Finite State Machine Control Research Articles

Modeling, Simulation, and Kinematic Validation of Transfemoral Prosthetic Mechanism With Ankle Varus–Valgus Characteristic

Abstract Inspired by the kinesiology of human bionic joints, a transfemoral prosthetic mechanism based on a functional structure of parallel mechanism is developed for the transfemoral amputees. The walking interactive simulation is implemented based on human-prosthesis modeling to verify the kinematics of the designed prosthetic mechanism, as well as to explore compatibility between the amputees and prosthesis. Then, simulation-based prosthetic optimization is performed to pursue an optimized human-prosthesis model with economic metabolic consumption while eliminating compatibility errors including the joints' misalignment error between the affected limb and healthy limb, and the assembly error between human and prosthesis, so that the potential physical health problems can be avoided efficiently. This method is valuable for the optimal design of interactive rehabilitation robots. Finally, a developed proportional-integral-derivative-based (PID-based) finite-state machine (FSM) strategy is used, and the kinematic validation is carried out. The results show that the designed prosthesis possesses ankle varus–valgus characteristic, and it has a high human-like motion accuracy due to the FSM control can track prosthetic motion in each gait event. What's more, the prosthetic optimization can be an efficient method to enhance the biomechanical performance of human-prosthetic model so that the amputees have a more natural and symmetry gait.

Centralized Finite State Machine Control to Increase the Production Rate in a Crusher Circuit

Crushing is a critical operation in mineral processing, and its efficient performance is vital for minimizing energy consumption, maximizing productivity, and maintaining product quality. However, due to variations in feed material characteristics and safety constraints, achieving the intended circuit performance can be challenging. In this study, a centralized control strategy based on a finite state machine (FSM) is developed to improve the operations of an iron ore crushing circuit. The aim is to increase productivity by manipulating the closed-side-setting (CSS) of cone crushers and the speed of an apron feeder while considering intermediate storage silo levels and cone crusher power limits, as well as product quality. A dynamic simulation was conducted to compare the proposed control strategy with the usual practice of setting CSS to a constant value. Four scenarios were analyzed based on variations in bond work index (BWI) and particle size distribution. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy increased average productivity by 6.88% and 48.77% when compared to the operation with a constant CSS of 38 mm and 41 mm, respectively. The proposed strategy resulted in smoother oscillation without interlocking, and it maintained constant flow rates. This ultimately improved circuit reliability and predictability, leading to reduced maintenance costs.

Fast Transient State Trajectory Control for Switched-Capacitor-Based Resonant Converter

This paper presents a state trajectory control scheme for switched-capacitor-based resonant converter consisting of two half-bridge circuits with four switches. The proposed technique can not only bring improved dynamic response of output voltage regulation, but ensure that the converter benefits from soft-switching operation. The analysis in the two state planes provides insight into the switching modes of the converter and creates an accurate behavior framework in the geometrical domain. As a result, a finite state-machine controller is designed based on the planning of the state trajectories. The switching conditions are exploited to obtain fast start-up and step-load transient responses. The proposed control method is verified with experimental results of a 14.5V, 5.8A converter prototype.

Повышение эффективности электропривода электровоза с управляемым преобразователем возбуждения тяговых двигателей

Purpose: To substantiate the circuit design and algorithms for individual smooth and automatic control of single-phase direct current electric locomotives according to the laws of constant traction force and constant power without breaking the electric locomotive power circuits in order to increase the efficiency of its electric drive with controllable traction motor excitation converters. As a circuit design solution, it is proposed to apply a power electrical circuit with two rectifier-inverter converters for each section of the electric locomotive for bogie-based traction control, as well as individually controlled bridge transistor converters, shunting field windings, for axial traction control within each bogie. Methods: The development of circuit solutions using modern power semiconductor converters; theory of automatic control and design of finite state machines; mathematical modeling of electromagnetic, electromechanical and mechanical processes. Results: The developed control algorithms provide the possibility of obtaining traction characteristics of an electric locomotive that vary according to the laws of constancy of traction force or constancy of power, bringing the traction characteristics of electric locomotives with collector traction motors to the characteristics of electric locomotives with asynchronous traction motors. The calculations performed confirmed the possibility of implementing an algorithm for individual control of traction motor currents and their excitation currents, as well as traction forces, which ensures a smooth increase in the traction force of an electric locomotive.Practical significance: The developed technical solutions applicable in the manufacture of modern and modernization of operated electric locomotives will ensure an increase in the traction properties of singlephase DC electric locomotives and will contribute to an increase in the throughput and carrying capacity of the railway network.

Model-Reference Adaptive Control of Finite State Machines With Respect to States: A Matrix-Based Approach

To control a system with model uncertainty, adaptive control is an available approach. In this paper we investigate adaptive control in the field of finite state machines with respect to states. The task of the adaptive control is to synthesize an unfixed-parameter controller that invokes an adaptive law to realize a desired behavior. Especially, the adaptive law relies on a reference model. Thus, the title of model-reference adaptive control is adopted. We derive a sufficient and necessary condition for the existence of such an adaptive controller. Based on the condition, the corresponding controller design problem is resolved. As the design process, semi-tensor product of matrices is the core mathematical tool. Thus, for finite state machines with respect to states, model-reference adaptive control is incorporated into the framework of semi-tensor product of matrices.

Data-Driven Variable Impedance Control of a Powered Knee-Ankle Prosthesis for Adaptive Speed and Incline Walking.

Most impedance-based walking controllers for powered knee-ankle prostheses use a finite state machine with dozens of user-specific parameters that require manual tuning by technical experts. These parameters are only appropriate near the task (e.g., walking speed and incline) at which they were tuned, necessitating many different parameter sets for variable-task walking. In contrast, this paper presents a data-driven, phase-based controller for variable-task walking that uses continuously-variable impedance control during stance and kinematic control during swing to enable biomimetic locomotion. After generating a data-driven model of variable joint impedance with convex optimization, we implement a novel task-invariant phase variable and real-time estimates of speed and incline to enable autonomous task adaptation. Experiments with above-knee amputee participants (N=2) show that our data-driven controller 1) features highly-linear phase estimates and accurate task estimates, 2) produces biomimetic kinematic and kinetic trends as task varies, leading to low errors relative to able-bodied references, and 3) produces biomimetic joint work and cadence trends as task varies. We show that the presented controller meets and often exceeds the performance of a benchmark finite state machine controller for our two participants, without requiring manual impedance tuning.

Battery management system enhancement for lithium-ions battery cells using switched shunt resistor approach based on finite state machine control algorithm

Due to their favorable characteristics, lithium-ion batteries have a dominant share of the battery market. There are a number of issues related to the use and management of Lithium-ion batteries in this paper, specifically with regard to the safe operation of the batteries as well as methods for balancing their cells. With the help of a passive cell balancing algorithm and a cell measurement circuit, a battery management system with a passive cell balancing algorithm has been developed. The purpose of this paper is to improve the efficiency of the balancing algorithm by implementing and analyzing a cell modelling method from the literature, with the aim of improving its performance. The results of this study showed that the use of the cell modelling system was able to improve the balancing algorithm’s balancing and charging times by 12.6%. Further, to validate the results obtained from the measurement system and the cell modelling system, an analysis was conducted of uncertainty propagation in order to validate the results. As part of future research, broader testing conditions may be used in order to better understand the positive impact of the cell modelling system on the balancing algorithm in the future.

(Retracted) Virtual reality painting dexterous hand gesture control algorithm and simulation

With the expansion of the application field of robots and the complexity of the work environment and tasks, ordinary robots and various simple end-holding devices that cooperate with them are far from being able to meet the requirements of various dexterity and fine operation tasks. Immersion means that the process of painting is virtual immersion; the expression requirement for painting must be immersive. This research mainly discusses the posture control algorithm and simulation of dexterous hand in virtual reality painting. The research combines the related theoretical basis of the dexterous hand posture control algorithm with VR painting, and explores the immersive experience characteristics brought by VR immersive painting. This research will focus on the three aspects of the action state pattern recognition based on the surface electromyogram (EMG) signal, the algorithm of the dexterous hand virtual control system, and the simulation of the bionic dexterous hand EMG control system. The collection and processing of the surface EMG signal of the forearm were completed. The experiment verified the effectiveness and accuracy of the surface EMG signal feature extraction, feature dimensionality reduction, and classification algorithm, and realized the pattern recognition of eight action states. Using musculoskeletal simulation software and a finite state machine control model, an intelligent bionic dexterous hand virtual control system was established, which realized offline gesture recognition and performance evaluation of the virtual control system. In the environment of large time delay, many painting experiments were carried out, the tasks were successfully completed, and the average completion time was about 4 min. At this stage, most of the finger structures of dexterous hands are in series, and the accumulated error is large, which greatly affects the accuracy of dexterous hands. VR painting is an innovative form of painting with potential space in the future. The results of this research and exploration can reflect the potential possibilities of future painting creation forms.

Quadratic utility function-based energy management strategy for electric vehicle considering degradation of fuel cells and batteries

The vehicle economy and durability of power sources are strongly affected by the energy management strategy (EMS). In order to balance the economy and durability, this paper proposes a novel EMS based on the quadratic utility function (QUF). Degradation models of fuel cells and batteries are first established. The QUF and finite state machine (FSM) are then used to decompose the demand current into the output current of fuel cells and batteries. In order to improve the power sources durability and the economy of the vehicle, the actual output characteristics and current change of fuel cells are considered in the QUF, in which the key coefficients are determined and optimized using the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) algorithm and the pareto solution set. The simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can efficiently improve the durability of fuel cells and batteries, reduce the hydrogen consumption and extend the driving range. Compared with the FSM control strategy, the proposed strategy can reduce the degradation of the batteries by 19.4%, and extend the driving range by 1.2% under the WLTC driving cycle. Finally, compared with the fuzzy control strategy, the proposed strategy can reduce the degradation of the fuel cells by 52.1%, and extend the driving range by 3.0% under the WLTC driving cycle.

Motion Modeling and Control of Lower Limb Exoskeleton Based on Max-Plus Algebra

Max-plus algebra is a special method to describe the discrete event system. In this paper, it is introduced to describe the motion of lower limb exoskeleton. Based on the max-plus algebra and the timed event graph, the walking process of exoskeleton is modelled. The max-plus algebra approach can describe the logical sequence and safety condition in the walking process, which cannot be achieved via other conventional modelling approaches. The autonomous control of lower limb exoskeleton system is studied via the model based on max-plus algebra. In the end, an FSM (finite state machine) controller embedded with the max-plus algebra model is proposed, and the experiments show ideal speed and gait/phase period control effect, as well as the good safety and stable performance.

IECA: An In-Execution Configuration CNN Accelerator With 30.55 GOPS/mm² Area Efficiency

It remains challenging for a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) accelerator to maintain high hardware utilization and low processing latency with restricted on-chip memory. This paper presents an In-Execution Configuration Accelerator (IECA) that realizes an efficient control scheme, exploring architectural data reuse, unified in-execution controlling, and pipelined latency hiding to minimize configuration overhead out of the computation scope. The proposed IECA achieves row-wise convolution with tiny distributed buffers and reduces the size of total on-chip memory by removing 40% of redundant memory storage with shared delay chains. By exploiting a reconfigurable Sequence Mapping Table (SMT) and Finite State Machine (FSM) control, the chip realizes cycle-accurate Processing Element (PE) control, automatic loop tiling and latency hiding without extra time slots for pre-configuration. Evaluated on AlexNet and VGG-16, the IECA retains over 97.3% PE utilization and over 95.6% memory access time hiding on average. The chip is designed and fabricated in a UMC 55-nm process running at a frequency of 250 MHz and achieves an area efficiency of 30.55 GOPS/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 0.244 GOPS/KGE (kilo-gate-equivalent), which makes an over <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.0\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.1\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> improvement, respectively, compared with that of previous related works. Implementation of the IEC control scheme uses only a 0.55% area of the 2.75 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> core.

Analysis of Hybrid and Plug-In Hybrid Alternative Propulsion Systems for Regional Diesel-Electric Multiple Unit Trains

This paper presents a simulation-based analysis of hybrid and plug-in hybrid propulsion system concepts for diesel-electric multiple unit regional railway vehicles. These alternative concepts primarily aim to remove emissions in terminal stops with longer stabling periods, with additional benefits reflected in the reduction of overall fuel consumption, produced emissions, and monetary costs. The alternative systems behavior is modeled using a backward-looking quasi-static simulation approach, with the implemented energy management strategy based on a finite state machine control. A comparative assessment of alternative propulsion systems is carried out in a case study of a selected regional railway line operated by Arriva, the largest regional railway undertaking in the Netherlands. The conversion of a standard diesel-electric multiple unit vehicle, currently operating on the network, demonstrated a potential GHG reduction of 9.43–56.92% and an energy cost reduction of 9.69–55.46%, depending on the type of service (express or stopping), energy storage technology selection (lithium-ion battery or double-layer capacitor), electricity production (green or grey electricity), and charging facilities configuration (charging in terminal stations with or without additional charging possibility during short intermediate stops) used. As part of a bigger project aiming to identify optimal transitional solutions towards emissions-free trains, the outcomes of this study will help in the future fleet planning.

New Normal After Education Game Design Pandemic Uses Approaches Agile Scrum Application of Finite State Machine (FSM) Method

Game is an application that infers human behavior into software, and players who play the game feel they are entering the game world. Games can be used as a medium for information and education. The current rise of Covid-19 requires every individual to implement health protocols in their daily life. This term is called new normal. New normal is a change in behavior to continue carrying out normal activities but with the addition of implementing health protocols to prevent Covid-19 transmission. Unfortunately, in everyday life, the application of the new normal is less effective so that in one area, new cases have emerged and the PSBB must be re-applied. The new normal themed educational game can be a fun information medium for the community, with the New Normal After Pandemic educational game, it is hoped that it can educate the public in implementing health protocol rules. This game was created using Construct 2 software because it is based on HTML 5 which is specifically for 2D platforms. 2D designs are created using Corel Draw X7, Easy Paint Tools SAI and Adobe Photoshop. The final result of this study is a game application that applies the FSM (Finite State Machine) control system design method in each level rule and uses the Agile Scrum system development method with a process of 2x sprint iterations

Design of Single Input Multiple Output Buck Converter with Light Load Efficiency

The major demand for portable electronics devices such as pagers, laptops, cellular phones etc. Single input multiple output (SIMO) converter will be proposed to give different supply voltages while keep up prolong battery life. A single-discharge (SDC) control scheme is introduce to simplify the Single inductor multiple output design, attain to low cross regulation, and to support board range of loads with decent efficiency of power. A Single discharge control single input multiple output buck converter with 4 outputs composed of comparators, phased-locked loop, finite state machine (FSM) controller, and an output stage. In addition to the basic switching functions, the FSM controller provides a state skipping feature to allow no-load regulation. Single input multiple output converter is available for less cost and used for maintaining long battery life and they are growing in vast range with rich feature portable electronic device. The design of converter is designed for limited range for prolonged battery life. The SIMO converters are used for the reduction of cost and switching losses, hence improve system efficiency. In our study, we proposed buck converter topology with single input of 24v and multiple output of 12v and 5v. The 12v voltage is used for electric vehicles. In electric vehicles it is used in horns and headlights. 5v voltage is used for small signal and stability analysis. The simulated conversion efficiency for peak power is 86% the power ranging for output is 50 to 300mW. The ICs exhibit has a low measured peak efficiency of 73% and cross regulation of 0.24 mV/mA because of parasitic bond wire resistance. The proposed system is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software.

Adaptive controllers for grid-connected DC microgrids

Droop technique is extensively adopted in dc microgrids, for both islanded and grid-connected modes of operation. However, voltage regulation and proper current sharing are considered as the major challenges in droop techniques. Moreover, changes in system parameters and wide load demand variations degrade the operational performance and the efficiency of the dc microgrid. In this paper, a finite-state-machine (FSM) based controller for the inner loop of microgrid converters is utilized. Although the FSM controller operates in voltage mode and requires no current sensors, the dynamic performance of the microgrid converters is limited. Thus, a distributed consensus output voltage tracking based on the performance recovery controller is presented which adopts nonlinear observers for the microgrid converters to account for model uncertainties and disturbances due to parameters variations. The dynamic performance and robustness of the FSM controller and performance recovery controller are assessed using PSCAD/EMTDC simulation. Moreover, a comparative study with the classical Proportional-Integral (PI) controller is presented, considering both rating-based and cost-based current sharing schemes of the dc microgrids.

DESIGN TIMED FSM WITH VHDL MOORE PATTERN

Context. The relevance of the work consists in the development of computer-aided design methods for automatic real-time logic control devices by developing a single template in a synthesized subset of the hardware description language in the style of automatabased programming with implementation on the PLD hardware platform (FPGA, CPLD). Development of the description template for timed control finite state machines (FSM) in the hardware description language VHDL, automated synthesis and implementation of the model in PLD (FPGAs, CPLDs) using Xilinx ISE, subsequent analysis of the received circuit implementation for compliance with values of timing parameters of the circuit after implementation.Objective. The aim of the work is to develop principles for constructing models of timed control FSM in the VHDL hardware description language. In this work, we solved the problem of constructing a pattern for describing models of timed control Moore FSM using VHDL, automated synthesis and implementation of the obtained VHDL model in PLDs (FPGA, CPLD) using Xilinx ISE and subsequent analysis of the resulting circuit implementation for compliance with values of timing parameters of the circuit after implementation.Method. Realization of models’ parameters of timed FSM in logical control systems using VHDL statements. Development of VHDL language constructions of timed FSM models for timing parameters implementation that provide the correct automated synthesis and implementation of these models in PLDs (FPGA, CPLD) using CAD tools Xilinx ISE.Results. Synthesis and implementation of proposed templates of VHDL-models of timed control Moore FSM in logic control systems by XILINX ISE CAD tools confirmed the receipt of not redundant circuits in PLD (FPGA, CPLD), and simulation after implementation showed the efficiency of such models.Conclusions. The work solves the problem of computer-aided design of timed control FSM in real-time logic control systems. To solve this problem, VHDL-models of timed control Moore FSM were developed, which made it possible to implement control FSM with time constraints, timeouts and output delays. Automated synthesis and simulation of VHDL models based on the developed templates confirmed the efficiency and correctness of the proposed models.The scientific novelty of the work consists in the further development of methods for constructing templates of HDL models of timed control Moore FSM, which made it possible to implement control FSM with time constraints, timeouts and output delays, as well as perform their correct automated synthesis and simulation.The practical value of results is in the development of procedures for constructing VHDL models of timed Moore control FSM in real-time logic control systems, which made it possible to automate the synthesis of control FSM taking into account the possibility of processing external events and implementing arbitrary delays for output signals and to increase the flexibility and speed of designed systems. The developed procedures can be useful for designers of timed control FSM in Xilinx ISE.

Center-Articulated Hydrostatic Cotton Harvesting Rover Using Visual-Servoing Control and a Finite State Machine

Multiple small rovers can repeatedly pick cotton as bolls begin to open until the end of the season. Several of these rovers can move between rows of cotton, and when bolls are detected, use a manipulator to pick the bolls. To develop such a multi-agent cotton-harvesting system, each cotton-harvesting rover would need to accomplish three motions: the rover must move forward/backward, turn left/right, and the robotic manipulator must move to harvest cotton bolls. Controlling these actions can involve several complex states and transitions. However, using the robot operating system (ROS)-independent finite state machine (SMACH), adaptive and optimal control can be achieved. SMACH provides task level capability for deploying multiple tasks to the rover and manipulator. In this study, a center-articulated hydrostatic cotton-harvesting rover, using a stereo camera to locate end-effector and pick cotton bolls, was developed. The robot harvested the bolls by using a 2D manipulator that moves linearly horizontally and vertically perpendicular to the direction of the rover’s movement. We demonstrate preliminary results in an environment simulating direct sunlight, as well as in an actual cotton field. This study contributes to cotton engineering by presenting a robotic system that operates in the real field. The designed robot demonstrates that it is possible to use a Cartesian manipulator for the robotic harvesting of cotton; however, to reach commercial viability, the speed of harvest and successful removal of bolls (Action Success Ratio (ASR)) must be improved.

Enhanced appearance-based finger detection and tracking using finite state machine control

Real-time finger detection and tracking systems have been growing rapidly in the past decade. Among those methods, Appearance-based and Model-based methods have produced excellent results. However, the occlusion issue is one of the main challenges in this field. In this study, we address this issue by considering the repeating-finite gestures of a guitar-strumming or a hand puppet and, represent using a Finite State Machine model. Also we proposed a novel finger pose tracking system using FSM Model combining with the appearance-based method.. The proposed system consists of two parts: FSM-FT builder creates the FSM hand, and the FSM-FT runner controls the FSM-FT system. Empirically, we conducted an experimental study involving one sample repeating hand gesture and our approach achieved a significance recognition rate of 82% in the testing phase.

High throughput and low area architectures of secure IoT algorithm for medical image encryption

The favor that lightweight encryption algorithms have gained over the recent years regarding data and image security in a resource constrained environment of the smart device sort in Internet of Things (IoT) is undeniable. Secure IoT (SIT) is a popular encryption algorithm that tends to consume less hardware resources due to simple operation, which serves a welcome advantage, since it is precisely the reduction of area and power consumption. In this paper, high-speed and low-area architectures are proposed for SIT algorithm under resource constrained applications. The proposed pipelined architecture is useful in high frequency applications, and proposed serial architecture is useful for low area requirement, leads to reduce the cost incurred on hardware. The proposed design can support four different block sizes of an input medical ultrasonic image, namely 32 × 32, 64 × 64, 128 × 128 and 256 × 256 along with Finite State Machine (FSM) controller. The dynamic size of block selection technique saves significant amount of clock cycles during image encryption. The proposed designs have implemented in FPGA XC5VLX50T-3ff1136 device and achieved maximum operating frequency of 287.51 MHz in pipelined architecture and number of slices 46 in serial architecture. PRESENT is an efficient lightweight block cipher having 73 slices in serial architecture whereas proposed serial architecture provides 58.69% improvement in area. LEA is a popular Feistel block cipher generates maximum frequency of 217 MHz in pipelined architecture, but at the same time proposed pipelined architecture provides 32.25% enhancement in speed.

ЦИФРОВІ КОМПАРАТОРИ ЧАСТОТИ ТА ФАЗИ В СКЛАДІ СИСТЕМИ СТАБІЛІЗАЦІЇ ПОЛОЖЕННЯ РУХОМОЇ ПЛАТФОРМИ

Urgency of the research. A dual-range, four-quadrant position stabilization system (PSS) of a brushless direct current motor (BLDC) as a part of movable platform (MP), in which the power stage is based on a quasi-resonant pulse converter (QRPC), has the better speed and accuracy characteristics in comparison with hard-switching PWM-based converters. Target setting. The BLDC PSS can be built on the basis of the classic multi-loop control system (MLCS), or on the pulse-frequency (PF-) domain. In PF-domain the task of speed control is transformed into the frequency comparing and matching task, and the position control is transformed into the phasecomparing and matching between the reference signal and the feedback signal. The development of specialized digital blocks of a frequency comparator (FK) and a phase comparator (PC) to perform the above tasks is a non-trivial task. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The earliest solutions of the FC, which should be correctly called the ‘frequency detector’ (FD), were implemented mixed-signal (contained both analog and digital nodes) due to their usage in a high-frequency phase-locked loop (PLL) system. A full-featured FC consists of two counters, comparator, a FD block, control finite-state machine (FSM), and a specialized combinational circuit. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. Existing FC blocks do not return a quantitative relation between measured frequencies, which can be used to predict dynamics, and are insensitive to the detection of small misalignments between frequencies, that, in turn, creates instability of determining the frequencies equality state. Existing PC blocks are unstable when the frequency of one of the measured signals reaches the system clock frequency, and also do not take into account the edges incoming order of the measured signals. The research objective. The article is devoted to the study and development of the structure of pure-digital FC and PC blocks, which will eliminate the disadvantages of existing solutions and are oriented for integration into PSS with QRPC in the power stage and MLCS operates in a PF-domain. The statement of basic materials. A novel technical solutions is proposed, developed and tested for pure-digital blocks of the FC and PC built on the basis of the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) by means of the hardware description language (VHDL). They allow not only to measure the sign of the inequality of frequency and phase between two periodic signals, but also to obtain the difference numerical values between them. Conclusions. The installation of the FC and PC blocks into the BLDC PSS leads to a significant reducing of FPGA hardware resources utilization and to the high reliability and noise immunity of the MLCS through the unruptured (continiously) nature of the signals. Both the proposed blocks are novel and have eliminated the inherent disadvantages of the existing blocks of the FC and PC due to the installation of additional digital nodes − synchronizers (pulse shorters and edge detectors), and also a hysteresis node that leads to increase the stability and solve the problem of detection near-to-equal frequencies and phases.