Character Of Culture Research Articles

Influence of Intellectual-cultural Orientation as Family Culture on Chinese College Students' Subjective Well-being: A Moderation Model.

The well-known mediation-moderation model of subjective well-being has been criticized because it oversimplified the concept of culture. This study aimed to explore whether the family culture, as supplement of social culture, has significant impacts on subjective well-being. The intellectual-cultural orientation subscale (ICO) of family environment scale-CV (FES-CV), Eysenck personality questionnaire for adult (EPQA), and index of well-being (IWB) were used to test 340 college students from China. Results showed that the extraversion and neuroticism of personality traits have great influences on subjective well-being, and intellectual-cultural orientation as family culture, to represent characteristic of family culture, serves as a moderating variable for the 2 components of subjective well-being. And all these findings revealed that the trait of family culture should be considered as a supplement of the social culture and a critical complementary moderating influenced factor for subjective well-being. Together with personality traits, it can explain the variance of subjective well-being to some extent. The family cultural has an important influence on college students’ personality and subjective well-being. It is important to provide a high quality family cultural environment for college students.

“Narratives of Anxiety” and Hidden Ontologies: Anti-vaccination Protest in “Conservative Orthodoxy” and Its Cultural Context

Protests against efforts toward coronavirus vaccination in 2020 and 2021 received significant support among Russian Orthodox “conservatives” or “fundamentalists” who consider vaccination to be a “chipping” that subordinates a person to hostile forces in preparation for the reign of the antichrist. The article examines the features of the conspiracy eschatology of modern Orthodox conservatives based on specific forms of ontology, aesthetics and social imagination. Abbot Roman Zagrebnev’s collected essays Deeds of Light and Deeds of Darkness (2016) and a number of other sources are used as empirical material for the analysis of these forms. The loss of a person’s individual agency as well as pollution, understood both in the moral and physiological sense, play a particular role in the social concept of conservative Orthodox. Each of these issues are discussed and represented with the help of bodily images and metaphors. The article attempts to see the meaning of conservative Orthodoxy not only through the prism of political ideals, social crises, and eschatological mythopoetics, but also through the connection of this particular type apocalyptic imagination of this kind and ideological holism as a crypto-ontology. The ‘holistic principle’ implies mutual conditionality and constant connection of physiological, moral and social categories and phenomena. This operates within concepts of an “expanded body” as an entity that is exposed to constant risks of pollution and loss of autonomy. In this context, the fear of vaccination, understood as both a form of physiological desecration and a means of social control, turns out to be a natural continuation of a broader ideological or ontological program that opposes the reductionist and discrete ideas about the world characteristic of late modern Western culture.

АВТОФИКШН КАК МЕДИЙНАЯ СТРАТАГЕМА

The article deals with the phenomenon of autofiction, characteristic of modern culture, as a reflex of mental procedures and a creative stratagem related to a person's orientation in the modern world, as applied to the latest media practices and journalistic self-realization. Its presence is determined by the fundamental features of culture, the way of self-perception and self-determination of a modern person in the context of Postmodern culture. Autofiction is implemented both in literature and as a media practice, a phenomenon of modern journalism. Journalistic gravitation toward storytelling, an emphasis on authorship,on personal journalism and transparent blogging correlate with the practices of autofiction as a radical self-presentation of the individual in modern narrative discourse. At the same time, autofiction is as much a solution to the personal problems and difficulties of the contemporary author as it is a mere fixation of them, an evidence of their incomplete, inconclusive resolution. Autofiction exposes the difficulties of individual self-fixation. This is an attempt to give a little more significance to what it has in a small dose. Autofiction is associated with a special understanding of authenticity, it is alien to the traditional criteria of heroics and ethical integrity, which can be perceived as tools and means of alienation, as an unacceptable substitution of a personal essence for a given norm, a role in the society of a performance. Here emotions and feelings create the effect that enables us to consider what is happening to be credible. Autofiction is the author's self-comprehension within those limits that are defined for him/herself, identifying them with the limits of authenticity as he/she understands it, based on an attempt to find the elusive edge of personal presence in a shaky, fluid world.Autofiction displays a media tendency to recognize the legitimacy of fiction based on the general underlying logic of life revealed by the narrative. An essential question is the significance of the autofiction message, its public relevance, the response to the audience's expected agenda.

Perception of media literacy in the education community

The aim of the study is to analyze the perception of media literacy of educational community (high school and college students, higher educational population and masters of science) using a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. The survey was conducted during 2021. Technique of interview was used on a sample of 120 participants about participants' perceptions of media literacy. Total 107 participants gave complete responses, and the results are evaluated based on established categories according to the level of accuracy of answers. Categories are formed according to content analysis and cross-referenced with socio-demographic characteristics. Having in mind a favourable educational structure of the research sample, the starting thesis is that respondents will have a clear understanding of media literacy. The results indicate that the majority of participants properly perceive media literacy in terms of critical reflection of media content, but not as the ability to produce media content as an essential characteristic of participatory culture, which leaves space for improvement and development of a productive cooperation of media users, as the inevitable trend of modern, media-driven society. The qualitative nature of this study enabled the recognition of diverse and deeper categories of phenomena of media literacy in current scientific knowledge. This qualitative approach of the comprehension of media literacy provided insights that are valuable as theoretical contribution, but are first and foremost a precious asset for the creators of media policy, especially for media education strategies.

The Problem of Areal Studies of Folk Beliefs: Polish Zmora on the Background of Other Slavic Traditions

Currently, the problem of identifying and comparing mythological characters from different folklore traditions remains relevant. Revealing common elements of mythological characters is necessary for compiling folklore indexes and mapping specific motives and plots associated with them. In this article, this problem will be examined using the example of the Polish zmora and other similar Slavic mythological characters. It attempts to compare the zmora from Polish folklore with mythological characters of this type from other Slavic traditions, relying on the similarities and differences of the motives, as well as functions and differential features associated with them. The article shows the features which are common for the Polish zmora and similar characters in Czech, Slovak, Moravian and Lusatian folk culture, Bulgarian, Croatian and Serbian traditions, as well as in Russian, Belarusian and Ukrainian folk culture. The author concludes that the West Slavic mora and the South Slavic mora are quite close to the Polish zmora in terms of the image and the plot-motive fund, and on this basis, the Western and South Slavs represent one ethnocultural area. Meanwhile, the Eastern Slavs do not have a corresponding character, so the motives and functions associated with such mythological characters among the Western and South Slavs are absent on the East Slavic territory or are passed to other characters.

ГЕНЕЗИС МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЙ ВЫСТАВКИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ИСКУССТВА DOCUMENTA КАК ДИАЛОГОВОЙ ПЛОЩАДКИ ЭЛИТАРНОГО ИСКУССТВА И МАССОВОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ

The article examines the genesis of the documenta exhibition as the largest forum in the world of contemporary art, based on the dialogical character of elite art and mass culture. On the example of 14 exhibitions held from 1955 to 2017 documenta traced the long path of development from a single art event as part of the Federal Exhibition of Gardens to a regular global event, studied the role of its artistic directors - curators.

Литературно-музыкальный синтез в современной зарубежной литературе: творчество И.С. Баха как urtext

The article presents the results of the analytical work with the verbal texts of modern foreign prosaists, poets and Johann Sebastian Bach’s music texts. Inn the opinion of the authors of the research, through centuries, works by Bach inspire representatives of different branches of art to look for new instruments for achieving intermediavity of art works and a high level of its synesthesia. One of the basic categories in the context of synthesis of arts is “musicality” as a reflection of the processes of using traditional music instruments and techniques while creating literary texts. Bach’s works themselves turn out to be a very important step in the development of the tradition of literary-music synthesis - Bach used the means, firstly, of musical rhetoric baroque to gain such synthesis. An even more interesting fact is that the very heritage of Bach appeared to be one of the most popular “objects” of musical-ization of the literary text. In the analyzed works of William Coales, Gabriel Josipovici, Richard Powers, Thomas Bernhard, George Tabori, Dieter Thomas Kuhn, Nancy Huston, Anna Enquist, the authors of the article discover Bach’s forebasis, a kind of an urtext, that allows considering the mentioned literary texts to be a highly representative material for solving the problems of the synthetic character of the art culture of the 21st century that indeed requires a deep reflection. Among the results of today’s exponential development of electronic technologies, there exists one important factor in the realization of art peoples’ centuries-old expectations - the forming of the possibility for the emergence (rather massive already) ofworks of art whose creation would involve different types and art forms. On the one hand, this factor makes it necessary to analyze the historical perspective, the evolution of the methods and models of synthesis of arts some authors create; on the other, however paradoxical it may seem, it seems to give a new impulse to experiments of writers, musicians, artists, who try, even remaining in general within the “traditional” boundaries of the types of their art (literature, music, art consequently), to actively use artistic means traditional for these types of art for achieving the effect of crossing the boundaries of “only” literature, music or art. This trend seems to be particularly noticeable in modern European literature. The aim of the given article is to identify the specific instruments of modern foreign prosaists who choose Bach’s music texts as the urtexts of their literary works. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

К проблеме различения и типологии носителей магического знания в культурах восточных славян

The paper discusses the issue of constructing a classification of holders of sacred knowledge in a traditional culture of the Eastern Slavs, in particular, aiming to elucidate the causes of difficulties for researchers (anthropologists) in differentiating the figures of sorcerer and healer. The first methodological setting of the undertaken research is the distinction of the “knowers” as a phenomenon of popular consciousness existing in a vital world of traditional culture, and as the subject of academic research. Since the scientific classification involves an explanation of the differences between types, the second setting was to consider the constructed typologies of “knowers” in terms of the typology of explanations accepted in modern philosophy of science. Basing on the analysis of field materials and research works in which typological attempts were made, the paper considers three types of scientific explanations — causal (by indicating the actual reason), functional (by indicating the function) and intentional (by indicating the goals or intentions of the actor) — used in the systematization of “knowers”. As a rule, none of the typologies relies on just one type of explanation, but combines a causal or intentional explanation with a functional one. Classifications based on causal explanation often consider magical influences as a kind of objective reality and a valid reason that distinguishes the practices of the sorcerer and the healer. Which is fraught with various dangers, in particular, the involvement of pseudoscientific physicalist theories. The typologization adopted in folklore is most often based on a functional explanation that perfectly solves the problems of grouping characters of traditional culture. However, this approach is not sufficient for an integral cultural and anthropological description and understanding of the phenomena of “knowers”. Understanding the existence of this phenomenon in the public consciousness often requires the use of intentional explanations. The authors conclude that building a unique, objective and independent of the characteristics of a particular person and their relations with the society of the typology of “knowers” is hardly possible, if we are not talking about folk characters. In the study of real folk life, the typological affiliation of holders of sacred knowledge will always be situational in nature.

Mythology of Infants’ Excessive Crying and Certain Mythical Characters in the Folk Culture of the Carpathian Mountains of Ukraine

Basing on the materials from expeditions to the Ukrainian and Rusyn villages of the Carpathian Mountains in Ukraine, we describe two groups of beliefs concerning excessive crying in infants. According to one group of beliefs, such crying represents something similar to a magical infection and can be transmitted from a crying infant to a non-crying one by manipulations with the crying infant’s bath water. According to another group of beliefs, infant crying results from the human child being exchanged for a non-human child by a female mythological creature connected with wind and forest. This creature is also known in the Balkans, and is probably genetically related to the Western European, especially Irish, fairy. We also suggest that the spell for curing infant crying describing an exchange of crying for non-crying between a human woman and a “forest woman”, known in Slavic traditions since the 14th c., might be a reduced refl ection of the belief in changelings in Slavic areas.

«El Caballero Don Lorenzo Boturini Benaduci, Señor de la Torre, y de Hono»: the fate of the collector and researcher

The article examines the origins of the phenomenon of collecting and the beginning of historical and cultural research in the colony of New Spain through the prism of the biography of Lorenzo Boturini Benaduci. The biography of Lorenzo Boturini Benaduci became a kind of marker of the era in the context of personal history and cultural studies of personality; it illustrates the complex way of folding the various areas of cultural activity characteristic of the European cultural space, on the territory of the Spanish colony in the first half of the XVIII century.

Istraživanje recepcije Gogoljevog Revizora kao metodičko polazište u interpretaciji književnog dramskog teksta

This paper investigates the reception of Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol's comedy The Government Inspector by the second-grade secondary school students. The paper starts with the views of literary theoreticians (R. Jaus, M. Bakhtin, M. Grossman, T. Popović) and modern methodologists of literature instruction (D. Rosandić, P. Ilić, Z. Mrkalj, Lj. Bajić) who point out that the reception of a literary text and its influence are the outcomes of teaching literature which is based on students' acceptance of the work and the effects it produces. Drawing upon the views of Mikhail Bakhtin, who emphasized the dialogical character of culture and literature, the paper points out the possibility of strengthening intercultural competence through literature instruction. The aim of this paper is to point out, on a concrete example, i.e. by researching the reception of Gogol's Government Inspector, the possibility of a more active participation of literature instruction in the concept of intercultural education and the application of the reception-aesthetic method in the teaching of literature as one of the effective models for strengthening student motivation. The results of the empirical research confirm the initial hypothesis that students are not sufficiently familiar with Russian literature, that the horizon of students' expectations is not an obstacle to the successful teaching interpretation and that students' position as subjects in teaching is a stimulating motivational process.

A magyar kultúra nemzeti karaktere : Kihívások az újmédiatérben

Globalisation and the explosion of communication technologies have created unprecedented challenges for states, with regard to their responsibility for the preservation and maintenance of cultural heritage. In the era of digital content production, state cultural institutions have become key players, as they undertake the tasks of value preservation, value creation and value transfer, and in so doing provide an important public service. Such organisations are responsible for preserving the national character of culture in the face of the negative effects of globalisation, while creating a twenty-first century version of culture that meets the demands of the new media space and social networks.

A Study on Plural Marking of Nouns of Minority in Northwest China Based on Linguistic Typology

The minority languages in Northwest China include Salah, Uyghur, Turkic, Kazakh and Mongolian. The plural marking of nouns of minority in Northwest China has its unique commonness and individuality. Many languages have the problem of high or low usage of plural noun markers, but there are also many languages that are not limited by the frequency of use, and can be casually replaced in daily use. The plural noun marking of Northwest minority languages has its unique character, which is also a cultural characteristic of different ethnic languages. From the perspective of linguistic typology, this study makes a comparative analysis of the commonness and individuality of the plural marks of the northwest minority nouns, in order to help us deepen our understanding of the grammatical forms of the Northwest minority nouns.

Sequence analysis for SNP detection and phylogenetic reconstruction of SARS-cov-2 isolated from Nigerian COVID-19 cases

BackgroundCoronaviruses are a group of viruses that belong to the Family Coronaviridae, genus Betacoronavirus. In December 2019, a new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) characterized by severe respiratory symptoms was discovered. The causative pathogen was a novel coronavirus known as 2019-nCoV and later as SARS-CoV-2. Within two months of its discovery, COVID-19 became a pandemic causing widespread morbidity and mortality. MethodologyWhole genome sequence data of SARS-CoV-2 isolated from Nigerian COVID-19 cases were retrieved by downloading from GISAID database. A total of 18 sequences that satisfied quality assurance (length ≥29,700 nts and number of unknown bases denoted as “N” ≤ 5%) were used for the study. In addition, genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2 obtained from Nigeria's COVID-19 index case (Accession ID: EPI_ISL_413550) and the reference genome (Accession NC_ 045512.2) were obtained from GISAID and the GenBank databases, respectively. Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) was done in MAFFT (Version 7.471) while SNP calling was implemented in DnaSP (Version 6.12.03), respectively and then visualized in Jalview (Version 2.11.1.0). Phylogenetic analysis was with MEGA X software. ResultsNigerian SARS-CoV-2 had 99.9% genomic similarity with four large conserved genomic regions. A total of 66 SNPs were identified out of which 31 were informative. Nucleotide diversity assessment gave Pi = 0.00048 and average SNP frequency of 2.22 SNPs per 1000 nts. Non-coding genomic regions particularly 5′UTR and 3′UTR had a SNP density of 3.77 and 35.4, respectively. The region with the highest SNP density was ORF10 with a frequency of 8.55 SNPs/1000 nts). This value was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than that of the spike gene, the region of greatest interest in SARS-CoV-2 genomics. Majority (72.2%) of viruses in Nigeria are of L lineage with preponderance of D614G mutation which accounted for 11 (61.1%) out of the 18 viral sequences. Nigeria SARS-CoV-2 revealed 3 major clades namely Oyo, Ekiti and Osun on a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree. Conclusion and RecommendationThere was a preponderance of L lineage (to include the new lineage scheme) and D614G mutants. Nigerian SARS-CoV-2 genome revealed ORF1ab as the region containing the highest SNP density as compared to the spike gene. The implication of this distribution of SNPs for the empirical lower infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in Nigeria is discussed. This also underscores the need for more aggressive testing and treatment of COVID-19 in Nigeria. Additionally, attempt to produce testing kits for COVID-19 in Nigeria should consider the conserved regions identified in this study. Strict adherence to COVID-19 preventive measure is recommended in view of Nigerian SARS-CoV-2 phylogenetic clustering pattern, which suggests intensive community transmission possibly rooted in communal culture characteristic of many ethnicities in Nigeria.

Книготорговая деятельность П. И. Макушина: трудности развития и факторы успеха

The bookselling activity of P.I. Makushin is analyzed. His main enterprises in the field of book trade are listed: stationary - bookstores, kiosks, shops, non-stationary - delivered to the Tomsk province. His most successful projects were bookstores in Tomsk (the first specialized bookstore in Siberia) and in Irkutsk, which existed until nationalization in 1920. The obstacles to the development of book trade in Siberia in the late 19th - early 20th century were called and characterized. In general, they led to the failures of individual book trading projects of P.I. Makushin in particular, and the conditions for the successful functioning of his bookstores in Tomsk and Irkutsk. Among the reasons for the failures are the underdevelopment of transport infrastructure, the low level of literacy of the population, the predominance of traditional culture characteristic of the 19th century, a wary attitude to book trade by the authorities and difficulties in recruiting personnel. The authors propose to divide the success factors into objective and subjective. Among the first are the modernization changes of traditional society that took place in the late 19th - early 20th century, including the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway, the increase in literacy of the population and the number of libraries, created conditions for the development of book trade in the region. Among the second - the personality of P.I. Makushin himself, who had entrepreneurial talent, indefatigable energy, dedication to his cause and many other qualities that allowed him to gain all-Russian fame as a book seller, publisher, enlightener and active public figure in one person. To expand the book market, the formation of new groups of readers, he carried out active work, the result of which was the construction of about 600 new libraries in the Tomsk province. In addition, he used the newest for his time achieving marketing and management. The dual role of the absence of zemstvos in Siberia in the development of book trade in the region is shown. The conclusion was made about the integrated approach of P.I. Makushin to the organization and development of his book trading enterprises.

DIGITAL MEDIA ACCESS: FOLKLORE LEARNING FOR CULTIVATING LOVE INDONESIAN CULTURE CHARACTER

Growing the character of love traditional culture needs to be done from the early age, in the midst of the development of technology and the global culture which have allegedly shifted traditional culture. Learning activities at primary education must provide easy access to continue to love and realize the ownership of the wealth of traditional culture, which can be pursued through the use of technology. The problems of this research are, first, whether techers could determine the subject, basic competencies, and indicators that taught about literary works to introduce culture and character; and second, what learning media was widely used by teachers in teaching literary works especially folklore. An online survey was conducted on 15 teachers teaching at primary level in West Java Province, which include Majalengka, Tasikmalaya, Garut, Ciamis, Cirebon, West Bandung, Bandung, and Sukabumi regions. This research found that first, basic competencies indicators for folklore materials in the curriculum of Bahasa Indonesia subject at elementary school/madrasa had already been included at every grade level. Second, the basic competencies were included in Bahasa Indonesia, English, Sundanese, and Cultural Arts subjects at junior secondary level. Third, the learning media supporting folklore consisted of digital media (46.7%) and printed media (86.7%) which indicated that the learning media that was often accessed for the achievement of basic competencies at each grade level to cultivate the character of love Indonesian culture was printed media.

Particular Characters in Heritage Tourism to Attract Visitors: A comparative study in Sumatra, Indonesia

Sumatra is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has great heritage tourism potential. The existence of attractive cultural buildings and traditional transportation is the particular character of heritage tourism. Heritage tourism significant benefits the economy and quality of life by showing the particular character of local people and culture. ​This study was conducted to compare particular characters with similar heritage tourism in Sumatra using a concurrent mixed-method. This study indicates monumental historical buildings and traditional transportation with particular characters significantly attract tourists and influence their intention to visit and revisit. Keywords: Heritage tourism; particular character; distinctiveness; attract visitors eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bsby e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning &amp; Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i18.2995

Implementation of Malay Culture in History Subject

History subject, as one of the topics with the capacity to mold the nation's character, should stress mentality or emotional intelligence as well as knowledge or academic intelligence. This study employs the Library Research approach, which entails gathering information and data from existing book sources such as Malay history and culture books, past journals, and historical knowledge books. This is part of the Malay culture's character, and character building in the Malay community may be used in any learning topic, particularly history subject. The goal of this study is to demonstrate how Riau Malay culture is being included into history classes. The problem in the area is that the Malay character is not accommodated in school learning; it is doubtful that this generation in Riau Province would conduct in accordance with the Malay personality. Otherwise, Malay culture is implemented or used in every subject, particularly history instruction. However, implementation Malay culture of Riau into history education may be an input and source of information where instructors can apply character development to pupils while also developing historical education understanding.

The way to write and use Chinese characters in ancient Nom culture of Tay ethnic group in Vietnam: the case study of the work “Han Vuong Luu Bang” currently kept at the Institute of Han Nom Studies

The way to write and use Chinese characters in ancient Nom culture of Tay ethnic group in Vietnam: the case study of the work “Han Vuong Luu Bang” currently kept at the Institute of Han Nom Studies

Spain as a Reference in Wine Culture

The culture of wine as a traditional drink in the countries of Southern Europe is determined by the geographical, ethnographic, and historical context, at the same time it is associated with national identification. In the case of Spain, wine plays the role of a friendly union, an element of active communication, is a sociocultural behavioral norm. Through the history of wine-making, the key stages of the country’s development can be traced: from ancient settlements to the European Union, variety of backgrounds, traditions and religions, etc. adding to the long history of wine on the territory of today’s Spain. The theme of wine is reflected in the works of famous Spanish philosophers, writers and artists as a stable tradition, a symbol of community, celebration, creativity, at the same time melancholy and sadness, as a typical Spanish dualism of attitude to life. It is noted that wine was not only viewed as a means of recreation, but also a powerful double-edged social factor, both pacifying and disorganizing. Taverns became people’s universities, and cafes with their tertulias became the center of intellectual life. Wine is an important economic component, the vineyard zones cover the whole country, with its main wine-making regions — from Rioja to Jerez — renowned around the world. Hundreds of varieties of wines are produced, which differ in denomination, aging, reputation, and popularity on the world market and with tourists. Spain has a leading position in this area. At present, bars, restaurants, and taverns, as public spaces suitable for big parties and family gatherings alike, have become not only a place of spending one’s pastime, but also a platform for political discussions, a place where certain political forces manipulate their influence, where polar views on the current and future agenda are in confrontation: the globalization of the society and cultural unification, or the preservation of unique customs and traditions. Wine culture is dynamic, it manifests itself in a new form in the younger generation, the latest gender andprogressivenorms appear, the simple, down-to-earth consumption characteristic of thebar culturedisplaces the spiritual component. The loss of traditions, including the wine culture, is dangerous for the society. It will have negative consequences for the country, will cause damage to its attractiveness for investors and tourists, and hurt the very image of their motherland the Spanish hold dear. Wine remains an important part of the national heritage, material, and spiritual culture of Spain.