Cellular Immunity In Patients Research Articles

Psychopathological symptoms and indicators of cellular immunity in HIV-infected patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder

The correlation between psychopathological disorders and indicators related to the effector molecule in cell-mediated immunity in HIV-infected patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder has been studied using comparison of means and regression analysis. HIV infection affects individual indicators of the effector molecule in cellular immunity in patients with paranoid schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, and its influence differs in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder and in various forms of schizophrenia. The structure of psychopathological disorders in HIV-infected patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder correlates with the immunoregulatory index CD4+/CD8+, which reflects the involvement of the effector of cell-mediated immunity in the formation of a clinical picture of psychopathological disorders.

Analysis of systemic immunity and inflammation in the prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma

Objective: to study the state of cellular immunity in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.Materials and methods. From 2017 to 2018, 45 previously untreated patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (25 with stage I–III, 20 with stage IV) received surgical / combined treatment or independent chemotherapy, respectively, at the N. N. Blokhin National Medical ResearchCenter of Oncology. Peripheral blood sampling was carried out before starting treatment. We studied the cellular composition of peripheral blood, as well as systemic immunity parameters determined by flow cytometry (CD3+CD4+; CD3+CD8+; CD4+CD8+; CD4+/CD8+; CD3–CD16+CD56+; CD3–CD19+), and their prognostic significance in relation to overall survival and progression-free survival.Results. The prognostic value of the relative indicator of platelet lymphocytic index was determined: progression-free survival in patients with a high level of platelet-lymphocytic index (>208.7) was higher: 8.1 months versus 4.5 months (p = 0.0027). A favorable prognosis for overall survival was an increase in the number of CD3–CD19+ lymphocytes (hazard ratio (HR) 0.91; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.85–0.97; p = 0.007), and an unfavorable prognosis was an increase in the number of neutrophils (HR 1.26; 95 % CI 1.05–1.50; p = 0.012), platelet count (HR 1.01; 95 % CI 1.0–1.01; p = 0.043), as well as an increase in the number of NK cells (HR 1.04, 95 % CI 1.0–1.09; p = 0.029).Conclusion. Indicators of the cellular composition of peripheral blood, characterizing a systemic inflammatory reaction, as well as indicators of systemic immunity, can serve as additional prognostic factors for gastric cancer.

Peculiarities of cellular immunity in patients with systemic connective tissue diseases with chronic activated herpes simplex virus infection

The formation of an immune response in patients with systemic connective tissue diseases with chronic activated HSV infection is a complex and multicomponent process, that determines the state of innate and acquired cellular immunity, which is largely predetermined to the nature of the course of this infection and the intensity of its activation. Objective. Detect changes in indicators of the cellular level of immunity in patients with systemic connective tissue diseases with chronic activated HSV ½ infection and evaluate the impact of these disorders on the development of autoimmune pathology. Material and methods. 380 patients with systemic connective tissue diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic vasculitis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis) with chronic HSV ½ infection were examined. In 45 of them, based on the results of the polymerase chain reaction, the active phase of chronic HSV ½ infection was verified, while in the other 335, the latent phase. To assess the state of innate cellular immunity was determined phagocytic indices, using the stimulating activity of E.coli cells. The state of acquired cellular immune surveillance was studied on the basis of an analysis of the results of the quantitative composition of the populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes, their functional capacity for the expression of early and late activation markers. Statistical processing of the results of the study was carried out using generally accepted methods of variation statistics. Results. In patients with systemic connective tissue diseases with chronic activated HSV ½ infection have revealed activation of the cellular immune system, especially in the active phase of HSV ½, which confirms the existence of immune-dependent processes with increased autoaggression and attenuated anti-infective immune protection during reactivation. Conclusions. The presence of chronic activated HSV ½ infection in patients with systemic connective tissue diseases causes activation of cellular immunity, which creates the conditions for the development of autoimmune processes.

Value of abnormal HLA-DR expression on CD14+ monocytes in estimating immune function status and clinical prognosis of patients with hand, foot and mouth disease

Objective To investigate the value of abnormal expression of HLA-DR on peripheral blood monocytes in evaluating the immune function status, clinical prognosis and severity of patients with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Methods From June 2017 to October 2018, 100 cases of mild HFMD, 80 cases of severe HFMD, 32 cases of critical HFMD and 40 healthy children (control group) were recruited in this study. The patients were divided into two groups, lower DR group (DR-L, HLA-DR expression 30%) according to the HLA-DR expression on monocytes. Flow cytometry was used to detect the CD14+ monocytes expressing HLA-DR and the absolute count of lymphocyte subsets. Immunoturbidimetry was used to detect the levels of IgG, IgM and IgA in plasma samples. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 in plasma samples. Pediatric critical illness score (PCIS) and the pediatric risk of mortality Ⅲ (PRISM Ⅲ) were used to estimate the severity of HFMD. Results ① There were significant differences in HLA-DR expression on monocytes among children with mild, severe and critical HFMD (F=47.102, P 0.05). ④ Compared with the DR-N group, the DR-L group showed decreased IFN-γ level and increased IL-10 level in plasma (P<0.05). The ratio of IFN-γ/IL-10 of the DR-L group was lower than that of the DR-N group and control group (P<0.05). HLA-DR expression was negatively correlated with the concentration of IL-10 in plasma (r=-0.704, P<0.05), and positively correlated with the IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio (r=0.773, P<0.05). ⑤ Compared with the DR-N group, the DR-L group showed lower PCIS and higher PRISM Ⅲ. HLA-DR expression was positively correlated with PCIS (r=0.715, P=0.00) and negatively correlated with PRISM Ⅲ (r=-0.610, P=0.00). ⑥ The incidence of pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage and cardiopulmonary failure and the mortality of HFMD patients in the DR-L group were significantly higher than those in the DR-N group (P<0.05). Conclusions Patients with severe or critical HFMD had cellular immune dysfunction and abnormal HLA-DR expression on CD14+ monocytes. Assessing the expression of HLA-DR on monocytes could be used to evaluate the cellular immunity of patients with severe or critical HFMD. Lower expression of HLA-DR on CD14+ monocytes might be associated with severe HFMD and poor prognosis. Key words: Hand, foot and mouth disease; HLA-DR; Cellular immunity

627P - Immune status of patients with different stages of colorectal cancer with and without circulating tumour cells

BackgroundOur purpose was to study parameters of the cellular immunity in patients with different stages of colorectal cancer with and without circulating tumor cells (CTCs). MethodsThe presence of CTCs and parameters of the cellular immunity were studied in 60 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients: stage II – 20, stage III – 12, stage IV – 28 patients, adenocarcinoma in all cases. Blood levels of CTCs were determined before the treatment using the CellSearch System (Janssen Diagnostics, LLC) with iron microparticles coated with antibodies to epithelial cell adhesion markers EpCAM, CD45 and cytokeratins 8,18,19. Subpopulations of lymphocytes were studied using the FACSCantoII flow cytometer (BD): percentage of T-B-NК-cells, Tregs; activated CD4+ and CD8+ cells, naive T-lymphocytes and memory T cells; expression of CD335, perforin and granzyme B was evaluated in NК cells. ResultsThe results revealed a number of differences in immunological parameters in patients with and without CTCs. Stage II CRC with CTCs showed statistically significantly higher content of lymphocytes (19.1±2.7 vs 15.6±1.4%), CD335+ NK cells (44.9±7.6 vs 19.2±4.0%) and the respiratory burst index in granulocytes (97.5±1.6 vs 92.3±1.2%); p<0.05 in all cases. Stage III CRC with CTCs was characterized by decreased lymphocyte and monocyte levels, while granulocyte content increased. These patients demonstrated elevated levels of CD4+ cells with early and late activation markers: CD38+ and HLA-DR+ by 2 times, CD25+ by 6 times, p<0.05 in all cases. CTC-positive patients with stage IV CRC, compared to CTC-negative ones, showed lower levels of NK cells (16.6±2.0 vs 28.4±5.5%), CD4+CD69+(5.1±0.8 vs 8.2±1.0%), and CD8+CD25+(2.8±0.48 vs 5.5±1.1%; p<0.05). ConclusionsCTCs in locally advanced CRC is associated with stimulation of functional parameters of innate immunity and activated Th, while in metastatic CRC - with inhibition of cytotoxic lymphocytes of innate and adaptive immunity, which, apparently, is associated with poor prognosis. Legal entity responsible for the studyThe authors. FundingHas not received any funding. DisclosureAll authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Prognostic Value of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Biomarkers that reflect prognosis and cellular immunity in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are a prerequisite for improving individualized treatment that limits the intensity and morbidity of conventional treatment and may be useful in the introduction of new immunotherapy regimens. To determine if specific classes of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in pretreatment biopsy specimens have prognostic value for outcomes in a large training and validation cohort of patients with HNSCC. In this prospective, epidemiologic study with a median follow-up of 47.5 months, in 464 previously untreated patients with available tissue for construction of tissue microarray, HNSCC disease sites included oral cavity (228), oropharynx (147), larynx (74), and hypopharynx (15). The training cohort consisted of 241 patients and the validation cohort consisted of 223 patients. Overall tumor stage was I (55), II (69), III (71), or IV (269). Patients were enrolled between November 2008 to October 2014. Data were analyzed between October 2018 to April 2019. Semiquantitative levels of CD4, CD8, and FoxP3 lymphocytes were assessed by immunohistologic analysis and correlations with clinical prognostic factors, initial treatment modality, and overall survival (OS) and disease-specific (DSS) survival were determined. A principal component analysis was performed to generate a combined TIL-weighted sum score (TILws). Of the 464 participants, 135 (29%) were women; mean (SD) age was 61.1 (11.8) years. Higher CD8 counts were associated with improved OS in both training and validation sets (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90-0.98; and HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99, respectively). Higher TILws levels were associated with improved OS and DSS in both the training set (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.86-0.96; and HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.87-0.99, respectively) and validation set (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93-0.99; and HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89-0.99, respectively). A multivariable Cox model controlling for batch, age, clinical stage, disease site, comorbidities, HPV status, and smoking, showed that higher TILws levels were associated with improved OS and DSS (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92-0.97; and HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90-0.98, respectively). When grouped by treatment (surgery vs chemoradiation) and tested for interaction, treatment was found to be an effect modifier for CD4 levels and OS. Low CD4 levels were showed greater association with decreased survival in the chemoradiation cohort than the surgery cohort. The findings from this large cohort study suggest that levels of TILs are an independent prognostic factor in patients with HNSCC. Subsets of TILs and combined TIL scores may be clinically useful predictive and prognostic factors.

Retinopathy of prematurity: indicators of cellular immunity in patients with various stages of the disease

Purpose: to study the role of cellular immunity in the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).Material and methods. 87 children were tested, including 60 with III — V stage ROP and posterior aggressive retinopathy that had gestational age from 25 to 32 weeks at birth, aged 1 month to 1 year (study group) and 27 healthy children of the same age (control group).Results. No statistically significant differences of immunological parameters were revealed within the groups of children aged 1 to 3 months, 3.5 to 6 months, and 6.5 to 12 months. The gestational age at birth had no effect on the parameters studied. With increasing severity of ROP amid reduced indicators of T-regulatory cells, the number of B-cells (CD19 +) grew, T-natural killer cells (CD3 -/CD16 +CD56 +) reduced significantly (p &lt; 0.05), and the number of CD4+ T-cells reduced showing the significance of (p &lt; 0.01–0.05).Conclusion. The obtained data testify to the emergence of autoimmune reactions and a decrease in the level of regulatory T-cells in a premature child, more pronounced in severe stages of ROP.

A modern view of the pathogenesis of allergic contact dermatitis and the prospect of studying the nature of contact allergy

Objective — to increase the effectiveness of the diagnosis and treatment of allergic contact dermatitis, taking into account the analysis of literary data on the systemic and local immune response of the organism and the evaluation of the results of previous own clinical and laboratory studies, including the modern allergy PATCH-TEST and the immunohistochemical features of the skin cellular lesion. in patients with this dermatosis.Materials and methods. The analysis and systematization of modern publications on the pathogenesis of allergic contact dermatitis has been carried out. There is a lack at the present stage of clear representations of the pathogenesis of atopic contact dermatitis, as well as the importance of assessing the immunological state of the skin as a primary-affected organ to understand the pathogenesis of contact allergy. The methodology and criteria for the further implementation of the modern allergic PATCH-TEST examination of patients with allergic contact dermatitis and immunohistochemical studies of morphological characteristics of immunocompetent cells in skin infiltration, as well as the study of the dynamics of quantitative and qualitative indices of different populations of T-lymphocytes and cytokine concentration at the system level in these patients.Results and discussion. Taking into account the previous results of conducting the modern allergy PATCH-TEST and studying the immunohistochemical features of the cellular lesion in the skin of patients with allergic contact dermatitis, as well as the results of the study of the dynamics of different populations of T-lymphocytes (T-cells of memory, naive and activated T-helper cells, regulatory and cytotoxic T cells, αβ and γδ-T-lymphocytes), the latest data on the pathogenesis of this dermatosis will be obtained and an optimized correction of pathogenetic therapy is proposed.Conclusions. The preliminary results of the conducted studies indicate a correlation between the dynamics of the systemic and local natural and acquired cellular immunity in patients with allergic contact dermatitis. Further in-depth study and analysis of relevant indicators will contribute to the development of diagnostic and treatment algorithm for the diagnosis and management of patients with various forms and stages of allergic contact dermatitis.

Partial Reconstitution of Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treated with Acalabrutinib

IntroductionImmune dysregulation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) contributes to a high rate of infections and morbidity. We previously reported that treatment of CLL with ibrutinib, a Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, leads to partial reconstitution of humoral immunity and fewer infections, especially in patients who achieved a ≥50% increase in serum IgA levels. Acalabrutinib is also an irreversible BTK inhibitor that is more selective than ibrutinib and has demonstrated safety and efficacy in the treatment of relapsed or refractory CLL. It is currently unclear how the increased specificity of acalabrutinib affects immune reconstitution and infection rates. We assessed the immunological impact of acalabrutinib in patients with CLL treated with single-agent acalabrutinib.MethodsSamples originated from a phase 2, single-center trial studying acalabrutinib 100 mg twice daily (BID) or acalabrutinib 200 mg once daily (QD) in patients with relapsed/refractory (RR) CLL or high-risk, treatment naïve (TN) CLL (chromosome 17p deletion or mutation in TP53 or NOTCH1) (NCT02337829). Patients who received at least 6 months of acalabrutinib and had paired longitudinal data available were included in the analyses. Patients receiving IV immunoglobulin replacement were excluded from analysis of IgG levels. Additionally, patients with detectable monoclonal IgG, IgA and/or IgM proteins on serum immunofixation were excluded from analysis of the corresponding immunoglobulin isotype. The analysis of free light chains was stratified based on k or λ restriction of CLL cells determined by flow cytometry. Immunohistochemical staining of bone marrow biopsies was performed: T cell numbers were estimated by CD3 staining and the degree of CD68-positive macrophage extensions in contact with CLL cells were semi-quantitatively assessed on a scale from 0 (no extensions) to 4 (maximum number of extensions). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare paired and unpaired data, respectively. Differences in the rate of infection between groups were examined using the Cox regression model for recurrent events.ResultsSerum IgA levels increased as early as 3 months after the initiation of acalabrutinib (median increase 35.7%, P = .0001), with levels sustained up to 24 months (Figure 1), whereas serum IgG and IgM levels were not affected by acalabrutinib. There was no difference (P > .05) in IgA, IgG, IgM trend between TN or RR CLL. Furthermore, there was no difference (P > .05) in IgA, IgG and IgM trends between patients treated with QD compared to BID dosing of acalabrutinib. Among 20 k-restricted and 18 λ-restricted CLL cases, the involved (tumor-derived) free light chain was elevated at baseline and trended toward the normal range after 3 months of acalabrutinib therapy consistent with an anti-tumor effect (k: median decrease 55.4%; P < .0001 and λ: median decrease 49.1%; P = .0003). The uninvolved free light chain did not change (P > .05). Peripheral blood CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts were elevated above the laboratory reference range at baseline and normalized after 6 months (CD4+ median decrease 49.2%; P = .0074 and CD8+ median decrease 54.8%; P = .003). T cell numbers in the bone marrow did not appreciably change. However, treatment-induced changes of the immune microenvironment were apparent in tumor-macrophage interactions. At baseline, macrophages tightly interacted with CLL cells, often with multiple podocytes making contact with CLL cells. On acalabrutinib, we observed a decrease in these macrophage podocyte interactions (P = .0007). At a median follow-up of 20 months, 31 (68.9%) patients developed a total of 68 infections, including 7 (10.3%) grade 3 and 1 (1.5%) grade 4 infections. Patients with superior immune reconstitution, as defined by an increase in serum IgA of ≥ a median of 36% from baseline to 3 months, had a significantly lower rate of infections (risk ratio = 0.52, P = 0.029).ConclusionsThese data indicate that acalabrutinib allows for partial reconstitution of humoral and cell-mediated immunity and disrupts macrophage-CLL cell interaction in the bone marrow microenvironment in patients with CLL. Furthermore, acalabrutinib did not interfere with uninvolved free light chains, suggesting that acalabrutinib selectively inhibits CLL B-cells and does not impair normal B-cell function. [Display omitted] DisclosuresIzumi:Acerta Pharma: Employment, Equity Ownership, Patents & Royalties: Acerta Pharma, various patents for ACP-196. Hamdy:Acerta Pharma: Employment, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Patents & Royalties: Acerta Pharma, various patents for ACP-196. Wiestner:Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company: Research Funding.

Influence of oncology nurses' empathy on lung cancer patients' cellular immunity.

BackgroundMedical staff’s empathy is closely related to patients’ outcome. This research aimed to verify the influence of Chinese oncology nurses’ empathy on the cellular immunity of lung cancer patients.Materials and methodsThe study included 365 lung cancer patients, who were attended by 30 oncology nurses between October 2016 and May 2017. At the time of admission and discharge, flow cytometric analysis was used to measure the cellular immunity of patients, including T-cell subsets and natural killer (NK)-cell activity. The level of empathy of the oncology nurses was measured by the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE, Chinese version). The nurses were divided into high, moderate, and low empathy groups based on JSE scores. Associations between the empathy shown by nurses and the cellular immunity of patients were examined.ResultsOn admission, there was no statistical difference in the cellular immunity of the patients taken care of by the three groups of nurses (P>0.05). At discharge, patients whose nurses were in the high empathy group reported significantly higher B-cell and NK-cell percentages than those whose nurses were in the low empathy group (P<0.001). There was a positive correlation between nurse empathy and percentage of B cells (P=0.003) and NK cells (P<0.001), but no correlation was found between empathy and percentage of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that nurse empathy significantly contributed to patient percentage of B cells and NK cells after controlling for patient demographics, disease conditions, and lifestyle.ConclusionThe effect of oncology nurses’ empathy on cellular immunity was confirmed in lung cancer patients, suggesting empathy education, such as narrative medicine education, should be strengthened to improve patient outcome.

Effects of doctors&amp;rsquo; empathy abilities on the cellular immunity of patients with advanced prostate cancer treated by orchiectomy: the mediating role of patients&amp;rsquo; stigma, self-efficacy, and anxiety

BackgroundThe empathy of doctors is closely related to patients’ outcomes. This research aimed to examine whether patients’ stigma, self-efficacy, and anxiety mediate the relationship between doctors’ empathy and cellular immunity in patients with advanced prostate cancer treated by orchiectomy.Participants and methodsData on the empathy of doctors and the demographics, disease condition, stigma, self-efficacy, and anxiety of patients were collected. Patients’ psychological indicators and cellular immunity were measured at admission, after 14 days, and after 3 months. The variance analysis test was used to compare the immune indices at the three time points. At T3, a multivariate linear regression model was used to analyze the factors that influenced the immune index. Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were used to examine the relationships among patients’ stigma, self-efficacy, anxiety, and cellular immunity and doctors’ empathy.ResultsAt the three time points, all three psychological indicators of the patients were statistically significant. Among the immune indices, only the change in the percentage of NK cells (NK subset) was statistically significant, while the changes in the percentages of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and B cells were not statistically significant. The doctors’ empathy showed negative relationships with patients’ stigma and anxiety and a positive relationship with patients’ self-efficacy. Patients’ stigma and anxiety were negatively associated with NK subset, while patients’ self-efficacy showed a positive relationship with NK subset. Anxiety was positively related to stigma and negatively related to self-efficacy. Therefore, the effect of the doctors’ empathy on the patients’ NK subset was mediated by the patients’ stigma, self-efficacy, and anxiety.ConclusionDoctors’ empathy affected the NK subset in advanced prostate cancer patients and was related to the patients’ stigma, self-efficacy, and anxiety. In addition, anxiety directly affected stigma and self-efficacy. Thus, medical staff should focus on improving their empathy toward patients. Interventions that focus on patients’ anxiety, stigma, and self-efficacy may be helpful to improve immunity.

Factors of local immunity in esophageal tumors of various stages.

e16013Background: The purpose of the study was a comparative assessment of parameters of the local cellular immunity in patients with esophageal tumors of various stages. Methods: We studied tissue...

Immunological monitoring for prediction of clinical response to antitumor vaccine therapy.

Immunotherapy has shown promising results in a variety of cancers, including melanoma. However, the responses to therapy are usually heterogeneous, and understanding the factors affecting clinical outcome is still not achieved. Here, we show that immunological monitoring of the vaccine therapy for melanoma patients may help to predict the clinical course of the disease.We studied cytokine profile of cellular Th1 (IL-2, IL-12, IFN-γ) and humoral Th2 (IL-4, IL-10) immune response, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA), transforming growth factor-β 2 (TGF-β 2), S100 protein (S100A1B and S100BB), adhesion molecule CD44 and serum cytokines β2-microglobulin to analyze different peripheral blood mononuclear cell subpopuations of patients treated with dendritic vaccines and/or cyclophosphamide in melanoma patients in the course of adjuvant treatment.The obtained data indicate predominance of cellular immunity in the first adjuvant group of patients with durable time to progression and shift to humoral with low cellular immunity in patients with short-term period to progression (increased levels of IL-4 and IL- 10). Beta-2 microglobulin was differentially expressed in adjuvant subgroups: its higher levels correlated with shorter progression-free survival and the total follow-up time. Immunoregulatory index was overall higher in patients with disease progression compared to the group of patients with no signs of disease progression.

Effects of parenteral nutrition of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, arginine and glutamine on cellular immune status of patients following liver cancer surgery

Purpose: To study the effects of parenteral nutrition (TPN), ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), Larginine (Arg), and glutamine on cellular immunity of patients who have done the liver cancer (LC) surgery.Methods: Seventy-five (75) LC patients were randomly divided into 5 groups (A - E; 15 cases each), group A, B, C, D and E, in which patients were treated with TPN, TPN + fish oil, TPN + Arg, TPN + glutamine, and TPN + ω-3 PUFA + Arg + glutamine, respectively. Before and after surgery, CD3 +, CD4 + and CD8 + were measured by antibody-sensitized erythrocyte rosette test, and IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-a were assayed with double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunoassay (DAS-ELISA). IgA and IgM were measured nephelometrically.Results: The levels of CD3 +, CD4 + and CD8 + in group A showed no obvious change after surgery (p &gt; 0.05). However, CD3 + and CD4 + increased in groups B, C and D, while CD8 + decreased in group E (p &lt; 0.05). IL-6 in group E was lower than that in any of the other four groups (p &lt; 0.05). IL-10 in group A was lower than that in groups B, C and D, but lower than in group E (p &lt; 0.05). The levels of TNF-a in groups B and C were lower than those in group A, but higher than that in group E (p &lt; 0.05) but lower than in group D. IgA in group E was higher than in the other groups (p &lt; 0.05), while IgM level in group E was lower than in groups A, B and C (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Immunosuppressive status and cellular immunity of patients after liver cancer surgery may be improved by a combination therapy of TPN, ω-3 PUFAs, Arg and glutamine.Keywords: Polyunsaturated fatty acid, Arginine, Glutamine, Parenteral nutrition, Hepatoma, Cellular immunity

Influence of phosphogliv® hepatoprotector on phospholipid spectrum of peripheral blood mononuclears in patients with tuberculosis of lungs.

The administration of the "Phosphogliv®" hepatoprotector in the comprehensive treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis will allow determining its effect on the lipid composition of membranes of mononuclear cells under conditions of etiotropic chemotherapy according to 1 standard regimen. The determination of the ratios of the most important classes of phospholipids in membranes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells will give an idea of the structural-functional state violation of the most important representatives of the cellular immunity in patients with tuberculosis prior to treatment, against the backdrop of the intensive phase of the main course of chemotherapy as well as the change in these indices when the "Phosphogliv®" drug is administered in the comprehensive treatment therapy. The study included 356 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis of young and middle age, out of which 308 patients received etiotropic chemotherapy without the administration of phosphogliv, and 48 patients receiving comprehensive treatment used a combined scheme of oral-parenteral administration of phosphogliv. The administration of the "Phosphogliv®" hepatoprotector in the comprehensive treatment of tuberculosis patients made it possible to reduce the severity of the toxic effect of anti-tuberculosis drugs on peripheral blood mononuclear cells, to reduce the degree of disorganization of their membranes and to bring the phospholipid spectrum closer to the corresponding values of the control group. Direct positive clinical and radiological dynamics in 81.5% of patients in the second group and 87.5% in the third group was noted during the analysis of laboratory data and the X-ray pattern. After 2 months of the intensive phase of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, abacilation was achieved in 61% of patients having no phosphogliv administered, and in 81% of patients receiving complex therapy with the administration of "Phosphogliv®" hapatoprotector. More apparent positive X-ray dynamics (infiltration zone and dissemination foci decrease) was observed in patients receiving Phosphogliv®.

Клинико-иммунологическая эффективность использования полимурамила в комплексном лечении больных с параректальными свищами

The influence of traditional therapy supplemented with polymuramil on the cellular immunity of patients with perianal fistulas was investigated. It was found that the development of pararectal fistulas is accompanied by forming a pronounced imbalance in lymphocyte subpopulations. Summarizing the effectiveness of treatment options in patients with chronic paraproctitis according to the indicators different from the normal level revealed that the additional appointment of polymuramil to the standard treatment plan allowed normalizing 70.0% and correcting 10.0% of the indicators changed. Thus, the additional appointment of polymuramil to the standard therapeutic plan leads to a pronounced correction of impaired immunological parameters, which affects the clinical effectiveness of the treatment in this category of patients.

Особенности местных и системных механизмов аллергического воспаления при сезонном аллергическом рините

The article presents the results the study of cytokine profile, antimicrobial peptides (α-defensins), as well as the indices of cellular immunity in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis in the stage of exacerbation. It is shown that the immune status of patients is characterized by an increase in the relative amount of CD3-CD19+ lymphocytes and a decrease in CD3 + CD8 + cells, activation of humoral immunity and an increase in the concentration of Th2 cytokine regulators of the immune response (IL-4 and IL-10) in nasal secretion and serum. This was combined with a decrease in the functional activity of Th1-lymphocytes, regulators of the cellular immune response, increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8) and antimicrobial peptides-α-defensins (HNP1-3), promoting degranulation of mast cells and secretion of mediators supporting allergic inflammation.

Дослідження деяких показників клітинного імунітету у хворих на розповсюджений псоріаз

Introduction. Immune disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. So, despite the fact that the data of immunological studies are very numerous, they are sometimes contradictory and not comparable, which is probably connected with the use of different methodological approaches, without taking into account clinical features of the disease, stage of the process, accompanied by a pathology.The aim of the work – to investigate some parameters of cellular immunity in patients with common psoriasis.Methods of the research. The following indices: content of T-lymphocytes (CD 3+) T-lymphocytes helper cells (CD4), T cytotoxic cells (CD8), B lymphocytes (CD 19), the factor of apoptosis FASx, endotheline-1 were measured.Results and Discussion. Analysis of cellular immunity in patients with psoriasis indicates an increase, when compared with healthy patients, T-lymphocytes (BG3+) T-lymphocytes helper cells (CD4), T cytotoxic cells (CD8), with progressive and inpatient stages of the disease. It was found that patients in the progressive stage of cell death significantly increased. In patients with progressive stage of psoriasis revealed an increased content of polypeptide–endothelin that indicates, on the one hand, the violation of vascular endothelium in psoriasis, and on the other, rate of tissue differentiation and apoptosis.Conclusions. The data obtained indicate significant changes of parameters of cellular immunity in patients with advanced stage.

ПАРАМЕТРЫ КЛЕТОЧНОГО ЗВЕНА ИММУНИТЕТА У БОЛЬНЫХ МЕХАНИЧЕСКОЙ ЖЕЛТУХОЙ ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННОГО ГЕНЕЗА В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ УРОВНЯ БИЛИРУБИНА

Цель. Изучить особенности клеточного звена иммунитета у больных механической желтухой (МЖ) злокачественного генеза в зависимости от уровня билирубина.Материалы и методы. В группу изучения вошли 50 больных МЖ злокачественного генеза. Контрольная группа, состоящая из 125 практически здоровых добровольцев, была сопоставима по полу и возрасту с группой обследованных больных. При исследовании иммунного статуса использовался метод непрямой иммунофлуоресценции лимфоцитов с помощью моноклональных антител к CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD19+, CD25+, CD95+, HLA-DR+. Статистическая обработка данных проводилась с помощью пакетов прикладных программ Statistica for Windows 8.0 и Microsoft Excel, 2007 Критический уровень значимости при проверки статистических гипотез принимался равным р&lt;0,05.Результаты. У больных МЖ злокачественного генеза имеются следующие особенности клеточного звена иммунитета: увеличены количество лейкоцитов, лейко-Т-клеточный, лейко-В-клеточный индексы, снижены число лимфоцитов, pan-маркеров Т-лимфоцитов, Т-хелперов, цитотоксических лимфоцитов, абсолютное количество NK-клеток, индексы HLA-DR+/CD19, CD4+/CD8+. При изучении особенностей иммунитета в зависимости от уровня билирубина выявлялись однонаправленные нарушения клеточного звена иммунитета.Заключение. У всех больных развивался вторичный Т-клеточный иммунодефицит, вероятно обусловленный сочетанным влиянием опухолевого, токсического и инфекционного факторов. Только у больных МЖ с уровнем билирубина более 200 мкмоль/л появляются дополнительные изменения в виде увеличения относительного количества В-лимфоцитов и снижение соотношения Т-хелперов к цитотоксическим лимфоцитам, за счет уменьшения первых.

КЛИНИКО-ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОСТРОНЕКРОТИЗИРУЮЩЕЙСЯ ФОРМЫ КОЖНОГО ЛЕЙШМАНИОЗА

Objective: To study immunological disorders in patients with a rural (acute necrotizing) form of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). Methods: 80 patients were found under the observation in a rural (acute necrotizing) form of CL, including 23 (28.8%) men and 57 (71.2%) of women. The age of patients fluctuated from 16 to 60 years and over Results: The data showed that the oppression of the activity of the cellular immunity in patients with CL in comparison with healthy people, which indicates the significant of absolute and comparative numbers of CD3 lymphocytes (by 20%, p 0.01), the tendency of falling of absolute and comparative numbers of CD4 (T helper-inducers) and CD8 (T-cytotoxic) lymphocytes (correspondingly to 12% and 18%), as well as the absolute and comparative number of lymphocytes (by 12%) of peripheral blood. Conclusion: Thereby, in patients with acute necrotizing form of CL observes immunological disorders both in cellular and humoral components of immunity, which was depended on prescription of the process and the presence of complications. Keywords: Acute necrotizing cutaneous leishmaniasis, clinical and immunological features.