Cases Of Plagiarism Research Articles

Distilled and fused style embedding for authorship attribution with weighted multi-kernel ensemble model

In this age of Artificial Intelligence, the dispute over ownership of the web contents are increasing. In forensic studies and plagiarism cases, determining the author of a document undoubtedly plays a crucial role. The task of Authorship Attribution (AA) involves learning the style of the writers based on available documents to predict the ownership of unknown documents. Hence, capturing the style of writing is primary besides challenging. In this work, key features are systematically extracted, multiple deep-learning models are trained on various aspects of the text, and two novelties: Distilled and Fused Style Embedding (DFSE) and a multi-kernel ensemble model with kernels weighted based on Z-scores are proposed. The performance of the proposed model is superior to the baseline model and many contemporary models for ingenre and multi-topic datasets.

The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence In The Music Industry: Unveiling Innovation And Unleashing Legal And Ethical Dilemmas

"Music gives a soul to the universe, wings to the mind, flight to the imagination, and life to everything." said by Plato. Throughout history music has been the universal language of every person. With each song written and music composed emotions have been unveiled and transmitted. Artificial Intelligence as we see it is penetrating into every field with each advancement it is found to be bigger and stronger than ever. The music industry is an evolving field at this point in time with many technological advancements such as Artificial Intelligence for the various tasks required to be performed for each song such as song writing, production, composition, singing, etc.. But to the positives there will always be negatives in this case it can be seen that there have been various cases of plagiarism, copyright infringement, violation of ethical concerns, unfair competition etc. This paper analyses the legal and ethical issues posed by AI in the music industry and also scrutinizes the efficiency of Indian law to manage the rampant violations of Artificial Intelligence by comparing it with various laws in different countries. It also provides suggestions as to how the use of such technology can be regulated without harming the various stakeholders involved in the industry.

Clustering source code from automated assessment of programming assignments

AbstractClustering of source code is a technique that can help improve feedback in automated program assessment. Grouping code submissions that contain similar mistakes can, for instance, facilitate the identification of students’ difficulties to provide targeted feedback. Moreover, solutions with similar functionality but possibly different coding styles or progress levels can allow personalized feedback to students stuck at some point based on a more developed source code or even detect potential cases of plagiarism. However, existing clustering approaches for source code are mostly inadequate for automated feedback generation or assessment systems in programming education. They either give too much emphasis to syntactical program features, rely on expensive computations over pairs of programs, or require previously collected data. This paper introduces an online approach and implemented tool—AsanasCluster—to cluster source code submissions to programming assignments. The proposed approach relies on program attributes extracted from semantic graph representations of source code, including control and data flow features. The obtained feature vector values are fed into an incremental k-means model. Such a model aims to determine the closest cluster of solutions, as they enter the system, timely, considering clustering is an intermediate step for feedback generation in automated assessment. We have conducted a twofold evaluation of the tool to assess (1) its runtime performance and (2) its precision in separating different algorithmic strategies. To this end, we have applied our clustering approach on a public dataset of real submissions from undergraduate students to programming assignments, measuring the runtimes for the distinct tasks involved: building a model, identifying the closest cluster to a new observation, and recalculating partitions. As for the precision, we partition two groups of programs collected from GitHub. One group contains implementations of two searching algorithms, while the other has implementations of several sorting algorithms. AsanasCluster matches and, in some cases, improves the state-of-the-art clustering tools in terms of runtime performance and precision in identifying different algorithmic strategies. It does so without requiring the execution of the code. Moreover, it is able to start the clustering process from a dataset with only two submissions and continuously partition the observations as they enter the system.

Understanding Perceptions of Undergraduate Students on Academic Plagiarism

Plagiarism, as a type of academic misconduct, is a significant issue in higher education institutions and is described as the spreading of moral panic in academics. Prompted by concerns with the frequency of plagiarism, this investigation examined undergraduate students' perceptions of academic misconduct, forms of plagiarism, and the underlying causes of plagiarism among first- and second-year biology and chemistry majors at the University of Guyana, Turkeyen campus in 2018. The paper also presents students’ recommendations on how to best address the issue in the program. Although the findings of this study cannot be generalised, it was found that more than 90% of students who participated were acquainted with the interpretation of the terms academic misconduct and plagiarism but still plagiarized. Interestingly, the most prevalent form of plagiarism was found to be substituting the author's words with synonyms while maintaining the overall organization and meaning of the original work, and the most common cause of plagiarism was determined to be heavy assessment workload. According to this survey, students favoured penalties over grade loss when it came to avoiding plagiarism. Ultimately, the results reveal how conscious students are of academic integrity and strategies that could lower the quantity of plagiarism cases at the institution.

Implementation of Vector-Based Melody Extraction for Plagiarism Detection Using Szymkiewicz-Simpson Coefficient

Plagiarism is topical within the music industry. It is filled with circumstances such as the potential of massive losses coupled with a “false-positive” court ruling due to the blurred line of plagiarism factor. This research aims to solve the gray line of music plagiarism by exploring the potential of the Szymkiewicz-Simpson coefficient toward musical aspects of music. Melody and Rhythm are chosen as the main features to focus on in the research. MIDI files of music involved in court cases are used as data for the study, with limitations put on what cases can be used for the research. Using a threshold range of 0.1 to 0.25, detection accuracies for melodic plagiarism range from 45% to 60%, while rhythm plagiarism ranges from 60 to 65%. This shows that the algorithm of plagiarism detection has a tendency to detect non-plagiarism cases and is more effective towards rhythm plagiarism detection rather than melodic plagiarism detection against existing plagiarism cases.

Plagiarism and Authorship Credit.

Literature being an expression of an author, its commodification historically has assigned a value to it primarily in terms of authorship credit. Arguably reproducing published content without attributing the requisite source, termed as plagiarism is ethically discrediting to this premise. However, simply weighing its proportion based on digitally assigned semantic similarity may not be completely justifiable in the present-day digital atmosphere. It should be noted that while technology can facilitate plagiarism detection, digitization by way of providing greater access to published content is also the facilitator of plagiarism. While the scientific community is often severe in its approach toward the act of plagiarism, there is still a lack of clarity around the code of conduct of the same as there are several grey areas related to such a misconduct on which the law remains silent. By revisiting the historical evolution of the credit of authorship and the copyright law this piece presents an analytical vista pertaining to plagiarism in a different light. By identifying the gaps in the present-day handling of these age-old concepts, one may find that there is an unmet need to revisit the legal aspects of handling cases of plagiarism taking into consideration the digital environment.

Turnitin Use and Analysis: Software to Reduce Plagiarism at Medan State University

Plagiarism is taking the idea of someone else's essay or writing then as if making the work as his own work. Seeing the many cases of plagiarism committed against scientific papers, it is necessary to analyze the use of turnitin software in examining quotations taken from other people's written works. The purpose of this study was to analyze the use of Turnitin software in reducing plagiarism at Medan State University. This type of research is qualitative research with descriptive methods. Data collection conducted in this study was through interviews and documentation studies. The results of software usage data showed a significant decrease in the similarity index of student writing. In the similiarities index percentage of 1% - 24%, data entered in the Turnitin software shows the number of scientific papers is increasing compared to the similarties index of 50% - 74%. The same thing happens with the similiraties index of 25% - 49%, the number of scientific papers entered in the software is greater than 50% - 74%. The use of Turnitin software is also effective in reducing plagiarism of scientific papers because the achievement indicators consist of clarity on the goals achieved and strategies in achieving the goals in their implementation are clearly visible; facilities and infrastructure already have standards in services carried out for plagiarism tests; The implementation of plagiarism test services that have been carried out has effectiveness and efficiency in its implementation; surveillance system and Controls that have been implemented well, as well as human resources, namely librarian staff and plagiarism detection teams, understand the use of the Turnitin device application in serving plagiarism tests.

Exploring Plagiarism Behavior in Higher Education

This study aims to explore plagiarism behavior in higher education. This study employed a qualitative method with a case study design using the reflective notes technique to collect data from the participants. The data were collected through online submission. The authors, at this moment, employed a qualitative method by assigning the participants to write reflective notes to obtain the true responses to various questions. The approach used in this study is a case study approach to understand the object studied. Ten students of Universitas Negeri Makassar were invited to participate in this study, but only six met the valid reflective notes. The study found that students have different views on plagiarism behavior. Some problems highlighted in this study related to plagiarism behavior, such as lack of training in proper writing techniques, academic dishonesty, lack of access to library resources, lack of admiration for fellow writers, and little or no consequence for plagiarism cases.
 Keywords: plagiarism behavior, higher education, case study, reflective notes technique

Analysis and Evaluation of the Contestant’s Progress in Real-time Coding Contests

This paper presents a model for analyzing contestant progress in real-time coding contests, emphasizing the critical need for effective measures in assessing code similarity and plagiarism cases. Current coding contest platforms often need more robust procedures to identify and address these issues, compromising the integrity of the evaluation process. To tackle these challenges, we propose a novel system that leverages advanced techniques to analyze code and collective behavior, providing a holistic evaluation of submissions. The system enhances performance assessment accuracy and maintains fairness and credibility in real-time coding contests. The findings and insights from this study shed light on the importance of integrating sophisticated mechanisms to ensure the authenticity of code submissions and uphold the competitive nature of coding competitions.

Decentralized App for music Streaming

Abstract: Music has always been a way for artists to express themselves. The music industry has grown exponentially in the last few years with the emergence of digital music streaming platforms. However, streaming platforms for streaming music are centralized, so artists only receive a small part of the revenue and still have no control. Respect their content. Cases of plagiarism are on the rise in the music industry, so there is a need to use technology that can help artists. Currently, there is a need for technological change that will give artists control and transparency over their content. According to the current system, artists are registered with record labels, streaming platforms, etc. must rely on many intermediaries such as to eliminate this problem, our article focuses on blockchain decision-making approach where artists and users can interact directly to upload, buy songs, and pay Royalties. Artists can submit their music to the DApp to ensure ownership and avoid the impact of piracy. Users can buy and stream music from independent artists or support artists with purchases and donations using Ethereum.

A structural equation model for cyber academic dishonesty in higher education: Evidence from Taiwan

ABSTRACT With the continued spread of the rise of online teaching, and the massive use of 3C products (computer, communication, and consumer electronics), the cases of academic plagiarism or using others’ works as own works caused by inappropriate use of the Internet are occurring all the time. However, very little research has been conducted on the cyber ethical climate in relation to cyber academic dishonesty. This study investigates the structural relationship between cyber ethical climate, cyber self-efficacy, cyber ethical attitude and cyber academic dishonesty, among university and graduate students, and develops a multiple mediation model. A total of 812 university and graduate students from 32 universities in Taiwan completed the online questionnaire. The results of the study show that the multiple mediation model is valid and find that the cyber ethical climate creates a favorable context for organizing members to demonstrate cyber ethical behavior, demonstrating the importance of mutual influence on cyber academic dishonesty between the cyber ethical climate created by teachers and the cyber ethical climate of class peers. Based on these results, we deeply examine the practical implications and make specific recommendations to improve the cyber ethical behavior of university and graduate students.

Information Literacy Training in Teaching Ethical and Plagiarism-Avoidance Skills among First-Year Students at a Private Tertiary Institution

There is an expectation that students in higher education be in possession of certain information or research skills. Information literacy equips students with skills to ethically handle and use information, thereby respecting the ideas of others. First-year students at the private higher education institution under discussion lack information literacy skills necessary to handle unethical use of information in their academic activities, despite information literacy sessions being available to them. The problem seems to be less a wilful disregard for the rules than compounded by inexperience and a lack of in-depth understanding of the application of information literacy skills. This article reports on the findings of a master’s study undertaken to investigate the role the information literacy training offered at the institution plays in inculcating ethical use of information skills and plagiarism-avoidance techniques among first-year students. The study adopted a qualitative approach using questionnaires and interviews where 188 first-year students were purposively selected through a census. The findings revealed that information literacy plays a significant role in raising awareness of ethical use of information issues and plagiarism. It trains students in the efficient and effective access and use of sources and sensitises them concerning upholding academic integrity. Although the training has been effective in sensitising students about the importance of academic integrity, it has, however, not been effective in curbing plagiarism as cases of plagiarism are still high. The study recommends the development of a formal information literacy programme that will teach plagiarism-avoidance techniques and impart and instil ethical use of information skills.

Plagiarism in Higher Education (PLAGiHE) within Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review of a decade (2012–2022) literature

The purpose of this study was to map the distribution of publications on plagiarism among higher educational institutions in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Studies reviewed were based on 171 plagiarism related publications within a decade (2012–2022). Findings revealed that most plagiarism related articles were published in 2016. Additionally, a majority of the studies (53) were from Nigeria and Ghana (23). Most of the articles focused on students’ and faculty’s awareness of plagiarism, and institutional prevention of plagiarism, but were rather marginal on challenges involved in preventing plagiarism, as well as effects of plagiarism. Dominant forms of plagiarism were self-plagiarism, branded plagiarism and commission plagiarism. However, major causes of plagiarism comprised easy access to digital information and resources; poor supervision of students; pressure on academics to publish for promotion; and insufficient skills development regarding ethical academic writing. Additionally, plagiarism preventive software and policies on plagiarism were the main ways of preventing plagiarism. Finally, in fighting plagiarism, higher educational institutions in SSA encountered challenges such as lack of well-trained academic experts to detect and report plagiarism cases; reluctance on the part of technical administrative staff to investigate works for traces of plagiarism; and low plagiarism detection skills from project supervisors. Based on the findings, recommendations are made to stakeholders for future research, policy and practice.

Vexatious and euphemistic affairs in retractions of scientific publications: A pilot study

BackgroundAn increasing number of retractions have been published in the recent past which may be conforming to the large number publications being added on a daily basis. Concerns have been flagged time and again regarding comprehensiveness and utility of retraction notices. MethodsRetraction notices published in PubMed in Jan 23 were analyzed for journal, publisher, article, country affiliation of authors, month of publication, who raised concern, main and additional reason for retraction, completeness of retraction notice, editors/authors requesting for retraction, agreement between authors and editors, and the number of citations received. ResultsA total of 295 retraction notices published in PubMed in Jan 2023 by 110 journals (which included 24 publishers and 9 standalone journals) were analyzed. Sixty-four percent of journals published single retraction notice. The highest number of retractions by a single journal was 70. Only 31% of retraction notices gave complete details. Editors requested for retraction in 88% cases. Eighty-four percent of the articles received at least one citation. In 71% of cases, it is not known who raised the concern. Reasons for retraction were compromised peer review (37%), plagiarism (20%), image manipulation (13%), data reliability (8%), authorship dispute (6%), methodology issues (4%), and so on. Twenty-seven percent of cases had more than one reason. Plagiarism of figures constituted 84% of total plagiarism cases. Fifty-eight of 59 plagiarism cases were described indirectly despite clear evidence. Authors and editors agreed for retraction in 25% of cases, and no information was available in 36% cases. ConclusionA substantial number of retraction notices are incomplete, vague, and euphemistic. Plagiarism of figures/images is an emerging threat.

미술 창작 분야의 학습윤리 교육을 위한 미술 표절 논란 사례 분석 연구

This study is a basic study for learning ethics education in the art creating field, and to understand the types of plagiarism and considerations by type that can be used in learning ethics education in the art creating field, cases of plagiarism in the art field were considered. Through case-by-case categorization, similarity judgment requirements embodied in the art creating field were derived. As a result of the study, first, it was confirmed that it is necessary to consider whether there is a possibility that the same expression and method occur repeatedly in the type of ‘significantly intentional similarity’ that can be seen as plagiarism. Second, in the type of 'similarity due to the identity of the object to be expressed', it was confirmed that it was necessary to first consider whether it was similar due to the factual description of the same object and whether it was an area of universal ideas. Third, in the 'similarity due to the identity of materials, it should be considered whether it is a problem raised simply by the use of the same material and the use of materials of simplified abstract forms. Fourth, it was confirmed that in the type of “similarity due to the universality of objects and compositions,” the possibility of proof of key creative elements existing in previous works should be considered first. Fifth, in the type of 'similarity due to appropriation', the judgment on whether a new meaning of creation is established compared to the original work and whether it is intentional and public should be considered first. Sixth, in the type of 'transformed similarity', it has been confirmed that a careful approach is needed considering the context of the author, focusing on overall concept and feeling-oriented judgment.

Manajemen Strategik Pengembangan Budaya Akademik Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri di Era Digital

The digital era produces people's lives that are more practical. As a result, not a few academic communities choose a new culture that is identical more instantly than the old culture. The development of a good academic culture is closely related to the role and function of effective education management because this is a reference for improving the quality of the educational process. This study aims to explore how management plans the development strategy of PTKIN's academic culture in the digitalization era. The research method applied is a qualitative method with a type of literature review (literature review). The technical data analysis is to use data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study were found. First, one of the reasons for the decline of PTKIN's academic culture in the digitalization era is the ineffective management of education. As a result, various facts indicate a lot of negative news about violations of academic cultures, such as; 1) rampant cases of plagiarism in tertiary institutions, 2) lack of a culture of reading, discussion, and research among students, 3) sexual harassment by unscrupulous university officials, and even 4) forgery of diplomas and even buying and selling of degrees. Second, in order to overcome the degradation of academic culture in tertiary institutions, several steps are needed: 1) good management involving several authorized parties, 2) implementing higher education autonomy effectively, and 3) utilizing resources that understand information technology within the PTKIN environment.

UMUMIY O‘RTA TAʼLIM MAKTAB O‘QUVCHILARINI KASBGA YO‘NALTIRISH MEXANIZMLARINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH

Mazkur maqolada bugungi kunda umumiy o‘rta taʼlim maktablarida o‘quvchilarning qiziqishlarini aniqlash, ularni kasbga yo‘naltirish borasida olib borilayotgan ishlar, erishilgan natijalar, mavjud muammolar va amalga oshirilishi lozim bo‘lgan vazifalar yoritilgan. Tadqiqot jarayonida o‘quvchilarni qiziqishlarini aniqlash va kasbga yo‘naltirish bo‘yicha Germaniya, Buyuk Britaniya, Rossiya davlatlari tajribalari o‘rganilgan. O‘rganish va tahlil natijalari asosida O‘zbekiston uchun mos bo‘lgan yangi elektron tizim — “Individual tashxislash tizimi”ni yaratish taklif etilgan. Tizim orqali o‘quvchilarning qiziqishlarini aniqlash, ularni kasbga yo‘naltirish bo‘yicha tizimli monitoring olib borish ko‘rsatilgan. Mazkur platformani ishga tushirishda erishiladigan natijalar bayon etilgan.

Academician Perspective on the Implementation of Distance Education in Universities during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The purpose of this research was to examine the perspectives of academicians on distance education activities during the pandemic from various aspects. The research study was carried out using a case study design, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The perspectives of 24 academicians working at a state university were explored, and the data collected through an online platform using a structured interview form were analyzed by utilizing the content analysis method. The findings were reported in the form of themes, sub-themes, and codes, supported by participant expressions. Results indicated that academicians faced infrastructure-related problems during the pandemic process, which arose from various aspects. They expressed that distance education applications would be appropriate to use, especially in social sciences, theoretical courses, and crowded classrooms in the post-pandemic period. However, using distance education in math, sciences, and engineering may be inconvenient and create an inequality of opportunity. Academicians also stated that they experienced technical issues during the distance education process, open-to-abuse exams, low participation in classes, and problems in accessing education for students. They emphasized that encountering cases of cheating and plagiarism regarding the measurement and evaluation processes is an important deficiency. Furthermore, academicians made suggestions regarding distance education applications such as maintaining the hybrid teaching model, examining the practices of leading universities, introducing a new model, integrating virtual classroom applications into the process, or introducing existing interactive systems into the system.

Plagiarism vs Similarity Index: A Critical Insight

The word Plagiarism is derived from the Latin term “plagiarius”, meaning “kidnapper” [1]. Plagiarism severely violates publication ethics and professional conduct [2]. It may be defined as an unethical intentional or unintentional piracy of someone else idea/s or text without acknowledgement [1]. Intentional Plagiarism usually occurs when some educational credentials, professional promotions, or economic benefits might benefit the concerned author(s)—unintentional plagiarism results either from negligence or lack of awareness about plagiarism [3].The first incidence of plagiarism was detected in the year 1979 in a scientific paper. A later number of papers were found to be plagiarised [4]. A report published in 2018 showed an increased number of retractions of scientific papers in the last two decades due to plagiarism [5]. The primary reason for the increase in plagiarism by the scientific community could be a mandatory requirement to publish for employment and promotions. In addition, lack of skill in scientific writing and stringent policies related to plagiarism [4]. The availability of advanced text formatting tools and free access to scientific information may also reason for increased cases of plagiarism [6]. In the early days, plagiarism detection was challenging for the publisher due to the unavailability of sophisticated screening technology for reviewing manuscripts against published hard copies of the articles. Advanced tools for detecting plagiarism, such as iThenticate (Crossref), Turnitin, Grammarly, and Dupli Checker, are available to compare manuscripts with published articles [3,4]. Recently, iParadigms has developed a plagiarism detection tool for individual authors to screen individual manuscripts against an extensive live database of scholarly literature [7].

The problem of plagiarism in the process of establishing academic integrity culture at Georgian higher educational institutions

The Georgian educational system was not familiar with the concept of plagiarism during the Soviet era. The purpose of the article is to study whether the mechanisms for plagiarism prevention in Georgian higher education institutions have been improved as a result of the application of new authorisation standards and international practices; it explores efforts made at the university level. The research has shown that universities have increased awareness of plagiarism, the Turnitin program was executed, syllabi were modified with the support of foreign partners and additional services supporting academic writing skills were introduced. The article discusses the pros and cons of the Turnitin program, as well as its challenges and limitations: it tackles severe cases of plagiarism but it is difficult to identify a more disguised form of plagiarism. The work reviews the new challenges and provides ways to address them in the form of recommendations.