Capital Municipalities Research Articles

The Impact of Human Resources Management Practices on Green Innovation: A Field Study at Yemeni Pharmaceutical Industrial Companies in the Capital Municipality of Sana’a

The study aimed to measure the level of human resource management practices (HRMPs) and the level of green innovation achievement in Yemeni pharmaceutical companies in the Capital Municipality of Sana’a, as well as to measure the impact of human resource management practices on green innovation in the companies under study. The descriptive-analytical approach was employed, and a questionnaire was developed as the tool of data collection. The population was (1675) employees from all administrative levels in seven Yemeni pharmaceutical industrial companies in Sana’a. The questionnaire was distributed to the study sample (313) of which (240) were valid for statistical analysis. The findings revealed that the level of achievement of HRMPs in the companies under study was high, and the level of green innovation achievement was also high. The study also found that there is a significant impact of HRMP on green innovation in the companies under study, with the motivation and compensation dimension having the greatest impact on green innovation, followed by the performance appraisal dimension, and then the job design dimension. However, the study found no statistically significant impact of training and development of human resources and recruitment dimensions on green innovation. The study recommends that companies should pay more attention to the current policies followed in job design, selection and recruitment of employees, and training and development programs designed for them. In addition, companies should improve and develop compensation and incentive systems and link them to performance appraisal systems and pay more attention to environmental practices for human resource management.

The Impact of Strategic Intelligence on Marketing Agility: A Field Study in Private Universities in the Capital Municipality of Sana'a

This study aimed to determine the levels of marketing agility and strategic intelligence, as well as the impact of strategic intelligence on marketing agility in private universities in the Capital Municipality of Sana'a. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach and used a questionnaire as a tool for data collection from private universities that have been established for more than 15 years and have more than 20 educational programs. One hundred and thirty-seven questionnaires were distributed to university rectors, vice rectors, general secretaries, deans of colleges, marketing managers, heads of academic departments, registrars, and student affairs. A total of 118 valid questionnaires were collected for analysis. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the data. The study found that the level of strategic intelligence practice in private universities was high, with the future vision dimension being the most practiced, while motivation was the least practiced. The level of marketing agility application was also high, with implementation agility being the most applied dimension, while participation agility was the least applied. The results also showed a significant statistical impact of strategic intelligence on marketing agility. The motivation and partnership dimensions of strategic intelligence had the greatest impact on marketing agility, while systematic thinking had the least impact. The study recommends increasing focus and attention on the motivation and partnership dimensions, as they have the greatest impact on marketing agility and increase the achievement of marketing agility in the face of increasing competition in the private university sector in Yemen.

The Degree of Transformational Leadership Practice among Public and Private Secondary School Principals in the Capital Municipality of Sana'a

This study aimed to determine the degree to which transformational leadership dimensions are practiced by public and private secondary school principals in the Capital Municipality of Sana'a, from the perspective of teachers. A descriptive-analytical approach was employed to achieve the study's objectives. The study sample consisted of (899) male and female teachers. Data was collected using a questionnaire, and a number of inferential statistical methods were used for analysis. The study found that the degree of transformational leadership practice among public and private school principals in the Capital Municipality of Sana'a, as perceived by teachers, was high, with a mean of (4.02). The dimensions were ranked in descending order as follows: (idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration, and empowering teachers). The study also found statistically significant differences in the responses of the sample members regarding the degree of transformational leadership practice among public and private secondary school principals which could be attributed to the variable of teacher qualification and school type; the differences were in favor of the non-educational university qualification category and in favor of the private schools' category. The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences attributed to the variables of (school principal gender, teacher gender, and years of teaching experience). The study provided several recommendations in light of its findings, the most important of which is to hold training courses and professional development programs for principals to raise the level of their practice of transformational leadership behaviors.

The Role of Strategic Agility in Promoting Digital Transformation: A Field Study of Yemeni Banks in the Capital Municipality of Sana'a

The Role of Strategic Agility in Promoting Digital Transformation: A Field Study of Yemeni Banks in the Capital Municipality of Sana'a

Urban-rural and socio-economic differences in inhaled corticosteroid treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A nationwide register-based cross-sectional study

BackgroundUrban-rural disparities within chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been documented in USA, but not in Europe. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are widely used in COPD despite strict recommendations. We aimed to investigate urban-rural and socioeconomic differences in ICS treatment for COPD. MethodsA Danish nationwide register-based cross-sectional study. All patients alive on the December 31, 2018 with a J44 ICD-10 diagnosis code (COPD) were included (99,057 patients). Daily average ICS dose was calculated from the accumulated ICS use during 2018 based on redeemed prescriptions. Patients were divided into groups: No ICS, low dose ICS, medium dose ICS, high dose ICS. A multinomial logistic regression model including educational level, co-habitation status, age, and sex was performed with “No ICS” as reference group. ResultsCompared to capital municipalities, living in other municipality types was associated with an increased probability of receiving medium and high dose ICS treatment, and increasing odds ratios (ORs) were seen with increasing ICS dose (medium dose ICS: ORs between 1.31 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.24–1.38) and 1.35 (95%CI 1.28–1.41), high dose ICS: ORs between 1.73 (95%CI 1.59–1.88) and 1.80 (95%CI 1.68–1.92)). Patients had increased probability of receiving ICS treatment if they were female, were co-habiting, or had completed only primary education. ConclusionPatients with a hospital-registered COPD diagnosis in non-capital municipalities receive more ICS, and in higher doses, compared to patients in capital municipalities. This is the first study to confirm that such urban-rural differences exist in Europe, and further research on this area is warranted.

Talent Management and its Effect on Employee Engagement: A Field Study on Islamic Banks Operating in the Capital Municipality of Sana'a, Yemen

This study aimed to identify the impact of talent management (TM) on employee engagement (EE) in Islamic banks operating in the Capital Municipality of Sana’a, Yemen. The study adopted the descriptive analytical method and developed a questionnaire as the study instrument. The study population consisted of 1024 workers in Islamic banks in Sana’a, and the sample size was 280 individuals selected by using disproportionate stratified random sampling. Out of 280 distributed questionnaires, 276 were valid for statistical analysis via SPSS (V. 25). The results revealed that TM is practiced at a high level in the surveyed banks through all its dimensions. EE is also practiced at a high level in the surveyed banks, with vigor and dedication being higher than absorption. Results also indicated that TM has a significant positive impact on EE in the surveyed Islamic banks, except for talent retention, which has no significant effect. Based on these findings, it was recommended that Islamic banks should maintain and enhance the high level of practice of EE among their employees, focusing on the factors that foster EE. Furthermore, the aforementioned banks should pay more attention to TM practices and provide the necessary means to attract, develop, and retain talented workers.

The Impact of Advanced Manufacturing Technology on Achieving Competitive Advantage: A Field Study at Foodstuff Manufactories in the Capital Municipality of Sana’a

The study aimed to investigate the impact of advanced manufacturing technology on comparative advantage of foodstuff manufactories in the Capital Municipality of Sana’a. Using an analytical approach, data were collected from a sample of 90 employees through a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using inferential statistical methods applied with SPSS software. The findings revealed a positive influence of advanced manufacturing technology on the competitive advantage of foodstuff manufacturers in the Capital Municipality of Sana’a. The study also revealed that information technology dimension was the most influential factor affecting the competitive advantage of foodstuff manufactories, while the design and engineering dimension had the least impact. Based on these findings, the study recommends further strengthening the application of advanced manufacturing technology in foodstuff manufactories in the Capital Municipality of Sana’a. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of robust supervision of the implemented manufacturing systems to ensure product quality. The study underscores the need for higher focus on the quality of raw materials used in the manufacturing process.

Urban-rural inequalities in IV thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke: A nationwide study.

Rural residency has been associated with lower reperfusion treatment rates for acute ischemic stroke in many countries. We aimed to explore urban-rural differences in IV thrombolysis rates in a small country with universal health care, and short transport times to stroke units. In this nationwide cohort study, adult ischemic stroke patients registered in the Danish Stroke Registry (DSR) between 2015 and 2020 were included. The exposure was defined by residence rurality. Data from the DSR, Statistics Denmark, and the Danish Health Data Authority, were linked on the individual level using the Civil Registration Number. Adjusted treatment rates were calculated by balancing baseline characteristics using inverse probability of treatment weights. Among the included 56,175 patients, prehospital delays were shortest for patients residing in capital municipalities (median 4.7 h), and longest for large town residents (median 7.1 h). Large town residents were predominantly admitted directly to a comprehensive stroke center (98.5%), whereas 30.9% of capital residents were admitted to a hospital with no reperfusion therapy available (non-RT unit). Treatment rates were similar among all non-rural residents (18.5%-18.7%), but slightly lower among rural residents (17.2% [95% CI 16.5-17.8]). After adjusting for age, sex, immigrant status, and educational attainment, rural residents reached treatment rates comparable to capital and large town residents at 18.5% (95% CI 17.7-19.4). While treatment rates varied minimally by urban-rural residency, substantial differences in median prehospital delay and admission to non-RT units underscored marked urban-rural differences in potential obstacles to reperfusion therapies.

The Impact of Organizational Culture on Administrative Creativity among Academic and Administrative Leaders: A Field Study at Private Universities in the Capital Municipality of Sana’a

The study aimed to identify the impact of organizational culture on administrative creativity among academic and administrative leaders at private universities in the Capital Municipality of Sana’a. it used the descriptive analytical method to achieve the objectives of the study and test its hypotheses. The field of study included four universities selected from (40) private universities. Considering the small size of the study population, the complete census method was used to select the study sample of (249) academic and administrative leaders. After performing the statistical analysis for (233) valid questionnaires using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v.23), the results of the study revealed that the organizational culture has a positive impact on the administrative creativity. The results also revealed that there is no statistically significant difference in the level of administrative creativity among the academic and administrative leaders at the universities of the study attributed to any of the demographic variables (gender, age, educational level, years of service and job type). Based on the results, the recommends strengthening and disseminating concepts of organizational culture and administrative creativity and directing the organizational norms in universities in order to increase the administrative creativity at universities. It also recommends implementing the study dimensions in general or at the level of each university, as well as making use of the high level of administrative creativity available at universities in order to increase problems solving that hold back the process of performance improvement.

Strategic Action for the Seaweed Industry in Bongao, Tawi-Tawi, Philippines

The Philippines is one of the top producers of seaweed in the world and 91% of its farm area is situated in the province of Tawi-Tawi. However, the country’s seaweed production has been declining over the years due to various factors. This study focused on identifying a strategic action that will highly influence the sustainability of the seaweed industry in the province through capitalizing on the public and private collaborations. This study has taken the perspective of focusing on the integrative authority of a Local Government Unit (LGU) as a supreme governing body of a locality and utilized an organizational approach in addressing the core issue. In the province of Tawi-Tawi, almost all the marine products or around 8,000 tons are being transshipped through the ports of Bongao annually. Bongao is the de-facto capital municipality of the province and acts as a conduit of development in the provincial, regional, and national seaweed productions. On the other hand, the LGU of Bongao has been heavily dependent on the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) and needs diversified income streams. One area it can provide potential service deliveries is facility support to the major industry in the province through local enterprises. This service modality will provide an encompassing benefit towards addressing the overarching issues in the seaweed industry and improve the financial health of the LGU. The analytical tools that were applied are the Problem Tree Analysis (PTA) and Objective Tree Analysis (OTA). The PTA was used to identify the major constraint and the corresponding causes and effects within the scope of the situational analysis. The OTA was employed to determine the strategic action needed through targeting the core issue in the PTA.

The Effect Social Support on Job Burnout: A Case Study at Al-Aman Association for the Blind Women Care in the Capital Municipality of Sana’a

This study aimed at investigating the effect of Social Support on Job burnout and identifying the level of Social Support Practices among employees in Al-Aman Association for the Blind Women Care. To achieve these objectives, the descriptive analytical method was used. The questionnaire was electronically distributed as a tool for collecting data. The population of this study consisted of all employees in Al-Aman Association for the Blind Women Care. The study used the complete census method in distributing questionnaires to (200) employees. Then 188 questionnaires were returned with a response rate of (94%). The study used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS v 21) for analyzing the study data. The results of the study revealed that there was a statistically significant impact of Social Support on Job burnout among employees in Al-Aman Association for the Blind Women Care, where the emotional support was the most influential dimension of Social Support on Job burnout, followed by the companionship Support (coworkers and bosses), the instrumental support, the information and cognitive Support, then the self-estimated Support, respectively. Besides, there were statistically significant differences in job burnout due to the demographic variables (place of work and job title). In light of the findings, the study recommends Al-Aman Association for the Blind Women Care to give more focus and attention on the internal work environment including (the wages and incentives system, policies and procedures, job stability, and the organizational structure) in order to reduce the level of job burnout for employees, in addition to educating organizations and institutions about the importance of Social Support as it helps employees to get rid of the effects of job burnout and work pressures in the internal environment, protect them from mental disorders and reduce its negative effects on the employee performance.).

The Impact of Visionary Leadership on Strategic Supremacy: A Field Study on Pharmaceutical Companies Operating in the Capital Municipality of Sana'a, Yemen

This study aspires to investigate the impact of visionary leadership (clear vision, future orientation, determining direction, and agent of change) on strategic supremacy in pharmaceutical companies operating in the Capital Municipality of Sana'a, Yemen. The analytical descriptive approach was adopted, and a questionnaire was developed to collect data from 180 respondents who have supervisory positions in eight pharmaceutical manufacturing companies. Stratified random sampling method was followed, and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) (V.25) was employed to analyze collected data. Responses' frequencies and means were calculated, and ANOVA, and regression were used in data analysis. Results of study indicate that there is a significant positive impact of visionary leadership on achieving strategic supremacy in surveyed companies, as determining direction was the most influential dimension and clear vision was the least influential. Age and size of surveyed companies; however, have no impact in making any differences between companies regarding achieved strategic supremacy. Based on the findings, the study recommends that companies should form alliances with major competitors in order to influence competitive configuration of the industry and reduce competitive pressure. Leaders also should be trained effectively on formulating compelling visions for the future of their companies.

Solid Waste Characterization and Management in a Highly Vulnerable Tropical City

Inadequate waste management can cause human health problems, economic losses, and environmental contamination. Colombian municipalities face the critical issues of very low levels of recycling for solid waste, increasing waste quantities, precarious conditions for waste pickers, a lack of investment in alternative strategies, increasing pollution, and landslides in landfills. Moreover, Colombia lacks an in-situ quantification of solid waste, as well as alternative strategies based on an analysis of the local contexts. This study provides an analysis of the current waste management and a characterization of the waste production in a highly vulnerable tropical city in Colombia, Puerto Carreño, the capital municipality in Vichada. Systematically following the collection routes, we determined that 61% of waste produced is potentially recyclable, and that the total solid waste per inhabitant (at 0.504 kg/capita/day) is 43% lower than that estimated by the private local waste collector. The great majority of solid waste is disposed of in El Merey landfill, which does not currently fulfill legal requirements. Given the current incentivization legislation, formal economic gains can be achieved, including an increase in employment, and the reduction of negative social and environmental impacts near the landfill, and it is estimated that its useful lifetime can be doubled (+30 years) within a circular economy framework. This study is an important contribution for local and national authorities to implement key waste-management recommendations, including the formalization of indigenous waste pickers, implementation of selective collection routes, agricultural exploitation of the organic waste, and adequate landfill management.

الاوضاع الاجتماعية في العراق من خلال مجلة لغة العرب 1926-1931

The Arab Language Magazine, a monthly literary magazine, was issued by Father Anastas al-Karmali, a philologist, in Baghdad in 1911 AD. It stopped in 1914 and then reappeared from 1926 until 1931, the magazine dealt with the social conditions of Iraq and its surroundings, as social issues found space on the magazine’s pages that occupied not a few percentages. In addition to the social articles, there was a chapter (the history of the month’s events(. The chapter (the facts of the month) includes many social aspects, as the magazine concluded its parts with this chapter and this chapter included the transmission of all the news of Iraq and its surroundings in that era, which included the social aspects as the most important problems faced by society, such as the (fire) crisis that swept Iraq in Different regions and times. While the magazine provided a population census of Iraq in more than one article in addition to its interest in the health and preventive aspect, the magazine also broadcast news of the deaths of Iraqi and international dignitaries associated with the Iraqi kingdom at the time. key words: (The language of the Arabs magazine, Population, telephone the plague, Capital Municipality)

COVID-19 Communication Management on Facebook Pages of Local Governments

We examine how Italian municipalities manage the COVID-19 communication on their official Facebook pages. For this purpose, we apply an automatic topic modelling procedure on a sample of 76,139 posts published on the official Facebook pages of 103 Italian provincial capital municipalities over the COVID-19 pandemic period from 1 March 2020 to 26 March 2021. We identify two topics related to COVID-19 consisting of COVID-19 restrictive measures and COVID-19 support measures. Using regression models with municipality and year-week fixed effects, we find that the prevalence of the topic on COVID-19 restrictive measures negatively affects the tone of the communication, computed through a sentiment analysis procedure, and it is negatively associated with the number of COVID-19 positive cases in the municipal area. In contrast, the prevalence of the topic on COVID-19 support measures positively affects the tone of the communication and it is positively associated with the number of positive cases. These associations are moderated by ideology, age, and political incentives of incumbent mayors. These results may reveal a strategic communication of municipalities to induce positive perceptions about the performance of municipal incumbents in responding to the pandemic and, therefore, enhance political consensus among voters. Finally, these findings may have practical implications for public regulators, public managers, and other followers of local governments’ social media.

Analysis of the information for positioning of companies with operations in Sofia and the 24 districts of the capital municipality

This study is the first step of an initiative of the Invest Sofia for Mapping the Industry in Sofia. As an agency whose main function is to attract investments in the city, we need information about where in the city what industry is developing, what are the prerequisites for the development of the ecosystem, how many are employed in the sector, what revenues are realized in a certain area. These are data that we could provide to potential investors and assist them in choosing the most suitable for their business location and for realizing their investment intention in the city. Thanks to the data from the survey, we will be able to put in strategic documents for the city necessary follow-up in order to further develop the region in one direction.

The Mechanism for Appointing Educational Leaders in Educational Institutions in the Capital Municipality

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى استكشاف آلية تعيين القيادات التربوية في مؤسستين تعليميتين بأمانة العاصمة. اعتمدت الدراسة على منهج البحث الكيفي، حيث تم اختيار مجموعة من المعلمين وصناع القرار في المؤسستين المعنيتين لجمع البيانات من خلال المقابلات المعمقة وتحليل الوثائق. خلصت الدراسة إلى أن تعيينات القيادات التربوية تعتمد بشكل كبير على المجاملات والاعتبارات الشخصية والحزبية والمذهبية والمناطقية، وذلك بسبب نفوذ صناع القرار وانتشار الفساد والمحسوبية وغياب المساءلة والحوكمة. وأشارت النتائج إلى أن الأسباب الكامنة وراء هذه التعيينات غير القانونية تشمل الرشوة، التزوير، وغياب الشفافية. وللحد من هذه التعيينات، أوصت الدراسة بضرورة تطبيق مبدأ سيادة القانون واتخاذ إجراءات رادعة ضد المخالفين، بالإضافة إلى تعزيز الشفافية والمساءلة في عملية التعيين. كما دعت الدراسة إلى وضع معايير موضوعية وعلمية دقيقة لتعيين القيادات التربوية لضمان تحقيق الجدارة والكفاءة في القيادة التعليمية.

Ciudadanos y gobierno electrónico: la orientación al ciudadano de los sitios Web municipales en Colombia para la promoción de la participación

<p>La adopción, uso y difusión de las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (NTICs) dentro de las organizaciones públicas ha sido una cuestión del máximo interés durante los últimos años, entre otras cosas porque de ello se espera una determinada modificación en las relaciones Estado-sociedad. En contraste con las perspectivas que sobrevaloran el papel de la tecnología en la promoción de una administración pública más abierta y eficaz, el artículo explora una dimensión importante para un pleno desarrollo de las potencialidades que se otorgan a estas nuevas tecnologías, la integración del aspecto humano. El análisis entonces, se concentra en la potencialidad del gobierno electrónico para fomentar la participación ciudadana. Para ello, se revisaron los sitios web de los 32 municipios capitales de departamento en Colombia y se evaluó la presencia de una batería de características orientadas a la provisión de información, la consulta ciudadana, y la participación y compromiso activo ciudadano.</p>

Occurrence of Lutzomyia longipalpis andhuman and canine cases of visceral leishmaniasis and evaluation of their expansion in the Northwest region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil.

INTRODUCTION This paper aims to describe the dispersion of Lutzomyia longipalpis and the autochthonous occurrence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the Northwest region of the State of São Paulo between 2007 and 2013 and to analyze their expansion. METHODS Information about the vector and associated cases was described using maps. The incidence, mortality, and lethality of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) were calculated. In municipalities in which more than one HVL case occurred, incidences were calculated according to census sector, and spatial and spatiotemporal clusters were identified. RESULTS The first case of HVL was reported in the municipality of Jales in 2007. By 2013, the vector and the disease had expanded from west to east, with the vector being detected in 29 municipalities. A total of 11 municipalities had cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL), and six had cases of HVL. Vector expansion occurred by vicinity with previously infested municipalities, and the expansion of VL was related to the major highways and the capital municipalities of the micro-regions in the study area. The highest incidence of HVL occurred in children between 0-4 years old, and the highest mortality and lethality occurred among persons aged 60 and older. The occurrence of HLV was more intense in the peripheral areas of municipalities with the disease. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study may be useful for improving VL surveillance and control activities by slowing VL expansion and/or mitigating VL effects when they occur.

Does Public Spending Improve Citizens’ Quality of Life? An Analysis of Municipalities’ Leisure Supply

This paper offers new evidence regarding the impact of public spending on the supply of leisure services on citizens’ spare-time quality of life. Using data from 103 Italian capital municipalities covering the period 2007–2010, the analysis revealed that public spending on leisure impacted spare-time quality of life in various ways, depending on the category of spending. Spending for tourism essentially followed an upward path, linearly enhancing citizens’ spare-time quality of life. Surprisingly, municipalities’ spending on sport- and culture-related services had a non-linear impact. Hence, spending on sports within a maximum threshold reveals a positive impact on spare-time quality of life, whereas passing over a minimum level of public spending for culture-related projects had a positive effect. This paper provides helpful suggestions for policymakers who approach decisions that address whether it is worth spending on leisure, which is typically a non-basic need but one that must be properly satisfied by municipalities in today’s service-based society.