Crisis Management Theory Research Articles

Reinforcing Business Resilience Through Entrepreneurial Competencies During Pandemic COVID-19: A Case of Indonesian MSMEs

Although research on entrepreneurial competencies has been widely carried out in the last decades, this topic is still preliminary. Indonesian MSMEs have been severely impacted by COVID-19, with losses of up to millions. Entrepreneurial competencies are believed to be the main driver in handling this issue. Underlined by the disaster and crisis management theory, entrepreneurial competencies are expected to give a company both long-term adaptability and innovation abilities that may result in significant improvements in their business as well as the short-term coping capacity to recover from violent shocks. Thus, this study builds a novel conceptual framework that determines the influence of entrepreneurial competencies on business resilience in the Indonesian MSMEs context. Several mediator variables were also included in the conceptual model: dynamic capability and innovation ambidexterity. Through purposive sampling, a sample of 220 Indonesian MSME actors get involved in this study. PLS-SEM procedure through a two-stage approach was used to test the proposed model. The results show that entrepreneurial competencies significantly impact business resilience in Indonesian MSMEs. It was also found that dynamic capabilities and innovation ambidexterity partially mediated those relationships. From these results, this study suggests that business practitioners should become more aware of their competencies to survive in this uncertain world. In addition, the government must re-educate and ensure that all middle and lower entrepreneurs have appropriate competencies to continue to compete. Keywords: Entrepreneurial Competencies; Business Resilience; Dynamic Capability; Innovation Ambidexterity; Indonesian MSMEs

Leading the Board in a Crisis: Strategy and Performance Implications of Board Chair Directive Leadership

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted nearly every boardroom in the world. However, neither the extant leadership literature nor the corporate governance literature offers succinct guidance on what constitutes effective board leadership during such a calamity. To address this theoretical and practical need, we develop a moderated mediation model, in which directive leadership from the board chair promotes competitive simplification at the onset of the crisis, which in turn promotes firm financial performance during the crisis. Using survey responses from 120 directors of U.S. public firms in Spring of 2020, combined with firm-level archival data from multiple sources and time periods, we find support for this mediated relationship—but only if the chair is not CEO. If the chair is CEO, we find no evidence of a positive relationship between directive leadership and either competitive simplification or firm financial performance; rather, we find some evidence of a negative relationship. We explore the implications of these findings for the theory and practice of corporate governance and crisis management.

Transformation priorities in the editorial policy of a Russian scientific journal in the context of international sanctions

The current sanctions introduced against Russian science are imposing serious consequences on interactions between researchers all over the world. In order to analyse approaches to mitigating the resulting negative effects, the author turns to the theories of external shocks and crisis management. Criteria that characterise modern external shocks are distinguished, on which basis transformations in the editorial policy of a Russian journal aimed at minimising the effects of international isolation under the conditions of limited resources are proposed. Priority directions in the editorial policy include shifting the geographical focus of editorial activities, restructuring the editorial portfolio in favour of review articles and special issues, rethinking the role of email marketing strategies and promoting journals through alternative social networking resources. Each transformation direction is discussed in terms of feasible implementation tools. The importance of monitoring emerging types of articles that are promising from the standpoint of increasing the visibility and recognition of a journal (such as those outlining frontier research directions) is emphasized. The author argues that the proposed transformations in the editorial policy of a journal entails no radical changes in the thematic scope or content selection process. Moreover, these measures can be tailored to meet the specific needs of a particular publisher. Directions for future research are outlined.

Employee engagement, ethical leadership and crisis

The Greek economic crisis is part of the ongoing Eurozone crisis and was triggered by the global economic recession in October 2008. The Greek society as a whole is affected. This study examines, through critical literature review, the effect of crisis on a number of important work-related attitudes such as employee engagement, person-organisation fit, affective commitment, psychological climate and ethical leadership. Furthermore, using crisis management (CM) theory, we examine employee engagement and ethical leadership as useful and efficient tools to cope with the crisis. Moreover, this correlation study tests whether the affected from Greek economic crisis person-organisation fit, affective commitment, psychological climate and ethical leadership relate with employee engagement. To the best of the researchers’ knowledge, there is no other research to date which examines the aforementioned relationships during the Greek economic crisis. Based on relevant literature, we predict that employee engagement should have positive relations with person-organisation fit, affective commitment, psychological climate and ethical leadership under an economic crisis. Analysing empirical data from a heterogeneous sample of Greek private sector employees, we found evidence supporting our hypotheses. The paper concludes with a discussion of the findings and implications for further research.

Battling COVID-19: Public Personnel Management, Trust, and Social Resilience During a Global Crisis

We present three studies that examine the relationship between perceptions about public personnel management and social resilience during a crisis among frontline public healthcare servants who battled the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on theories of public personnel management, crisis management, trust, and resilience, we suggest a model and hypotheses that may extend our knowledge about perceived social resilience, both internal (organizational) and external (communal and national). We tested our model with the results of an online survey conducted in early 2021 among 437 healthcare employees from the Ministry of Health ( n1 = 87), hospitals ( n2 = 200), and Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs; n3 = 150) across Israel. The findings generally support direct and indirect relationships between perceptions of good public personnel management, defined as healthcare system resilience, participation in decision-making and information sharing, and group-level organizational citizenship behavior, and perceived national and community resilience, and trust. Implications, extensions, and recommendations for future theoretical and empirical studies are discussed along with practical proposals.

Communicating COVID-19: Analyzing Higher Education Institutional Responses in Canada, China, and the USA.

The study aims to examine how higher education institutions (HEIs) in three countries responded to the challenges of COVID-19 over a six-month period at the outbreak of the global pandemic. Employing document analysis, we examined 732 publicly available communications from 27 HEIs in Canada, China, and the USA. Through theoretical frameworks of crisis management and Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), we explore how HEIs respond to the pandemic and protect campus stakeholders. The study revealed common patterns in communication strategies during different stages of the pandemic that include accepting responsibility, emotional reassurance, and compensating victims. It also revealed key differences across social contexts and environments and distinct leadership styles. Findings offer insight into how HEIs communicated at the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic and inform the application of SCCT and crisis management theory to institutional behavior in the context of prolonged and intersecting disasters.

Resign or carry-on? District and principal leadership as drivers of change in teacher turnover intentions during the COVID-19 crisis: A latent growth model examination.

During the COVID‐19 pandemic, teachers in the United States, an already at‐risk occupation group, experienced new work‐related stressors, safety concerns, and work‐life challenges, magnifying on‐going retention concerns. Integrating the crisis management literature with the unfolding model of turnover, we theorize that leader actions trigger initial employee responses but also set the stage for on‐going crisis response that influence changes in teachers' turnover intentions. We apply latent growth curve modelling to test our hypotheses based on a sample of 617 K‐12 teachers using nine waves of data, including a baseline survey at the start of the 2020–2021 school year and eight follow‐up surveys (2‐week lags) through the Fall 2020 semester. In terms of overall adaptation, teachers on average, experienced an increase in work‐life balance and a decrease in turnover intentions over the course of the semester. Results also suggest that district and school leadership provide unique and complementary resources, but leader behaviours that shape initial crisis responses do not similarly affect employee responses during crisis, contrary to theory. Instead, teachers' adaptive crisis response trajectories were triggered by continued resource provision over the semester; increasing provision of valued resources (i.e., continued refinement of safety practices) and improvements in work‐life balance prevented turnover intentions from spiralling throughout the crisis. Crisis management theory and research should continue to incorporate temporal dynamics and identify factors that contribute to crisis response trajectories, using designs and analyses that allow for examination as crises unfold in real time.

Thinking outside the box, improvisation, and fast learning: Designing policy robustness to deal with what cannot be foreseen

AbstractPolicies are continually subjected to turbulence and crises. Interest in policy robustness as a fundamental way to deal with what cannot be foreseen is increasing. Thus, there is a flourishing stream of literature suggesting that policies need to be designed to be agile and flexible. However, the associated characteristics remain undeveloped. This article fills this gap by drawing on lessons obtained from the unplanned behaviors that were adopted in the management of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Individual and organizational behaviors characterized by outside the box thinking, improvisation, and fast learning yielded solutions to unexpected problems. In this article, some of these emblematic unplanned behaviors are assessed, and the research builds on the literature on policy robustness, crisis management, and organizational theory to identify three enabling conditions to design more robust policies: coordinated autonomy, training for unplanned responses, and political institutional capacity.

SUBSTANTIATION OF THE STRATEGY OF FINANCIAL RECOVERY OF THE AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE

The article examines the theoretical issues of financial recovery of an agricultural enterprise as part of the overall system of crisis management. It is established that the main tool of its implementation is the organizational and economic mechanism (strategy), the development and implementation of which has a positive impact on the economic development of the enterprise through a quality approach to its implementation. production and financial potential. The financial methods and approaches to recovery are considered, the estimation of each of its possible and described its main characteristics is made. The process of developing a business plan as an element of reorganization, which should provide a timely response to changes in the economy, analyze the possibility of deviations from the plan and determine the target settings of the enterprise as a microeconomic system in the economy. Based on the analysis of existing financial approaches to the recovery of agricultural enterprises, it is created that in the theory and practice of crisis management there is a problem in the form of imperfect assessment of the feasibility of financial recovery. There is a need to improve the mechanism of recovery not only in terms of loss of solvency, but also to preserve and improve the potential of the enterprise.

Thinking on Emergency Information Service of Public Library Based on 4R Crisis Management Theory

The outbreak of COVID-19 in January 2020 has brought great disaster to the world. It also brings some thoughts to Librarians: how to play the role of Libraries in emergencies and carry out emergency information service. Based on the stage characteristics of 4R crisis management theory, EIS should collect, sort out, analyze and save valuable information according to the characteristics of different crisis stages, so as to form a long-term service mechanism of EIS

Strategic Crisis Response of Shipping Industry in the Post COVID-19 Era: A Case of the Top 10 Shipping Lines

Shipping has played a pivotal role during the epidemic, ensuring that the global logistics functions without disruption. COVID-19 hit various industries around the world, and shipping was no exception. How the shipping industry responds to the crisis and simultaneously shoulders its respective responsibility in the world’s battling the crisis is thus worth exploring in depth. This study takes the top 10 global container shipping capacity liners, which account for 84.7% of the worldwide capacity, as research objects. A corpus for text analysis was constructed collecting press releases and advisories issued on official websites of these 10 container shipping companies from January 2020 to July 2021. Comparison studies were made horizontally among ten shipping companies and longitudinally for crisis evolution patterns into three sub-corpora of Pre/early-Crisis, Crisis-in-Progression, and Post-COVID-19-Era. Quantitative findings were explored and elaborated further under a comprehensive theoretical framework integrating crisis management and communication, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and maritime management (MM). The extracted positive and negative keywords revealed textual characteristics and emergency response strategies on the part of shipping lines in the Pre/early-Crisis, Crisis-in-Progression, and Post-COVID-19-Era. The inclusion of the themes of pursuing sustainability in the shipping lines’ responses to such worldwide crisis as COVID-19 is out of the common knowledge of crisis management but reveals the commitment and strategies on the part of the industry. The findings provide a reasonably comprehensive picture of the efforts made by large container shipping companies to respond to COVID-19 and the measures taken to soothe stakeholders. This paper extends and relearns crisis management, CSR, and MM theories through integrating the fulfilling of cooperate social responsibilities in maritime management as the cooperate crisis responses, thus proposing the integrity of the three topics. Moreover, management recommendations are provided for shipping company management, IMO, and port authorities.

Canadian banks and their responses to COVID-19 – stakeholder-oriented crisis management

ABSTRACT The financial sector is essential to the stability of markets in times of crisis and during the pandemic, banks are called to contribute to society by easing access to credit or keeping rates low. This article explores Canadian banks’ responses to the pandemic assessing their products, services and stakeholders. Using crisis management and stakeholder theories, 3161 news articles about the five biggest Canadian banks and the pandemic were assessed as a proxy for banks’ responses to the pandemic using sentiment analysis, text mining, and statistical methodologies. Results show that banks were negatively impacted by the pandemic and that their stakeholders were approached differently highlighting the community over clients and employees. This study contributes to the need to adapt crisis management strategies and theories to unexpected crises, as others may come, and it sheds some light on stakeholder management measurement processes, which speak to how effective stakeholder management is.

MANAJEMEN KRISIS PUBLIC RELATIONS PT. HERO SUPERMARKET PADA PENUTUPAN GERAI GIANT INDONESIA

Losses and profits are common things that happen to big companies. But it will be a problem if the company often suffers losses. Losses experienced by the company if not handled properly can affect other aspects. The crisis was due to losses that did not better will make the company have to take certain steps, which ultimately had an impact on the fate of the company. Retail Giant is one of the many retailers that have closed due to company losses. Giant which is a subsidiary of PT Hero Supermarket (HERO Group) decided to close all outlets in July 2021. The issue that emerged was that Giant had done Termination of Employment and closed dozens of outlets in various locations. The purpose of this study was to find out how crisis management was carried out by public relations at PT Hero Supermarket at the closing of the Giant Indonesia outlet. The theory used in this research is the crisis management theory. The method used is a qualitative research method with a descriptive analysis approach and content analysis. The results obtained by researchers in this study are PT Hero Supermarket's public relations divide the crisis into three parts; pre-crisis, crisis phase, and post-crisis. In the pre-crisis phase, the company tries to convince the public that the outstanding issues can still be resolved, in the crisis phase the company takes steps to permanently close the Giant stores, and in the post-crisis stage the company guarantees that employee rights are fulfilled.

Disruptive crisis management: lessons from managing a hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic

PurposeHealthcare organizations worldwide were badly hit by the “surprise” of the pandemic. Hospitals in particular are trying hard to manage problems it caused, searching for solutions to protect the health of citizens and reorienting operations. The implementation of resilience solutions in the coping phase and the ability to react promptly and redefine activities is essential. Integrating crisis management and resiliency literature, this paper discusses how health organizations were able to cope with adversity during the crisis.Design/methodology/approachThe research is conducted through a case study of a large Italian hospital, the Gemelli Polyclinic Foundation, which was one of the leading hospitals in the Italian response to the pandemic.FindingsThe case reports actions taken in order to continue functioning and to maintain core activities despite severe adversity. The overall response of the Gemelli was the result of the three types of response: behavioral (effective leadership), cognitive (rapid resource reallocation) and the contextual reinforcement (multiagency network response). The authors highlight how an integrative framework of crisis management and resiliency could be applied to healthcare organizations in the coping phase of the pandemic. The experience of the Gemelli can thus be useful for other hospitals and organizations facing external crises and for overall improvement of crisis management and resilience. Responding to crisis brings the opportunity to make innovations introduced during emergencies structural, and embed them moving forward.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper focuses only on the coping phase of the response to the pandemic, whereas building long-term resilience requires understanding how organizations accumulate knowledge from crises and adapt to the “new normal.”Originality/valueThe paper responds to the call for empirical studies to advance knowledge of an integrative framework of crisis management and resiliency theories with reference to complex organizations such as healthcare.

Exploring the role of human resource development functions on crisis management: The case of Dubai-UAE during Covid-19 crisis.

Employee welfare represents a critical element of success for companies to remain competitive. Human resources increasingly encompass the management of critical situations that affect the employees' wellbeing. This research analyzes the effect of Human Resource Development (HRD), functions on the effectiveness of crisis management. It is an attempt to include HRD in the theory of Crisis management. Using Structural Equation Models-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) analysis, the study analyzes how training, leadership, organizational strategy, and organizational culture directly positively impact the efficiency of Crisis management (CM) during the Covid-19 crisis in the public entities of Dubai-UAE. In particular, training showed to be the best predictor, followed by the Organizational culture. Organizational structure, Values and uniqueness show no impact on CM within the context of public entities of Dubai-UAE.

Post COVID-19: Health crisis management for the cruise industry

The cruise industry is gravely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic due to rising public health concerns. This study combines and examines health crisis management and marketing theories to address public health concerns and improve the usage of cruise services. Combining social exchange theory, customers' perceived value theory, and trust theory, a theoretical model is proposed. Survey data (n = 376) are then collected through an online survey that is conducted on the Chinese tourism market. The finding shows that quality management, health management, social and communication strategies, and financial strategies contribute to customers' perceived value of cruise service. In addition, perceived value directly and indirectly influences customers' intention to use cruise service through trust in cruise company's pandemic management capability. This study expands the current literature on cruise crisis recovery and provides recommendations for policy and strategy formulation for the cruise industry to cope with the pandemic by focusing on public health concerns and psychology.

Research on the Development Direction and Service Innovation of Foreign-funded Industries in Pudong New Area During COVID-19

In 2020, more than half of the top 100 foreign-invested enterprises in Shanghai came from Pudong. Foreign-invested enterprises have played a supporting role in Shanghai's economic development. The epidemic has a serious impact on foreign-funded enterprises in China, which may lead to the loss of foreign capital. Based on the theory of crisis management and service innovation, this study summarizes the strategic trends of three key industries in Pudong New Area, logistics and transportation, artificial intelligence and semiconductor industries in China, and puts forward the Countermeasures of service innovation based on the service status of Pudong New Area High Tech Park to foreign enterprises.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ МОДЕЛИ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ В ПЕРИОД ГЛОБАЛЬНЫХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЙ

The article discusses the impact of the pandemic on the strategic plans of Russian companies and the analysis of mechanisms for adjusting the company’s strategic plans in a pandemic to ensure their sustainable development. At the stage of a crisis, enterprises and managers can take measures to establish schemes for preventing or containing the consequences of a crisis or disaster (epidemics, terrorist attacks, economic crises). Firms are generally unable to stop a crisis, but can identify a crisis in a timely manner and apply coping strategies to reduce risks. Integration of well-established theories of crisis management provides valuable information and the development of an appropriate conceptual framework that is applied in the management of enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Policy styles and political trust in Europe’s national responses to the COVID-19 crisis

ABSTRACT Why do countries respond differently when they face the same pandemic? In this article, we comparatively investigate the effects of policy styles in shaping responses to the COVID-19 crisis in two European countries: Greece and Sweden. Extending the concept of policy styles to extraordinary policymaking, we argue that political trust and policy styles result in national responses that range from centralization to decentralization. The combination of policy styles and political trust inevitably raises questions about the role of experts in shaping responses to pandemics. We conclude with implications for theories of national policy styles, political trust and crisis management.

Leading through Crises: Healthcare Supply Chain Strategies and Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Challenges.

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted healthcare organizations globally, particularly from a supply chain perspective. Leaders with successful responses have drawn upon their toolkit to anticipate threats, recognize crises, respond decisively, visibly engage in problem solving and facilitate communication. By harnessing these skills, leaders have tackled COVID-19-related challenges, including panic buying, organizational goal misalignment, staff anxiety and criticism. By applying crisis management theory and presenting learnings from interviews with American and Canadian healthcare leaders, we present solutions and lessons learned, including implementing communication methods, building staff resiliency, reducing staff anxiety and leading virtually.