Consciousness Of World Research Articles

РЕЧЕВОЕ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕ В ЭПОХУ ПОСТПРАВДЫ

The article is devoted to the characterization of the modern system of mass communication and its influencing potential on the mass addressee in the post-truth era. The author considers speech impact in the sphere of mass media as part of a more complex and technically advanced phenomenon of information-psychological impact, which provides for the use by the communicator not only of linguistic means, but also various techniques of audio-visualization. The main forms of information-psychological influence (persuasion and suggestion), which complement each other in the course of communication and are manifested in different types of information, are distinguished. On the basis of synchronic-diachronic, descriptive and functional methods, the author concludes that the system of indirect communicative influence on human thinking and actions forms a universal multilevel patterns matrix of constructing autonomous hyperreality in media space. This system is a consequence and at the same time the root cause of the emergence of the phenomenon of post-truth as a result of the improvement of communication media. The results of the study allow to conclude that the closest type of information to the reflection of objective reality is factual information, because at the level of a single fact the possibility of subjective-evaluative interpretation of an event excludes. At the same time, the communicator’s orientation (towards informing or misinforming) is determined by the system of his basic values of upbringing, education and culture, which in its turn determines the presence of political will and the nature of coverage of what is happening. The issues of social management and building a picture of the world in individual and mass consciousness are reduced to the figures, characteristics, other circumstances of an event, which form the basis of the message and through which the struggle between Truth and post-truth (lies) is conducted in the information space.

마가렛 앳우드의 초기 시에 나타난 유령과 타자성

This paper explores how ghosts in Margaret Atwood's early poetry represent otherness, specifically the division of the self or the repressed heterogeneous elements. Drawing on the similarity between Atwood's ghost imagery and the way hysteria and the unconscious enter the symbolic world of consciousness or language, this paper interprets ghosts as representing the other that exists either externally in nature or internally within the self, following Julia Kristeva's concept of the abject. In Atwood's poetry, white explorers, settlers, and Susanna Moodie as colonial pioneers are positioned as subjects, while the indigenous peoples, wilderness, and animals they displace occupy the position of the other. These others, as abject beings, experience death and resurrection, disturbing the settlers' identity by inhabiting their space as ghosts. This aligns with Kristeva's explanation of the abject as the essential precondition for the emergence of the self; the subject must continually expel the abject to establish its own identity, even as the abject remains a fundamental condition of existence. Atwood's ghosts, therefore, signify her unique sense of otherness, traversing the boundaries between human and animal, life and death, and seeking to dismantle otherness.

Demonstration of the potential use of off-grid renewable energy in agricultural production in rural Uganda

Background As the world's consciousness of the threats posed by the current state of climate change and its related consequences on food security increase, several nations, including Uganda, have modified their long-term plans for the shift to low-carbon economies and provision of affordable off-grid renewable energy (RE) sources especially in rural areas. Methods Through a citizen science initiative, this study examined the adoption of off-grid renewable energy in agricultural production in rural Uganda, with a focus on solar, charcoal briquettes, and biogas technologies. The study employed a cross-sectional study design and combined qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. Data were collected through structured interviews with 1,068 households and 20 key informants. An in-depth review of case studies of RE use in agriculture was also done. Results All respondents embraced at least one RE technology, predominantly solar (92% of respondents), highlighting its widespread adoption. Women exhibited higher adoption rates, particularly in solar and charcoal briquettes usage. The diverse applications of RE in agriculture were evident ranging from solar-powered irrigation, drying of produce, brooding, to biogas digesters for fertilizer production. Benefits associated with RE implementation were multifaceted, including time savings, enhanced health and safety, income generation, and environmental sustainability. Despite these advantages, barriers such as high initial costs and limited awareness persist. Conclusions This study highlights the significant potential of off-grid renewable energy in agricultural production in rural Uganda. Widespread adoption and scale-up of RE technologies requires strong collaborations between government, non-government organisations and private actors to build community awareness, train community resource persons on operation and management, and provide financing for the acquisition of RE technologies.

Mediatization and Mystique. Volodymyr Zelensky’s Self-Presentation on Instagram

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: This study uses mediatization theory and Goffman’s concept of self-presentation to explain the inseparable role of social media in the rise of Volodymyr Zelensky in Ukrainian politics and, since the Russian invasion, world consciousness. From the start, his political persona has been governed far more by media logic than political calculation, although the former has translated into the latter. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The analysis explores how Zelensky develops an iconic communication style through visual framing and other mediation techniques. Towards this end, we conduct a visual content analysis of images posted to his official Instagram account across three points in time: his candidacy, presidency before the invasion, and first year of the invasion. 100 images are sampled from each time period and subjected to detailed visual and nonverbal analysis. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: Employing framing theory and Goffman’s notion of self-presentation, the study explains the Ukrainian leader’s skillful use of visual and nonverbal messaging to project an image of an everyman president and, beginning with the February 2022 invasion, emergent soldier-in-chief. The analysis also shows how specific visual appeals (e.g., facial expressions, Ukrainian symbols) and background settings influence Zelensky’s presentation over time. RESEARCH RESULTS: Results show how the inclusion of more political, and then diplomatic and military, elites in posts during his presidency and year one of the invasion positions Zelensky as a recognized leader while solidifying his status as soldier-in-chief. Indeed, the ubiquity and universality of his soldier persona have become a widely recognized symbol of the fight for democratic freedom. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The study illustrates how Zelensky utilizes social media, Instagram in particular, as a platform for compelling self-presentation while communicating a message of national unity and resolve. His ubiquitous media presence has introduced a new perspective on leadership during wartime.

ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS IN BHUMISUKTAM (ATHARVAVEDA-12/1)

As we know that, the study of Vedas and understanding its meaning is a vast and complex process. Basically, the main reason for this complexity is the deviation of understanding the meaning of the ancient language. This is why Wiseman gives instructions to study of the Vedas along with the six Vedangas and Purans. There is no denying that as a result of this indication, the study of Vedas has been restricted to one area. In modern times, the poetic forms of various Suktam of the Vedas, Social Consciousness, Spiritual Consciousness, World Consciousness, and Environmental Awareness became the focus of discussion. Today, in the world there are many countries always active in protecting the balance of the environment. Although there was hardly any environmental thought during the Vedic period. Then people were not aware of the environment? In the answer of such question, it can be said that the people of Vedic period did not do anything to pollute the environment. It is also said that they did not think about the environment separately, accepted the environment as a part of their life. As a result, there is no question of environmental pollution. In this regard, it is not right to say that in the Vedic period, people were vigilant about environmental awareness, because they used to live and earn their living in the natural environment and they unconsciously valued and always protected the environment. In the Vedic literature such environmental suktams are, Bristisuktam, Nadisuktam, Vaksuktam and one of the main suktam is Prithivisuktam or Bhumisuktam.

COGNITIVE-DISCURSIVE APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF FICTION TEXT

Scholars in the field of cognitive linguistics argue that its fundamental principle is the relationship between language and cognition. Currently, cognitive linguistics investigates the relationship between language and consciousness, the role of speech and thinking activity in conceptualising and cognising the world, and the relationship between human cognitive abilities and language. The notions of “concept” and “discourse” significantly shape the character of modern linguistics, including cognitive linguistics. The study of discourse as an abstract model of language activity becomes a fruitful method for revealing high-level concepts reflecting knowledge about the world and language in consciousness.

REFLECTION OF MYTHICAL PLOTS IN CHILDREN'S GAME FOLKLORE

It is known that the conscious beginning of the cultural life of any nation is rooted in a myth. From a historical point of view, myth is the first spiritual and cultural form of human consciousness and retains its leadership character to this day. The golden core of every culture is a value system fueled by a mythical worldview. In other words, a myth is a complex worldview closely related to the laws of formation of each culture. The myth depicts the inner spiritual movement of the conscious life of mankind and its relationship with the surrounding nature and the social environment. The myth is reflected in culture as a whole as a model of the world in human consciousness. Mythical narratives arise from the purpose of depicting the world, which raises various questions in people's minds, as compensation for the need to create a complete model by improving unfinished parts of the world that have not yet been "realized" by mythical consciousness. For example, he explains countless questions in his own way, for example, how heaven and earth, the sun and the moon, humanity and animals, and other natural phenomena appeared, thereby creating a mythical model of the world in human consciousness. The article shows that such a representation of real life is the main form of mythical consciousness. In addition, game elements in any myth are analyzed and described. The purpose and objective of the article are to distinguish mythical plots in children's game folklore and emphasise game elements. It is determined that the meaningful and structural commonality of the game with the myth is clearly visible, primarily in children's play.

The concept of <i>family</i> as a key concept of the artistic world of K. G. Karnyshev

The concepts that are understood as structural units of human consciousness that store a set of knowledge, primarily about the phenomena of the surrounding world that have accompanied a person since ancient times and are part of the national culture, are of the greatest interest for modern humanitarian research. That is, it is a multicomponent mental entity, which is the result of reflecting the real world in a person's consciousness in the context of ethno- and socio-cultural specifics. The aim of the work is to study the features of the artistic embodiment of the primary concept of family in the prose of K. G. Karnyshev. The aim of the work is to study the features of the artistic embodiment of the primary concept of family in the prose of K. G. Karnyshev. Achieving this goal involves solving the following tasks: 1) consideration of the concept of "concept" in the humanities; 2) study of the implementation of the concept of family in the Russian literature of the 20th century; 3) definition of the components of the basic concept of family; 4) study of the conceptualization of family relations in the prose of K. Karnyshev; 5) analysis of the central secondary concept of the house; 6) identification of the features of the embodiment of the secondary concept of the genus. Procedure and methods. The paper uses problem-thematic (analysis of the themes and issues of the writer's works, taking into account the peculiarities of their worldview), historical and literary (the study of the writer's creativity in the context of the historical process), conceptual and cultural methods. Results. The analysis showed that the "Family" in K. G. Karnyshev's prose is the basis of human life, it is in the family that the system of values and life attitudes is determined. Considering interpersonal relationships in the family, the author speaks bitterly about the loss of a kindred spiritual connection between close people. Frames are being erased, stereotypes are being destroyed – the traditional concept of family is being destroyed. But for K. Karnyshev, it is still the family that is a necessary condition for the formation of a person's personality; moral foundations are laid in the family. Research implications. The work of K. Karnyshev provides rich material for studying the history, culture and life of the region. The themes and problems that the author solves in his works remain relevant and interesting, since literature is a reflection of life.

Sri Aurobindo-The Pioneer of Human Unity: Relevance in Today’s World

Sri Aurobindo was one of the thinkers and philosophers who emerged in the pure land of India in the nineteenth century. The transition of the revolutionary Aurobindo to the sage Aurobindo, who participated in the liberation war of the country from colonial rule and exploitation by the imperialist British power, was a breakthrough moment. In Sri Aurobindo’s thinking, at the meeting place of our world consciousness, the inanimate is real to the mind (cit), and so is the truth to the mind and inanimate because the world is the soul and mind pervaded by consciousness, the light of one whole being. They are bridges between two entities. In this article, I shall discuss the aspect of Sri Aurobindo’s establishment of universal unity by referring to the different aspects of his transition to the superman through the stages of the higher mind, illuminated mind, intuitive mind, and overmind. Next, I will analyse Sri Aurobindo's concept of unity through yoga. I shall also focus on the enlightened awareness of spiritual unity following Sri Aurobindo. Then, how Sri Aurobindo explains the real progress of civilization through Supermind will be discussed briefly. Next, I would also highlight Sri Aurobindo’s thought on the integral approach to human unity. Finally, I would like to conclude the paper through a discussion of contemporary relevance and the need for real unity today.

Analysis of the evaluation zone of the concept "Civil War" in A. Fadeev's novel "The Rout"

The relevance of the research lies in the fact that in linguistics, the study of concepts is an urgent direction that allows us to consider words in their cultural, cognitive and communicative contexts. The purpose of the study is to characterize the evaluation zone of the concept of "Civil War" in A. Fadeev's novel "The Rout". The description of the concept "Civil War" allows us to clarify the peculiarity of the individual experience of cognition of this social concept. The variety of interpretative fields is caused by the peculiarity of the conceptualization of the world in the individual consciousness. In the structure of the concept, the interpretative field of the concept "Civil War" as a periphery, its irreplaceable role in conceptual analysis is determined. The main content of the study is the analysis of the evaluative zone of the interpretative field, in which the characteristics and properties inherent in the concept of "Civil War" are always interpreted in a new way. In this study, the author used the method of conceptual analysis, the method of contextual analysis and logical-semantic analysis. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the study of the novel "The Rout" by A. A. Fadeev has practically not received enough attention, despite the fact that it is one of the most representative works of the twenties of the last century. There are very few scientific papers devoted to the concept of "Civil War". The analytical algorithm of concept research can be applied to the conceptual analysis of similar works of art. Being a direct witness of the war, A. A. Fadeev evaluates it based on the impressions of eyewitnesses, and the study demonstrates his generalized view and understanding of the struggle between the reds and whites, which is manifested in a number of moments through the main components of the assessment of the war by different classes of the novel's heroes, which in general constitute the essence of the Civil War. The results of the study allow us to conclude that in the interpretative field, assessments are mostly negative, which reflects the brutality of the war and the fact that class struggle was an integral cause of the Civil War.

Research on World Consciousness in Guo Moruo’s Poetry

This article starts from the world trend of thought absorbed by Guo Moruo, sorts out Guo Moruo’s world consciousness and the dynamic process of his acceptance of world trends, and explores the reasons why these advanced trends of thought were applied by Guo Moruo in combination with Guo Moruo’s life experience and spiritual life. Finally, the authors return to Guo Moruo’s poetry works and analyze how these ideological currents have brought about some important changes in his poetry creation, leading to some of his poetry works presenting new characteristics and becoming a revolutionary milestone in the history of literature.

Transitivity Analysis of Taylor Swift’s Lyrics in Midnights Album

The research analyzes 20 songs in Midnights (3 a.m. version), a record-breaking album by Taylor Swift using Halliday’s transitivity framework and Simpson’s stylistic approach to the lyrics that are regarded as a form of verbal play. The objective is to prove that the transitivity choice is stylized for supporting the theme building of songs in Taylor Swift’s Midnights album. The transitivity analysis is taken as the tool to reveal the mind style impregnated in the lyric texts. Three dominant types of processes found are the human experience of the external world (material 41,09%), the internal world of consciousness (mental 16,89%), and the identification and classification to relate one aspect of the experience to another (relational 29,11%). These three dominant proccesses build the ideational meaning of the music album which reflects the songwriter’s view of the world. The songs are found to be taking four subjects of experience which are being in love, being in a bitter relationship, facing self-contempt, and scheming revenge. Such construe of the world is represented by the transitivity processes found in song lyrics enunciating one’s outlook on reality through song lyrics. The findings of the result are contributive to English learners who have an interest in examining texts of popular culture.

PROBLEMS OF ANNOTATION OF CULTURAL UNITS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL AND REPRESENTATIVE SUBCORPUSES

One of the most urgent problems in modern Kazakh society is the revitalization of the spirit of the people through a comprehensive study of the continuity of native culture and history, formed through the language and preserved in the language. The solution to this problem is directly related to the continuation of the structural system of language research to the anthropocentric direction, which is developing on a large scale in Kazakh linguistics and reflects the national view of the world in linguistic consciousness. In this regard, recent research and published lexicographic works show the relevance of using rich information from cultural and representative texts that reflect the existence of each people. Because such texts, which reflect the individuality and uniqueness of each nation, are the code, priceless precious heritage, and linguistic treasure of that nation as the main indicator of the formation of the nation. That is why collecting, sorting, understanding, and revitalizing cultural texts is a very urgent problem. They will survive from the depths of centuries from generation to generation and serve for the future of the mother tongue. So, if we take an inventory of our ancient cultural texts and create a corpus of the Kazakh language, a modern reflection of national values will be created in the language, and some forgotten or outdated words with dull meanings will be revived and taken a place in the vocabulary. Thus, the vocabulary of the language will become richer, the scope of use of the state language will expand, and the process of term formation will intensify.

GESTALT WORDS

The article considers the conclusions of researchers about the image of the world, the system of meanings, the mentality and the culture of the nation as the subject of research. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the problem of Word formation from a scientific and cognitive point of view. The topic of the topic allows us to understand the basics of gestalt-linguistic semantics of a word (Language). The word is created with the help of cognition, being, action, concentration of the image of the world in thought, the formation of a certain concept.The article also explains that word formation is influenced by both cultural cognition and the mental process. That is, the gestalt of a word is an action, semantics, thought, concept, sound form, nominative - the integrity of everything. The article uses methods of contextual analysis, differentiation, content analysis, deductive, inductive, and generalization of research results. The article also describes the psycholinguistic essence of the language. The author emphasizes that a word (language) from a single sound to a text is the main discourse that has a gestalt character, conveys the picture of the world through language. The author of the article explains that this word is a generalized image of the world in consciousness captured at a single point; a nominative, semantic representation of the image of the world in consciousness. In conclusion, we note that the gestalt of the word as a whole is formed from the content of thought, which is concentrated in consciousness through various actions.

‘Very Fond of Spirituous Liquors’: Alcohol and Fugitive Black Life in the Slaveholding South

ABSTRACT Hard labour, toil, and the pain and suffering of social and corporeal violence branded enslaved experiences in the slaveholding world of the plantation South. But enslaved people were also simultaneously in constant motion in the making of insuppressible alternative worlds that fundamentally endangered the fragile system of chattel slavery. In everyday acts of self-interest and refusal, enslaved people built and sustained a competing world of fugitive consciousness and practice that was often bolstered, emboldened, and reinforced by the consumption and possession of spirituous liquors. This essay treats Black people’s relationships with alcohol during the period of enslavement as an analytic for locating contestations of power and Black social life – or, an often overlooked yet revealing window into the transgressive underworlds of enslaved and fugitive making. Despite great efforts to control their bodies, movement, and intake, enslaved people poured, drank, and put alcohol to use in their creation of uncapturable moments and spaces of self-making, pleasure, sociality, and resistance. Whether joining outlaw parties, trading in forbidden clandestine economies, fleeing the confines of plantation borders, living maroon lives, or plotting and executing revolt, those sharing in these fugitive pursuits viewed alcohol as a valuable ingredient in the advancement of free life.

Color vocabulary in Spanish and Georgian phraseological units and their linguocultural aspects

All languages reflect the theoretical, practical and cultural knowledge of man and his culture, which man acquires in the process of conceptualizing of the world. Linguoculturology draws special attention because it studies the relationship between language and culture. The reflection of the world (its objective reality) in human consciousness is represented by the connection between conceptual and linguistic worldviews. Color is a universal category, although in each language community it carries and maintains its special specificity. The basic vocabulary of colors can vary between cultures and languages. The main colors in the language create a worldview in the form of colors, in turn, they represent the linguistic image of the world. Phraseological units containing colors are an important phenomenon for the Spanish culture, which is also reflected in the language and gives it a special nuance and peculiarity. In the present report, we present a linguocultural analysis of those phraseological units that include the semantic elements of color in both Spanish phraseological and Georgian phraseological units.

Образ цифрового мира и восприятие политики цифровизации в общественном сознании россиян

The modern world is rapidly transforming due to the development of digital technologies. As a result of digitalization, social relations in society are undergoing changes, the habitual way of life of a large part of the population is changing, which affects their perception of new technologies. In the Russian literature, there is a whole layer of research aimed at studying the attitude of the country's population to the processes of digitalization, at studying the factors of positive and negative attitudes towards technology. This study is devoted to the study of images of the digital world in the mass consciousness of the population, to identify public expectations and fears associated with the development and implementation of digital technologies in society, as well as the attitude of citizens to the state policy on digitalization of various spheres. As part of the project, 6 focus groups were held online with residents of three regions of Russia - Moscow, Irkutsk, Volgograd in different age categories. As the study showed, the digital world is poorly conceptualized in the public mind of the respondents. Respondents' perceptions of digital technologies are superficial and differ in different age groups. The respondents’ lack of a reflective view of digital technologies is also reflected in their assessments of the positive and negative aspects of digitalization. In general, in the worldview of respondents, digital technologies, first of all, are tools for improving the convenience and comfort of life. The actions of the authorities to transfer many public services and services online are evaluated mainly positively. However, the threat of total control of the population (by the state or large corporations) is the main fear associated with the digitalization process.

Woman as the Embodiment of Desire in Algirdas Landsbergis’ Short Stories

The woman as the embodiment of desire in the writings of Algirdas Jeronimas Landsbergis (1924–2004) – a Lithuanian expatriate playwright, novelist, editor, and literary and theatre critic – is not an ordinary literary character but symbolises the unique relationship between the rational world of consciousness and the instinctive, primal needs expressed in creative fantasies. The image of the woman-fantasy appears in the author’s short stories. It allows us to explore the inherent egocentricity of desire, the experience of lust that constrains subjectivity. C. G. Jung’s philosophy is used to classify fantasy images and identify their characteristic features, while E. Husserl’s phenomenology of consciousness is applied to the description of the protagonists’ experiences in the process of unique emotional occurrences. Short stories “Duet for Female Voice and Violin in Venice”, “A Long Night”, and “The Second Mountain Range” are analysed as expressions of the experiencing consciousness and the creating unconscious. The desires and fantasies of the protagonists materialise into a woman who is seen as a creation of lust; her body is reified by demonstrating power. However, a phantasmatic metamorphosis of characters is powerless to solve their dilemmas and inner confusion, as lust is based on one-sided, searching, and striving relations with the world in the absence of any answer.

Russian Philosophers on the Concept of a Scientific Worldview

The article shows the controversiality of the concept of “scientific worldview.” It indicates its connection with the ideology of Marxism, which claimed to reflect the objective laws of social development. The idea is made that within the framework of this approach, the understanding of the worldview as a source of personal meanings gives way to its vision as a combination of principles of socially significant activity. This approach is opposed to the position of Russian philosophers who criticized the concept of a scientific worldview and pointed out that the source of personal meanings that make up the content of the worldview is the life experience of the subject, understood as irrational introduction to being. To express such an introduction to being, the concepts of “world sense” and “world consciousness” used by Berdyaev can be used. Conceptual, scientific worldview means the attitude to reality as something external, otherworldly, i. e. is the position of substance. Science, according to Berdyaev, is knowledge of necessity through adaptation to world given and knowledge of necessity. To fill the meaning of the inner life of a person, a specific being of a person plays a decisive role, which acts as a form of rooting in being as such. In other words, a person acquires the main meanings of his existence not on the basis of a worldview, the content of which is a generalized image of the outside world, they are acquired from his own experience of spiritual growth, which constitutes the essential basis of life.

Etiology of anxious and fearful behavior in juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (CLN3 disease).

Juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL, CLN3) is a childhood-onset neurodegenerative disease with prominent symptoms comprising a pediatric dementia syndrome. As in adult dementia, behavioral symptoms like mood disturbances and anxiety are common. In contrast to in adult dementia, however, the anxious behavioral symptoms increase during the terminal phase of JNCL disease. In the present study, the current understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms of anxiety and anxious behavior in general is addressed as will a discussion of the mechanism of the anxious behavior seen in young JNCL patients. Based on developmental behavioral points of view, known neurobiological mechanisms, and the clinical presentation of the anxious behavior, a theory of its etiology is described. During the terminal phase, the cognitive developmental age of JNCL patients is below 2 years. At this stage of mental development individuals act primarily from a concrete world of consciousness and do not have the cognitive ability to encounter a normal anxiety response. Instead, they experience the evolutionary basic emotion of fear, and as the episodes typically are provoked when the adolescent JNCL patient is exposed to either loud sounds, is lifted from the ground, or separated from the mother/known caregiver, the fear can best be perceived as the developmental natural fear-response that appears in children 0-2 years of age. The efferent pathways of the neural fear circuits are mediated through autonomic, neuroendocrine, and skeletal-motor responses. The autonomic activation occurs early, is mediated through the sympathetic and parasympathetic neural systems, and as JNCL patients beyond puberty have an autonomic imbalance with a significant sympathetic hyperactivity, the activation of the autonomic nervous system results in a disproportionate high sympathetic activity resulting in tachycardia, tachypnea, excessive sweating, hyperthermia, and an increased atypical muscle activity. The episodes are thus phenotypically similar to what is seen as Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity (PSH) following an acute traumatic brain injury. As in PSH, treatment is difficult and so far, no consensus of a treatment algorithm exists. Use of sedative and analgesic medication and minimizing or avoiding provocative stimuli may partly reduce the frequency and intensity of the attacks. Transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation might be an option worth to investigate rebalancing the sympathetic-parasympathetic disproportion.