Control Variant Research Articles

Growth reactions at the initial stages of the ontogenesis of white lupin with the use of growth-regulating compounds

The research was conducted in 2024 in a laboratory experiment at the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (Moscow). When studying the effect of short peptides on the sowing qualities of white lupine seeds, a negative effect on the energy of seed germination was found. The lowest values of germination energy were observed when using dipeptide KE at concentrations of 1*10-9 g/l and 1*10-12 g/l and amounted to 28% and 16%, respectively. The germination of white lupine seeds was noted at the maximum level and amounted to 100% when using all the studied concentrations. As for the treatment of seeds with tetrapeptide AEDG, there was also a decrease in the values of the germination energy of white lupine seeds at the level of 52% and 38% for concentrations of 1*10 -6 g/l and 1*10 -15 g/l compared with the control variant. Germination significantly differed from the control variant only when using tetrapeptide ARG at a concentration of 1*10 -6 g/l and was 88%.

Чувствительност ь возбудителя сетчатой пятнистости листьев (Pyrenophora teres ) к двухкомпонентным фунгицидам на основе триазолового и стробилуринового классов

The study was conducted to investigate the sensitivity of net blotch of barley (pathogen – Pyrenophora teres Drechsler) to two-component fungicides based on triazole and strobilurine classes. The work was carried out on intact barley plants and in pure culture of the fungus using four preparations (Amistar Extra, SC, Amistar Gold, SC, Baliy, MC, Delaro, SC) and five treatment options with different application rates from those recommended by the manufacturers (0 (control without fungicide), 50%, 100% (manufacturers’ recommended rate), 150%, 200%). It was found that the sensitivity of the P. teres fungus varied significantly depending on the active ingredient in the toxicant and the mechanism of interaction with the preparation – in vivo (indirect) or in vitro (direct). When the plants were treated with the doses recommended by the manufacturers, the minimum biological efficacy was found after treatment with the fungicide Delaro, SC – 76.3% (based on protioconazole (175 g/l) and trifloxystrobin (150 g/l)), the maximum biological efficacy was found after treatment with Baliy, MC – 83.1% (based on azoxystrobin (120 g/ l) and propiconazole (180 g/l)). When fungicides were applied to cups with a nutrient medium, the growth of fungal colonies was slowed down in all experimental variants, the maximum biological efficacy values were found after application of Amistar Gold, SC – 98.8% (on the basis of azoxystrobin (125 g/l) and diphenoconazole (125 g/l)), Delaro, SC – 98.4% (based on based on protioconazole (175 g/l) and trifloxystrobin (150 g/l)); minimum values were found when applying Amistar Extra, SC – 38.8% (on the basis of azoxystrobin (200 g/l) and ciproconazole (80 g/l)). The introduction of all preparations into the nutrient medium caused excessive structuring and pathological differentiation of P. teres fungus mycelium, and an acceleration of colony growth phases was observed on the medium with fungicides in comparison with the control variant. The introduction of Amistar Gold, SC, Delaro, SC, and Baliy, MC preparations completely inhibited sporulation. The conducted studies provided new knowledge on the changes in morphological and cultural characteristics of the regional population of P. teres under the action of fungicides of the triazole and strobilurine classes and its sensitivity to toxicants.

Role of bioproducts in the improvement of soybean productivity

The paper studies the influence of bioproducts on soybean plants under the conditions of Primorsky kray. The research was conducted on released soybean variety Primorskaya 86. The research evaluates the efficacy of bioproducts Biocomposite correct, Rhizoform + Static, and plant biostimulator Biosteam Start. The variant with inoculant Rhizoform + Static (seed treatment) had 20% efficacy against Septoria blight. The highest biological efficacy (50.8%) against downy mildew was observed in the variant with Biocomposite-correct and biostimulator Biosteam Start + foliar treatment with Biocomposite-correct. The studied products had a positive effect on the morphometric characteristics of soybean plants. The maximum gain in plant height was noted in the variant with Rhizoform + Static (48.3 cm) at the flowering stage compared to the control (33.2 cm). Using the products increased the number of nodules relative to the control (56.9 pcs.). The highest number of nodules was observed after seed treatment with Rhizoform + Static (77.6 pcs.). The largest grains formed after seed treatment with Rhizoform + Static (203.3 g) (the TKW was 159.4 g in the control variant). Biological yield varied from 3.3 t/ha (seed treatment with Biocomposite-correct + seed treatment with Biosteam Start + foliar treatment with Biocomposite-correct) to 3.8 t/ha (seed treatment with Rhizoform + Static) among variants compared to 2.5 t/ha in the control. The research results allowed us to conclude that the studied bioproducts and biostimulator were effective in increasing the productivity of soybean plants.

New supplementary feeds for sterlet in industrial cultivation

An increasingly significant deficit of fish meal necessary for the production of quality fish feed requires the use of new components characterised by high levels of protein and fat. This article presents the results of a feed supplements study with a protein component based on soldier fly and probiotics. The study of fish-biological parameters of fish revealed that the absolute and average daily gain in the variant with feed KV54 + soldier fly is higher by 40.9 %, the mass accumulation ratio by 33.3 %, compared with the control variant, with survival rate of 100 %. Feeding coefficient in the experiment variant KV54+soldier fly is lower compared to the control by 1.3 units, i.e. by 34 %. The physiological and biochemical parameters of fish blood were within the normal range for fish from a natural reservoir.

Influence of anthropogenic factors on anatomo-morphological and physiological indices of needles of common pine trees

The article presents the results of the influence of anthropogenic factors on the changes in anatomo-morphological and physiological features of the structure of pine needles (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing in different habitat conditions in Kstovo, Nizhny Novgorod region. Necrosis and desiccation of needles in places with the most intensive motor transport traffic exceeded the control variant by 30.0-72.0 %, respectively. The experimental variant showed changes in the anatomical structure of pine leaf: epidermis thickness increased (by 60%), the area of assimilation tissue decreased by 34.6%, the diameter of resin passages decreased (by 5.0%) and their number (by 60.0%), the distance between conductive bundles (by 26.7%) and their diameter (by 37.8%), compared to the control variant. Under conditions of anthropogenic load, changes in the pigment composition of pine needles were observed: the content of chlorophyll a decreased by 9.1%, chlorophyll b - increased by 29.1%, carotenoids did not change, compared to the control variant. Thus, the results obtained expand the understanding of morphology, anatomy and pigment composition of needles of common pine growing under urban conditions. Quantitative changes in these indicators depend on the growing area.

Effect of fertilizers and growth stimulants on the content of coumarin and its derivatives in the vegetative mass of melilot.

The paper presents the results of determining the content of coumarin and its derivatives in the melilot using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, including the study of the effect of fertilizers on the quantitative content of coumarin and its derivatives in the composition of the melilot treated by phases using the method of 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Based on the results of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the possibility of qualitative and quantitative determination of the content of coumarin and its derivatives isolated from extracts of fertilized melilot was evaluated. The effect of eight preparations on the plant and its concentration in solution on the content of coumarin substances in the Altynbas yellow melilot variety was studied. It was shown that the preparations have a slight effect on the coumarin content in the melilot and, accordingly, on the quality of feed based on it. In the control variant (variant 9), the coumarin proton content was 9.85%, and the maximum coumarin proton content was observed in the variant where BioEnergy was used as fertilizer and amounted to 22.44%.

STUDY AND ASSESSMENT OF THE OF THE TAEGRO WP APPLICATION ON STRAWBERRIES BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AND PRIVATE FARMS

Today, throughout the world, the use of chemicals is the main method of combating plant diseases both before and after harvest. To date, there are certain problems with each fungicidal drug against "gray rot" in Ukraine. The solution to these problems can be the use of biopesticides, such as the researched drug Taegro, WP. Materials and methods. To achieve and evaluate the tasks, such scientific research methods were used as: the method of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and systematization, natural experiment, physico-chemical, organoleptic, sanitary-microbiological, methods of statistical analysis and mathematical modeling. Research results and their discussion. The technical efficiency of the fungicide Taegro WP in suppressing the damage of strawberry berries by gray rot in plantations, with the rate of its use of 0.18 and 0.37 kg/ha, was 70.60 and 81.05%, respectively. The use of the Taegro WP with a application rate of 0.18 and 0.37 kg/ha helped to increase the yield of strawberries to 10.05, 10.34 t/ha, while the yield in the control variant was 8.65 t/ha. It was noted that after the application of the fungicide Taegro WP with a rate of 3.7 g/ 5 l of water / 1 acre, an increase in the level of total chlorophyll in the leaves of strawberries of the garden variety Alina was observed, which was 457.5-667.5 units, which is 68.5 % higher compared to the control. Conclusion. In a number of field experiments, it was established that the fungicide Taegro WP with application rates of 0.18 and 0.37 kg/ha in the conditions of industrial production and with a consumption rate of 3.7 g/ 5 l of water / 1 acre in the conditions of private auxiliary farms has a high technical efficiency against strawberry damage.

Efficiency of cluster supports and organic fertilizers in tomato cultivation in greenhouse conditions

In the Moscow region, tomatoes are grown in high-tech or spring greenhouse conditions with solar heating. The microclimate in spring greenhouses depends on weather conditions, and unfavorable factors can lead to physiological disorders and infectious diseases. This study examines the influence of arched cluster supports and the application of organic fertilizers on the yield formation of tomato F1 DRC 564. Flexible Arch 6 mm (flexible) and Top Flex Arch 6 mm (rigid) cluster supports were used to prevent cluster breakage, along with organic fertilizers Rostovit and Aminozol. The research was conducted in 2022-2023 at the V.I. Edelstein Research Center for Horticulture and Vegetable Growing, in a spring ground film greenhouse with solar heating. Biochemical parameters showed a positive effect in the variant treated with the OMEK-7M and Aminozol preparations. The dry matter content in the fruits of these variants was 9.7-9.8%, 0.5-0.6% higher than in the control variant. The variant treated with Rostovit had the highest content of ascorbic acid at 26.0%, 8% higher than the control. Nitrate content in the fruits in all experimental variants remained within the permissible range for tomatoes grown in protected soil, ranging from 18 to 19 mg/kg.

БОРЬБА С СОРНЯКАМИ В ПОСЕВАХ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ

It is known that the contamination of cultivated crops with weeds greatly complicates agricultural work. Weeds significantly reduce the yield, worsen the quality of products and increase their cost. In the system of weed control measures, the use of herbicides is one of the most important means of combating field contamination, it is especially effective in combination with agrotechnical control measures against the background of high agricultural culture. The purpose of the study is to study the effect of herbicides on the contamination of crops, increase productivity and improve the quality of winter wheat grain. The experiment was laid down in three-fold repetition with a randomized placement of options in experiments with a total area of 30 m2, accounting for 16 m2. The use of herbicides in the tillering phase on wheat crops, the reduction of weeds was 69.8 – 88.2%, and before harvesting by 58.1 – 74.6%. The highest yield of winter wheat grain was provided by the fourth option, the use of the herbicide Dart, KKR (0.4 l/ha) + Singer, SP (5g/ha) – 4.93 t/ha of the Bagrat variety, according to the Trio variety – 4.88 t/ha. The main indicators of grain quality are protein, gluten and vitreous. The maximum values were characterized by grain obtained from the fourth variant, where the protein content of both varieties was 14.7 – 14.9%, gluten 28.4 – 28.9%, vitreous – 71.1 – 71.2%. The weight of 1000 grains was 44.1 – 44.6 g, which is 3.3 g more than the control variant. Efficiency calculations show that the costs are recouped on the varieties of winter wheat Bagrat and Trio in all variants of the experiment. In the fourth option, the cost of expenses increased by 0.96 thousand rubles compared to the control, while the profit of this option amounted to 31.12 – 31.62 thousand rubles with a profitability of 176 – 178.8%.

Combination of bifidobacteria and arabinogalactan when fermenting skim milk

The work investigated the fermentation of skim milk with a concentrate of bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium breve and Bifidobacterium infantis) in the presence of arabinogalactan in amounts of 3, 5, 7 and 10%. It was found that after fermentation at a temperature of 37 °C for 12 hours, the characteristic sour-milk taste and curd were not observed in any of the samples, regardless of the presence of arabinogalactan. It was revealed that after storage at a temperature of (4±2) °C for 10 days, the consistency of the control and test samples remained homogeneous, without separation and visible syneresis. The increase in titratable acidity at the post-oxidation stage for 10 days was no more than 1-2 °T. It was shown that, under experimental conditions, the number of viable bifidobacteria cells was greater in test samples containing from 5 to 10% arabinogalactan than in control variants and in samples with a mass fraction of arabinogalactan of 3%. Based on the totality of the observed results, it can be assumed that the prebiotic was used by microorganisms as a source of nutrition.

Effect of Plant Thickness and Cotton Row Spacing on Dry Mass Accumulation

In thi article, the medium-fiber cotton variety “Ravnaq-1” was processed at different 60 cm (control), 70 cm, and 76 cm row spacings in a cultivator adopted (in Uzbekistan) and a milling cultivator with a 76 cm row spacing, along with the theoretical seedling thickness. The analysis results of the scientific research on dry mass accumulation of cotton leaving 90-100 thousand bushels/ha and 120-130 thousand bushels/ha are presented. In the conducted research, the dry mass of one cotton bush in 2020 was 118.1-97.6 grams, in 2021 it was 131. It was 2-107.5 grams. That is, when the number of saplings is large, the dry mass of one plant decreases, when analyzed per hectare, it was found that higher dry mass was accumulated in all variants when the theoretical thickness of seedlings was 90-100 thousand bush/ha, when it was 120-130 thousand bush/ha. The highest rate of dry mass accumulation per bush in different row spacings was observed in both years of the study in the case of milling cultivator with a row spacing of 76 cm and theoretical seedling thickness of 90-100 thousand bush/ha, proportionally 138.9-151 It was .5 grams. It was found that this indicator accumulated more dry mass by 20.8-41.3 grams in the first year of the study than the control variants, and by 20.3-44 grams in the second year.

THE EFFECT OF FOLIAR TREATMENT OF ALFALFA CROPS DURING VEGETATION USING BIOPREPARATIONS ON SEED YIELD

The article presents the results of a study on the influence of biopreparations BioSleepBW+Foliar, OrgamicaS+Foliar, (OrganitP+OrganitN+Biodux+Foliar), and Foliar on the seed yield of alfalfa when applied as foliar treatments at the beginning of flowering. The research on alfalfa cultivation was conducted using five different experimental variants. The experiments were carried out on ordinary chernozem soil. The Hydrothermal Coefficient (HTC) values in 2022-2023 were 0,73 – 0,76, respectively, indicating dry conditions. During the budding and flowering periods of alfalfa plants, there was a precipitation deficit, which negatively affected seed yield. The composition of the biopreparations includes a complex of biologically active polyunsaturated fatty acids of the fungus Mortierella alpine with a consumption rate of 3,0-10,0 ml/ha and spores of the strains Beauveria bassiana, Bacillus megaterium-amyloliguefaciens with consumption rates of 1-3 l/ha, with a working solution consumption of 300 l/ha. The research established that the applied biopreparations improve the sowing quality of the seeds. The weight of 1000 seeds remains largely unchanged, serving as a stable indicator, while the agricultural validity of the planting material increases from 79.2% to 84%. This ultimately leads to a 10-20% increase in alfalfa seed yield. The most effective biopreparations influencing seed productivity are Orgamica S+Foliar with a seed yield of 2,0 c/ha, Foliar with 1,86 c/ha, and the OrganitP+OrganitN+Biodux+Foliar complex with 1,82 c/ha, which exceed the control variant by 0,37, 0,28, and 0,05 c/ha, respectively.

Features of narrow-leaved lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) development and productivity in the application of micronutrients in the conditions of the Central Non-Chernozem zone of Russia

The results of three years of field research in conditions of low-fertile sod-podzolic sandy loam soil of the Kaluga region on the study of growth, development, and seed productivity of narrow-leaved lupin during foliar fertilization of plants with BorSTART, MicroStim-Marganets, and Novalon 19-19-19+2MgO+ME fertilizers are presented. The use of micronutrients increased the height of narrow-leaved lupin plants, starting from the flowering phase and the leaf area from the budding phase to the end of the vegetation of plants. The largest leaf area in the flowering phase was found in options with the treatment of plants with micro-fertilizers BorStart – 480.2 cm2/plant and Microstim Marganets – 475.3cm2/plant. The treatment of plants with micronutrients exceeded the control variant by weight of the aboveground mass in the phase of glaucous pods by 8.4–11.6%. The best results were obtained when treating plants with boric micro-fertilization (BorStart). Micro-fertilizers increased the yield of narrow-leaved lupin seeds in an average of 3 years from 0.16 to 0.38 t/ha compared with the control. The highest seed yield was when processing plants with chelated forms of micro-fertilizers – Novalon and MicroStim Marganets. The use of micro-fertilizers led to an increase in the content of crude ash and crude protein in lupin seeds.

Effect of stimulants to photosynthetic and symbiotic activity of indigofera tinctoria L. Plant

The article describes the application period and standards of various stimulants on photosynthetic and symbiotic activity of the nontraditional leguminous plant Indigofera (Indigofera tinctoria L.) during its cultivation in the conditions of the meadow alluvial soils of the Khorezm region of the northern are of Republic of Uzbekistan. When Indigofera is applied with Geohumat stimulator for at the rate of 1.0 l/t along with planting and 1.6 l/ha during the 3-4 true leaves and pruning periods of the growing season, the intensity of development increased, and it has been substantiated that the area of the leaf surface in one plant was 3675.0 cm2, compared to the control variant without the stimulant was 1286.3 cm2/plant. and 397.5 cm2/plant compared to the variant where Geohumat stimulator was used only with planting, photosynthetic potential has increased up to 92766.0 cm2/plant. In addition, when Geohumat stimulator is applied at acceptable rates along with planting and during the period of 3-4 true leaves of the growing season, up to 70 nodular bacteria are formed in one Indigofera root, and its positive effect on improving soil fertility is explained.

Biological activity of the mixture trinexapac ethyl and prohexadione calcium used with adjuvants in the winter wheat crops

Field experiments were conducted in 2019–2020 in the cultivation of winter wheat of the KWS Ozon variety. The growth retardant trinexapac ethyl + prohexadione calcium (TE + Pca) and its mixtures with adjuvants and citric acid were used in the BBCH 32/33 phase of winter wheat. The effectiveness of the growth retardant depended on the dose of the preparation, the type of adjuvant, and weather conditions. Lower average daily air temperatures favored the effectiveness of the full dose of the preparation. Different relationships were noted in variants in which TE + Pca was used at a reduced dose together with adjuvants and citric acid. Among the tested variants, the greatest shortening of the canopy was achieved after the use of a mixture of the retardant and the AS (ammonium salts of polybasic acids) adjuvant compared to the control and plots treated with a lower dose of the preparation. The method of application of the tested agent in most combinations did not have a significant impact on the yield and quality of the obtained grain in both years of the study. In the case of the mixture of TE + Pca retardant with AS adjuvant, inconclusive results were obtained. In 2019, a significant reduction in the weight of one thousand seeds was recorded compared to the control variant.

The effectiveness of using modern fertilizers when growing grape seedlings

The experiment was carried out in the conditions of the Rostov region in 2021-2022. The application of foliar fertilizing with modern preparations Fertigrain Foliar and Juss Argentum Agro was studied. The treatment was carried out when growing grafted grape seedlings of the Sibirkovy and Varyushkin varieties; the phylloxera-resistant variety Kober 5BB was used as a rootstock. Research has shown that the length of the mature part of the growth increases: from 21.0 cm to 54 cm for the Varyushkin variety; from 28.7 cm to 90.3 cm for the Sibirkovy variety; the diameter of one-year growth also increased in variants with the use of fertilizers: from 5.0 mm to 5.9 mm in seedlings of the Varyushkin grape variety; from 5.1 mm to 9.0 mm in seedlings of the Sibirkovy grape variety. The yield of seedlings from school in all variants with the use of drugs was higher than in the control variants for the two studied varieties. The use of foliar treatment ensured an increase in the yield of seedlings from a grape school by 12.5-25.1% (for the Sibirkovy variety) and 4.4-18.4% (for the Varyushkin variety).

Изучение токсичности отходов бурения методом биотестирования

The extraction of hydrocarbon raw materials has always been accompanied by a negative impact on environmental components. The object of the research is waste generated during the drilling process. The subject of the research is toxicity of drilling fluids for Daphnia magna. The urgency of the problem lies in solving the problem of their use and disposal. As a rule, these are multicomponent mixtures, which, when released into water bodies and soil cover, can exhibit toxic properties towards hydrobionts and pedofauna. The purpose of the research is to study the toxicity of drilling waste to the cladocera Daphnia magna. The objectives are as follows: to study the effect of drilling fluids on the survival of daphnia; determine the effect of the toxicant on the reproductive function of crustaceans. The article presents the results of a study of the effect of drilling waste on the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna. During the experiment, the effect on daphnia of the liquid phase of both the original drilling waste and in the dilution range of 1:1 – 1:100 was studied using biotesting. Acute and chronic toxicity (4 and 30 days, respectively) was assessed by changes in the survival and reproductive function of crustaceans. It has been determined that in a short experiment, by the 4th day of observation, 40 and 64 % of crustaceans survived in the variants with the maximum dilution (1:10 and 1:100, respectively) of the drilling fluid. In a chronic experiment, the survival rate of daphnia decreased in proportion to the substance content. The toxicity of drilling waste also manifested itself in disruption of the reproductive function of crustaceans: delayed onset of sexual maturity and a decrease in the total number of juveniles. Based on the conducted research, the following conclusions are obtained. Drilling fluids exhibit acute and chronic toxicity to Daphnia magna, reducing their survival by 40 % when the toxicant is diluted 10 and 100 times, respectively. The effect of drilling solutions on the reproductive function of crustaceans is manifested in the inhibition of the timing of puberty (by 2–3 days compared to the control variant) and the overall fertility of daphnia: the number of juveniles that has appeared by the 30th day of the experiment was lower than the control values by 33–50 % (depending on drilling fluid concentrations).

OAT ADAPTABILITY TO ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES AND TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS

Global climate changes cause the acceleration of environmental factors changes - temperature, unevenness of precipitation, drought, which has a significant effect on the yield. Food systems need expanded species biodiversity that are multifunctional in use and sufficiently tolerant to growing conditions. One of these cultures is oats which extremely valuable in human nutrition and provision fodder base. The purpose of the research is to establish the adaptability of oat varieties sowing under variable conditions of nutrition, thermal regime and moisture supply during the years of research. Field research with oat varieties was conducted during 2021-2023 in the stationary experiment of the Plant Breeding Department of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine in a separate subdivision "Agronomic Research Station" (Pshenychne village, Fastivskyi district, Kyiv region ) on typical low humus chernozems. Varieties of oats vary in terms of adaptability due to genetic and environmental characteristics and technological factors of cultivation. The analysis of environmental factors was carried out - thermal units accumulation, sums of active and effective temperatures, GTK for biologically active minima at the level +5C and +10C. It is proved that the ecological factors characteristic for growing oats are used for calculation indicators for the biological minimum of +5С. Sums of thermal accumulation units for the period March - July on average for the years 2021 - 2023 was 2229.7; active temperatures for a biologically active minimum of +5С –2004.2; active temperatures for biologically active minimum +10С–1768.5; effective temperatures for a biologically active minimum of +5С–1361.5; effective temperatures for the biologically active minimum +10C–797.1C. The adaptability of varieties was identified through their plasticity and stability. The plasticity of the varieties increased with an increase of macronutrients in combination with sulfur. Highly plastic and stable varieties are Ivory, Zubr, Legin Nosivskyi - the coefficient of plasticity is equal or exceeds 1 for all fertilizing systems. The Ivory variety is high plastic and stable and responds positively to improvement of nutrition conditions: coefficient of plasticity - 1.00 - 1.32, coefficient of stability - 0.00 - 0.037. The Neptune variety is low-plastic and unstable for almost every rates of fertilizers, except for combinations with sulfur. For the Svitanok variety was established a positive reaction to increasing the rates of macroelements in combination with sulfur - the plasticity coefficient increased from 0.65, the stability coefficient from 0.015 in the control variant to 1.70 and 0.018, respectively, for the introduction N120P120K120S45+N30. There was a similar reaction for the Zakat variety - coefficient increased from 0.86 in the control version to 1.44 with applying N120P120K120S45+ N30.

Fertilizer systems for detoxification of chernozem contaminated with heavy metals

On the podzolized chernozem, where the increased level of contamination with heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) was modeled, a certain dynamics of crop yields was observed. Mineral, organo-mineral and organic fertilizer systems in crop rotation were studied as a possibility of using detoxicants. The studied fertilizer systems increase the productivity of soil contaminated with heavy metals by 34 – 109%. The most effective fertilizer system (79.4 c/ha of feed units) turned out to be organo-mineral. When using only organic or mineral fertilizers, the efficiency decreased (27.9 – 55.5 c/ha of feed units) in relation to the control variant.

THE INFLUENCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE SOWING QUALITIES OF EUROPEAN LARCH SEEDS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE BOTANICAL GARDEN «PODILLYA»

The article highlights the main aspects of the use of growth regulators in the cultivation of European larch seedlings by seed. In the research material of the article, laboratory studies were conducted to determine the effect of different concentrations of growth regulators on the formation of germination and germination energy of European larch seeds. As a result of the research, it was found that the minimum concentration of agrostimulin also increased germination energy by 3.5 % and laboratory germination by 9.6 % compared to the control. It was determined that the use of higher concentrations of agrostimulin concentrations (1 and 2 ml/l) led to an increase in germination energy by 7.8 % and 11.5 %, respectively, and to an increase in germination rate by 14.7 % and 20 %. It was found that the concentration of 2.0 ml/l of emistim-C was the most effective, increasing germination energy by 12.1% compared to the control variant, and laboratory germination reached its maximum value at a concentration of 2 ml/l and exceeded the control by 15.9%. The study revealed that an increase in the concentration of PABA solutions contributes to an increase in germination energy and laboratory germination of European larch seeds. The most pronounced effect is observed at a concentration of 100 mg/l and is 59.6 % and 72.8 %, respectively. The results of the study show that solutions of Triman-1 in concentrations of 25 mg/l and 50 mg/l have a positive effect on germination energy, increasing it by 9% and 9.9% and laboratory germination of European larch seeds by 12.3% and 13.9%, respectively. Also in the course of the research, it was determined that excessive concentrations of different types of growth regulators gave insignificant results compared to the control, which indicates the ineffectiveness of their use.