Construction Of Tanks Research Articles

MEDIUM SIZE LNG TANKER LUBRICATING SYSTEM HEAT EXCHANGER (COOLER) ANALYSIS

As part of the project, the necessary steps are taken to carry out a calculation of a main engine lubrication system fitted on board an LNG tank vessel with a capacity of 45,000 dwt. The validation of the system is achieved by using a calculation program based on finite element theory (CFD). This is a new ship with a series of innovations regarding the construction of the cargo tanks, which was built in 2018. For sure, this engine is a dual fuel type, powered by marine fuel and natural gas. A general description of the naval lubrication system is made, then a specific calculation is performed for the essentials, such as: the main oil pump, the oil storage tanks, the oil separator, the oil filters and the oil cooler. Next, the focus is on the oil cooler, which is considered an essential part of the installation. In the first part of chapter five it is described in detail, from a constructive and functional point of view, then, using the Ansys program, the corresponding calculation is performed to verify it. A model is made according to the geometrical characteristics, then a series of specific simulations are performed. The main purpose of the simulation is to determine de operational behaviour of this heat exchanger from a temperature point of view and to establish its optimal operational status. This cand be done by establishing a proper simulation model and by conducting a precise simulation stage focused and key parameters. As noted in the final part of this study the temperature contour in the heat exchanger for cooled oil flows form minimum 291 0K to maximum 363 0K, this being its optima operational limit.

Presentation of some of the results of a research project mapping the development of the construction of elevated water tanks in the Czech Republic

Presentation of some of the results of a research project mapping the development of the construction of elevated water tanks in the Czech Republic

Concrete based molten salt storage tanks

High-temperature molten salt mixtures such as chloride-based salts have been widely investigated in recent years as alternate thermal energy storage media since they can enable higher temperature power cycles with higher thermodynamic efficiencies in concentrated solar power plants. They can also be used to decarbonize industrial processes requiring high-grade heat for industries located in electrical grids with increasing penetration of intermittent renewable energy. However, molten salts in general, and chloride salts in particular, are highly corrosive towards metals and thus require special stainless steel grades for storage tank construction. These grades, such as nickel-based alloys, can be up to four times more expensive than a regular grade stainless steel. Therefore, the primary cost driver for high-temperature chloride salts is the tank material instead of the salt itself which limits the commissioning of high-temperature thermal energy storage plants. Until now, a low-cost tank material which can effectively overcome the problems associated with molten salts operating above 670 °C has not been reported. In this work, we present low-cost engineered concrete-based thermal energy storage tanks for molten salts capable of operating at high temperatures even in corrosive environments. The engineered concrete composites are developed using commercially available additives and coatings. Tank prototypes, filled with moderate-temperature nitrate salts, are rigorously tested under thermal cycling conditions to demonstrate that the tanks can effectively withstand thermal shocks experienced during daily salt charge/discharge cycles. Moreover, salt diffusion through the porous concrete walls is shown to be suppressed by using external coatings. Finally, the compatibility of engineered composites with high-temperature chloride salts is qualitatively evaluated under a high-flux solar simulator.

EVALUASI PENJADWALAN WAKTU DAN BIAYA PROYEK MENGGUNAKAN METODE CPM DAN KURVA S (STUDI KASUS: MODIFIKASI PEMBUATAN TANGKI P-4)

The project development process related to scheduling and cost budgeting in the project scheduling process is often not in accordance with field conditions, causing delays in its completion. Budget costs related to progress are generally directly proportional to scheduling. The tank construction project currently underway is the Refinery Development Master Plan (RDMP) project, namely Tank Modification carried out by contractor PT XYZ. The construction of the tank that will be evaluated is the P-4 tank with a duration of 252 days. The P-4 tank is a tank that functions as a container of crude oil with a diameter of 39 meters by 12.8 meters, and has been used for approximately 30 years, so it requires rejuvenation or modification that requires special handling considering that the modification of the tank is in the middle of the area or operating refinery unit. The method in the evaluation uses work scheduling and the budget for the construction of the P4 tank. The scheduling method takes into account the factors of rainfall intensity, labor and the Critical Path Method. Meanwhile, the additional cost budget will be reviewed in the S curve (S-curve) of the project. In evaluating scheduling, the rainfall factor is the main contributor resulting in the delay of the completion schedule or work completion date as much as 16%. Based on the analysis using the Critical Path Method (CPM), the realization of the project was 22 days late from the initial planning of the work. Despite the delay in the tank construction schedule, this does not affect the budget.

Students’ Level of Achievement and Communication Skills Through Project-Based Learning (PBL) Approach: ‘My Roller-Coaster’ In Science Learning

In moving towards world-class education, Malaysia needs to bring about a change that will impact the world of education. Therefore, the Ministry of Education Malaysia (MOE) has examined the things that need to be implemented and strive to succeed. In line with the goals and times, KPM has implemented 21st-century learning (PAK21) starting in 2014. PAK21 is said to be a student-centred learning process. Several elements are applied as the basic standards in PAK21, namely communication, collaboration, critical thinking, creativity, and the application of values and ethics. One pedagogical approach that stimulates 21st-century learning (PAK21) is the project-based learning approach (PBP). PBP is a long-term approach that celebrates students' abilities, thinking skills, and talents by producing artefacts or products such as posters, disinfectants, construction of hurricane tanks, drama staging, and more. The main objective of this study was to identify the improvement of students' communication skills through project-based learning (PBL) approach: 'My Roller-Coaster' in science learning. This study is analyzed descriptively and uses a quantitative approach. The study sample consisted of 40 Form 3 students who took the Secondary School Standard Curriculum (KSSM). This study showed a difference in the level of achievement of Science subjects between the treatment group and the control group in the post-test with 53.4%. In contrast, the improvement in the treatment group's achievement level was more significant than the control group, with a mean difference of the treatment group (8.3) compared to the control group (4.8). The findings also showed an improvement in the communication skills of the treatment group (PBL) by 82.9%. Studies show that the PBP approach can improve students' communication skills and increase the level of achievement in science learning. Thus, the PBP: 'My Roller-Coaster' approach can be used to complement science learning in the classroom.

Relationship between Pollutant Sources and Water Quality of Dug Well Based on Biological Parameters of E. Coli

Water from dug wells is one of the sources of clean water used by the community both in villages and cities. Groundwater consumed by the community must have quality in accordance with the specified requirements. One of the important parameters is the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria (E.coli). The aims of this study is to identify the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria in dug well. In addition, to determine the correlation between the distance of the pollutant source (cowshed and septic tank) and the well. The analytical method used is univariate descriptive method and quantitative analysis. The results showed from 7 wells that were used as research objects, there were 4 wells positive for E. Coli bacteria and 3 wells were negative for E. Coli bacteria. The correlation value test showed that the pollutant source from cowshed had a coefficient of determination of R 2 = 0.911 or 91.1% which means that there is a strong relationship between the presence of E.Coli bacteria in the well and cow dung. As for the pollutant source from the septic tank, the results of the correlation test show the value of R 2 = 0.201 or 20.1% which means that the relationship between the presence of E. Coli bacteria and the septic tank is not strong. Septic tanks construction that conform to standards are one of the factors that cause dug well water quality to remain protected from pollutants.

Economic Analysis of Flood Risk Applied to the Rehabilitation of Drainage Networks

Over time, cities have grown, developing various activities and accumulating important economic assets. Floods are a problem that worry city administrators who seek to make cities more resilient and safer. This increase in flood events is due to different causes: poor planning, population increase, aging of networks, etc. However, the two main causes for the increase in urban flooding are the increment in frequency of extreme rainfall, generated mainly by climate change, and the increase in urbanized areas in cities, which reduce green areas, decreasing the percentage of water that seeps naturally into the soil. As a contribution to solve these problems, the work presented shows a method to rehabilitate drainage networks that contemplates implementing different actions in the network: renovation of pipes, construction of storm tanks and installation of hydraulic controls. This work focuses on evaluating the flood risk in economic terms. To achieve this, the expected annual damage from floods and the annual investments in infrastructure to control floods are estimated. These two terms are used to form an objective function to be minimized. To evaluate this objective function, an optimization model is presented that incorporates a genetic algorithm to find the best solutions to the problem; the hydraulic analysis of the network is performed with the SWMM model. This work also presents a strategy to reduce computation times by reducing the search space focused mainly on large networks. This is intended to show a complete and robust methodology that can be used by managers and administrators of drainage networks in cities.

Improving Grounding System for Oil Tanks Using Finite Element Method, Taking into Account the Frequency Dependence of Soil Parameters

This work was devoted to the development of a simulation model of the grounding and lightning protection system for oil tanks, taking into account the frequency dependence of soil parameters, where we, based on the equations mentioned in previous studies, designed a grounding model for an oil tank taking into account the frequency dependence of soil parameters by using the finite elements method. and for different configurations, where it was observed that the grounding potential rise GPR was significantly reduced at high frequencies, especially in the case of high soil resistivity, the percentage of decrease in the grounding potential rise in the case of dry soil for the studied site 1266.65 Ω.m and for wet soil 596.27 Ω.m, respectively, 22.8% and 23.8%, respectively. and it was pointed out the necessity of conducting soil resistivity measurements before the tank construction process, and the need to use the network configuration of the oil tank grounding model in some cases where the soil resistivity is high and it is difficult to eliminate the effect of lightning current with the typical design mentioned in NFPA 780 for tank grounding.

Doing ‘coolie’ work in a ‘gentlemanly’ way: Gender and caste on the famine public works in colonial North India

AbstractThe second half of the nineteenth century was marked by regular famines and scarcities in India, and famine public works were one of the chief ways for the colonial state to provide relief. Famine public works involved labourers, including a large number of women, working in the construction of railways, roads, canals, and tanks in return for a subsistence wage. The present article contextualizes the practices of famine public works, especially the segregation of famine public works into large departmental and village works, within the intersecting processes of labour, caste, and gender. Drawing on evidence from North Western Provinces and Punjab, the article makes two arguments. First, it shows that segregation in famine works was driven by a shared understanding of the dominant castes and colonial state regarding labour, property, and caste which ensured that village works were reserved for dominant castes. A relational definition of labour was central to the construction of caste respectability on famine works. Second, by comparing the sex ratio of labourers in the two kinds of famine works, the article argues that women's labour was not merely a marker of caste, but constitutive of it.

Practice and Exploration of Think Tanks Construction in China "Double First Class" Universities with Industry Characteristics — A Case Study on China University of Geosciences, Beijing

Today's world is facing profound changes unseen in a century. New Think Tanks with Chinese characteristics are playing an important role in promoting the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity, and the construction has achieved remarkable results. However, there is still more room for the development of Chinese university think tanks, especially those with industry characteristics. Education is an important cornerstone for national rejuvenation and social progress. The construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines should meet the major strategic needs of the country, the main battlefield of the economy and society, and the frontiers of science and technology development. The connotation construction of colleges and universities should strengthen the close integration of academic exploration and serving the needs of the country. In the process of building new-type Think Tanks with Chinese characteristics, "Double First Class" Universities with industry characteristics should adhere to the principles of focusing on national needs, give play to their characteristics, innovate systems and mechanisms, and lead the development of the industry. China University of Geosciences, Beijing, is actively building the new-type university Think Tank with Chinese characteristics in the first round of "Double First Class" construction cycle. Relying on the two first-class disciplines of geology, geological resources and geological engineering, it takes the interdisciplinary integration as the starting point, and conducts Think Tank research in the field of natural resources around three centers, two forums, and one report. The construction of the Natural Resources Strategic Development Institute helps to explore how to achieve the goal of building a world-class university in the field of earth science while serving the major needs of the country and the industry.

INVESTMENTS LIMITING NEGATIVE IMPACT OF FARMS ON THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE AND AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY EFFICIENCY

The article attempts to evaluate the technical efficiency of farms that in 2015-2016 carried out an investment aimed at reducing pollution of the natural environment with nitrates from agricultural sources. Due to the type of the investment carried out, two groups of farms were distinguished. The first group were farms that carried out adaptive investments for the construction or extension of manure plates or slurry tanks. The second group, on the other hand, were farms investing in the construction of barns and piggeries along with buildings for collecting natural fertilizers. The source of data for the analysis were farms keeping accounting for the Polish FADN in 2014-2019. The results of the analysis showed that the investments carried out in both groups undoubtedly contributed to the significant development of the farms. Income per 1 working person from a farming family (1 FWU) increased in both groups by 95.3% and 78.5%, respectively in 2014-2019. Changes in technical efficiency, measured with the Malmquist index, showed an improvement in efficiency in both groups, but only in the group of farms investing in new buildings the changes were favorable both in terms of efficiency improvement and technological progress. Ultimately, measurement of efficiency showed its increase in the group investing in buildings by 0.7% and in the case of new livestock buildings by 3.4%.

Противопожарная защита резервуаров с метанолом самовспенивающейся газоаэрозоленаполненной пеной

Polar liquids including methanol are widely used in various industries. It has unique physical and chemical properties: extreme fire and explosion hazard, corrosive activity, high toxicity. These properties determine the complexity of its extinguishing. In Russia, there is practically no normative base for the design, construction, and repair of tanks where methanol is stored. In the available recommendations for extinguishing methanol fires by «soft» method the normative intensity of alcohol-resistant foam supply to the fire source is underestimated. Alcohol-resistant foam concentrates such as AFFF/AR, FFF/AR, S/AR allow to ensure reliable extinguishing of polar liquids. To do this, it is required to determine the method of supplying the foaming agent and its standard intensity when extinguishing methanol in the tanks. Thermophysical properties of the methanol combustion (heat fluxes, burnout rate, heat release rate) determine the possibility of developing methods for its extinguishing on the model fire seats. For these purposes, the pallets with a diameter of more than 3 m can be used with a side thickness of 6 mm. To extinguish methanol, it is proposed to use a low-expansion self-foaming gas-aerosol filled foam with a standard flow rate of 0.25 l/(m2·s). Specific consumption of the fire extinguishing agent was determined: for methanol, it should be 30 l/m2 with an extinguishing time of 120 s. Foam generation can take place without the use of traditional foam generators with the help of self-contained solid fuel fire extinguishing installations. When using them, the problem of corrosion resistance of foam generating equipment is solved, and the «soft» fire extinguishing method is also implemented for the tanks with a volume of 5000 m3 or more.

Circular Economy Framework for Energy Recovery in Phytoremediation of Domestic Wastewater

Circular economy (CE) strategy is crucial in developing towards sustainable growth. It was created to promote resource utilization and the elimination of waste production. This article aimed to study the possibilities of using the CE framework in wastewater bioremediation and energy recovery using hydroponic tanks. The integration of phytoremediation with bioenergy, construction and lifespan of hydroponic tanks in phytoremediation of wastewater, selection of aquatic plants and the expected challenges in the implementation of CE in phytoremediation of wastewater were discussed. The plant-based biomass harvested and the relative growth rate (RGR) of the selected plants from the phytoremediation process was evaluated. The findings obtained indicated that the selected plants tripled in weight after 14 days cultivation period at different retention times. E. crassipes recorded the highest growth with 2.5 ± 0.03 g g−1 d−1, followed by S. molesta with 1.33 ± 0.05 g g−1 d−1 and then P. stratiotes recorded 0.92 ± 0.27 g g−1 d−1 at the end of the cultivation period. Therefore, the selected plants have been identified as having the potential to be used in phytoremediation as well as a source of energy production. The outcome of our review suggested the adoption of a lifecycle assessment as the CE framework for the phytoremediation of wastewater.

Evaluation of paint systems on A36 steel through electro-chemical techniques: Corrosion resistance of container tanks

In this research work, the corrosion resistance of plate steel used in the construction of cylindrical container tanks of seawater was evaluated. These container tanks are usually used for fighting fires on the coast of the Arequipa-Peru region, where the shortage of drinking water is significant. The study was based on immersion tests of 2 × 2 cm square test plates in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. Five paint systems were studied, varying only in the primers: P1-860 (inorganic zinc silicate); P1-ZC (epoxy-zinchromate); P1-850 (organic rich in zinc); P1-600 (reinforced inorganic zinc) and P1-SP1000 (high solids epoxy-amine). All systems consisted of a primer coat, an epoxy middle coat and a polyurethane topcoat. To characterize the behaviour of each system, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was mostly used. In addition, the scanning Kelvin probe (SKP) and scanning electro­che­mical microscopy (SECM) were used as local techniques. The first three paint systems (P1-860, P1-ZC and P1-850) showed an invariable value of impedance modulus up to 3360 h of immersion in NaCl. The last two paint systems (P1-600 and P1-SP1000) showed a decrease in impedance modulus by more than one order of magnitude. This research provides a clear contribution of results obtained by global electrochemical techniques such as EIS, estab­lishing excellent tools for monitoring the performance of organic anticorrosive coatings.

Analyzing and Evaluating Future Water Demand Using WaterGEMS and Population Forecasting Methods for Narangi Village, Maharashtra, India

The analysis of the water distribution network [WDN] is essential for a sufficient water supply. In the present study, the water distribution network [WDN] of the Narangi village in Virar was analysed using WaterGEMS software. The obtained results from the analysis were used to evaluate the impact of the growing population on the water distribution system in the coming decades, i.e., from 2020 to 2050. For population forecasting, the arithmetical increase and geometrical increase methods were adopted which were later used as “Low Population Growth Scenario" [LGS] and "High Population Growth Scenario" [HGS] respectively. The results obtained show that the maximum flow is observed in pipe 1, and the maximum demand is seen at junction 67. In 2020, the flow rate in Pipe 1 was 1036 litres per minute, but by 2050, it had risen to 1655 litres per minute. Demand at junction 67 was 54 litres per minute in 2020, and it had escalated to 86 litres per minute by 2050. This shows an increasing trend in pipe flow and demand at junctions due to the growing population over the decades. The future water demand is estimated under two population growth scenarios i.e., LGS and HGS. The comparison shows that unmet water demand estimated using the HGS, i.e., 0.223 and 0.601 million m3, is more than the LGS, i.e., 0.035 and 0.174 million m3 for the years 2040 and 2050, respectively. This signifies that unmet water demand in HGS and LGS will result in water scarcity in the study area. As a result, new water sources and the construction of new storage tanks should be planned and implemented as measures to reduce future unmet water demand.

CaCO3-derived from eggshell waste for improving the corrosion resistance of zinc composite coating on mild steel for biodiesel storage tank

Sustainability of energy does not end in the generation of biofuels, but as well encompasses proper mitigation of the metallic equipment used in the plant from corrosion degradation. Corrosion of metallic equipment in biodiesel plants limits the storage and distribution of biodiesel to the end-users. Carbon steel of Mild steel type/grade is one of the major metallic materials used in the construction of biodiesel storage tanks. The major setback of using mild steel for biodiesel storage is the high corrosion rate. This research aims to develop a novel coating of mild steel using CaCO3 derived from eggshell waste (ESP). The Codeposition method was used to develop Zn-10%CaCO3-ESP (single and double layer). The corrosion of the samples was tested in a Jatropha curcas biodiesel (JBD) environment. Microstructure, hardness values, viscosity, and density of the oil were determined. A corrosion protection efficiency of 68.87% was obtained using the Zn-10%CaCO3-ESP double layer. High corrosion damage as a result of localized pitting corrosion mechanism was observed for the mild steel without coating. This novel coating can be used in the industrial fabrication of storage tanks for biodiesel since the CaCO3-ESP is prepared by a simple method.

Welding Technology for Liquefied Natural Gas Tanks

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is of great importance in the energy segment of the economy. Natural gas, has a higher calorific value, better fuel efficiency and is more environmentally friendly, thereby gaining more importance compared to oil and coal. Not only does LNG offer greater flexibility in supply, it also has cost advantages for transportation starting from a distance of 2,000 km (at sea) and 4,000 km (on land) respectively. Consequently, the LNG market will grow in the coming decades compared to two other fossil sources - oil and coal. To use natural gas, it is necessary to create safe and economically profitable transportation routes from natural gas deposits to end users. One possibility is to transport gas in a liquefied state, at low temperatures. To ensure safe and reliable storage of liquefied gas at minus 163 ° C, good physical and mechanical properties of the base material and weld (corresponding tank system) are required. To meet these high requirements, appropriate welding methods and welding materials are selected. The paper presents an analysis of activities on the development of new welding materials and improvement of welding technologies for the construction of LNG tanks.

Разрушения резервуаров и способы минимизации негативных последствий

Introduction. The most widely used for the storage of oil and petroleum products at industrial enterprises both in Russia and abroad, were vertical steel cylindrical tanks). However, despite the significant world experience in the design, construction and operation of vertical steel cylindrical tanks, from time to time their failures (destruction) occur, leading to negative consequences. Interacting with normative earthen landslides or enclosing walls, the resulting powerful hydrodynamic flow of liquid flows through them, spilling over a large area, involving in the incident nearby tanks, buildings, structures, pipelines, which leads to the cascading development of the accident, significant material damage, often to injuries and loss of life. Thus, a more detailed consideration of the effectiveness of existing ways to minimize the negative consequences of tanks destruction, as well as problematic issues of some promising methods on the topic under consideration, seems relevant. Goals and objectives. Identify the most effective ways to minimize the negative consequences of possible destruction of vertical steel cylindrical tanks. Analyze the consequences of characteristic accidents of vertical steel cylindrical tanks at production facilities. To propose a classification of methods on the basis of preventing or localizing the breakthrough wave formed during the destruction of vertical steel cylindrical tanks. To consider the problematic issues of promising ways to localize flammable liquid. Methods. In the process of developing a number of ways to minimize the negative consequences of accidents on vertical steel cylindrical tanks, methods of similarity theory and laboratory modeling, physical experiment, observation, comparison, finding empirical dependencies based on mathematical processing of experimental data, description, generalization were used. Results and their discussion. It has been established that the most effective way is to eliminate the dangerous factor (breakthrough wave) through the use of underground or horizontal tanks. Effective ways to localize the flow of liquid include the arrangement of an enclosing wall with a wave reflective visor or a protective wall additional to the normative fence. A promising method includes the construction of tanks of the "glass in a glass" type. Conclusion. The effectiveness of the considered methods should be taken into account, first of all, by the owners of hazardous production facilities, specialists of design organizations and supervisory authorities to find optimal solutions for the safe operation of tanks, including, if necessary, their placement in settlements, near water areas and federal highways. Keywords: tank, destruction, breakthrough wave, earthen collapse, enclosing wall, enclosing wall with a wave reflective visor, additional protective wall, "glass in a glass" tank.

Наклонный волноотражающий козырёк для снижения высоты защитной стенки резервуара типа "стакан в стакане"

Introduction. The prospects for the construction of tanks with a protective wall of the "glass in a glass" type are due to the possibility of their use with increased safety requirements, in particular, when designing near residential areas or water areas. However, previous studies on the retention of fluid flow by a protective wall during the destruction of the internal reservoir have shown that in order to completely retain it, the wall height must be at least 10 % higher than the original liquid level in this tank. It is obvious that the construction of such high protective walls is economically impractical, while conditions can be created for the formation of zones of explosive concentrations both in its inter-wall space and behind the protective wall. In this regard, studies on an effective way to reduce the height by protecting the wall at the maximum level of filling the internal tank with a flammable liquid are relevant. In particular, it is proposed to consider the possibility of arranging on the protective wall an inclined wave-reflective visor facing the wall of the main tank. Goals and objectives. Experimentally prove the possibility of reducing the height of the protective wall of tanks with a protective wall of the "glass in a glass" type by arranging inclined wave-reflective visor on it. Obtain an empirical formula for finding the minimum height of the protective wall depending on the geometric parameters of the main tank, the interwall distance and the outbound length of the wave-reflecting visor. Methods. In the process of research, the methods of similarity theory and hydraulic laboratory modeling, physical experiment, observation, comparison, finding an empirical dependence based on mathematical processing of experimental data, description, generalization were used. Results and their discussion. It has been experimentally proven that the arrangement on the protective wall of inclined wave-reflective visor is an effective method aimed at reducing the height of the protective wall to or below the maximum level of flammable liquid in the main tank. An empirical dependence is obtained to find the optimal ratio between the outbound length of the wave-reflective visor and the inter-wall distance for the main tanks with a protective wall of the "glass in a glass" type, the nominal volume from 700 to 30000 m3. Conclusion. The proposed method of reducing the height of the protective wall and empirical dependence can be the basis for the development of the relevant provisions of the regulatory document on ensuring fire safety of tanks with a protective wall of the "glass in a glass" type, as well as used by design organizations to find optimal solutions for the design and placement of the types of tanks in question at production facilities. Keywords: "glass in a glass" tank, destruction, protective wall, inclined wave-reflective visor, laboratory modeling.

An experimental investigation on the fluid flow mixing process in agitated vessel

The fluid mixing process is a common supportive phenomenon that often occurs in a large number of industrial systems. This phenomenon is the subject of many numerical and experimental analysis. The mixing process effectiveness depends on: mixing tank construction, mixing phases viscosity, temperature, density of liquids and, what is crucial, the impeller shape. The optimal design of impeller geometry is still an open issue. In this research work, the main objective is experimental investigations of the influence of the newly constructed impeller type on the fluid flow motion phenomena and energy consumption. Flow field values were evaluated using PIV measurement and the power consumption using precise torquemeter. The comparison between the Rushton turbine and a novel impeller is presented and discussed. The basis for the assessment of the intensity degree and efficiency of mixing was the analysis of velocity vectors distribution and power number. Results show that the power number for both impellers are similar but the fluid motion is quite different. The pumping capacity Qz for the novel impeller in reference to the Rushton turbine is for many cases at least one order of magnitude higher. This shows that the proposed impeller can be a very promising alternative to the classic blades and non-blades based impeller types.