Construction Of Gender Identity Research Articles

Construction of Gender Identity in Japanese Popular Culture

This study discusses the phenomenon of fujoshi which is a favorite of a woman in enjoying anime and manga that has the genre Yaoi or Boys Love. Yaoi is a genre that tells about same-sex relationships made by men. This research was conducted with qualitative research methods with virtual ethnographic analysis. This study will examine how the construction of gender identity is built on yaoi fans on social media by using the communication theory of gender from Michael Hecht. The results showed that the gender identity of fujoshi was formed through three layers, namely the personal layer, the enactment layer, and the communal layer. This study also found that Fujitsu tends to have multiple identities in their lives. Fujoshi is more willing to show identity about their passion for yaoi on social media.
 
 Keywords: Popular Culture, Fujoshi, Social Media, Gender Identity Communication

La construcción de la identidad de género a partir de la selección del nombre de pila

This paper reflects on the role given names attribution plays in the construction of gender identity of their bearers. The theoretical framework is based on Marta Lamas Encabo’s work about gender (2000, 2015, 2016), and on socio-anthroponymy research about naming practices and name giving. It is suggested that the selection of given names, as part of the attribution process (Aldrin 2011), contributes to the construction of the bearer’s gender identity by making him/her part of a culture that distinguishes, fundamentally, between the masculine and the feminine.The proposal rests on the symbolic dimension that implies not only the concept of gender as a socio-cultural notion, but that of language as conceptualization and mental categorization of the world. The discussion presented here allows to recognize that the construction of the bearer’s gender identity begins at the very moment in which his/her first name is chosen (which would be a part of the parental project proposed by Jean-Gabriel Offroy 1992). The culturally made distinction between male and female will be created and reproduced socially through the preference for certain given names even though an epicene is chosen. Key-words: Given name; attribution; parental project; gender identity

Mathematics Makes you Feel Attractive. Empowering New Alternative Masculinities in the Context of Mathematics Classrooms

This article studies the relationship between masculinity construction in school and mathematics learning in boys. In this article, we introduce the variables of social interaction and the differentiation between the language of ethics and the language of desire to analyze the aspects related to mathematics learning in schoolboys. The methodology used is a literature review, paying particular attention to the techniques used in the literature and using categorization that emerged during the review to select and analyze the texts. We found several issues that seem to condition mathematics learning in boys that have to do with gender and specific identity construction, namely the dominant traditional masculinities. Moreover, this process is enhanced by the social attraction towards violence processes. However, the literature also contains elements that respond to a different model of masculinity that can be successful in mathematics learning and attractive at the same time, which is related to the New Alternative Masculinities model. We conclude with some recommendations to support this new and attractive model and to rethink research in mathematics achievement in children in the future.

Homophobic bullying: critical considerations, and legal-institutional interventions

Instances in the increase of homophobic bullying mean a major interest in order to develop strong bullying prevention programming which should be a major priority for adults, governments and institutions responsible to promote and ensure a responsible development of society. The complexity of the problem requires a multidisciplinary approach of a comprehensive nature. Starting from the construction of gender identities, and taking into account and understanding the biological aspects, external influences, and arising contrasts during the process, a young person faces adolescence: a transition period when sexual orientation or preference faces higher risks as the person has to come to terms with a mismatch between scales of knowledge. The outcome will result in an inter-generational conflict which becomes a prejudice. By acquiring the desired characteristics of mind and body, adolescents develop their own cognitive skills. Thus we can consider homophobic bullying in its psycho-sociological implications. The aim of this paper is to delineate an explanation of the topic in a scientific, educational and professional way, and at the same time to take into account all legal and institutional issues.

A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Childhood Narratives and the Construction of Gender Identity: A Sociocultural Perspective

This paper recognizes various concepts about gender identity in early childhood narratives by analyzing memories and stories expressed by men and women participating in this study. Such analyses assert the fact that cultural norms’ influence on gender identity is a very complex process. Linguistic ethnography (LE) researchers have always considered language as a starting point that leads to the study of the interactions between cultural, social norms, and language. This paper is placing a noticeable emphasis on detailed analyses of recorded data of interactions as primary source for displaying and constructing gender identities via social norms differences or similarities. This study emphasizes the effect of cultural differences and how they are placed at the center of other social processes involving gender identities and cultural outcome through daily interactions. Knowledge of the concept of social reality across different fields will eventually lead to key answers of questions about how this reality is constructed, reproduced, and manifested in various social, historical, political, and socio-economic settings. This paper manifests the definition of LE which is a field that is recognized by combining both ethnography and linguistic characteristics, where ethnography lies within the researcher’s attempt to analyze communicative practices within the social norms of a particular community. Through participants’ voices, events and views, their gender identity is perceived and constructed.

Negotiating alternative femininities? Gender identity construction in female Basque pelota players

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to explore how female players of Basque pelota (pelotaris) construct their gender identity in a traditionally masculine sport. The theory of performativity is used to understand how females negotiate, resist or challenge the dominant gender discourse. Data were collected through 10 in-depth interviews with players. Through inductive analysis we found that the sociocultural context surrounding Basque pelota reinforces the binary system of gender embodiment, which includes hegemonic masculinities and idealised femininities. However, our findings also suggest that whilst some players adhere to this dominant discourse, others actively resist and transgress it through the embodiment of alternative identities. In doing this, these players create new and inclusive identities, therefore escaping a simplistic binary and embracing a multiplicity of gender identities. As a result, they can become active agents in the promotion of equity in sport.

El estilo de habla en el discurso directo como estrategia para la construcción del género en el monólogo humorístico

This research examines the role humorous planned discourse plays in the construction of gender identity. The main aim is to explore some of the distinct ways in which Spanish female stand-up comedians use humor language and gendered speech styles in direct discourse to deconstruct their imposed gender roles and subvert the heteronormative notions of femininity and masculinity. We depart from the hypothesis that speech styles are used regardless the sex in order to cause certain effects both comical and social. So as to corroborate this idea, our study gathers a corpus which comprises 10 monologues by Spanish stand-ups, performed in Spanish theatres and pubs in the span of time of 2017 and 2018. These monologues were transcribed and divided into humorous sequences in order to examine the main function of the different speech styles and their relationship with the humor styles proposed by Martin Martin, Puhlik-Doris, Larsen, Gray and Weir (2003). The analysis of the effects obtained in relation to the construction and deconstruction of gender identity as well as the account of the most prominent linguistic elements employed, have allowed us to prove that the use of gendered speech styles is a discourse device not only for breaking with sex roles but also for reinforcing and perpetuation some gender cliches.

Drawing Fear of Difference: Race, Gender, and National Identity in Ms. Marvel Comics

Feminist scholars have provided important analyses of the gendered and racialised discourses used to justify the Global War on Terror. They show how post-9/11 policies were made possible through particular binary constructions of race, gender, and national identity in official discourse. Turning to popular culture, this article uses a Queer feminist poststructuralist approach to look at the ways that Ms. Marvel comics destabilise and contest those racialised and gendered discourses. Specifically, it explores how Ms. Marvel provides a reading of race, gender, and national identity in post-9/11 USA that challenges gendered-racialised stereotypes. Providing a Queer reading of Ms. Marvel that undermines the coherence of Self/Other binaries, the article concludes that to write, draw, and circulate comics and the politics they depict is a way of intervening in international relations that imbues comics with the power to engage in dialogue with and (re)shape systems of racialised-gendered domination and counter discriminatory legislation. Dibujando miedo a la diferencia: raza, género e identidad nacional en Ms. Marvel Comics

DIVERSIDADE SEXUAL, GÊNERO E SEXUALIDADES: TEMAS IMPORTANTES À EDUCAÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA

This essay has some observations on the concepts of gender, sexuality, sexual orientation and gender identity, themes that, but never, are necessary to reflect on the school contexts. The reflections that have been made here have been formulated within research projects that deal with the construction of gender identities in the school and part of the formative experiences with teachers of the states of Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul. The teachingdefends a school that, in interrogating the differences, educating the recognition of gender and sexuality dissent, I understand them as inseparable parts of democratic and city society. In addition, the text proposes to offer some epistemological notes to confront the conservative discourses that in the present day renew their fights against the city education, whose main objective is the expansion of human rights, the political participation and the notion of humanity.

Linn da Quebrada: o corpo trans na experiência urbana

Este artigo apresenta uma análise da canção “Mulher”, da artista Linn da Quebrada, veiculada na obra audiovisual blasFêmea, a partir da perspectiva teórico-metodológica da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa. O tema que atravessa a produção é a questão do “ser” mulher a partir da vivência do corpo transexual e periférico, em relação ao espaço urbano, portanto, social, habitado por essa persona. Diante desse emblema contemporâneo, trazemos para o debate a relação entre gênero, sexualidade e espaço urbano, a partir da prática discursiva intersemiótica de Linn da Quebrada, a fim de repensar as formas de construção de identidades de gênero, partindo da desconstrução das cisheteronormatividades, essas dadas como naturais. Faremos a exposição do tema chave, gênero e espaço urbano, aqui, já que nos interessa discutir sobre o papel social que a arquitetura desempenha em nossa cultura, e logo depois faremos uma breve reflexão a respeito dos conceitos utilizados para, então, expormos nossa análise.

Zulu names and their impact on gender identity construction of adults raised in polygynous families in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Zulu names and their impact on gender identity construction of adults raised in polygynous families in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Transgender identity: a relational and contextualized construction (San Luis, Argentina, 2013-2015)

This paper starts from a research about transgender people's gender identity's construction process, carried out during 2013 and 2015 in San Luis province, Argentina. My aim is to prove that others' recognition, and the ways we understand gender, feminity and masculinity in Western Culture, contribute to shape transgender people's gender identity's construction process. I use a qualitative strategy based on data inductive work, similar to Grounded Theory's proposal. I conclude that transgender people's gender identity is built in a permanent negotiation about others’ recognition, framed in prevailing gender cultural patterns.

Böske Simon, Miss Hungaria and Miss Europa (1929): Beauty Pageants and Packaging Gender, Race, and National Identity in Interwar Hungary

In this interdisciplinary article that draws on the intersections of Hungarian and Jewish Studies within a framework of cultural studies and gender studies, Louise O. Vasvári investigates the socio-political role of beauty pageants in 1920s European and—more specifically—in Hungarian social, political and cultural life. The article is structured as a case study of the life of Böske Simon, who was born into a bourgeois Jewish family in 1909 and who won the first Miss Hungaria competition in 1929, soon followed by the title of Miss Europa. Vasvári aims to place Simon’s role as Hungarian beauty queen in a broader focus by examining from a gender perspective the international development of beauty pageants, of the illustrated press, and of commercial beauty culture in the 1920s. She examines the symbolic space allotted to the concept “Modern Girl,” who in the interwar [re]construction of gender and national identities came to represent both the enticements and the dangers of modernity. More specifically, she examines how the problematic gender representation of women in such pageants and their reception by the press and by the public interact in the broader interwar nationalistic cultural sphere in post-Trianon Hungary.

Experiences of sexual and gender minorities in an urban enclave of Haiti: despised, beaten, stoned, stabbed, shot and raped

Studies of sexual and gender minorities in Haiti and globally typically involve HIV research and programming with men who have sex with men. We conducted focus groups with individuals in Haiti’s Cité Soleil slum whose assigned gender at birth matched neither their gender identity nor contextual heteronormative constructions of gender roles, i.e. transwomen and transmen. The Yogyakarta Principles provided the study framework. Focus group participants offered emic perspectives on overall well-being, identities, biopsychosocial strengths and HIV-protective and risk factors. We found that gender expression that conflicts with contextual norms evoked recurring, humiliating and intentionally injurious sexual assaults against participants, heightening their HIV risk; participants endured beatings, shootings, stabbings, stonings and socio-political violence. Lack of confidentiality and stigma hinder participants’ access to scarce HIV resources. Indistinct boundaries between sexuality, gender identity and gender expression merged with traditional gender-based roles to perpetuate sexual violence towards transwomen by cisgender heterosexual men and by transmen towards cisgender heterosexual women. Despite resignation to omnipresent violence, participants showed resilience regarding gender identity. Needed are integrated socio-behavioural and health programmes to challenge existing gender inequities while providing training on human rights and HIV risk reduction for Haitian sexual and gender minorities.

The construction of gendered identities in Moroccan radio phone-in programmes

ABSTRACT The restructuring of the media landscape and access to new radio outlets resulted in the popularity of interactive programmes among Moroccans. Many phone-ins now exist that offer advice on a variety of social problems. Some address issues that pertain specifically to the modern Moroccan woman. The interactive aspects of phone-ins offer an opportunity to study the ways gender is co-constructed by lay callers and the experts providing advice. This article offers an Ethnomethodological account of two calls to Kif Lhal, a popular Moroccan radio phone-in. It describes the ways callers mobilised the categories wife, mother, father and husband to construct specific gender identities. Methodologically, Membership Categorisation Analysis is used to describe how callers deployed gender categories, and how their deployment betrayed patriarchal worldviews. The article argues that an ethnomethodological analysis can offer a glimpse at the emic logic of gender relations in everyday life. It can also trace the ways this logic spills over into the discourse of Kif Lhal as a media text. While their positive impact is undeniable, phone-ins run the risk of inadvertently importing patriarchal modes of discourse to the public sphere of media, where major strides have been made towards gender equality.

Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve Mekânın Karşılıklı İlişkisi: Patriyarkanın Sosyal Mekânı Örgütleyişine Dair Bir Tartışma

Mekân, kültürel yurttaşlık değerlerinin kadını dışlamasını en somut anlamda görebileceğimiz bir öğedir. Bunun nedeni mekânın kültürel inşasının kadınları güç ve etkiden alıkoyan meşruiyeti sembolize eden bir iç doğaya sahip olmasıdır. Bu nedenle de feminist coğrafyanın özellikli amacı, toplumsal cinsiyete ve mekâna göre olan bölünmeleri görünür kılmak, sorunsallaştırmak ve onlar arasındaki karşılıklı yapılanmayı-patriyarkanın sosyal mekânı örgütleyişini- ve bariz doğallığı açık etmektir. 
 Benim bu makalede amacım, kadın ve erkeklerin mekân ve yerleri ne ölçüde farklılaşarak deneyimlediklerini incelemek ve bu farklılıkların toplumsal cinsiyetin sosyal inşasının bir parçası olduğu kadar nasıl da yerlerin bir özelliği olduğunu tartışmaktır. İlkin, özellikle jeopolitik anlayışa odaklanarak akademik coğrafyaya egemen olan erkek merkezli epistemolojiyi ve disiplinin mekânsal düşüncesinin eril yaklaşımdan etkilenişini açığa çıkarmaya çalışacağım. İkinci olarak, feminist coğrafyanın anahtar kavramlarını ele alarak toplumsal cinsiyet ve sosyal mekân arasındaki ilişkileri tartışacağım. Bunu yaparken de toplumsal olarak inşa edilmiş olan ‘kamusal’ ve ‘özel’ kavramları ile cinsiyetlenmiş kimliklerin inşası arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyeceğim. Ve son olarak, kadınların günümüzdeki sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel pratiklerine odaklanarak kamusal ve özel mekânlar arasındaki ayrımı eleştireceğim.

Gender Identity Construction Through Traditional and Modern Lenses: Rwandan Narratives and MDGs Perspectives

While there is an on-going debate about what constitutes current policies and practices on gender equality between men and women in Rwanda, there is general agreement that Rwandan traditional beliefs and cultural norms have produced a patriarchy ideology and unequal power relations between women and men. Such traditional beliefs are not only observed in Rwanda, but in different parts of the world as well; and it is still problematic to assess a framework in which current gender policies are redesigned to allocate equitable power between women and men. This study focuses on the analysis and comparison of issues of gender identity and power relations as embedded in the Rwandan short narratives and in the Millennium Development Goals on gender equality. More specifically, this study investigates the design and redesign of the issues related to power relations and their effect on gender identity conception and assumption. Analysed from Marxist theories of power and Thompson’s modes perspectives, the findings suggest that Rwandan traditional narratives view men as more powerful than women and the society expects more from men in terms of responsibilities. As for the Millennium Development Goals, they focus on women empowerment only and thereby create a new imbalance between men and women. The paper recommends equality in terms of a maleness and femaleness ideology from policy to legislation and other domains.

Травелоги югославских писательниц первой половины ХХ века: в поисках идентичности

The paper considers travelogues of Yugoslav female writers Alma Karlin, Jelena Dimitrijević, Isidora Sekulić, Marica Gregorič Stepančič, Marica Strnad, Luiza Pesjak. These texts created in the first half of the 20th century in Serbian, Slovenian and German are on the periphery of the literary field and, with rare exceptions, do not belong to the canon. The most famous of these authors are Sekulić from Serbia and the German-speaking writer Karlin from Slovenia. Recently, the work of Dimitrijević has also become an object of attention of researchers. Other travelogues writers are almost forgotten. Identity problems, especially national ones, are a constant component of the travelogue genre. During a journey, the author directs his attention to “other / alien” peoples and cultures that can be called foreign to the perceiving consciousness. However, when one perceives the “other”, one inevitably turns to one's “own”, one's own identity. The concept of “own - other / alien”, on which the dialogical philosophy is based (M. Buber, G. Marcel, M. Bakhtin, E. Levinas), implies an understanding of the cultural “own” against the background of the “alien” and at the same time culturally “alien” on the background of “own”. Women's travel has a special status in culture. Even in the first half of the 20th century the woman was given space at home. Going on a journey, especially unaccompanied, was at least unusual for a woman. According to Simone de Beauvoir, a woman in society is “different / other”. Therefore, women's travelogues can be defined as the look of the “other” on the “other / alien”. In this paper, particular attention is paid to the interrelationship of gender, national identities and their conditioning with a cultural and historical context. At the beginning of the 20th century in the Balkans, national identity continues actively to develop and the process of women's emancipation is intensifying. Therefore, the combination of gender and national issues for Yugoslavian female travelogues of this period is especially relevant. Dimitrijević's travelogue Seven Seas and Three Oceans demonstrates this relationship most vividly: “We Serbian women are no less patriotic than Egyptian women... Haven't Serbian women most of the merit that the big Yugoslavia originated from small Serbia?” As a result of this study, the specificity of the national and gender identity constructs in the first half of the 20th century in the analyzed texts is revealed. For this period one can note, on the one hand, the preservation of national and gender boundaries, often supported by stereotypes, on the other hand, there are obvious tendencies towards the erosion of the established gender and national constructs, the mobility of models of gender and national identification as well, largely due to the sociohistorical processes of the time.

Youth provoking peace: an intersectional approach to territorial peacebuilding in Colombia

ABSTRACTThis article examines how youth (re)construct a sense of self and belonging in the aftermath of displacement and armed conflict in Colombia. I draw on ethnographic research with the Youth Peace Provokers of the Alta Montaña (Jóvenes Provocadores de Paz de la Alta Montaña) movement in rural Colombia to analyze the construction and performance of gendered identities among youth peacebuilders. Part one examines how youth navigate the gendered landscape of memory to (re)construct self and place in a context where militarised masculinities circulate and inscribe social power. Part two illustrates the ways in which gendered experiences of violence shape how and who participates in peacebuilding in the aftermath of war. Part three explores how youth construct their identities in response to multiple forms of violence that operate across the axes of gender, generation, race, class and territory, which extend into the emerging ‘postconflict’ landscape. I argue that participation in an intergenerational peace movement facilitates youth identity construction over and against the interlocking violence(s) of patriarchy, militarism and racism.

Estereotipos de género transmitidos a los niños y niñas en la familia postpatriarcal

Articulo publicado en: Journal de Ciencias Sociales, Ano 12, nro. 7, Abril 2019. Disponible en