Chongqing University Research Articles

ТРАДИЦИИ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА В ЮГО-ЗАПАДНОМ УНИВЕРСИТЕТЕ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ЯЗЫКОВОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ КНР

The article is researching origins of the study Russian language in China, the “boom” of the Russian language and Russian-Soviet culture in the 1950s. in the PRC, their “disgrace” during the “cultural revolution” and the “second spring of rapid development” after 1978. The object of the study is the language policy of the PRC, the main emphasis is on the analysis of the study of the Russian language in the city of Chongqing and Southwestern University (SWU), where the Russian language as a bachelor degree major was open in 1950, and then underwent a new birth in 2010. Attention is paid to the study of the formation and development of the Faculty of the Russian Language of SWU in retrospect, the names of teachers, including Soviet citizens, who were at the origins of Russian studies at the university are indicated, and a large amount of statistical data is provided. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the productive work of the Faculty of the Russian Language, reopened in 2010. The article presents positive trends in improving the methodological, educational, scientific, extracurricular work of the faculty, as a result of improving the quality of teaching and students' knowledge. The perspectives of conjugation of the “Belt and Road” initiative with the development of language policy in China are assessed. A conclusion is made about the development potential in the field of international cooperation and international exchanges of the Faculty of the Russian Language of SWU.

Study of Wind Flow Angle and Velocity on Ice Accretion of Transmission Line Composite Insulators

Ice accretion on insulators in cold regions is a serious and inevitable problem for power transmission lines, which may cause over-load and icing flashover accidents and can lead to wide power outage. In this research work, multiphase numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the effect of wind flow angle & velocity on the ice accretion of transmission line composite insulators. To verify the simulation results, lab-based icing tests are carried out in artificial climate chamber of Chongqing University. Results show that the change of wind flow angle has an obvious effect on both accreted ice shape and ice mass of insulators. When wind flow angle changes from 0° to 90° or -90°, the ice mass increases before dropping sharply. Meanwhile, ice mass accretion on insulators with wind flow angle is more sensitive to the change of wind velocity. For V-shape insulator strings, the ice mass increased 47.22% in average compared to ordinary suspension insulators. The findings of this research can provide significant engineering reference for the design of transmission line in icing prone areas.

Study on the optimization of the approaching construction of the four-hole large-section municipal tunnels crossing railway tunnel

In order to analyse the safety of the two main line tunnels and two ramp tunnels crossing the existing Bajiaogou tunnel in Chongqing University City, the plane and three-dimensional models were established to study the impact on the existing railway tunnels by strength reduction method and structure analysis method. Research results: the influence of different excavation bench lengths (6m and 12m) on the existing tunnel is analysed, and suitable excavation bench length is 6m. According to the deformation rule of the lining rigid body structure, the displacement control value of the C35 lining structure is 5.9mm. Various excavation procedures have different effects on the structure and the overall stability of the surrounding rock, so optimizing the excavation process can reduce the impact of construction. Optimization principles are derived from the structural displacement time history curve of the optimal conditions. The principles: interval excavation of approaching large-section tunnels, avoiding multiple disturbances in a short time, excavating the distant tunnel before the vicinity and excavating the upper tunnel before the below. The conclusions have guiding significance for the optimization of the four large-section tunnels’ approaching construction.

Scale Model Study on Water Seepage from Cracked Lining Structure

The calculation of water pressure behind a cracked lining structure requires determination of the crack width, amount of water seepage and the value of water pressure. Regarding the relationship among lining structure crack, water seepage and water pressure, self-made concrete splitting specimens and Chongqing University developed cavitation acoustic shock test system are used to study water seepage in the specimens. The test results show: water pressure and crack width are main factors influencing water seepage; at a given crack width, excessive water pressure imposes local load on the lining structure, aggravating its cracking; when the crack is excessively wide, water pressure changes slightly but flow rate increases considerably affecting traffic in the tunnel. Meanwhile, increased pressure from surrounding rock compresses the crack in the lining structure and reduces flow rate. The study results can provide reference to treatment of defects in tunnels at different depths in different areas.

Research and Application of the Transient Electromagnetic Method Inversion Technique Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

The transient electromagnetic (TEM) method is widely used in shallow surface engineering geological surveys due to its advantages such as light weight, high efficiency, and strong resolution. However, interpretation and inversion of TEM data is a complicated process. The traditional algorithm of TEM inversion employs the “smoke ring” fast imaging method, which can only reflect the approximate morphology of the stratigraphic model, and the inversion accuracy is low. Therefore, this method cannot meet the requirements of high-precision inversion. In this article, we present the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for TEM inversion. First of all, the response of the rectangular loop source TEM based on electric dipole integration was calculated and compared with the analytical solution results of the rectangular loop source and the accuracy of the algorithm was verified. Then, we introduced the solution process of the particle swarm optimization algorithm and analyzed the influence of particle swarm optimization algorithm parameter selection on the accuracy of the inversion result and the convergence speed. Next, a layered medium model was established. The particle swarm optimization algorithm and “smoke ring” fast imaging method were used to perform inversion calculation. The results show that the PSO algorithm has the advantages of high efficiency and accuracy. Finally, we examined the effectiveness of the particle swarm optimization algorithm for TEM data processing by inverting survey data from an Air-raid shelter on the campus of Chongqing University in China and comparing the results with those from the “smoke ring” fast imaging. The research works in this article provide new methods and techniques for TEM data processing.

Data-Driven Minicourse Design for Operational Research and Its Practice

This paper explores the data-driven minicourse design for operational research at Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences. Situating this article on literature review, numerical simulation and comparison analysis methods, it previously sets the minicourse objectives as “can operate data processing”, beyond that “may build mathematics model to optimize real problems in engineering fields, especially in logistics engineering field”. Then, this article rearranges course contents into twelve modules and delineates each module in a way of a brief explanation with numerical example. These examples are solved by Matlab or related software. To disseminate applicable skill, we also released these Matlab codes which may be served as templates for secondary development of operational research pedagogy. The data-driven minicourse may be carried out in ways of both offline classroom and online mobile internet classroom, of which some modules are especially suitable to be implemented in flipped classroom pedagogy. Comparing with operational research implemented in undergraduate majors at other universities, our minicourse design is characterized as data-driven style, logistics industry-focused, mini case study pedagogy, rich mobile internet resources, as well as applicable skill training. Learners’ feedback confirmed that the minicourse design equipped them with model application and software skills helpful for a successful career.

IRhom2 Ablation Mitigates Obesity by Suppressing Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage Activation-Triggered Adipose Inflammation

Chronic inflammation of adipose tissues contributes to obesity-triggered insulin resistance. Unfortunately, the potential molecular mechanisms regarding obesity-associated systemic inflammation and metabolic disorder remain complicated. Here, we report that inactive rhomboid-like protein 2 (iRhom2) was increased in overweight mice with adipose inflammation. Mice with deletion of iRhom2 on a C57BL/6J background, mice without deletion of this gene (controls), and mice with deficiency of iRhom2 only in myeloid cells were fed a standard chow diet or a high-fat diet (HFD; 60% fat calories). Then the adipose tissues or bone-marrow cells were isolated for the further detection. After 16 weeks on a high-fat diet (HFD), obesity, chronic inflammation in adipose tissues, and insulin resistance were markedly mitigated in iRhom2-knockout (iRhom2 KO) mice, whereas these parameters were exaggerated in iRhom2-overactivated mice. The adverse influences of iRhom2 on adipose inflammation and associated pathologies were determined in db/db mice. Also, we further demonstrated that, in response to an HFD, iRhom2 KO mice and mice with deletion only in myeloid cells showed less severe adipose inflammation and insulin resistance than that of control groups. Conversely, transplantation of bone-marrow cells from normal mice to iRhom2 KO mice unleashed a severity of systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction after HFD ingestion. We identify iRhom2 as a key regulator that promotes obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Loss of iRhom2 from macrophages in adipose tissues inhibited inflammation and insulin resistance. Hence, iRhom2 may be a therapeutic target for obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction. Funding Statement: This work was jointly supported by (1) National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC Grant No.: 81703527); (2) Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology (Grant No.: cstc2017jcyjAX0356, cstc2018jcyjA3686, cstc2018jcyjAX0784, cstc2018jcyjA1472, cstc2018jcyjAX0811, cstc2018jcyjA3533 and KJZD-M201801601); (3) School-level Research Program of Chongqing University of Education (Grant No.: KY201710B and 17GZKP01); (4) Advanced Programs of Post-doctor of Chongqing (Grant No.: 2017LY39); (5) Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Education Commission of China (Grant No.: KJQN201901608, KJQN201901615, KJ1601402) and (6) Children's Research Institute of National Center for Schooling Development Programme and Chongqing University of Education (Grant No.: CSDP19FSO1108). Declaration of Interests: Minxuan Xu, Chenxu Ge, Yuting Qin, Deshuai Lou, Qiang Li, Jing Feng, Yekuan Wu , Linfeng Hu, Bochu Wang & Jun Tan declare that they have no conflict of interest. Ethics Approval Statement: All research procedures associating with mice were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee in Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, and were performed in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, issued by the National Institutes of Health in 1996. The protocols used in this study were in accordance with the Regulations of Experimental Animal Administration issued by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China.

Measuring bridge frequencies by a test vehicle in non-moving and moving states

This paper presents the measurement results of bridge frequencies by a test vehicle in non-moving and moving states. The self-made test vehicle fitted with vibration sensors is a two-wheel trailer, intentionally used to simulate the theoretical single degree-of-freedom system. The two-span bridge selected is located in the Chongqing University campus. For the purpose of comparison, the bridge frequencies were firstly measured by direct deployment of vibration sensors on the bridge. The dynamic properties of the test vehicle in the non-moving state, including the transmissibility, are examined in detail. Based on the measured car-body response, the contact-point response of the vehicle with the bridge was calculated by a backward procedure that allows the vehicle frequency to be eliminated. It was found that the vehicle in the non-moving state can catch more bridge frequencies than in the moving state. Both the car-body and contact-point responses agree well the results by direct measurement. But the contact-point response performs better than the car-body response, which can be used to detect the first few frequencies of the bridge, including the torsional frequency.

Long-term pollutant removal performance and mitigation of rainwater quality deterioration with ceramsite and Cyperus alternifolius in mountainous cities of China.

Rainwater harvesting brings various desired environmental and social benefits in urban development. Tanks in rainwater harvesting systems need low-maintenance and low-cost approaches to manage water quality, especially for scattered small rainwater tanks associated with complex terrains in mountainous cities. Four rain barrels were set up to store roof runoff at the campus of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. Barrel 1 (B1) and barrel 2 (B2) stored the first-flush water and the roof runoff with first-flush water diverted, respectively, while barrel 3 (B3) was loaded with a biological ceramsite and barrel 4 (B4) used biological ceramsite as a substrate media and planted with Cyperus alternifolius (C. alternifolius) to treat the first-flush water. The performances of the rain barrels were evaluated as well as the variations in water quality parameters were examined. The removal efficiency of B3 was 48.2%, 76.0%, 44.3%, and 24.6% for COD, NH4+-N, TN, and TP, respectively, while B4 had removal efficiencies of 93.4%, 71.0%, 75.0%, and 76.5% for COD, NH4+-N, TN, and TP, respectively. B4 had BOD, NH4+-N, TN, and TP concentrations within the class III Chinese Standard requirement after a storage period of about 240 days. Furthermore, the turbidity in B4 kept dropping. Thus, B4 is a more promising alternative for water quality management in mountainous cities of China.

Effect of Plastic Film Mulching on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Rice-Rapeseed Rotation in Cropland

A field experiment was conducted at the Key Field Station for Monitoring of Eco-Environment of Purple Soil of the Ministry of Agriculture of China at the farm of Southwest University in Chongqing. In the study, static chamber and gas chromatography methods were used to study the effects of plastic film mulching treatment on CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions from rice-rapeseed rotation in situ for one year. A control experiment was also conducted without using the film. The CO2, CH4, and N2O emission fluxes of the rotation showed obvious seasonal changes, and the seasonal variation patterns of these three greenhouse gases were similar under the two treatments. The CH4 emission of the rotation under the plastic film mulching treatment was (46.14±13.40) kg·hm-2, or 147.93% (P<0.05), compared with (18.61±2.05) kg·hm-2 for the control. However, the impact of plastic film mulching on CO2 and N2O emissions was not significant. The annual CO2 emissions under the plastic film treatment and the control were (-47.54±2.11) t·hm-2 and (-47.60±2.19) t·hm-2, respectively, and the annual emissions of N2O were (18.94±4.74) kg·hm-2 and (23.14±3.68) kg·hm-2, respectively. The rice-rapeseed rotation in the two experiments showed absorption and sinking of atmospheric greenhouse gases, although the difference was not significant. The global warming potential (GWP) values with the plastic film treatment and the control were -41.16 t·hm-2 and -40.95 t·hm-2, respectively.

Preface

It is with great pleasure that I introduce the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Mechanics and Mechatronics Research (ICMMR 2019) which was held recently in Chongqing, China during July 18-21. ICMMR 2019 was dedicated to technical issues related to Mechanics and Mechatronics Research.The conference was held in Chongqing University this year, Chongqing University (CQU) is one of the top 1% Chinese universities within the framework of the State 211 Project and 985 Project. The conference impressed the attendees a lot with the generous help of CQU, further celebrating CQU’s 90 anniversaries.The objectives of the conference were not only to provide opportunities to the international scientists to present state of the art research in Mechanics and Mechatronics Research but also to provide a forum to discuss ideas for future directions in the field and explore possibilities for collaborative research projects.The conference program included keynote, oral, and poster presentations from scholars working in the areas of Mechanics and Mechatronics Research from all over the world. It covered recent trends and progress made in the field of Mechanics and Mechatronics Research. Keynote lectures regarding the latest information in their respective areas of expertise were shared by experts.The proceedings present a selection of high quality papers submitted to the conference by researchers from universities, research institutes, and industry. All papers were subjected to peer-review by conference committee members and international reviewers. The papers were selected based on their quality and their relevance to the conference. The proceedings present recent advances in the fields of Mechatronics Engineering as well as Mechanical Engineering.I would like to express special gratitude to members of the conference committee and organizers of the conference. I would also like to thank the reviewers for their valuable time and advice which helped in improving the quality of the papers selected for presentation at the conference and for publication in the proceedings. Finally I want to thank the authors, the members of the organizing committee, the reviewers, the chairpersons, sponsors, and all other conference participants for their support of ICMMR 2019.Prof. Lichun Dong and Prof. Baoshan HuChongqing University, China

Current status and future development of higher medical education in Chongqing, China

Great achievements have been made in higher medical education in Chongqing, China. Among the western provinces and cities, Chongqing has relatively high quantity and quality indicators of medical education institutions. Within the whole country, Chongqing has a medium level of the key indicators of medical education, and there is still a gap between Chongqing and the economically developed provinces such as Zhejiang and Guangdong. Among the four centrally administered municipalities, Beijing and Shanghai have rich medical education resources, and there is a large gap between Chongqing and Beijing/Shanghai in the level of medical education, the number of academicians, and the number of hospitals included in the top hundred hospitals in China. Recently, Chongqing University started to establish a medical school, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences started to construct an affiliated hospital named Chongqing Hospital in cooperation with Chongqing Municipal Health Planning Commission, which provided valuable opportunities for the development of higher medical education in Chongqing. Chongqing should increase the investment in basic research and development of medical science and technology, seize the strategic opportunity of Internet + medicine , and gather the talents in medical science and technology, so as to promote the integration and development of military-civilian medical education and improve the level of higher medical education. Key words: Medical education; Chongqing; Current status analysis

Construction and Practice of Ability-Oriented Curriculum System for Optoelectronic Information Science and Engineering Under the Background of Large-Classification Training

Large-classification training has the advantages of being conducive to the cultivation of wide-caliber talents, improving the structure of disciplines and tapping the inherent potential of students, which is widely used in colleges and universities. In this paper, in view of the problems existing in major training of Electronic Engineering in Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, such as the difficulty of specialty diversion, the weakening of specialty generalization, and the weak ability of specialty engineering and innovation, the construction of the ability-oriented curriculum system and the specialty curriculum group of Optoelectronic Information Science and Engineering under the background of the large-classification training are explored. In addition, solid teaching practices are carried out in order to solve those problems.

Industry-Education Integration Mechanism About Electronic Engineering Talents Training System in Industry-Oriented Local Universities Under the Background of New Subjects

Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications (CQUPT) is an industry-oriented local university which is jointly built by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) and the Chongqing Municipality. It has been developing the training of talents for the major of electronic engineering for several decades. The strategy of developing electronic information industry in Chongqing has brought new opportunities and challenges for schools to train electronic engineering talents adapted to industrial and regional economic development. Under the background of the new engineering education, in order to actively adapt to the needs of local economic development, improve the quality of talent training, enhance the regional contribution of schools and the influence of the industry. CQUPT has constructed a training system for electronic engineering talents by absorbing the requirements of new subject construction and the concept of Engineering certification, which taking integration of Industrial Education and Scientific Education as the core. In this paper, the fusion mechanism of Industrial Education and Scientific Education in the system is discussed, so as to provide a reference for the construction of new disciplines related to those similar universities.

Down Regulated XIAP Promotes Long-Term High Fat Diet-Stimulated NAFLD Through NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Oxidative Stress Signaling

Increasing evidence indicates that prolonged fat-rich diet (HFD) ingestion is a predisposing factor for metabolic disorderassociated system inflammation and oxidative stress injury, which contributes to the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3)-mediated inflammatory infiltration was determined to participate in NAFLD. Xlinked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) was recently confirmed as an essential regulator for apoptosis in cells. However, the role of XIAP in HFD-induced NAFLD is still not understood. Here, XIAP was characterized with respect to HFD-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vivo and palmitate (PA)-treated cells in vitro. After HFD administration, hepatic injury was confirmed via histological assessment (grading and staging of NAFLD) and biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, and reduced antioxidant activity. Upregulated hepatic dysfunction were further indicated by elevated dyslipidemia, lipid accumulation, and decreased fatty acid β-oxidationassociated gene expression. Moreover, in the absence of XIAP, NLRP3 signaling activated by HFD-triggered oxidative stress was upregulated, accompanied by reduction in antioxidants including HO-1, NQO-1, GST, SOD and Nrf2 activity. The detrimental effects of XIAP blocking on hepatic steatosis and related pathologies were also confirmed in PA-treated mouse liver cells. In contrast, overexpression of XIAP by transfection in vitro restrained PA-stimulated hepatic steatosis by suppression of oxidative stress, NLRP3 related inflammatory response, and impairment of Nrf2 activity, further alleviating abnormal metabolic disorder associated NAFLD. Taken together, the present study helped to elucidate how HFDinduced hepatic steatosis was regulated by XIAP, possibly via the inhibition of NLRP3 signaling and oxidative stress injury. Funding Statement: This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC Grant number: 81703527); Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology (Grant number: cstc2017jcyjAX0356, cstc2018jcyjA3686, cstc2018jcyjA1472 and cstc2018jcyjA3533); 2018 Chongqing College Students' Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Project (Grant number: 201814388021 and 201814388022); School-level Research Program of Chongqing University of Education (Grant number: KY201710B and 17GZKP01) and Advanced Programs of Post-doctor of Chongqing (Grant number: 2017LY39). Declaration of Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this manuscript. Ethics Approval Statement: All study protocols associating with animals were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee in Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education.

Effects of Plastic Film Mulching and Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on N2O Emissions from a Vegetable Field

To investigate the effects of plastic film mulching and nitrogen fertilizer application on N2O emissions from a chili-radish rotation system, field observations were conducted in situ from May 2014 to April 2016 in the Key Field Station for Monitoring of Eco-Environment of Purple Soil of the Ministry of Agriculture of China in the farm of Southwest University in Chongqing. Static opaque and gas chromatography was used to determine emissions. Eight treatments were set up in the field experiment:control routine (no N application and no plastic film mulching; NN0), control mulching (FN0), low N routine (NN1), low N mulching (FN1), conventional N routine (NN2), conventional N mulching (FN2), high N routine (NN3), and high N mulching (FN3). The characteristics and influencing factors of N2O emissions and the changes of soil carbon and nitrogen composition across all treatments were examined. The results demonstrated significant differences in N2O emissions from the vegetable fields between mulching and no mulching treatments. The mean N2O flux under no mulching was significantly greater than that of mulching during the chili growing season (P<0.05), but the opposite was true during the radish growing season (P<0.05). During the experimental period, the average annual cumulative N2O emissions from nitrogen-free, low-nitrogen, medium-nitrogen, and high-nitrogen vegetable plots under mulching treatment were 244.91, 730.49, 903.32, and 1865.45 mg·m-2, respectively; the average annual cumulative N2O emissions under no mulching treatment were 221.48, 840.33, 1256.50, and 1469.67 mg·m-2, respectively. The N2O emissions from vegetable plots with different N application gradients showed an increase in N2O emissions from vegetable plots as N application increased. By calculating the N2O emissions coefficient, it was determined that the N2O emissions coefficient was reduced to a certain extent under mulching treatment during the chili season, while there was no obvious trend in the radish season. From May 2014 to April 2015, the N2O emissions coefficients of low-nitrogen application under two mulching treatments were both the highest under the same mulching levels during the chili growing season, but they were both the highest in the high-nitrogen application under two mulching levels during the radish growing season. From May 2015 to April 2016, the highest N2O emissions coefficient was observed in the high-nitrogen application under two mulching treatments during the chili season; however, the lowest values were observed in the low-nitrogen application under two mulching treatments during the radish growing season. Such results may be related to the duration of plastic film mulching and the type of plant. The N2O fluxes were both significantly positively correlated to the content of soil N and soil temperature. Plastic film mulching can increase the soil N to a certain extent and can therefore can affect N2O emissions.

National Colloquium on Wind & Earthquake Engineering

PREFACE NCWE 2018It is a great privilege for us to organise the 2nd National Colloquium on Wind and Earthquake Engineering (NCWE) in 2018 which was held in Swiss Garden, Kuantan, Malaysia from 17 until 18 August 2018.Once again the NCWE in 2018 was successfully organized by the Faculty of Civil Engineering & Earth Resources (FKASA) of the Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) with the support from the Disaster Research Nexus, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). NCWE’18 aims to provide a platform for discussing issues, challenges, opportunities and findings relating with the wind and earthquakes in the Asian region, with an overarching colloquium theme of “Disasters in Malaysia: Tomorrow is a Mystery”.This volume of proceedings from the colloquium provides an opportunity for readers to engage with a selection of refereed papers that were presented during the 2nd NCWE 2018. Divided into few sections, the papers published here were picked up on the multi disciplines including seismology, geodesy, geology, civil engineering and environment. The papers selected depended on the quality and the relevancy to the aim of colloquium and in the interest of participants in general.There were also two key note lectures within the colloquium; Professor Dr. Yukio Tamura- a prominent professor at the Chongqing University, China, presented his lecture on the Mathematical Model for Understanding Phenomena: Physical View and Mind View, and the second keynote speaker is the well-known “Bapa Gempa” in Indonesia, Professor Ir. H. Sarwidi from the Islamic Univesity Indonesia, with a lecture on the Lesson to Learn from Recent Earthquakes.The National Colloquium on Wind and Earthquake Engineering (NCWE) in 2018 also served as a forum to researchers and scholars from different disciplines that have an interest in natural disasters and geo-hazard mitigation to share and discuss their research activities. There were some 50 participants including students, engineers, researchers and academicians whom had many fruitful discussions and exchanges which contributed to the success of the colloquium. Finally on behalf of the organizing committee of NCWE 18, I would like to thank all the presenters and participants for their unduly support. This is something that we will strive to do again in the conferences that will follow next.Chairman, NCWE 2018Dr. Mohamad Idris Ali

云梦泽圩田的生态模式设计研究

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 云梦泽圩田的生态模式设计研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201806151338 作者: 作者单位: 重庆大学资源及环境科学学院,重庆大学资源及环境科学学院,重庆大学资源及环境科学学院,重庆大学资源及环境科学学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家科技重大专项（2013ZX07104-004-05） A study on polder design in Yunmeng Marsh based on ecological models Author: Affiliation: College of Resource and Environmental Science, Chongqing University,College of Resource and Environmental Science, Chongqing University,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:云梦泽圩田是儒家井田制文化与云梦泽地区水文环境相结合的产物，是人们在长期治田治水实践中创造的一种独特的农田开发形式，然而，圩田这种土地利用方式利弊并存，如何挖掘这种传统水利田的生态智慧使之继续发挥作用是一个亟待解决的现实问题。以湖北朱湖湿地公园内的圩田恢复区为研究对象，以生态学思想为指导，从单纯的治田治水理念拓展为水利、生态、经济、文化与社会发展并重的多重理念，充分挖掘蕴含圩田之中的生态智慧，提出了"湖-圩"共生复合生态系统的生态模式，主要包括：小微湿地群模式、水陆界面生态调控模式、柔性设计模式和"河流-湿地"复合体模式。这些模式有助于云梦泽地区蓄洪防旱、水质净化、景观优化，以及生物生境等综合生态服务功能的实现，并促进云梦泽地区圩田景观文化传承与生态环境的协同共生，从而实现了智慧圩田的生态模式。这些生态模式是对圩田系统生态结构设计思路与方法的全新探索，可以为长江中下游地区圩田的景观保护与生态模式设计提供工程示范与参考。 Abstract:Polders are a product of a combination of the Confucian well field system and the hydrological environment of the Yunmeng Marsh area. Polders represent a unique form of farmland development created by people through long-term land management, including water control and harnessing paddy fields. However, there are several coexisting advantages and disadvantages of this mode of land use, so how to utilise the ecological wisdom from traditional paddy field use is a problem that must be solved urgently, so it can continue to play a role into the future. This study takes the polder restoration area in Zhuhu Wetland Park in Hubei Province as its research subject. In this study, a multifunctional polder system was designed based on ecological principles, with ecological, economic, cultural and social development benefits in addition to conserving water for flood prevention. Through fully evaluating the ecological wisdom of the polder system, a complex symbiotic "lake-polder" ecosystem in the ancient Yunmeng Marsh area was proposed, including the micro-wetland model, the land and water interface ecological regulation model, the flexible design model and the river-wetland complex model. These models were beneficial to the realization of comprehensive ecological services, such as flood control, water purification, landscape optimization and biological habitat provision, and promotion of the co-existence between the cultural heritage and ecological environment of the polder landscape, thus realizing the ecological model of intelligent polder in the Yunmeng Marsh area. This study represents a new exploration of the ecological structure of the polder system, providing an engineering demonstration and a reference for the landscape protection and ecological model design of polders in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

The effect of air conditioners on occupants’ thermal adaptive behaviours and wellbeing: advances and challenges

To study the impact of air conditioners (AC) on occupants’ behaviours and comfort, two comparison surveys were conducted during hot summer weather before and after air conditioners were installed in student dormitories at Chongqing University in 2008 and 2016, respectively. The results showed that after the ACs were installed, occupants’ environmental satisfaction vote was notably higher irrespective of whether the equipment was used. The proportion of ACs used (PAU) in 2016 and the proportion of fans used (PFU) in 2008 were logistically fit with the outside temperatures, and these data displayed very similar trends. However, less variety in adaptive behaviours was evident after the ACs were installed. When ACs were used, lower proportions of windows were opened (13%) and higher proportions of occupants felt stuffy (54%), experienced draughts (38%), and reported sick building syndrome (SBS). This study provides scientific insight into the advances and problems caused by the popularization of ACs.

Identifying a Kaluza Klein Treatment of a Graviton Permitting a Deceleration Parameter &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;q&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;(&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;z&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;) as an Alternative to Standard DE

The case for a four-dimensional graviton mass (non-zero) influencing reacceleration of the universe in five dimensions is stated, with particular emphasis on whether five-dimensional geometries as given below give us new physical insights as to cosmological evolution. A comparison with the quantum gas hypothesis of Glinka shows how stochastic GW/gravitons may emerge in vacuum-nucleated space, with emphasis on comparing their number in phase space with different strain values. The final question is, can DM/DE be explained by a Kaluza Klein particle construction? i.e., the author presents a Kaluza Klein particle representation of a graviton mass with the first term to the right equal to a DM contribution and with the 2nd term to the right being effective DE. We propose obtaining the rate of production of relic universe Kaluza Klein gravitons, based on an analogy to the production of axions from the Sun over a wide range of frequencies. This last statement is a work in progress being developed by the author, which is being discussed with colleagues of the author in Chongqing University.