CPM Method Research Articles

ANALYSIS THE CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS OF THE KARAWANG GOVERNMENT OFFICE

The purpose of this thesis is to know volume of work on construction of Karawang Government Office Project, analyze method of implementation of work, to know the cost of implementation on construction of Karawang Government Office Project, and the comparison of time duration between scheduling prediction of owner with scheduling prediction of author. This type of the research is quantitative. That describes the condition of a particular project with existing data related to the construction of local government buildings. That existing data is processed in such a way as to produce the final conclusion. The result of the research is Based on Budget Cost calculations to complete Karawang government office construction until the final stage, more or less costly Rp.41.906.713.365,-. From the calculation of weight of work is estimated completion of Karawang government office construction work takes 75 weeks. With the CPM method can be known critical path occurs in the project are Excavation and Pile Up Work – Pile Foundation Work – River Stone Foundation Work – Reinforced Concrete Work – Wall, Brick, and Plastering Work – Door Frame, Leaf Door, and Window Work - Ceiling Work – Sanitation Set Work - Lighting Installation Work – Lift Work. Keyword : Construction Management, Barchart, S Curve, Critical Path.

OPTIMALISASI WAKTU PEKERJAAN PEMBANGUNAN PERUMAHAN GREEN HILL GRESIK MENGGUNAKAN METODE PERT DAN CPM

This study aims to know the planning to control the project activities during the implementation phase. The success rate or failure of a project leads to less mature planning and less effective controls, resulting in project delays, increased implementation costs and lower quality. To set the time for completion of the project to be more effective and efficient can use PERT and CPM methods so as to reduce the impact of delays and swelling of implementation costs. The PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) method is a method that aims to reduce as much as possible delays, Production, and coordinate various parts of a job thoroughly and accelerate the completion of the project. While the CPM method is a method of planning and control projects that have cost data in the past. Based on the analysis results show the initial duration of the project with duration of 180 days (6 months) with the total cost of Rp. 73.599253,59. As a result of overtime work system, the duration of its activities to be 164 days with project cost of Rp. 55,089,267.07.

Optimalisasi Proses Manufaktur dalam Pembuatan Pipa Union dengan Menggunakan Metode Hungarian dan PERT/CPM

CV. Faresti Prima which is a company engaged in machining, automatic part, dies, and jigs. Union Pipe Unit is part of the research because it has problems in the assignment that is still manual. Data collection is done on unit union pipe with average work per day. The problem is found in the union pipe unit with the manual assignment. Observations made on 4 people for cutting pipes, chamfering, stamping, and packing. Results of observations then performed data processing using Hungarian method, so that the optimum unit is generated per hour as much as 8.125. Furthermore, data processing was performed using PERT method with the result stated that the optimum working order was A-B-C-D-E with total processing time for 5,000 units for 16.5 hours. The last data processing using CPM method can be seen that the acceleration time as much as 8 hours from the initial time is 16.5 hours with the total crash cost of 4,000,000 IDR from the allocated fund of 4,225,000 IDR. From some data processing, it can be seen that there is an optimization in the assignment and network work. Therefore, in accordance with the existing theories and objectives of this research, namely to optimize the existing human resources for the work done equally and minimize the losses due to unemployed use of these methods can be used as a reference in the making of the schedule, so as to facilitate the course of the project to know the delay in every process.

PENGENDALIAN PROYEK SISTEM INFORMASI DENGAN METODE CPM (CRITICAL PATH METHOD)

To control a project we used CPM method which very use full to arrange a planning, scheduling and project control. Project is combined form many activity which link and it must followed by order before the entire work activity can be done successfully. To take on project controlling application is to find a critical dot to scheduling project. An arrow diagram is used to presenting an activity where the point ist to showed an a progress development way in project. The entire arrow diagram is giving a graphic representation aboat the relation between many project activity. In order way, circle diagram is used to presenting an even, where it doesn’t need time. On arrow hilt (where the activity begun) and on the end of arrow (where the activity end). The event first number are smaller than tic number. This CPM method is able to give a clear view about process certain critical line to make certain to a time schedule.   Keyword : slack/float, crash, Jalur Kritis, dummy ,Slope.

Application of Monte Carlo simulation and PERT/CPM techniques in planning of construction projects: A Case study

Construction project scheduling and monitoring is challenging in today's very dynamic business environment. In this study, a project execution tracking system in a medium‒sized construction company was studied. Two different methods were proposed as problem solution for project scheduling and monitoring. Traditional CPM and PERT methods, and Monte Carlo simulation as risk analysis tool were used in this case study. The results show that 186 working days (which is optimistic estimate) is required to finish a luxury villa is determined by CPM method, while Monte Carlo simulation implies that there is 50% of chance that the luxury villa will be done in 205 days, but still there is a risk of 50% that the villa construction may be delayed.

Evaluasi Penjadwalan Proyek Pengembangan Rumah Sakit Mitra Husada Pringsewu

Project is a unique sequence of interrelated activities to achieve particular result and done in particular time period. Due to time and budget limitation, management undertaking of a project needs to be evaluated by using a special method in order to avoid loss and retardation. CPM and S Curve are among evaluation methods. This study was to identify network, critical activities, critical event, critical line and to analyze optimum cost and duration of VVIP Building development project of Mitra Husada Hospital Pringsewu with time acceleration to avoid retardation. Result showed that after S Curve Evaluation done, implementation cost could be reduced 10% lower than realization cost from IDR 12,423,077,000.00 to be IDR 11,293,707,000.00. Mean while, after acceleration by using CPM method, the critical line decreased from three to one line and project duration shortened from 448 days to be 360 days. Evaluation of projects using the S Curve and with the CPM shows a simple way of evaluation and can be done by various actors of construction.

Reviewing Construction Schedule Float Management

As the complexity in construction projects increased, simply managing the obtained float values and critical path(s) by the CPM method usually results in more difficult schedule control and, consequently, in incorrect decision making due to non-realistic float values. This study thoroughly reviewed various float types in the literature and professional project management systems, and discussed five managerial essentials and three proactive strategies on mitigating challenging float-related problems based on the perspective of managing schedules by controlling floats. With some comments and suggestions, the outcomes of this study not only improve the knowledge level on schedule management but also provide a better understanding of float management to improve the quality of schedule management.

Practical Using Of Network Method to Logistics Chain

The article deals with assessing the use of the CPM method (Critical Path Method) to logistics chain of the selected enterprise. The objective is to find the critical path, which is the longest possible path in the project in terms of the time required. The activities on this path are thus called critical, and necessary measures should be taken to avoid delays in these activities, as the delays would have negative impact on the whole project. This method has been developed within the Microsoft Project programme, Microsoft software that is used for creating projects, managing tasks and resources, and tracking the current situation. For the purposes of this article, the MS Project 2016 version was used.

Task criticalness potential: A multiple criteria approach to project management

The paper proposes the method evaluating tasks criticalness potential, which has been analysed by various project management tools. The criticalness potential of tasks, as opposed to a simple differentiation of tasks to critical and non-critical using the CPM method, considers not only time, but also resource, cost and topological aspects of a project schedule. In the paper, the tasks criticalness potential is defined applying task criticalness indicators which are further used as input for three various multiple criteria decision models. These models enable taking into account the principal project success criteria, i. e. time, resources and cost. The tasks criticalness potential cannot be determined using one indicator or one characteristic only. A selected multi-criteria approach based on task criticalness indicators differentiates between tasks more and less threatening to a project. This paper suggests different multiple criteria approaches to the quantification of task criticalness potential, compares them and discusses their advantages and disadvantages.

Personalized third-trimester fetal growth evaluation: comparisons of individualized growth assessment, percentile line and conditional probability methods

Objective: To compare third-trimester size trajectory prediction errors (average transformed percent deviations) for three individualized fetal growth assessment methods.Methods: This study utilized longitudinal measurements of nine directly measured size parameters in 118 fetuses with normal neonatal growth outcomes. Expected value (EV) function coefficients and variance components were obtained using two-level random coefficient modeling. Growth models (IGA) or EV coefficients and variance components (PLM and CPM) were used to calculate predicted values at ∼400 third-trimester time points. Percent deviations (%Dev) calculated at these time points using all three methods were expressed as percentages of IGA MA-specific reference ranges [transformed percent deviations (T%Dev)]. Third-trimester T%Dev values were averaged (aT%Dev) for each parameter. Mean ± standard deviation’s for sets of aT%Dev values derived from each method (IGA, PLM and CPM) were calculated and compared.Results: Mean aT%Dev values for nine parameters were: (i) IGA: −4.3 to 5.2% (9/9 not different from zero); (ii) PLM: −32.7 to 25.6% (4/9 not different from zero) and (iii) CPM: −20.4 to 17.4% (5/9 not different from zero). Seven of nine systematic deviations from zero were statistically significant when IGA values were compared to either PLM or CPM values. Variabilities were smaller for IGA when compared to those for PLM or CPM, with (i) 5/9 being statistically significant (IGA versus PLM), (ii) 2/9 being statistically significant (IGA versus CPM) and (iii) 5/9 being statistically significant (PLM versus CPM).Conclusions: Significant differences in the agreement between predicted third-trimester size parameters and their measured values were found for the three methods tested. With most parameters, IGA gave smaller mean aT%Dev values and smaller variabilities. The CPM method was better than the PLM approach for most but not all parameters. These results suggest that third-trimester size trajectories are best characterized by IGA in fetuses with normal growth outcomes.

Analysis of Normal Combustion Waves in CH4-Air System

In this study one analyses the detonation and deflagration waves starting with Euler one-dimensional conservative equations. We present two methods of computing the normal combustion waves and normal shock waves parameters. The second one, called Cpm method, uses the one dimensional conservation equations system of mass, impulse and energy reduced to an quadratic algebraic equation. Combustion wave ,in CH4-air system is presented as an application.

The Randomness of the Critical Chain Technology

Randomness is an accidental, an event with a probability demonstrated uncertainty. We know CPM method does not consider the resource constraints. This deficiency can be solved by the critical chain technology. We can get more than a critical chain. In order to solve this problem, We can use the optimal method of stochastic process to schedule critical chain.

Risk Management of Construction Schedule by PERT with Monte Carlo Simulation

It has been proved that the construction schedule management was an uncertain problem. Traditional CPM method was a good way to define the total duration and critical paths but can not solve uncertainty. The paper use CPM to define the duration and critical path firstly, then defined the parameters with Delphi and make Monte Carlo simulation. Through simulation results, it is found that the probability to finish the work on time was only 35.3%. The following step is to make sensitivity analysis, through the calculation, the work which has large influence was found and treat as key control points. It is proved that Monte Carlo simulation is useful to solve the problem of construction schedule management.

Study on Application of Monte Carlo Simulation in Construction Schedule Management

It has been proved that the construction schedule management was an uncertain problem. Traditional CPM method was a good way to define the total duration and critical paths but can not solve uncertainty. The paper use CPM to define the duration and critical path firstly, then defined the parameters with Delphi and make Monte Carlo simulation. Through simulation results, it is found that the probability to finish the work on time was only 68%. The following step is to make sensitivity analysis, through the calculation, the work which has large influence was found and treat as key control points. It is proved that Monte Carlo simulation is useful to solve the problem of construction schedule management.

PERANAN PENJADWALAN OPERASI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN EFESIENSI PADA PEMBANGUNAN JEMBATAN RUMPIANG DI PT VIRAMA KARYA

ABSTRACT Basically when built the company we all have a hope that the company will develop someday and get the target, such as maximum profit or make a product or service with the use of maximum resources. Schedulling is an allocation decision of resources made available by facilities decision an aggregate planning. Schedulling is an important part of activity in the company, because it refers to the process of preparing a time target for all production operating activities including set up and after preparation time in executing a production order. The research use descriptive explorative method by case study, and the type of the research technique is statistic quantitative using PERT-CPM method. The analysis unit of this research is the construction unit of the company. PERT CPM analysis allows uncertainty in the activity times when activity times are difficult to predict, PERT can provide estimates the impact of uncertainty on the projects completion time. However, reason given in the analysis results are only approximation, because there are other factors contibuted in bridge project. Analysis method with CPM, can useful for the company to know about the efficiency time and cost from operation schedulle. From the analysis result can be described that normal time is 320 weeks can be reduced to 224 weeks resulting in 70% of throughput efficiency. Key Words; Operations Management, Project Management, Operation Schedulling, CPM Method, Act of Determining Time and Raising Efficiency

Link Clustering with Extended Link Similarity and EQ Evaluation Division

Link Clustering (LC) is a relatively new method for detecting overlapping communities in networks. The basic principle of LC is to derive a transform matrix whose elements are composed of the link similarity of neighbor links based on the Jaccard distance calculation; then it applies hierarchical clustering to the transform matrix and uses a measure of partition density on the resulting dendrogram to determine the cut level for best community detection. However, the original link clustering method does not consider the link similarity of non-neighbor links, and the partition density tends to divide the communities into many small communities. In this paper, an Extended Link Clustering method (ELC) for overlapping community detection is proposed. The improved method employs a new link similarity, Extended Link Similarity (ELS), to produce a denser transform matrix, and uses the maximum value of EQ (an extended measure of quality of modularity) as a means to optimally cut the dendrogram for better partitioning of the original network space. Since ELS uses more link information, the resulting transform matrix provides a superior basis for clustering and analysis. Further, using the EQ value to find the best level for the hierarchical clustering dendrogram division, we obtain communities that are more sensible and reasonable than the ones obtained by the partition density evaluation. Experimentation on five real-world networks and artificially-generated networks shows that the ELC method achieves higher EQ and In-group Proportion (IGP) values. Additionally, communities are more realistic than those generated by either of the original LC method or the classical CPM method.

A multivariate process capability index with a spatial coefficient

After analyzing the multivariate Cpm method (Chan et al. 1991), this paper presents a spatial multivariate process capability index (PCI) method, which can solve a multivariate off-centered case and may provide references for assuring and improving process quality level while achieving an overall evaluation of process quality. Examples for calculating multivariate PCI are given and the experimental results show that the systematic method presented is effective and actual.

침투성 코팅 처리된 벽면 주위의 벽 압력 특성

16채널 어레이 마이크로폰을 이용하여 난류 유동장 내 벽면 압력섭동에 대한 측정을 수행하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 코팅재질은 약 50 ppi (pores per inch)의 다공성 구조로 이루어진 우레탄 물질로 이루어져 있다. 코팅의 주된 목적은 난류 유동장 내 최소한의 공간을 유지하면서 대류속도로 진행하는 난류 와들을 필터링하는 역할을 하는 것이다. 평판 위 경계층의 측정은 열선 유속계를 이용하였으며 표면 마찰계수 값을 얻기 위해 CPM법을 사용하였다. 벽압력 스펙트럼과 파수-주파수 스펙트럼 측정은 코팅에 의해 얼마나 에너지가 저감되는 지를 비교하기 위해 사용되었다. 벽면 코팅은 대류하는 무차원 벽면섭동압력에너지를 저감시켰지만, 컴플라이언트 코팅된 벽면 거칠기로 인해 일반 강체 평판에 비해 상대적으로 발달된 경계층을 형성하였으며 벽면 평균전단응력과 저주파수 압력스펙트럼 레벨도 함께 증가하였다.

Labour engagement optimization in planning the execution of river regulation works on the Jelasnicka river

A project is a task comprising a set of interrelated activities requiring time and resources for their execution. It is often the case that during the construction of longitudinal and cross section structures for the regulation of a torrential catchment the required resources (labour, materials, mechanization, and finances) are often limited and because of that we face the problem of their efficient use. This paper deals with the problem of planning the execution of river regulation works on the Jelasnicka River with the aim to minimize the time extension due to limited resources. In the planning phase of project realization labour force is the limited resource. Heuristic techniques, i.e. the Gray-Kidd algorithm with the use of MS Project software were applied in the distribution of resources for the purposes of optimal labour engagement. This method uses the data acquired by the CPM method of network planning as input elements. Through more iterations, by moving noncritical and then critical project activities, the minimal extension of project duration was achieved by engaging more labour force. Therefore, the proposed heuristic and CPM method performed well in resolving the resource-constrained project scheduling problem.

키워드 검색 광고 운영 DB 데이터 분석을 통한 CPM와 CPC방식의 광고효과 연구

최근 키워드 검색 서비스를 제공하는 검색매체들은 CPM 광고방식에서 CPC 광고방식으로 전환하고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 CPC 광고방식이 CPM 광고방식에 비해 어떠한 측면에 서 효과가 있는가에 대한 체계적 연구는 미흡한 편이다. 이에 본 연구는 CPM 광고방식과 CPC 광고방식의 효과를 DB(Database)로부터 실 사례 데이터를 수집하여 두 광고방식 간 차이가 있는지에 대해 비교분석을 시도하였다. CPM 광고방식과 CPC 광고방식의 광고노출 영역은 상이하여 두 방식을 직접적으로 비교하기 어려우므로 분석단위를 동일하게 하기 위해 원본 데이터에 대한 전처리 과정을 수행하였다. 대상 데이터에 대한 분석결과 CPC 광고방식이 CPM 광고방식보다 총 노출 수 대비 클릭률이 약 1.3% 가량 높게 나타났으며, 1광고에 대한 클릭 당 단가가 약 51원 저렴한 것으로 나타났다. 즉 CPC 광고방식이 CPM 광고방식에 비해 광고효과 측면(CTR)과 광고비용 측면(CPC)에서 보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 향후 본 연구를 통해 키워드 검색 광고를 이용하고자 하는 광고주 및 마케팅 담당자에게 근거 있는 자료로서 마케팅 의사결정, 전략수립 및 예산편성에 도움이 되길 기대해 본다. Recently Internet keyword search service providers tends to use CPC advertizement method rather than CPM method. However researches how much the CPC method is beneficial to advertisers than CPM method in certain perspectives are insufficient and not performed systematically. So this paper tries to do comparative analysis about the two methods by analyzing the real transactional DB data from an advertizement agency. Due to the difficulties of direct comparison between the two methods because of their different expose positions on the Web and different types of attributes in DB, we did some preprocessing step for the transactional data. From the result of analysis, the click rate of CPC is higher than CPM by 1.3% and the unit cost for the CPC per one click is lower than CPM method by 51 Won. It shows the CPC method is more effective than CPM method for advertizement from the point of advertizement effectiveness (CTR) and advertizement cost (CPC). We hope this research would give useful information to advertisers and marketing managers in making advertizement strategy, marketing decision and budgeting.