Construction Of Tall Buildings Research Articles

Case Study of the Core Structure Succeeding Method for Tall Building Construction

AbstractIn tall building construction, the adoption of the appropriate construction method for the core structure process is critical in terms of both the structural aspect of the building and the schedule estimation. This study introduces a new core structure succeeding construction method (CSSCM) for tall buildings with steel-reinforced concrete structures to address the obstacles of the existing core structure preceding construction method (CSPCM) such as limited workspace, interference between activities, difficulties in wall and slab joint construction, and similar obstacles. The study also shows the technical details and compares the results from the applications of CSPCM and CSSCM to an actual tall building project. The results revealed that this method has potential as a cost-effective construction method for structural frameworks of tall buildings where short cycle times are required. In addition, the method provided stable working environments for the steel erection including outriggers and core...

Divided we rise: politics, architecture and vertical cityscapes at opposite ends of Jerusalem

This paper explores how planning, politics and architecture work together to socially produce new vertical cityscapes. Our contention is that the inception and development of high‐rises are interlocked into the narrations of cities, reflecting cultural values and social cleavages, political interests and planning agendas, symbolic connotations and everyday life experiences. By using a mixed‐method approach, which includes the analysis of official documents and interviews with decisionmakers, planners and observers, we examine two trajectories of tall‐building development at opposite ends of Jerusalem. In Israeli West Jerusalem, the development of high‐rises is part of a neo‐liberal growth package that seeks to stimulate economic activity, rebrand the city and increase the city's competiveness at national and global scales while evading highly contentious religious‐cultural cleavages. At the other end of the city, the construction of tall buildings in grey spaces symbolically represents a Palestinian revolt against Israeli restrictive planning and development policies, but also addresses day‐to‐day needs and changing preferences of the Palestinian population. Our analysis uses verticality as a representation of social relations demonstrating manipulations of power and legitimacy. In Jerusalem, planning and development of ordinary high‐rises next to recently completed icons, the Bridge of Strings and the Separation Wall, epitomises a dialogue that unmistakably promotes political agendas and produces symbolic meanings. This dialogue can either support the original values and aims of urban icons or challenge them.

Development of the Model for the Subject-oriented Management in Super Tall Building Construction Project

본 연구는 프로젝트 관리, 건축공학, 경영학 및 정보통신기술을 융합하여 건설 프로젝트 관리기술 의 향상을 그 목적으로 한다. 기존의 데이터베이스 활용 프로젝트 관리기술의 한계와 초고층 건물과 같은 초대형 건설공사의 다양한 리스크를 극복하고, 건축 프로젝트 등의 특수성을 감안한 전략적 관 리기술의 개발의 필요성에 부합하기 위하여 본 연구는 주제중심 프로젝트 관리라는 개념을 제안하고, 이를 뒷받침하는 활용 모델을 개발하여 주제지수(Subject Index)라는 개념을 통한 건설 프로젝트 관리 의 효율성 제고 방안을 제시한다. 본 연구를 통하여 제안된 SPM 모델은 초고층 건축 프로젝트 관리기술에서 데이터/정보/지식관리 의 개념을 넘어서는 새로운 관리의 패러다임이 되고, 본 모델의 핵심개념인 주제지수는 실제 현장에 서 활용되어 우리나라의 건설기술과 경영기술의 발전 및 현재 정부가 추진하고 있는 창조경제 정책 실현에도 도움이 되는 중요한 도구가 될 것으로 기대된다.

Smart Autonomous Gardening Rover with Plant Recognition Using Neural Networks

Modernization of our environment (pruning trees for constructing tall buildings) results in climatic changes and ecological imbalance. To mitigate the effect, gardening (to plant trees and shrubs) becomes more and more important than just a hobby. Besides, maintenance of a garden is a tedious process and also time-consuming. Often the gardener lacks in knowledge about the requirements of plant (nutrient and the amount of water to be sprayed) to enhance its growth. In this regard, it is necessary to build an autonomous gardening robotic vehicle which automatically identifies and classifies the plant species using feature extraction algorithms (Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF), Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF (ORB)) and neural networks, respectively. It also measures the key parameters for gardening such as temperature, humidity, heat level, wind speed, wind direction and soil moisture. The data acquired from the on-board sensors of the gardening rover are sent to the cloud storage platform on a regular basis. Based on the acquired data and history, future predictions are made to maintain the garden more effectively and efficiently. A website and an android application are developed for monitoring and controlling the rover from a remote area. This system is a combination of new technologies involving an interdisciplinary approach to carry out precision gardening using Internet of Things (IoT).

Inclined construction hoist for efficient resource transportation in irregularly shaped tall buildings

Abstract Construction hoists are essential equipment in tall building construction for the vertical transportation of construction resources. Recent increases in the construction of irregularly shaped tall buildings have created demand for a more efficient hoist operation system. This study proposes a new inclined construction hoist for efficient transportation of resources in the construction of irregularly shaped tall buildings. Tilted masts and inclination and speed control systems enable the transportation of resources without needing temporary structures to access the building, which require large cost and time inputs. In a case study, the proposed system remarkably reduced total operation costs by 26.0%, total resource transportation time by 28.8%, and time taken to the highest floor by direct transportation by 11.0% over existing systems. The proposed system will contribute to successful project completion with reduced costs in response to the current trend in tall building construction.

Optimization of Luffing-Tower Crane Location in Tall Building Construction

The luffing-tower crane (T/C) is a key facility used in the vertical and horizontal transportation of materials in a tall building construction. Locating the crane in an optimal position is an essential task in the initial stages of construction planning. This paper proposes a new optimization model to locate the luffing T/C in the optimal position to minimize the transportation time. A newly developed mathematical formula is suggested to calculate the transportation time of luffing T/C correctly. An optimization algorithm, the Harmony Search (HS) algorithm, was used and the results show that HS has high performance characteristics to solve the optimization problem in a short period of time. In a case study, the proposed model offered a better position for T/C than the previous heuristic approach.

Optimal design of external rings for confined CFST columns

Concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns are becoming increasingly popular in the construction of tall buildings due to their superior behaviour contributed by composite action. However, this composite action cannot be fully developed owing to the imperfect steel–concrete interface bonding that occurs in the elastic stage. To overcome this problem, external rings were adopted in this study. To further improve the efficiency of external rings, different configurations of steel rings were tested. In this study, 18 CFST columns with different concrete cylinder strengths and configurations of rings were tested under uniaxial load. The experimental results reveal that: rings can improve the strength, elastic stiffness and ductility of CFST columns; denser rings arranged near the mid-height can improve the uniaxial behaviour of CFST columns more effectively; external rings can restrain the lateral dilation of steel tube and concrete in the early elastic stage. Based on the experimental results, an analytical model, taking into account the confinement effect and ring configurations, is proposed to estimate the ultimate strength of CFST columns. The validity of the model was checked by comparing the predicted strengths with experimental strengths from this study and the authors' previous experimental results.

Tall Buildings and Elevators: A Review of Recent Technological Advances

Efficient vertical mobility is a critical component of tall building development and construction. This paper investigates recent advances in elevator technology and examines their impact on tall building development. It maps out, organizes, and collates complex and scattered information on multiple aspects of elevator design, and presents them in an accessible and non-technical discourse. Importantly, the paper contextualizes recent technological innovations by examining their implementations in recent major projects including One World Trade Center in New York; Shanghai Tower in Shanghai; Burj Khalifa in Dubai; Kingdom Tower in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; and the green retrofit project of the Empire State Building in New York. Further, the paper discusses future vertical transportation models including a vertical subway concept, a space lift, and electromagnetic levitation technology. As these new technological advancements in elevator design empower architects to create new forms and shapes of large-scale, mixed-use developments, this paper concludes by highlighting the need for interdisciplinary research in incorporating elevators in skyscrapers.

ANALYSIS OF TALL BUILDINGS FOR DESIRED ANGLE OF DIAGRIDS

Diagrids structural systems have emerged as most innovative way of approach to tall buildings in this era. Variations of the diagrid system have evolved to the point of making its use to construction of tall building. Investigation in depth on design methodology of Diagrids structures, gave the powerful structural strength and symbolic architectural view. The diagrid structure of each storey height is designed with diagonals placed at various uniform angles as well as gradually changing angles along the building height in order to determine the optimal uniform angle for each structure with a different height and to investigate the structural potential of diagrids with changing angles The comparison of 24-storey diagrid structural system with different uniform angles is presented here.. The 24 storey diagrid structural system with different angles are modelled and analyzed by using Etabs Software. Now a day the Non linear analysis is essential for a tall building, in this present study the non linear analysis is carried out for the considered diagrid structural system. The comparison of analyzed results in terms of top storey displacement, time period, storey shears and mode shapes is presented here.

Structural Design and Construction of Complex-Shaped Tall Buildings

Today's diverse architectural design trends have produced tall buildings of various forms, such as twisted, tilted, and free forms, as can be seen in the Infinity Tower in Dubai, Veer Towers in Las Vegas and Phare Tower project in Paris. This paper studies various structural system design options for these complex-shaped tall buildings and their performances. For each complex form category, tall buildings are designed with different contemporary structural systems, such as diagrids, braced tubes and outrigger systems. The structural efficiency of each system, in conjunction with building forms, heights and height-to-width aspect ratios, is studied. Parametric structural models are generated to investigate the impacts of variation of important geometric configurations of complex-shaped tall buildings. The models are then exported to structural engineering software for analyses and design. Based on the study results, comparative structural efficiency of different structural systems for tall buildings of each complex form category is estimated.

The Experimental Research on Special Polymerized Sulfur Composite- Impregnated Concrete and Cement Mortar

Specific chemical environments step out in the industry objects. This paper presents experimental investigation results of the chemical resistance of special polymerized sulfur composite impregnated concrete and cement mortar. The special polymerized sulfur composite applied as the industrial waste material. The process of special polymerized sulfur composite as the industrial waste material production is a thermal treatment process in the temperature of about 150-155°C. The result of such treatment is special sulfur composite in a liquid state. Special sulfur composite in a liquid state is mixed with previously heated extender. In the paper there is presented development of the special polymerized sulfur composite as the industrial waste material, along with the practical uses in building industry. Also this paper presents the results of the experimental research and analyses indicating the usefulness of special polymerized sulfur composite to the protection against corrosion of concrete and cement mortar. In this paper the review of the literature have been done, among other things about select using special polymerized sulfur composite in buildings, about the methods of the surface protection against corrosion of concrete and about the methods of the evaluation of protection layer on these materials. Also in paper presents materials also the domain of the personal investigations and the methodology are definite. The research has comprised the compositions and the conditions for the formation of materials. The physical and mechanical properties of special polymerized sulfur composite have been evaluated. After the analysis of the initial results the optimum compositions have been chosen to the experimental research. In this paper the usefulness of special polymerized sulfur composite to the surface protection against corrosion of the concrete and cement mortar have been evaluated. Special polymerized sulfur composite impregnation of lean concrete and cement mortar increases its compressive strength from less than 1/3 to 1-1/2 times that of high strength concrete. Maximum absorption of special polymerized sulfur composite is achieved by carrying out the impregnation in molten sulfur under vacuum. Recent work indicates that satisfactory impregnation levels may also be achieved without the use of vacuum. Studies also show that while impregnation of high strength concrete and cement mortar increases its final strength to a value higher than that of low strength concrete, the relative increase in strength and the amount of special polymerized sulfur composite absorbed are smaller. Special polymerized sulfur composite impregnated concrete and cement mortar (SIC) may be used where high strength, resistance to water penetration, chemicals etc. are required. Available impregnating technology is applicable to precast concrete and cement mortar structures, while suitable technology for impregnating cast-in-place concrete needs to be developed. The impregnation of building materials such as blocks and bricks with melted special polymerized sulfur composite increases the compressive strength by a factor of 2 and modulus of elasticity by a factor of 3. The permeability of special polymerized sulfur composite impregnated materials to water and salt solutions is also greatly reduced. Due to the large surplus of sulphur and the low price, special polymerized sulfur composite impregnation of building materials will find extensive use in tall building construction. The space in concrete and cement mortar resulting from porosity reduces strength, exposes the concrete to chemical attack and, if filled with water, leads to destructive frost action at low temperatures. Filling the pores permanently and completely with an inert solid appears to be an effective way to improve mechanical properties and durability. Laboratory studies of impregnation with polymers have indicated that this is beneficial. New developments in concrete and cement mortar special sulfur polymer materials have declined in the Poland. There are still many products that are widely used, but the growth of these materials seems to have stabilized. A brief summary of new products related to special sulfur polymer composite impregnation, repair, overlays and precast polymer concrete will be presented. Sulfur polymer composite impregnation, which has received little attention in recent years, currently has some very interesting applications. Repair materials, particularly low modulus sulfur polymer concretes, have proven to be very effective. An innovative overlay for use in areas where freezing and thawing is prevalent has been developed.

Challenges for concrete in tall buildings

AbstractTall buildings present unique challenges in terms of both design and construction. The definition of tall is always a matter for debate and actually is related to the proportions of the building, although the actual physical height does also result in other influences such as extreme lateral loading.Concrete features prominently in providing the structural material for most cores and framing options, thus ensuring stability of the structure. The core of a tall building is important structurally as well as for forming the spine for vertical transportation and services. There can be a wide choice of size and shape, which is dictated in part by the geometry of the building and the site.This paper focuses on some of the issues for concrete, which is a key material in tall building construction, and is based on some of the work of an fib task group that has been formed to bring together important guidance based on experience of design and construction.

Automated Lifting System Integrated with Construction Hoists for Table Formwork in Tall Buildings

AbstractIn tall-building construction, the equipment-driven table formwork method is a useful alternative for improving productivity of horizontal formwork with less skilled labor. The lifting system significantly affects the productivity and costs of table formwork operation. This study proposes a new system integrated with the construction hoists for automating the lifting process of table formwork. The system targets crane-independent transportation for productivity improvements while overcoming the limitations of the existing independent lifting system, which include high initial cost and extra work for assembly and operation. In a case study, the proposed system showed 49.4% improved productivity over a tower crane, and equipment costs were 73.8% lower than those of the existing independent system. The simplified structure of the system through integration with the hoist could minimize the additional time and cost inputs for its assembly and operation. The proposed system could provide more flexible ...

고층 건축물 마감공사를 위한 건설용 리프트 계획 및 관리 통합형 양중모델

The objective of this study is to propose an integrated lifting model of planning and operation for finishing works in tall building construction. The model consists of five components: lifting schedule chart, lifting load leveling, lifting equipment planning, lifting TACT and lifting table. The model was designed to provide a more practical lifting planning and operating method for construction managers as well as to cope with unexpected schedule delays. To validate the proposed model, a case study was performed in building a construction project; questionnaires were distributed in order to evaluate its effectiveness compared with the original method. A case study showed the following results. (1) The model is estimated to provide more practical lifting planning alternatives compared with the original method to construction managers. (2) The model can be a valuable management tool in terms of the lifting operation of construction lift. (3) The model can be provide an effective method to cope with unexpected situations through the integration of lifting planning and operation. Therefore, It is expected that the proposed model can be employed as practical means to the planning and operation of construction lift at construction sites.

Lifting Wing in Constructing Tall Buildings —Aerodynamic Testing

This paper builds on previous research by the authors which determined the global state-of-the-art of constructing tall buildings by surveying the most active specialist tall building professionals around the globe. That research identified the effect of wind on tower cranes as a highly ranked, common critical issue in tall building construction. The research reported here presents a design for a “Lifting Wing,” a uniquely designed shroud which potentially allows the lifting of building materials by a tower crane in higher and more unstable wind conditions, thereby reducing delay on the programmed critical path of a tall building. Wind tunnel tests were undertaken to compare the aerodynamic performance of a scale model of a typical “brick-shaped” construction load (replicating a load profile most commonly lifted via a tower crane) against the aerodynamic performance of the scale model of the Lifting Wing in a range of wind conditions. The data indicate that the Lifting Wing improves the aerodynamic performance by a factor of up to 50%.

Proposing a More Efficient Model to Enhance Natural Ventilation in Residential Buildings

Increase in population is one of the main reasons for human to live in height but in construction of tall-buildings the energy supply has been ignored; moreover mismanagement of natural resources in Iran during recent years has been led to raise concerns among authorities. This article seeks to provide a model which is proposed to use wind-catchers which exists in traditional Iranian architecture to enhance natural ventilation in residential buildings. Therefore, wind catcher performance is analyzed by Carrier software in one proposed model in Tehran. The research approach is simulation, modeling and applied techniques to calculate a proposed model. [1] Collecting information method also is library searching and physical studies. According to the data collected about the features and usage of the wind-catchers in Tehran, only some parts of this tall-building are naturally ventilated. Therefore, the traditional natural ventilation systems cannot be adequate unless the building mechanical systems are used.

Application of Modularized Low-Position Jacking Formwork System in Core-Tube Building

Compared with other template construction technology, jacking formwork system has the advantages of self-climbing, less operating personnel, good safety and good construction quality, with relatively innovative construction techniques and technology and has been widely used in the construction of tall buildings in recent years. The lifting principles and characteristics of jacking formwork were introduced in the paper. Based on the application in a tall building project, construction technologies of the formwork were introduced.

Site Measurement of Modularized Low-Position Hydraulic Jacking Formwork System

Jacking formwork system has been widely used in the construction of tall buildings and modularized low-position jacking steel platform formwork system is made up of several assembled and turnover subsystems, including steel truss platform system, steel columns supporting system, formwork and rack system, two-way-acting hydraulic jack and its control system.The paper described the application of the system in Fuzhou Yu Yang Central Golden Plaza Project and construction site monitoring were conducted. According to the site monitoring result, the performance of the jacking formwork system is further illustrated. In the end some suggestions were put forward to ensure construction safet .

Vibration control parameters investigation of the Mega-Sub Controlled Structure System (MSCSS)

Excessive vibrations induced by earthquake excitation and wind load are an obstacle in design and construction of tall and super tall buildings. An innovative vibration control structure system (Mega-Sub Controlled Structure System-MSCSS) was recently proposed to further improve humans comfort and their safeties during natural disasters. Preliminary investigations were performed using a two dimensional equivalent simplified model, composed by 3 mega-stories. In this paper, a more reasonable and realistic scaled model is design to investigate the dynamical characteristics and controlling performances of this structure when subjected to strong earthquake motion. The control parameters of the structure system, such as the modulated sub-structures disposition; the damping coefficient ratio (RC); the stiffness ratio (RD); the mass ratio of the mega-structure and sub-structure (RM) are investigated and their optimal values (matched values) are obtained. The MSCSS is also compared with the so-called Mega-Sub Structure (MSS) regarding their displacement and acceleration responses when subjected to the same load conditions. Through the nonlinear time history analysis, the effectiveness and the feasibility of the proposed mega-sub controlled structure system (MSCSS) is demonstrated in reducing the displacement and acceleration responses and also improving human comfort under earthquake loads.

Tall Buildings and Urban Expansion: Tracing the Evolution of Zoning in the United States

Zoning has been a powerful force in shaping the three-dimensional landscape of the urban built environment. Although market forces and private interests have historically controlled the decision-making process, land-use regulations have been used to counter market failures and to collectively guide the growth of the American city. During the second half of the nineteenth century, advancements in construction and building technologies, including the steel structural frame, internal pneumatic and telegraphic communications, efficient mechanical systems, and improved fireproofing materials and techniques, allowed for the construction of structures of increasing height. As tall building construction flourished in major U.S. cities, issues of light, ventilation, and public health, as well as encroachment of incompatible uses, began to capture the public’s attention. Where tenement reform laws had addressed residential overcrowding, owners, architects, and public officials viewed building regulations as a means to minimize the negative impacts of increasingly massive structures on surrounding property values and public space. This article discusses the evolution of zoning and its implications for the form of cities and suburbs by tracing the history of New York’s first comprehensive zoning law. It first presents the economic, social, and technological forces leading to calls for regulation of the built environment and then examines the passage of the 1916 Zoning Resolution as it related to issues of public health, separation of uses, and real estate economics. Finally, the article explores the effect of zoning on the growth of the New York region, focusing on its impact on urban form and the spatial patterns of development and its relationship to emerging issues of environmental sustainability and urban resilience.