INFLUENCE OF PRE-SOWING SEED TREATMENT WITH BIOPREPARATIONS ON THE YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST STEPPE

Abstract

Pre-sowing seed treatment is one of the elements of crop cultivation technology and is widely used in grain production in the Vinnytsia region. The article presents the three-year results of the influence of preparations of different composition, which are used for seed treatment, on the yield and structure of the winter wheat crop. To establish a field experiment at the research site of the research farm "Agronomichne" VNAU village. Agronomic Vinnytsia district, seeds of the medium-ripening variety Skagen were treated with the following biological preparations: "Avicena, SE" in a dose of 0,4 l/t, "Azotophyt-r" – 0,8 l/t, "Organic balance" - 1 l/t, "Help Rost" – 1 l/t, a combination of growth regulator and poisoner "Azotophyt" – 0,8 l/t + "Avicena SE" – 0,4 l/t, "Organic balance" – 1 l/t + "Avicena, SE" – 0,4 l/t and "Help Rost" – 1 l/t + "Avicena, SE" – 0,4 l/t. In the course of the research, the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with poison and growth regulators on the index of productive tillering, which in the control variant was 1,8 stems/plant, was noted. When used for pre-sowing seed inoculation of biopreparations Azotophyt and Organic balance, productive tillering was 2.1 stems/plant, which was 0,3 stems/plant more than the data obtained on the control variant without treatment. A similar result was observed in the variant that involved sowing seeds treated with the combination of Organic Balance + Avicena, SE. The pre-sowing treatment of Skagen winter wheat seeds with biological preparations, a poison and their combined use had a positive effect on the elements of the crop structure. The number of grains from a plant in the options that provided for the treatment of seeds with biopreparations Azotophyt-r, Organic Balance and Help Rost was on average 34,5-35,3 pcs., which is 1,4-2,3 pcs. exceeded this indicator in the control. The highest yield of the crop - 6.18 t/ha was recorded with the combined pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat seeds with a mixture of Organic Balance (1 l/t) + Avicen, SE (0,4 l/t). Compared to the control option, the increase in grain yield was 1,12 t/ha, and the conditional net profit was UAH 8,866, with a profitability level of 40,2%.