law. The procedure for obtaining a legal degree is regulated by the state, which thus influences the regulation of legal education for students and creates conditions for ensuring quality education in the country. However, the quality of legal education depends not only on public administration institutions, but also on the management of the educational institution. That is why the process of obtaining a quality legal education is a complex phenomenon that requires the contribution of all parties in the system "state - educational institution - person wishing to obtain legal education". Having analysed the existing legal provisions, at this stage of development of our legal system, the authors consider the system of legal acts in the field of education, including legal education, to be satisfactory. However, the authors note that today the administrative and legal regulation of legal education is taking place in extremely difficult conditions of external aggression, martial law, economic and humanitarian crisis caused by Russia's full-scale war against Ukraine.

«БРЕМЯ НЕБЕЛОГО ЧЕЛОВЕКА»: КОЛОНИАЛЬНОЕ ПРОШЛОЕ И ПОИСК НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ В МНОГОПОЛЯРНОМ МИРЕ

The colonial past continues to play a significant role in the national consciousness of Indian politicians as well as leaders of Western countries who seek to maintain the status quo in bilateral relations with India. By critically reflecting on the remnants of the period of colonialism the Indian political elite develops its own sense of national identity rather than fall for the one ‘invented’ by the Europeans. Instead of ‘mimicking’ Western categories of democracy and freedom, the Modi government defends its vision of the spiritual and cultural development of society in the subcontinent based on traditions and values from the pre-colonial past. It is for these reasons that US attempts to return India to its orbit through global “summits of democracies” and calls for joint defense of the ideals of freedom and human rights were unsuccessful, since they are perceived as alien in the subcontinent

Digitizing Local Archives and North Sumatera Culture through Literacy Using the E-Library Website

Digitizing local archives and culture through literacy using an e-library website is a reflection as well as an effort to save phenomenal memories which are unique and hardly repeated. An archive is a crucial component of social life and literacy, and it must be conserved because of its historical significance. Archives need to be preserved because the nation’s cultural treasures due to the fact beyond activities documented via data are legal evidence. Technology and information advancements are one of the options that can be used by the public to store online documentation and archiving. Literature can reflect the historical history of a country and are also a cultural driver in the cultural development of society. The type of research used in this study is library research. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, documentation studies, and interviews at the five research locations, namely the North Sumatra Provincial Library and Archives Service, Tebing Tinggi City Library and Archives Service, Pematangsiantar Library and Archives Service, Regency of Central Tapanuli Library and Archives Service, Sibolga City Library and Archives Service and North Tapanuli Library and Archives Service. The result of this research is that the best library service was shown by the library in Tebing Tinggi, but the Regency of Central Tapanuli Library and Archives Service area has an unprecedented and excellent collection of books and they have got an e-library from Kubuku as a digital library for society.

Higher Education System in the Context of Sustainable Development Goals (on the Example of Georgia)

Aim. The purpose of the article is to study, analyse and present the readiness of Georgia in the modern period to meet international problems – it is the main goal of sustainable development, including higher education. The government of Georgia, since ancient times correctly understood the role of education for future prosperity, currently the government is doing its best to meet the international challenges in the fourth goal of sustainable development - education, including higher education. Methods. The paper is presented based on official documents, scientific research papers, analysis, and the historical-comparative method. Results. The article presents important challenges for the integration of the Georgian state into the European space at the present stage, which is enshrined in the Constitution (Parliament of Georgia, 2018) and several important documents. In this context, promoting access to education is an important international agreement for the country to overcome modern global challenges - one of the most important goals of sustainable development - an important precondition for strengthening the socio-political and cultural development of society. Conclusion. The paper is based on the study/processing of international and local official materials, as well as expert research has the opportunity to assess the readiness of the higher education system to follow the goals of sustainable development. The country’s relevant structures are actively creating all the conditions for the convergence/engagement of the Georgian educational space under modern international standards which has been demonstrated in practice by the capabilities of higher education institutions.

Ten Women Who Changed Science and the World

Ten Women Who Changed Science and the World

Characteristics of the public health system of the Orenburg Region

Human health is a kind of mirror of the socio‑economic and cultural development of society. Health indicators today are sad, with a steady increase in morbidity, especially among the younger generation. The importance of strengthening and maintaining health is so great that this issue has become one of the main state tasks and is reflected in many documents, such as the Priority National Project «Health», the Concept of the Demographic Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, as well as other legislative acts. According to Federal Law No.323 «On the Basics of Protecting the Health of Citizens in the Russian Federation», there are three healthcare systems in Russia: state, municipal and private. On the territory of the Orenburg Region, since January 01, 2013, powers in the field of healthcare are the exclusive competence of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The state authorities of the constituent entity create conditions for the development of all healthcare systems and, together with local governments, officials of organizations, are responsible within their powers for ensuring guarantees in the field of protecting the health of the population of the Orenburg Region, established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. The system of health protection of citizens of the Orenburg Region is predominantly of state nature. Since January 01, 2013, powers in the field of healthcare are the exclusive competence of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. As a result of the optimization carried out in medical institutions of the Orenburg Region, the number of hospitals decreased by 5.75 %, dispensaries by 8.33 %, and ambulance stations by 2.44 %. At the same time, the number of outpatient clinics increased by 4.09 %. Outpatient organizations have taken on the burden of providing medical care to the population. To improve the health of citizens, increase the life expectancy of the population, reduce the death rate, and increase the birth rate, it is necessary to make managerial decisions at the level of the legislative and executive authorities.

Modern Trends in Mediatisation of Culture in a Digital Society

The establishment of a new dominant technological order is caused by the growth dynamics of the digital media space – an important component of the global media space, the development of which is a natural stage in the era of electronic communications. The media space is a sophisticated self-organising system and is a part, a subsystem of the information and communication universe as a set of all systems, one way or another related to communication processes. The novelty of the study is determined by the postulate that the media space constitutes a component of the global space of social life of people, generates and organises the production and consumption of information in various forms of social communication; this is a special reality. The authors show that its development is facilitated by the growth of the variety of communication technologies that accompanied the historical and cultural development of society. The paper shows that the media space is described by several components that determine social life: the technosphere built on information and communication technology; an infosphere based on information network highways; socio-infosphere, which includes information flows and organised structures that control the processes of their creation and consumption and affect the state of social intelligence. The practical significance of the study is that the media space is not only a retransmitter of information, but also its producer, in connection with which it acts as a complex, global system that contains all socio-cultural components capable of developing information prerequisites and requests and catering to the information needs by all possible communication means.

V. LOBURTS’ PEDAGOGICAL PERSONALITY IN HISTORICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CONTEXT

The phenomenon of pedagogical heritage of an outstanding scientist, teacher and organizer of scientific work Vasily Loburets is discovered in the article. It is proved that his scientific and pedagogical conception is the driving force for retro revival of the progressive achievements of the national higher education and is an important factor in the production of new pedagogical knowledge, creation of innovative educational systems and technologies. V. Loburets is a prominent educator who combining scientific and educational activities for over 50 years (1956–2006), taught historical sciences at V.G. Korolenko Poltava National Pedagogical University. It has been found that the scientist has made the significant didactic and organizational efforts to the establishment of historical education system. V. Loburets is the founder of the national scientific and pedagogical school, the author of the original textbooks, scientific methodological manuals, and a brilliant lecturer. For his meaningful pedagogical activity he was awarded many state awards.It is established that the combination of fundamentality and innovativeness as a characteristic feature is observed in all the components of scientist’s creative work, in particular: development of methodology of scientific and educational knowledge; enrichment the content, methods and forms of teaching historical disciplines; improvement lecturing skills; writing textbooks and manuals for higher schools; establishing the author’s scientific school.The study proved that the idea concerning the defining role of education in socio-economic and cultural development of society had been substantiated by V. Loburets. In the current context of growing crisis phenomena in society – environmental, informational, demographic, national and others – humanity consciously refers to prognostic and anticipatory functions of education. Not by accident the XXI century is proclaimed “the century of education” by UNESCO. Today there is an axiomatic view that without fundamental education it is impossible to realize personality, to build a state. Only the citizens’ level of education determines the place of the state in the global society and the development of civilization. Therefore his idea of about the defining role of education, in particular technical one, in socio-economic and cultural development of society, the necessity of its development for the progress of humanity and state sounds very topically today. The scientist had proved the idea of continuous education, the importance of its content renovation through the integration of scientific knowledge. In this regard, he emphasized systemically important nature of didactic content of the academic disciplines, which had been considered by the scientists as pedagogically developed systems that match students’ capabilities and bring their understanding of the foundations of modern science. The study proved that the creative work of V. Loburets is a set of theoretical ideas, methodological achievements and advanced experience of activity according to the criteria of significance and topicality, thoroughness and perspectivity, intensity and time appropriateness that should consider expediently as a combined phenomenon of fundamentality and innovativeness.

M. McLuhan’s Media Theory and Contemporary Book Science Discourse: Points of Confluence

Intensive transformations taking place in the system of book communications require the updating of scientific approaches and methodological tools used by book researchers. At the same time, the Russian school of book studies faces a number of difficulties. Geographical and disciplinary isolation of research practices that narrows the possibilities of a comprehensive sociohumanitarian analysis of the social phenomena takes the primary place and can be emphasized among them. The need to include and to interpret conceptual medialogical works in the modern book science discourse determines the relevance of this study. The purpose of this article is to articulate the inherent cross-disciplinary nature of book and reading research and its connection with communication science as a metatheory that explains the historical and cultural development of societies. The subject of the analysis is the work of the Canadian scientist H. M. McLuhan. The research has established the essential characteristics of transitional periods in the history of the dominant means of communication: reformation of society members’ perception and the values shared by them, partial deinstitutionalization and adjustment of functions, goals, tasks of previously existing structures of management and control, integration and cumulation of the cultural and resource potential of communication technologies. Concurrently, the inaccuracies of a purely media-deterministic understanding of the M. McLuhan conception and the impossibility of hierarchical classification of modern media theories have been proved. The practical significance of the research lies in the formation of a pedagogical book science strategy focused on the study of «pre-established» reading models in various communication channels, taking into account the varying degree of influence of micro- and macro-environment factors that determine the polyphony of modern media practices, the structure of educational trajectories, as well as their effectiveness.

До питання вивчення іноземних мов у навчальних закладах України ХІХ століття

The article considers the issue of learning foreign languages in the educational institutions of Ukraine in the XIX century. It was established that according to the circulars of the Ministry of Education, there were four types of educational institutions. The main foreign languages studied were ancient (Latin and Greek) and languages (German, French), and the study was based on the principle of formal education, based on the principle of memory training through mathematical sciences and the study of classical languages. It was found that the development of teaching methods of foreign languages consists of four stages, each of which had its characteristics. The article describes the purpose and the objectives of learning foreign languages. The processes of globalization, integration, multicultural transformations of modernity determine the relevance of one of the priority areas of the educational policy of the Ukrainian state – foreign language learning. Given the demands of the time, there is an urgent need to improve the study of foreign languages, update and rethink the purpose of education not only in regards to the requirements of the educational system of Ukraine, but also the recommendations of the Council of Europe on language education, the principles of the Bologna Declaration. Research on the history of the domestic education system in the XIX century was represented by many publications. Some scientific works concern the issue of teaching foreign languages in specific educational institutions of Ukraine. Analysis of the scientific literature proved the need to cover the study of foreign languages in educational institutions of Ukraine in the XIX century. This article covers the study of foreign languages in educational institutions of Ukraine in the XIX century. Foreign languages learning in the educational institutions of Ukraine in the XIX century was regulated by circulars of the Ministry of Education. The growth of interest in foreign languages (classical and new) was determined by the requirements of modern times in general and socio-economic and political realities in particular. The choice of a foreign language depended on cultural and religious policy, and the main place belonged to Latin and Greek. The study of new languages (German, French, and later English) was caused by the practical needs of economic and cultural development of society at that time. The development and formation of methods of learning foreign languages occurred in stages with the change of the educational system and the creation of general approaches to teaching methods.