Compatible Relationship Research Articles

A structured rubric for evaluating the many systemic variables that can contribute to parent–child contact problems (PCCP)

AbstractParent–child contact problems (PCCP) are among the most vexing and intractable matters encountered in contemporary divorce and post‐divorce litigation. These complex and incendiary family dynamics can confound even the most experienced evaluators, investigators, and jurists, fueling opposing confirmational biases, and sparking a destructive tug‐of‐war between the aligned parent's allegations of abuse and the rejected parent's allegations of alienation. This article describes all such either/or binary arguments as misleading, contrary to the science, and harmful to children. Rather than cast alienation and estrangement as mutually exclusive alternatives, the systemically‐informed professional must consider more than a dozen mutually compatible practical exigencies and relationship dynamics which can converge to cause a child to align with one parent and resist or refuse contact with the other. Together, these variables are described as constituting an ecological model of the conflicted family system. A rubric is proposed to standardize evaluation across time, children, families, and jurisdictions, minimize bias, avoid premature closure, facilitate more comprehensive evaluations, optimize the efficacy of associated interventions, and invite more rigorous future research.

Exploring the Perceptions of Female PhD Scholars on Selecting a Supervisor: A Narrative Inquiry

This narrative inquiry explored the experiences of PhD students in their relationships with their supervisors. The study identified three themes that emerged from the data analysis. The first theme highlights the importance of compatibility between the supervisor and student. Participants emphasized the need to find a supervisor who shares similar research interests, communication styles, and personality traits. They also discussed the negative consequences of not having a compatible relationship with their supervisor, including decreased motivation, lack of support, and difficulties with communication. The second theme focuses on the role of support from the supervisor. Participants emphasized the importance of having a supportive supervisor who is available and responsive, and who provides guidance and mentorship throughout the PhD process. They also discussed the negative consequences of not having a supportive supervisor, including feelings of isolation and frustration, and difficulties in completing their PhD. The third theme highlights the influence of power dynamics on the student-supervisor relationship. Participants discussed the potential for power imbalances in the supervisor-supervisee relationship, and the impact of these imbalances on their research experiences. The study highlights the importance of compatibility, support, and power dynamics in the student-supervisor relationship for successful outcomes in PhD programs.

Morphogenesis and metabolomics reveal the compatible relationship among Suillus bovinus, Phialocephala fortinii, and their co-host, Pinus massoniana.

Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi and dark septate endophytes (DSEs) can both form a symbiotic relationship with the same host plant. However, the interactions that occur among these two types of fungi and their co-hosts are largely unknown. Here, we investigated interactions that occur among the ECM fungus Suillus bovinus, the DSE Phialocephala fortinii, and their co-host Pinus massoniana. We used both scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy to characterize the morphogenesis of the two symbionts and employed the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique to assess the effects of fungal inoculation on the root metabolome. Under pure culture conditions, no synergistic or antagonistic effects were observed between Phi. fortinii and S. bovinus. Generally, S. bovinus and Phi. fortinii can simultaneously colonize P. massoniana roots without affecting each other's symbiotic processes. S. bovinus can colonize the root locus where Phi. fortinii has already invaded but not vice versa, which may be due to the physical barrier effect of the mantle. Both fungi can significantly promote the growth of P. massoniana, and they have a synergistic effect on host N and K uptake. Metabolite accumulation patterns in roots inoculated with Phi. fortinii and/or S. bovinus were greatly altered, especially with respect to organic acids, flavonoids, lipids, and phenolic acids. S. bovinus inoculation significantly enhanced root flavonoid biosynthesis, whereas Phi. fortinii and dual-inoculation treatments mainly induced phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. These findings reveal compatible relationships among P. massoniana, S. bovinus, and Phi. fortinii, and suggest a theoretical basis for ECM fungi and DSE co-application when cultivating seedlings. IMPORTANCE The prevalence of both ectomycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes in the roots of a wide spectrum of tree species is well recognized. In this study, we investigated the interactions that occur among the ECM fungus S. bovinus, the DSE Phi. fortinii, and their co-host, P. massoniana. The two fungi can simultaneously colonize P. massoniana roots without affecting each other's symbiotic processes. S. bovinus appears to be superior to Phi. fortinii in microniche competition, which may be due to the physical barrier effect of the mantle. The two fungi have different effects on root metabolite accumulation patterns. S. bovinus inoculation significantly enhanced root flavonoid biosynthesis, whereas Phi. fortinii and dual-inoculation treatments mainly induced phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. This is the first study revealing the morphological and metabolic mechanisms that contribute to the compatible relationship among ECM fungi, DSEs, and their co-host.

경력몰입과 조직몰입 간의 관계에 대한 체계적 문헌고찰

This study divided career commitment and organizational commitment into compatible and zero-sum relationships through domestic literature analysis on the relationship between career commitment and organizational commitment. The implications and future research directions were presented by systematically analyzing related preceding variables, outcome variables, mediating variables, and regulatory variables by dividing them into two perspectives. To this end, the main results of analyzing 51 KCI-registered academic journal papers that studied the relationship between the two variables as research subjects, research variables, and research methods are as follows. First, a total of 15 studies have been confirmed to examine the effects between other variables in a zero-sum relationship between career commitment and organizational commitment. Second, 36 studies have been confirmed to examine the effects of career commitment and organizational commitment between other variables in the zero-sum relationship. Third, the two variables were classified as related preceding/mediating/regulation/result variables in the compatible relationship and zero-sum relationship, and a conceptual integrated model was presented. Based on these research results, implications and future research directions were presented.

Repurposing antiparasitic antimonials to noncovalently rescue temperature-sensitive p53 mutations.

The tumor suppressor p53 is inactivated by over hundreds of heterogenous mutations in cancer. Here, we purposefully selected phenotypically reversible temperature-sensitive (TS) p53 mutations for pharmacological rescue with thermostability as the compound-screening readout. This rational screening identified antiparasitic drug potassium antimony tartrate (PAT) as an agent that can thermostabilize the representative TS mutant p53-V272M via noncovalent binding. PAT met the three basic criteria for a targeted drug: availability of a co-crystal structure, compatible structure-activity relationship, and intracellular target specificity, consequently exhibiting antitumor activity in a xenograft mouse model. At the antimony dose in clinical antiparasitic therapy, PAT effectively and specifically rescued p53-V272M in patient-derived primary leukemia cells in single-cell RNA sequencing. Further scanning of 815 frequent p53-missense mutations identified 65 potential PAT-treatable mutations, most of which were temperature sensitive. These results lay the groundwork for repurposing noncovalent antiparasitic antimonials for precisely treating cancers with the 65 p53 mutations.

The activation of gene expression and alternative splicing in the formation and evolution of allopolyploid Brassica napus.

Allopolyploids contain two or more sets of subgenomes. To establish a compatible relationship between subgenomes, a series of gene expression changes has occurred in allopolyploids. What evolutionary changes have taken place in transcripts of Brassica napus during its early establishment and subsequent evolution is a fascinating scientific question. Here, we study this issue using a set of materials (natural and resynthesized B. napus and their progenitors/parents) and long-read RNA sequencing technology. The results showed that more genes were upregulated in resynthesized B. napus compared with its two parents, and more upregulated expressed genes were observed in natural B. napus than in resynthesized B. napus. The presence of upregulated genes in an organism may help it to adapt to the influence of “genomic shock” and cope with the natural environment. Isoforms are produced from precursor mRNAs by alternative splicing (AS) events, and more than 60% of the isoforms identified in all materials were novel, potentially improving the reference genome information for B. napus. We found that the isoform numbers and the numbers of genes potentially involved in AS and alternative polyadenylation increased in B. napus after evolution, and they may have been involved in the adaptation of plants to the natural environment. In addition, all identified isoforms were functionally annotated by searching seven databases. In general, this study can improve our overall understanding of the full-length transcriptome of B. napus and help us to recognize the significant changes in gene expression and isoform abundance that have occurred in allopolyploid B. napus during evolution.

“保护兼容”理念源起、实践与发展

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 “保护兼容”理念源起、实践与发展 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202104020854 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(42001194) The origin, practice and evolvement of conservation-compatible idea Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: The National Natural Science Foundation of China Young Scientist Programme (42001194) 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:以国内外文献、报告、规划为原始材料,以"保护兼容"一词为核心,结合其使用语境,系统阐述在自然保护话语由"堡垒式"转向"社区保护"时,随着自然保护地功能与管理发生变化,人类活动的保护兼容性如何被重新发现并在自然保护实践中助力生物多样性保护。研究发现,"保护兼容"理念充分体现在景观尺度的土地利用连续体上;在生产性景观视角下乡村土地利用和传统农业系统进入自然保护领域;"保护兼容"理念以土地利用为基础下沉到乡村社区的资源管理、生计发展等多类型活动,以各种保护倡议和项目实现,并在发展中国家和发达国家呈现出不同特征。"保护兼容"理念既进行尺度扩展,探索区域内、跨行政区域乃至国家间多利益相关方参与、多类型土地利用贡献于自然保护扩展,也进行尺度下沉,倡导基于本土价值实现全球价值的保护理念。研究提出,全球在生物多样性保护中要进一步重视生产性景观和农业生物多样性保护,而发展中国家面对全球生物多样性保护紧迫目标时,需要坚持社区主体性和在保护实践中的主动性。 Abstract:The idea of a compatible human-nature relationship generally emerged from the reflection on the "fortress approach" of conservation, and a typical feature of that is the spread of enclosed protected areas for landscape management. Since the 1980s, the idea that protected areas should be socially and economically inclusive has begun to grow, and conservation is no longer limited to making rooms for wildlife but aims at compatible biodiversity and human well-being. Taking "conservation compatible" as a core element and considering its context in the research paper, reports, and plans, the research revealed how conservation compatibility of human activities was rediscovered and achieved during the transition of nature conservation discourse from "fortress" to "community-based". First, the concept of "conservation compatibility" is fully reflected in the land use continuum at the landscape scale from strictly preserved land to various working landscapes. Second, rural land use and traditional agricultural systems become a critical part of nature conservation such as other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs). Third, "conservation compatible" was widely used to describe human land use for resource use, livelihood activities, etc, and the concept was realised through various conservation initiatives and schemes which differ in developing and developed regions. Now conservation compatibility is upscaling to describe the participation of multi-stakeholders and integrated management of all types of lands within the region, across administrative regions, and even among countries for more effective conservation networks at multiple scales. On the other hand, the concept is also downscaling back to communities to advocate protecting global biodiversity based on the local context that defines rural communities' resource governance regime and reflects their desire for development. The research pointed out that the biodiversity conservation mission should pay more attention to productive landscape and agro-biodiversity, as well as the policy coordination between agricultural and conservation sectors. This is mainly because the productive landscape has great potential to support high biodiversity and complement the protected area networks. In addition, the research argued that China must apply the conservation compatible idea to resolve the intense land use conflicts by integrated land use planning and natural-based solutions, and to promote rural development through a conservation-compatible livelihood approach, which emphasises the community subjectivity and initiative in conservation when facing the urgent goal of global biodiversity conservation as developing countries. Therefore, when facing the local developing needs while bearing the mission of building a shared future for all life on earth, China can take the lead to develop concrete solutions based on the conservation-compatible idea for better conservation efficiency and human well-being. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Compatibility of entomopathogenic nematodes with plant extracts and post-exposure virulence test under laboratory condition

The efficacy of both botanical pesticides and entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) is largely dose-dependent and driven by environmental conditions. Combination of the EPNs and botanicals may enhance their efficacy; thus, we investigated the compatibility of the medicinal plants Alepidea amatymbica and Elephantorrhiza elephantina with five locally isolated EPN strains, three Steinernema (S. khoisanae, S. biddulphi and S. innovationi) and two Heterorhabditis (H. bacteriophora and Heterorhabditis sp. SGI 244). The experiments were designed to evaluate EPNs survival in plant extracts extracted using water and ethanol at 1%, 0.75%, 0.50%, 0.25% and 0.125% concentrations and nematode viability post-exposure. A concentration of 1000 IJs/mL in distilled water was used. Incubating extracts of A. amatymbica and E. elephantina with EPNs influenced the survival and virulence of the EPN species examined. The percentage survival of the EPNs post-exposure to the plant extracts was dependent on the plant extraction method and concentration in A. amatymbica but not in E. elephantina. The ethanol extraction method supported high percentage survival both at smaller and larger concentrations. The surviving infective juveniles (IJs) were virulent to Tenebrio molitor in both the aqueous and ethanol extracts of A. amatymbica and E. elephantina. However, virulence was observed to be strain-specific and not IJ concentration-dependent. Percentage mortality (against T. molitor) of strains with low percentage survival in aqueous extract of A. amatymbica compared effectively with those of higher percentage survival. The compatible relationship between extracts of the two plants and the EPN strains may lead to improved pest control in agricultural farming systems relative to either one of them applied individually.

Fast structural dynamic modeling and analysis for horizontally folding wing

To investigate the structural dynamic characteristics of a folding wing effectively, a fast structural dynamic modeling approach is proposed. Firstly, the interface compatible relationship of the traditional fixed interface component modal synthesis method is modified, and the internal force of the interface is completely expressed in the structural dynamic equation, so that the influence of the connection stiffness on the wing structure dynamics can be considered. Then, on the basis of the fixed interface component modal synthesis method, the main mode of fixed-loaded interface is introduced to establish the mixed-loaded interface component modal synthesis method, which makes it feasible to accurately reflect the influence of elasticity and inertia of fuselage and outer wing on inner wing. The structural dynamics modeling method based on two different kinds of component modal synthesis method analyzed and deduced in detail. The application of component modal synthesis method in the fast structural dynamics modeling of folding wing is achieved. The whole program is compiled in MATLAB. At the same time, the dynamic characteristics of the folding wing with different folding angles, different connections and different connection positions is investigated. The results of the method proposed in this paper are compared with the results of the repeated finite model established in MSC.NASTRAN to verify the effectiveness from the aspects of natural frequency and vibration mode.

Incentive Compatible Relationship between the ERM II and Close Cooperation in the Banking Union: The Cases of Bulgaria and Croatia

espanolThe goal of expanding participation in the European Banking Union was to allow the “outs” to enter into close cooperation, but it did not include the simultaneous joining of the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM II). Focusing on the cases of Bulgaria and Croatia, this paper attempts to respond to various questions. What is the rationale behind the double requirement of having simultaneously to apply to become a member of the ERM II and to prepare to become a member of the Banking Union via the rule-based “close-cooperation” coordination mechanism between the EU non-euro-area national competent authorities (NCAs) and the European Central Bank (ECB)? Does the integration of close-cooperation countries’ banking systems with the euro-area banking systems support the decision to join the ERM II and “opting in” to the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM)? What are the advantages of preparing to become a full member of the euro area and the SSM? It is evident from the research undertaken in this paper that there are clear benefits of close cooperation for these member states whose domestic currencies are already linked to the euro, in view of the dominant position eurozone banks have in their respective domestic markets. It is more difficult for a national central bank or NCA to exercise discretion in implementing ECB decisions once it is committed to the path leading to full European Monetary Union (EMU) membership. Hence the commitment to join the EMU minimises the authority risk for the ECB as well as for the Single Resolution Board, as safeguards become non-significant and termination is not an issue. The uncertainty about the functioning and durability of the close-cooperation arrangement is largely removed. EnglishEl objetivo de ampliar la participacion en la union bancaria europea era permitir que los paises outs entablaran una cooperacion estrecha, pero no incluia la participacion simultanea en el mecanismo de tipo de cambio (ERM II, por sus siglas en ingles). Centrandose en los casos de Bulgaria y Croacia, este documento intenta responder a varias preguntas. ?Cual es la justificacion del doble requisito de tener que postularse simultaneamente para convertirse en miembro del ERM II y prepararse para convertirse en miembro de la union bancaria a traves del mecanismo de coordinacion de «estrecha cooperacion», basado en normas entre las autoridades nacionales competentes (ANC) de los paises de la Union Europea que no pertenecen al area del euro y el Banco Central Europeo (BCE)? ?La integracion de los sistemas bancarios de los paises en estrecha cooperacion con los sistemas bancarios de la zona del euro respalda la decision de adherirse al ERM II y «optar» por el Mecanismo Unico de Supervision (MUS)? ?Cuales son las ventajas de prepararse para convertirse en miembro de pleno derecho de la zona del euro y del MUS? A partir de la investigacion realizada en este documento, es evidente que existen claros beneficios de una estrecha cooperacion para estos Estados miembros cuyas monedas nacionales ya estan vinculadas al euro, en vista de la posicion dominante que tienen los bancos de la eurozona en sus respectivos mercados nacionales. Es mas dificil para un banco central nacional o una ANC ejercer su discrecion en la implementacion de las decisiones del BCE una vez que esta comprometido con el camino que conduce a la plena adhesion a la Union Economica y Monetaria (UEM). Por lo tanto, el compromiso de unirse a la UEM minimiza el riesgo de autoridad para el BCE y para la Junta Unica de Resolucion, ya que las salvaguardias dejan de ser significativas y la rescision no es un problema. La incertidumbre sobre el funcionamiento y la durabilidad del acuerdo de cooperacion estrecha se ha eliminado en gran medida.

Managing Pressure To Mitigate Environmental Impact

Managed-pressure drilling (MPD) as the simple but effective principle that by managing downhole pressures, critical performance indicators such as risk, safety, efficiency, and cost are also controlled. As the energy world works to balance supply, demand, and the environment, efficient solutions such as MPD can help drive the promise of a compatible relationship. Globally, MPD is increasingly seen as an option to move drilling toward a “green” future. Beyond putting in place an adaptive drilling process to precisely control the annular-pressure profile throughout the well, MPD has consistently shown it can support green credentials for the wells where the application is utilized. This article discusses real-world examples of the less often considered but valuable environmental benefits delivered via MPD which include the following. Lowering the risk of spillage and blowouts Reducing mud chemicals; increasing use of simpler drilling fluids Optimizing drilling operations by reducing nonproductive time (NPT) from geopressure-related events and enabling a reduction of drilling carbon footprint through earlier achievement of well objectives Consuming fewer materials (casing, etc.) through streamlined well architecture These MPD benefits are well documented in the technical literature of the industry. In fact, a basic search for the exact phrase “managed pressure drilling” in OnePetro, the online library of technical literature for the oil and gas industry, shows 1,775 results. A majority of these papers was written in the past 10 years with each year averaging more than 100 technical papers and the average over the past 5 years increasing to 150 papers per year. The numbers tell the story of the growing technical interest in MPD technology which has been sustained even through the recent economic downturns. A further search of these MPD papers shows that 1,117 (63%) papers mention “safety,” 849 (48%) mention “efficiency,” and 47 (3%) specifically mention “environmental impact.” With the recent interest in green and environmentally friendly technologies, there is a need to highlight that the safety and efficiency benefits MPD applications already provide are also reducing environmental impact. Generally speaking, choosing MPD vs. conventional drilling methods is a step toward carbon neutrality. The following case studies showcase the improvements MPD has provided in land, shallow-water, and deepwater applications as seen from the perspective of environmental-impact mitigation. Mitigating Environmental Impact For land rigs, particularly in the US, where the majority have for decades now constantly deployed rotating control devices (RCD) that enable operations involving MPD and underbalanced drilling (UBD) methods, RCD technologies have consistently proven to reduce the risk of spillage and blowouts. Studies have shown that the use of a fit-for-purpose RCD has been statistically proven to “reduce the risk of a well-control event when drilling with an essentially incompressible fluid and not inviting the well to flow in the process,” underscoring the safety and environmental benefits of MPD in terms of minimizing unintentional hydrocarbon release.

Short-term application of biochar improves post-heading crop growth but reduces pre-heading biomass translocation in rice

ABSTRACT Although biochar has potential benefits in environmental and agronomic aspects, short-term application of biochar to rice does not increase grain yield. The objective of this study was to identify the crop growth characteristics responsible for why applying biochar over the short-term does not increase grain yield in rice, thus providing information for how to increase grain yield in rice following short-term application of biochar. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of biochar application (20 t ha–1) on yield attributes and crop growth characteristics in rice grown under two N rates in two years. Results showed that biochar application had no significant effects on grain yield or yield components. Biochar application increased radiation use efficiency and biomass production during post-heading and total biomass production by 7–16%. Pre-heading biomass translocation and harvest index were decreased by 4–11% with biochar application. These results indicate that the lack of increased yield in rice following short-term application of biochar is attributable to compensation between increased biomass production resulting from improved post-heading crop growth and decreased harvest index resulting from reduced pre-heading biomass translocation. The finding of this study suggests that establishing a compatible relationship between post-heading crop growth and pre-heading biomass translocation is critical for increasing grain yield in rice following application of biochar over the short-term.

Assessment of heterogeneities of the Asmari reservoir along the Bibi Hakimeh anticline using petrophysical and sedimentological attributes: Southeast of Dezful Embayment, SW Iran

The Asmari reservoir in the Bibi Hakimeh anticline mainly consists of carbonate rocks. This reservoir shows an evident heterogeneity across the Bibi Hakimeh structure particularly in the variation rate of oil production in different parts of the oilfield. In order to reveal reasons causing this heterogeneity and mapping distribution of such heterogeneities, different sedimentological and petrophysical approaches including hydraulic flow units (HFU) along with electro-facies (EF) analysis were employed. Accordingly, Flow Zone Indicator (FZI) and Radius 35% (R35) methods were used for HFUs determination, while Multi Resolution Graph-based Clustering (MRGC) approach was applied to classify EFs. This study indicates that although upper parts of the Asmari reservoir are dominated by muddy facies (such as mudstone and dolomudstone to wackestone), several diagenetic features particularly dolomitization and fracturing alongside dissolution contributed to increase reservoir quality effectively. These features made efficient connection between pore network and reservoir quality enhanced efficiently through increasing matrix permeability. Also, a compatible relationship between EFs and HFUs as well as pore radius classes demonstrates that changes in petrophysical attributes mainly have controlled by diagenetic features. Two sectors include NW and center parts of the oilfield show the best quality in terms of reservoir quality. This study provided a comprehensive examination to evaluate the variation of heterogeneities within the carbonate reservoir based on sedimentological and petrophysical characteristics which could be beneficial for identification of the most desirable areas of the anticline for hydrocarbon accumulation and production.

Incentive Compatible Relationship between Ermii and Close-Cooperation in the Banking Union: The Case of Bulgaria and Croatia

The ambition to expand participation in the European Banking Union was to allow the outs to enter in to cooperation, however, it did not include the simultaneous joining of ERM II. Focusing on the cases of Bulgaria and Croatia, this paper attempts to respond to a number of questions: What is the rationale behind the double requirement of having to simultaneously apply to become a member of the ERM II and to prepare to become a member of the Banking Union via rule based close mechanism of coordination between the EU non-euro area NCAs and the ECB? Does the integration of cooperation countries' banking systems with the euro area banking systems support the decision to join ERM II and opting-in to the SSM? Do the existing close arrangements guarantee greater coordination of resource-allocating decisions on prudential supervision and improved internalization of financial stability decisions? What are the advantages of the preparation to become a full member of the euro area and the SSM (e.g. coordination of macro and micro-prudential regulation; coordination of micro-prudential supervision and bank resolution)? It is evident from the research undertaken in this paper that there are clear benefits from cooperation for the respective Member States whose domestic currencies are already linked to the euro in view of the dominant position eurozone banks have in their respective domestic markets.

Incentive Compatible Relationship between ERM II and Close-Cooperation in the Banking Union: The Case of Bulgaria and Croatia

Incentive Compatible Relationship between ERM II and Close-Cooperation in the Banking Union: The Case of Bulgaria and Croatia

Comparison of Nmri Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Three Susceptible Laboratory Albino Strains of Biomphalaria glabrata

Albino strains of Biomphalaria glabrata that are compatible with Schistosoma mansoni are commonly used to investigate snail-schistosome interactions, but whether they are all equally compatible is not known. In this study, compatibility with the Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) strain of S. mansoni was compared among 3 widely used albino strains: NMRI (the normal laboratory host for NMRI S. mansoni), M line, and University of Massachusetts Lowell (UML). Compatibility was assessed on the basis of infection prevalence following exposure to miracidia, the histological fate of sporocysts, and mitotic response in the snail amebocyte-producing organ (APO), a component of the internal defense system (IDS). Infection prevalence in UML was nearly identical to that in NMRI but was significantly lower in M line. Although the APO of UML showed no response to infection over the course of 9 days, mitotic activity was elevated in the APO of NMRI and M line, with that in M line being higher and more prolonged than in the APO of resistant BS-90 snails. Finally, hemocyte responses against some small primary sporocysts occurred at 1 and 3 days post-exposure (DPE) in all 3 strains, but in 2 of 5 M line a response also occurred against large primary sporocysts at 6 DPE. Thus, based on infection prevalence and tissue responses, compatibility with NMRI S. mansoni is lowest in M line, whereas UML and NMRI show the same degree of compatibility, despite decades of maintenance of this parasite strain in NMRI snails. The elevated mitotic response in the APO of M line and NMRI snails suggests that a response of the IDS can occur even in a compatible host-parasite relationship.

Designing Humorous Materials in Teaching Vietnamese Language in Primary Schools in the Perspective of Constructivism Theory

Humorous materials in teaching in general and in teaching Vietnamese language in primary schools in particular are indispensable spiritual food for children. They are also important elements in exciting lessons which connect students and the teacher, and bridge every gap. Humorous materials make the lessons much more interesting and appealing. This article aims at identifying the values of humorous materials and examining the use of humorous materials in teaching Vietnamese in primary schools. With three primary values, namely cognitive value, aesthetic value and entertainment value, humorous materials play an important role in enhancing the teaching quality. Firstly, 83 humorous materials in the primary school textbooks of Vietnamese subject are collected and classified into sub-skill categories. Secondly, the awareness, the resources and the frequency of using humorous materials by teachers in two primary schools in Vinh Phuc and Hanoi are examined. Thirdly, the compatible relationship between the use of humorous materials and constructivist teaching, especially 5E process, is analyzed. Last but not least, a constructivism-based designing process of humorous materials is proposed and the experimental application of this procedure by 38 third-year students in Primary Education Faculty, Hanoi Pedagogical University 2 and 36 primary school teachers is presented. The findings indicate that the designing process of humorous materials is highly workable in teaching Vietnamese language in primary schools.

Comparing the Arrangements of Governance and Sustainable Development in OECD Countries: Coupled or Decoupled?

This study attempts to analyze to what extent governance and sustainable development (SD) empirically appear compatible in the thirtyfive OECD countries through the fuzzy-set ideal type analysis, and identify which ideal types appear coupled or decoupled, and then reveal which countries belong to the coupled types or to the decoupled types. In short, twenty-two countries (including Sweden (fuzzy score, 0.953), Denmark (0.920), Finland (0.914), Norway (0.911) in Type 1 (G*S, ‘strong G-S coupled countries’); and Turkey (0.906), Greece (0.833), Mexico (0.828) in Type 4 (g*s, ‘lite g-s coupled countries’) are in line with the accepted conventions regarding the compatible relationship between governance and SD. On the other hand, the rest of thirteen countries (including USA (fuzzy score, 0.815), Luxembourg (0.721), Australia (0.660) in Type 2 (G*s, ‘G-s decoupled countries’); and Slovenia (0.728), France (0.644), Czech Rep. (0.625) in Type 3 (g*S, ‘g-S decoupled countries’) may indicate that the relationship of governance and SD is in fact experiencing tensions in the national contexts. These findings are characterized by the substance (of SD) and procedure (of governance) divide. Considering the results, this study focuses on the idea of reflexivity or reflexive capacity.

Complex assembly from planar and twisted \u03c0-conjugated molecules towards alloy helices and core-shell structures

Integrating together two dissimilar π-conjugated molecules into controlled complex topological configurations remains a largely unsolved problem owing to the diversity of organic species and their respective different assembly features. Here, we find that two structurally similar organic semiconductors, 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene (BA) and 5,12-bis(phenylethynyl)naphthacene (BN), co-assemble into two-component helices by control of the growth kinetics as well as the molar ratio of BA/BN. The helical superstructures made of planar and twisted bis(phenylethynyl) derivatives can be regarded as (BA)x(BN)1−x alloys, which are formed due to compatible structural relationship between BA and BN. Moreover, epitaxial growth of (BA)x(BN)1−x alloy layer on the surface of BA tube to form BA@(BA)x(BN)1−x core-shell structure is also achieved via a solute exchange process. The precise control over composition and morphology towards organic alloy helices and core-shell microstructures opens a door for understanding the complex co-assembly features of two or more different material partners with similar structures.

Measuring The Contribution Of The Computerized Health Information Enhancing Health Service Quality An Exploratory Study In A Number Of Hospitals In The City Of Mosul

The current research aims to investigate the extant of computerized healthy information system sharing in the reinforcement of healthy service quality in a group of hospitals in Mosul City. The Computerized healthy information system regarded as an important factor in hospitals work because it helps the decision makers (the doctor) to diagnose the case and support the presentation of a high quality healthy service which consequently leads to a person satisfaction. In order to achieve the goal of the research, a questionnaire form was distributed to a sample of (4) hospitals in Mosul City. Statistical analysis (SPSS- Vr.19) was used to test the hypothesis. The researchers conclude the following findings: 1. There is a compatible relationship between of Computerized healthy information system and healthy service quality. 2. The computerized healthy information system has a participation in supporting healthy service quality in the surveyed hospitals. According to these findings, a number of suggestions were presented the most important one: 1. The top management in hospitals must continuation of scientific research to develop computerized healthy information system which adapted the technological and scientific developments in presenting an advanced health services. 2. The surveyed hospitals must be support the positive aspect in using computerized hospitals information system to reinforce healthy service quality and to decreasing the negative cases. .