Province Of Cordoba Research Articles

A reforma Argentina de 1918 analisada sob o modelo da unidade

A reforma universitária originada na província de Córdoba em 1918 forjou a matriz política e organizacional da universidade Argentina. O modelo se expande por vários países da América Latina e ainda persiste como realidade e referência nos atores universitários Argentinos. A revisão que se propõe não é histórica, mas sócio-metodológica, uma vez que é realizada a partir um marco conceitual que parte da unidade como modelo conceitual. Referido modelo permite ressignificar os temas e conflitos que se manifestaram com os reformistas de 1918.

La innovación en las entidades de acción social de la provincia de Córdoba (España)

Introducción: La innovación constituye en la actualidad un factor clave para la competitividad y aunque el grado de interés que despierta en el tercer sector es todavía incipiente cada vez es más frecuente encontrar casos de éxito de entidades no lucrativas (ENL) que han desarrollado experiencias novedosas en el ámbito de lo social. Metodología: se ha realizado un estudio en instituciones de acción social en la provincia de Córdoba que consta de una primera fase de carácter cuantitativo, orientada a establecer un diagnóstico y valoración general del sector a través de los datos obtenidos de un cuestionario de autodiagnóstico de la innovación social respondido por entidades que aglutinan a más del 80% del sector de acción social de la provincia. Resultados: Los resultados del estudio nos llevan a concluir que existe aún un gran desconocimiento sobre el concepto de innovación social. Conclusiones: queda camino por recorrer en las ENL en cuanto a la innovación en sus procesos y en el uso de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, en el trabajo colaborativo y en el intercambio de experiencias.

La política del valor y la política del significado: tendiendo puentes

This paper seeks to contribute conceptually to an anthropological approach to politics and power situated ethnographically. The starting point is a review of everything from classical debates about the relationship between anthropology and ideology to contemporary discussions on ethnographic theory. Then, with the discussion limited to the study of political processes involving the state, it focuses on a case from contemporary Argentina that expresses and materializes the political dimension of public infrastructure. It examines significant associations between infrastructure and federalism established and mobilized by political actors committed to creating an interprovincial regionalization among the provinces of Cordoba, Entre Rios and Santa Fe. This corpus of data, from which the observations and arguments presented arise, is the result of a decade of research developed from an ethnographic perspective with a methodology that privileged fieldwork based on participant observation and open interviews. Finally, it proposes a response to the theoretical and methodological question of how to complement ethnographical study of the concrete material effects of the state with the productive and creative dimensions of politics by building bridges between the politics of meaning and the politics of value.

La transformación del régimen de representación en la provincia de Córdoba a partir de la aplicación de la ley Sáenz Peña

This paper analyzes the influence that different political actors in the province of Cordoba had in changing the electoral system starting from the application of Saenz Pena Law in the province context. In Cordoba, liberal democracy ideas echoed throughout the social fabric: Radical Civic Union, local press, and a liberal faction of the ruling class that since 1890 juarismo crisis had stayed away from the power. This pressure for changes on the provincial government of Felix Garzon, responding to a clerical faction of conservatism Cordoba, resulted in the conventional meeting to reform the provincial Constitution. In this context, conventional discourses are analyzed, highlighting similarities and differences within the provincial conservatism and paying special attention to proposals concerning the ideas of democratization of the political-institutional system of the province.

Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species from bovine subclinical mastitis in dairy herds in the central region of Argentina

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are a common cause of bovine subclinical mastitis (SCM). The prevalence of CNS species causing SCM identified by genotyping varies among countries. Overall, the antimicrobial resistance in this group of organisms is increasing worldwide; however, little information exists about a CNS species resistant to antibiotics. The aim of the present study was to genotypically characterize CNS at species level and to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of CNS species isolated from bovine SCM in 51 dairy herds located in the central region of the province of Cordoba, Argentina. In this study, we identified 219 CNS isolates at species level by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism of the groEL gene. Staphylococcus chromogenes (46.6%) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (32%) were the most prevalent species. A minimum of three different CNS species were present in 41.2% of the herds. S. chromogenes was isolated from most of the herds (86.3%), whereas S. haemolyticus was isolated from 66.7% of them. The broth microdilution method was used to test in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility. Resistance to a single compound or two related compounds was expressed in 43.8% of the isolates. S. chromogenes and S. haemolyticus showed a very high proportion of isolates resistant to penicillin. Resistance to two or more non-related antimicrobials was found in 30.6% of all CNS. S. haemolyticus exhibited a higher frequency of resistance to two or more non-related antimicrobials than S. chromogenes.

Los hechos en el recurso de casación laboral de Córdoba

The appeal to the Highest Court of Cordoba Province, in the labor courts, went away from the traditional model which defines it as an extraordinary procedural remedy, limited to reviewing final judgments, to provide guarantees of access to justice and the right of defense. Thus, it concretes the recognition of the right to a double comprehensive and integral analysis, in compliance with the Constitution and international agreements incorporated by the Nation. Therefore, the scope of review, at present, covers everything that has been the subject of judgment, including issues relating to the facts and evidence.

Aparición de un aislado estrechamente relacionado con el Maize yellow striate virus en plantas de trigo

En la Argentina, desde 2007 se han observado síntomas similares a virus en campos de trigo, tales como rayas cloróticas, enanismo y amarillamiento. Se tomaron muestras de plantas y hojas sintomáticas de Marcos Juárez (2007) y de Río Cuarto (2008 y 2013), ambas localidades de la provincia de Córdoba. El virus fue transmitido experimentalmente a partir de plantas de trigo sintomáticas a los cultivares Baguette 10 y BIOINTA 3005, utilizando el vector Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah (Delphacidae); los síntomas de rayas cloróticas, enanismo y amarillamiento en los cereales inoculados se reprodujeron a los 10-15 días posinoculación. La presencia de virus se confirmó por microscopía electrónica y RT-PCR usando cebadores degenerados, que amplifican una región conservada del gen de la polimerasa (L) de los rhabdovirus de plantas. La comparación de secuencias mostró 98% de identidad de nucleótidos con el Maize yellow striate virus C. Caroya (JQ715419) aislado de maíz en Argentina. Hasta el momento, este es el primer reporte de la presencia del Maize yellow striate virus en trigo en la Argentina.

Una Mirada sobre la atención Psicomotríz en los servicios de Salud Pública

At public health institutions in the province of Cordoba, we can observe an asymmetric participation between medical professions and other professions such as psychomotricity. This reality is observed in public health care centers in the city of Rio Cuarto. We critically think about the definition of the health-illness processes, comparing the current paradigms and Psychmotricity theory and asking about the ways in which the inclusion of this discipline is understood in the provincial public policies and in the legislation in force. The research was carried out through field work to get to know the opinion and assessment regarding health care and psychomotricity care and its legal framework by means of surveys and interviews to health social actors: doctors and local civil servants, among others. It is observed that the constitution of the health teams is incomplete; there exists professional bias which is still priorly constituted by the medical sciences. The intention of our analysis is to contrast medical knowledge and psychomotricity knowledge to set up reflection spaces which will allow the necessary transformations to take care of health recovery, prevention and promotion.

Estado de vacunación en profesionales y técnicos del equipo de salud de Hospitales estatales de la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina

Objective: To determine the immunization status of health professionals and technicians belonging to the health team from state hospitals of the province of Cordoba regarding Hepatitis B vaccine; Measles and Rubella vaccine; Measles, Mumps and Rubella Vaccine (MMR); Diphtheria and Tetanus vaccine (DT); and influenza (flu) vaccine. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on a sample of 844 workers from public hospitals belonging to the Ministry of Health of the province of Cordoba during the years 2013 and 2014. A self administered questionnaire was used and univariate analysis and bivariate analysis were done. For the assessment of factors associated with vaccination, chi square statistics was applied; a 5% margin of error was defined (p < 0.05) and a confidence interval of 95 %. Results: The proportion of professionals and technicians with coverage was: Diphtheria and Tetanus Vaccine (DT) 87.2%, Hepatitis B vaccine 77.6%, MMR vaccine or Measles and Rubella vaccine 69.0% and influenza vaccine 55.2%. Better immunization status was found among those with higher education, less seniority, and younger age with significant differences regarding sex in hepatitis B and less seniority in Measles and Rubella vaccine. Conclusion: The workers studied present an immunization status below the one internationally recommended. However, it is similar or higher to the level reported in different countries, showing that the under-coverage of health professionals is an outspread problem that must be prioritized by the authorities, given the implications for the workers themselves and the population they assist.

Additions to the knowledge of the ground sloth Catonyx tarijensis (Xenarthra, Pilosa) in the Pleistocene of Argentina

Quaternary Scelidotheriinae (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) are represented by three genera: Scelidotherium Owen, Valgipes Gervais, and Catonyx Ameghino. The genus Catonyx includes three species of ground sloths: C. cuvieri (Lund), C. tarijensis (Gervais and Ameghino), and C. chiliensis (Lydekker). Catonyx tarijensis and C. chiliensis were present during the Quaternary of Argentina. The aim of this contribution is to improve the knowledge of C. tarijensis of Argentina from a morphological, systematic, and biostratigraphic point of view. The presence of C. tarijensis is recorded in the Ensenadan–Lujanian South American Land Mammal Ages (SALMAs) (Early Pleistocene–Late Pleistocene) of Buenos Aires Province, in the Lujanian SALMA (Late Pleistocene) of Corrientes Province, and in the Pleistocene of Cordoba and Salta Provinces. Outside Argentina, this species is recorded in the Late Pleistocene of Bolivia and Uruguay.

Sociocultural Variables That Impact High School Students’ Perceptions of Native Fauna: a Study on the Species Component of the Biodiversity Concept

This study investigates the influence of school sector (private versus state schools) and student gender on knowledge of native fauna. Our main objectives were (a) to describe the knowledge of high school students from the province of Cordoba, Argentina with respect to native animal species, (b) to determine if any exotic species (introduced or domestic) are considered native, and (c) to analyze the effects of school sector and gender on the students’ knowledge of the native fauna. In total, 321 students aged 15–18 from 14 urban schools (8 state and 6 private schools) were asked to write down ten animals native to Cordoba, Argentina, in a free-list questionnaire. Relative frequencies and Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) were used to analyze the categorized (animal names) and continuous answers (quantity of responses, number of native animals, etc.), with the 25 most frequently mentioned species showing a predominance of native ones, of which “Puma” (Puma concolor) and “Andean condor” (Vultur gryphus) were the most prominent. An overrepresentation of mammalian species compared to other classes of chordates was also found, with high school students mentioning native and domestic species higher on the free-list. Using GLMM, we found that school sector had a significant effect on the number of native animals mentioned at both national and local levels, and on domestic and mixed species. Finally, male students mentioned more species and more native animals than their female counterparts. These findings were interpreted and discussed in light of sociocultural and traditional ecological knowledge theories, from which several implications arose related to research and practice.

Nombres y clasificaciones de los hongos según los campesinos de La Paz (Valle de Traslasierra, Córdoba, Argentina).

La etnomicología es una rama de la etnobiología dedicada a estudiar el papel de los hongos en las diversas culturas. El estudio de los nombres que un pueblo aplica a los elementos de su entorno es útil como punto de partida para dilucidar patrones nomenclaturales subyacentes y con ello aproximarse a la manera en que la gente los conceptualiza, percibe, valora y clasifica. En Argentina, y particularmente en Córdoba, son escasos y fragmentarios los datos disponibles sobre los vínculos y conocimientos que los diferentes grupos humanos poseen sobre los hongos. Para contribuir a cambiar esta situación, se realizó una investigación etnomicológica con los campesinos serranos del poblado de La Paz. Se trabajó con un enfoque cualitativo; los datos se recopilaron mediante entrevistas abiertas, recorridos por el entorno y observación participante. Se registraron 26 nombres locales para 31 especies fúngicas estudiadas; éstos se analizaron lingüísticamente. Se encontró que los criollos agrupan a dichas especies en 9 categorías nombradas en base a, principalmente, características morfológicas y al sustrato. A partir de los resultados se propone un primer esquema etnoclasificatorio de las especies, donde se observa que las categorías vernáculas en ocasiones se traslapan y no conforman un sistema absolutamente jerarquizado.

Representaciones de estudiantes de primaria y secundaria sobre las Ciencias de la Computación y su oficio

This paper studies approaches to introduce computer sciences in 19 primary, secondary, public and private schools in Cordoba Province, Argentina. After offering a 13 hours introductory programming course through the development of computer animations, we analyse the main factors related to Computer Science career choice: students’ representations about Computer Scientist job’s demand, students’ beliefs about the disciplinary area of Computer Science, and students’ self-perception of competence using pre and post course survey. Our data show that most schools are teaching their students to “use” the computer and software developed by others, and fewer schools are teaching computational thinking and programming. The computer content knowledge teaching gap is wider when comparing private and public schools. However, after our 13 hours course all of the students changed their representations about Computer Science and its jobs. The amount of students who had positive or negative perceptions do not change after our teaching experience. Nevertheless, the reasons why they perceived themselves as capable or incapable of programming do change. We describe policy implications of these findings.

Educación secundaria de jóvenes y adultos en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina. Historia, políticas públicas y desarrollo educativo

Este proyecto nace como posible respuesta a los desafíos que la Universidad Católica de Córdo­ba ha asumido al emprender un camino hacia la re­definición del vínculo con la sociedad. Se enmarca en una de las cinco líneas explicitadas en su plan de desarrollo (2009-2013) Investigación de valor para una mejor enseñanza y servicio a la sociedad y en una de las prioritarias de la Facultad de Educa­ción llamada Educación, inclusión y toma de deci­siones. El presente proyecto procura dar respuesta a este desafío mediante una integración de accio­nes de investigación, docencia y proyección social.Además, se propone analizar el estado de si­tuación de la educación secundaria de jóvenes y adultos en la provincia de Córdoba en el contex­to nacional y latinoamericano. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, se opta por realizar un estu­dio de tipo descriptivo a partir de la revisión y aná­lisis de estudios, estadísticas y documentos pro­ducidos por distintas agencias de conocimiento y la realización de un trabajo de campo focalizado en instituciones educativas con la finalidad de ge­nerar información que permita incidir en los pro­cesos de toma de decisiones.Este proyecto busca aportar para construir una educación de calidad como derecho huma­no fundamental en esa dirección hacia la propia Universidad, en acciones de docencia, y hacia la sociedad cordobesa, mediante acciones de proyección social.

Phenological changes in olive (Ola europaea L.) reproductive cycle in southern Spain due to climate change.

Modifications of crop species phenology due to a changing environment are of interest because of their impact on fruit set and final harvest. Pre-flowering and flowering phenophases in olive groves at different sites of southern Spain were examined, in order to chart potential trends and determine major correlations with weather-related parameters, especially temperature and water availability. The high prevalence of olive pollen allergy in the Mediterranean population makes this study highly relevant. Ten sites in Cordoba province (Spain) during a 17-year period (1996-2012). BBCH phenology scale. Meteorological data from 1960 were analyzed; data from 1996 included on modeling analysis. Linear Mixed Models (LMMs) were developed, combining phenological and meteorological data. Since 1960, local spring temperatures have increased 1.5ºC, the number of spring rainfall days has fallen 11 days, total rainfall has declined 150 mm. Despite phenological differences between sites, attributable to altitude, phenological development during the season followed a similar pattern. Flowering dates advanced 2 days, while inflorescence emergence was delayed 24 days. Trend slopes revealed differences, an earlier period (1996-2002) with a sharp flowering advance of 15 days, and a later period (2003-2012) characterized by a gradual advance and a high bud emergence delay of 22 days. LMMs was revealed as an appropriate technique for phenology behaviour analysis displaying both fixed and random interactions. Cultivars grown in the study province are adapted to climate with a synchronized response, although climate change is affecting theolive reproductive cycle in southern Spain; therefore, the timing of pollen release, with subsequent consequences on allergic population as phenological changes, could have impacts on flowering period and pollen production. Further investigation is required of the implications for crop production in Mediterranean ecosystems.

Short communication. The role of rabbit density and the diversity of weeds in the development of cover crops in olive groves

Cover crops are an effective means to reduce soil erosion and to provide food and shelter for wildlife. However, in areas of intensive farming, which are characterised by the scarcity of weed communities, wild herbivores may focus their grazing on cover crops, which could make their implementation difficult. In this work, we test whether rabbit grazing can prevent the growth of herbaceous cover crops in olive groves in Southern Spain in addition to assessing the role of rabbit abundance and diversity of weeds in the development of cover crops. This question has been addressed by sowing Bromus rubens between the rows of five olive groves in Cordoba province (Spain). We then monitored the surface covered by B. rubens, along with both diversity of weed communities and rabbit abundance. Two rabbit exclusion areas were also placed in each olive grove in order to assess the impact of rabbits on the development of cover crops. Our results showed that the surface occupied by B. rubens was considerably higher in the rabbit exclusion areas (mean 56.8 ± 5.65 %) than in those areas in which they could feed (mean 35.6 ± 4.32 %). The coverage occupied by cover crops was higher in areas with lower rabbit density, although this relationship was modulated by the weed diversity index, since in areas with the same rabbit abundance the coverage was higher in those with a richer weed community. These findings suggest that high rabbit abundances can prevent the development of herbaceous cover crops in olive groves, particularly in areas in which alternative food resources (measured as weed diversity) are scarce.

Relación entre logística inversa y desempeño. Estudio de casos en Córdoba, Argentina

La relación entre las acciones de una empresa y el impacto que ellas generan, no sólo en lo económico sino también en lo social y ambiental, es un aspecto profusamente analizado en la literatura del management de los últimos años, dando lugar al surgimiento de conceptos generales como responsabilidad social empresarial o sustentabilidad y también a algunos más específicos como el marketing verde, la producción más limpia o la logística inversa. Este artículo trata este último concepto, pretendiendo probar la relación existente entre la función inversa de la logística y el desempeño de una empresa, relacionado con los tres pilares de la sustentabilidad: económico, social y ambiental. Se plantea como metodología el enfoque cualitativo a través del estudio de casos, realizado en seis empresas de la ciudad de Córdoba, Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina. Los resultados de la investigación indican que la incorporación de aspectos de logística inversa en la planificación estratégica de las empresas requiere de la integración de aspectos sociales y ambientales, además de los económicos, incluyendo una mayor cantidad de stakeholders y, por ende, de mediciones para la evaluación, mejora y comunicación. Todo ello repercute directamente en un mejor desempeño relacionado con la sustentabilidad

El inexorable avance de la Leishmaniasis: comunicación del primer caso autóctono de la Provincia de Córdoba

The objective of this work is to report the fi rst case of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the province of Cordoba, in the month of November, 2014. There are no previous reports of autochthonous cases in the province. The work team from the Chair of Medical Parasitology and Mycology. School of Medicine, National University of Cordoba, has been raising warning fl ags regarding the effects of global warming on public health, since it stimulates the advance of the epidemiologic boundary of vector transmitted diseases; leishmaniasis is an example of this statement. This zoonosis has been diagnosed in a patient from Unquillo, a mountainous region, little more than 20 km away from the capital of Cordoba, Argentina. The diagnosis has been checked with tissue biopsies, undoubtedly through parasite observation. Deforestation for agriculture and wood production, the generation of closed neighborhoods in the surroundings of cities, the migration of people coming from endemic areas and the global increase of temperatures are the factors which favor the new settlements of this pathology.8 This disease has a great impact on health and its vector has to be fought against through permanent health programs. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is greatly spread in America and representations can be found since pre-Columbian times in pottery and anthropomorphic huacos showing lesions corresponding to this pathology.1, 7, 8 The etiologic agent is a parasite transmitted by a small insect, Lutzomyia; it produces chronic ulcers and mutilation due to the destruction of nose and larynx cartilages. It is a priority to inform about the emergency of the disease, generate preventive actions of health promotion and let all the health team know about the existence of the disease in our setting.1, 7, 8

New record of Liolaemus ditadai Cei, 1983 (Squamata, Liolaemidae) from Santiago del Estero province, Argentina

Liolaemus ditadai is a rare liolaemid lizard originally described from Salinas Grandes salt-pans flat, in the border between Cordoba and Catamarca Province in central Argentina. Only a few specimens of this species are known. Here, we present a new record that result in a significant extension of the known distribution of the species, which is currently considered to be restricted to a small area in Salinas Grandes. In addition, we comment on previous records of the species in central Argentina.

FIRST PRESUMPTIVE DIAGNOSIS OF XYLELLA FASTIDIOSA CAUSING OLIVE SCORCH IN ARGENTINA

In December 2013, in Aimogasta (La Rioja province) and Cruz del Eje (Cordoba province) olive trees older than 50 years of age were observed in six orchards of cv. Arauco, which showed symptoms recalling those induced by Xylella fastidiosa. Some branches displayed desiccated leaves at the top and basal leaves with apical scorching. Additional symptoms were slow decay, dull green coloration, curling and necrosis of the leaves, partial defoliation and rapid death of shoots and branches. Petiole and midrib samples from symptomatic trees reacted positively when ELISA-tested (Agdia, USA) for X. fastidiosa. Furthermore, PCR assays using primers targeting the conserved hypothetical HL protein (Francis et al., 2006) and the RNA polymerase sigma-factor 70 (rpoD) (Minsavage et al., 1994) amplified the expected products of 220 and 733 bp. Amplicons from the rpoD gene of three isolates were sequenced (nucleotide similarity 100%) and the sequences submitted to GenBank (KM206739, KM206740 and KM206741). BLASTN analysis indicated 100% identity with the rpoD gene from strain 9a5C (AE003849) from citrus and 97% with isolate OL-G (HG532022) from olive (Loconsole et al., 2014). In a phylogenetic tree constructed with rpoD gene sequences, the Argentinean olive isolates grouped with subspecies pauca. Our data match those from Italy, indicating that X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca is also involved in olive infections in Argentina. Isolation (Cariddi et al., 2014), pure culture and pathogenicity tests have to confirm our presumptive diagnosis and additional research is needed to elucidate the epidemiology of the disease and its potential vectors in our country.