Recovery Capacity Research Articles

Data-Driven Dynamic Bayesian Network Model for Safety Resilience Evaluation of Prefabricated Building Construction

Due to factors such as the availability of assembly equipment, technology, and site management level, prefabricated building construction safety accidents often occur. To ensure the safety of prefabricated buildings and effectively reduce the accident rate, the concept of resilience is introduced into the safety management of prefabricated buildings. Based on the resilience absorption capacity, adaptation capacity, recovery capacity, and optimization capacity, a comprehensive evaluation index system for the safety resilience of prefabricated buildings is established. By combining prior knowledge with structural learning and parameter learning, a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) model is constructed to dynamically evaluate the safety resilience of prefabricated buildings. Through forward causal reasoning and backward diagnostic reasoning, the dynamic safety resilience value of prefabricated buildings and the chain of maximum failure causes are obtained. Finally, by conducting a sensitivity analysis on the target nodes, the key influencing factors of the safety resilience of prefabricated construction are identified, and improvement suggestions for enhancing resilience are proposed. The results indicate that establishing a resilience safety culture, preventing unsafe behaviors of personnel, safety management, and supervision on the construction site, emergency management actions, and building a risk management information system are crucial factors influencing the safety resilience of prefabricated buildings. The enhancement of absorption capacity has the greatest impact on the safety resilience of prefabricated buildings.

Comprehensive heat extraction performance and fractured reservoir cooling effect analysis of a novel mine enhanced geothermal system

Mining deep metal mines poses significant challenges due to the high-temperature conditions in such environments. However, the vast untapped geothermal energy within these mines holds great prospects for development and application. Herein, we proposed a novel technology for the deep mine cooling and enhanced geothermal system (DMC-EGS), which transforms the relationship between deep mining and geothermal resources from a source of heat harm to heat benefit, while also providing conditions for underground mining environment cooling. Understanding the fluid flow and heat transfer processes in the deep mine thermal reservoir is crucial for developing DMC-EGS. Based on the local thermal equilibrium theory, a three-dimensional thermal–hydraulic coupled model of the thermal reservoir in the Sanshan Island Mine containing multiple fractures was established. The impact of natural fractures and fracture number on the thermal recovery performance and cooling effect of the system was considered, and the optimization scheme of heat recovery wellbore was proposed for the deep thermal reservoir of Sanshan Island Mine. It can be found that fractures play a crucial role in fluid-rock heat exchange. Compared with scenarios without fractures, hydraulic fractures could significantly improve the heat transfer capacity and rock cooling effect, resulting in a 45.7% increase in the amplitude of rock matrix temperature decrease and more than a 1.76-fold increase in overall heat recovery efficiency. In addition, the number of fractures significantly impacted the temperature distribution within the rock formation, and an increased number of fractures was associated with more efficient heat recovery performance. When the number of fractures was 7, the cumulative thermal production could reach 6.767 × 109 J. Among the three thermal exploitation schemes compared, the DMC-EGS under the triple-well mode yielded the best heat recovery performance during the 40-year extraction period, superior to the conventional dual-well mode, while the one injection and two production mode demonstrated better heat recovery capacity and cooling effect.

A modified decontamination and storage method for sputum from patients with tuberculosis.

Collecting and storing large number of sputum samples with a view to culturing these in the future requires an efficient initial handling method. We devised a modified sputum digestion and decontamination method that maximised storage capacity and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) recovery from culture while minimising laboratory workload and risk of contamination. We collected smear microscopy positive sputum samples from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The sputum samples were split and processed using both the standard N-Acetyl-L-cysteine and sodium hydroxide (NALC-NaOH) method and our modified method before freezing and later culturing in BD BACTEC 960 Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tubes (MGIT) system. We assessed the Time to Positivity (TPP) and Growth Unit (GU) data. We selected 22 sputum samples to compare two digestion and decontamination methods. The samples that underwent the modified method had longer TTP (p < 0.05) but similar GU in comparison to standard method. Overall, 1/22 samples failed to grow in MGIT after being processed by the modified method. We then applied the modified method to 348 sputum samples with Rifampicin resistance detected by GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay, which were frozen for between 1-25 months. The overall MGIT positive, negative, and contamination rate was 90.5%, 7.8%, and 1.7%, respectively. There was no significant difference in MGIT result when samples were grouped by duration of storage or positive smear grade. Our modified method yielded acceptable M.tb recovery rate and low contamination risk while allowing us to collect and store thousands of sputum samples over a long period of time for future tests.

Immobilization and Characterization of a Processive Endoglucanase EG5C-1 from Bacillus subtilis on Melamine-Glutaraldehyde Dendrimer-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles.

Exploring an appropriate immobilization approach to enhance catalytic activity and reusability of cellulase is of great importance to reduce the price of enzymes and promote the industrialization of cellulose-derived biochemicals. In this study, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were functionalized with meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid to introduce carboxyl groups on the surface (DMNPs). Then, melamine-glutaraldehyde dendrimer-like polymers were grafted on DMNPs to increase protein binding sites for the immobilization of processive endoglucanase EG5C-1. Moreover, this dendrimer-like structure was beneficial to protect the conformation of EG5C-1 and facilitate the interaction between substrate and active center. The loading capacity of the functionalized copolymers (MG-DMNPs) for EG5C-1 was about 195 mg/g, where more than 90% of the activity was recovered. Immobilized EG5C-1 exhibited improved thermal stability and increased tolerability over a broad pH range compared with the free one. Additionally, MG-DMNP/EG5C-1 biocomposite maintained approximately 80% of its initial hydrolysis productivity after five cycles of usage using filter paper as the substrate. Our results provided a promising approach for the functionalization of MNPs, enabling the immobilization of cellulases with a high loading capacity and excellent activity recovery.

Recovery of isolated lithium through discharged state calendar ageing.

Rechargeable Li-metal batteries have the potential to more than double the specific energy of the state-of-the-art rechargeable Li-ion batteries, making Li-metal batteries a prime candidate for next-generation high-energy battery technology1-3. However, current Li-metal batteries suffer from fast cycle degradation compared with their Li-ion battery counterparts2,3, preventing their practical adoption. A main contributor to capacity degradation is the disconnection of Li from the electrochemical circuit, forming isolated Li4-8. Calendar ageing studies have shown that resting in the charged state promotes further reaction of active Li with the surrounding electrolyte9-12. Here we discover that calendar ageing in the discharged state improves capacity retention through isolated Li recovery, which is in contrast with the well-known phenomenon of capacity degradation observed during the charged state calendar ageing. Inactive capacity recovery is verified through observation of Coulombic efficiency greater than 100% on both Li||Cu half-cells and anode-free cells using a hybrid continuous-resting cycling protocol and with titration gas chromatography. An operando optical setup further confirms excess isolated Li reactivation as the predominant contributor to the increased capacity recovery. These insights into a previously unknown pathway for capacity recovery through discharged state resting emphasize the marked impact of cycling strategies on Li-metal battery performance.

Efficient and Rapid Removal of Nickel Ions from Electroplating Wastewater Using Micro-/Nanostructured Biogenic Manganese Oxide Composite

Manganese oxides reportedly exhibit pronounced adsorption capacities for numerous heavy-metal ions owing to their unique structural properties. Herein, a biogenic manganese oxide (BMO) composite was developed and used to remove Ni ions from Ni2+-containing electroplating wastewater. The formation of BMO and the micro-/nanoscale fine microstructure were characterized via scanning/high-resolution transmission electron microscopies and X-ray diffraction assays. Under the optimized conditions, with an adsorption temperature of 50 °C, pH 6, the BMO composite showed a 100% removal efficiency within a rapid equilibrium reaction time of 20 min towards an initial Ni2+ concentration of 10 mg L−1 and a remarkable removal capacity of 416.2 mg g−1 towards an initial Ni2+ concentration of 600 mg L−1 in Ni-electroplating wastewater. The pseudo-second-order equation was applicable to sorption data at low initial Ni2+ concentrations of 10–50 mg L−1 over the time course. Moreover, Freundlich isotherm models fitted the biosorption equilibrium data well. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic analysis validated that the removal capacity of the BMO composite was closely associated with structural groups. In five continuous cycles of adsorption/desorption, the BMO composite exhibited high Ni2+ removal and recovery capacities, thereby showing an efficient and continuous performance potential in treating Ni2+-containing industrial wastewater.

The recovery of octocoral populations following periodic disturbance masks their vulnerability to persistent global change

As the major form of coral reef regime shift, stony coral to macroalgal transitions have received considerable attention. In the Caribbean, however, regime shifts in which scleractinian corals are replaced by octocoral assemblages hold potential for maintaining reef associated communities. Accordingly, forecasting the resilience of octocoral assemblages to future disturbance regimes is necessary to understand these assemblages' capacity to maintain reef biodiversity. We parameterised integral projection models quantifying the survival, growth, and recruitment of the octocorals, Antillogorgia americana, Gorgonia ventalina, and Eunicea flexuosa, in St John, US Virgin Islands, before, during, and after severe hurricane disturbance. Using these models, we forecast the density of populations of each species under varying future hurricane regimes. We demonstrate that although hurricanes reduce population growth, A. americana, G. ventalina, and E. flexuosa each display a capacity for quick recovery following storm disturbance. Despite this recovery potential, we illustrate how the population dynamics of each species correspond with a longer-term decline in their population densities. Despite their resilience to periodic physical disturbance events, ongoing global change jeopardises the future viability of octocoral assemblages.

Leaf drought adaptive response in winter oilseed rape is altered at the onset of senescence: a study combining NMR relaxometry, multi-omics and microscopy.

Climate change is bringing more frequent and intense droughts, reducing overall water availability and adversely affecting crops. There is a need to improve our understanding of the tissular and cellular adaptation mechanisms that are critical for plant water conservation strategies. Here, we have used NMR relaxometry in combination with microscopy and multi-omic analysis to study the effects of progressive soil drought on winter oilseed rape (WOSR, Brassica napus L., cv. Aviso) leaves. This study reveals the structural and metabolic adjustments these leaves operate to maintain cell homeostasis. Our results are original in showing that the adaptive responses are altered in leaves at the onset of senescence, associated with changes in metabolic plasticity and mesophyll structures. Thus, long-term responses in young leaves involving osmotic adjustment were combined with the maintenance of tissue hydration and cell growth, contributing to high survival and recovery capacity. For the first time, short-term responses observed in early senescent-old leaves were associated with early drought-induced dehydration of the spongy layer. However, this dehydration was not followed by osmotic adjustment and did not allow maintenance of leaf tissue turgor. These findings open further studies on the genetic variability of drought responses related to identified short- and long-term structural and metabolic plasticity traits in Brassica species.

Differential leaf flooding resilience in Arabidopsis thaliana is controlled by ethylene signaling-activated and age-dependent phosphorylation of ORESARA1

The phytohormone ethylene is a major regulator of plant adaptive responses to flooding. In flooded plant tissues, ethylene quickly increases to high concentrations owing to its low solubility and diffusion rates in water. Ethylene accumulation in submerged plant tissues makes it a reliable cue for triggering flood acclimation responses, including metabolic adjustments to cope with flood-induced hypoxia. However, persistent ethylene accumulation also accelerates leaf senescence. Stress-induced senescence hampers photosynthetic capacity and stress recovery. In submerged Arabidopsis, senescence follows a strict age-dependent pattern starting with the older leaves. Although mechanisms underlying ethylene-mediated senescence have been uncovered, it is unclear how submerged plants avoid indiscriminate breakdown of leaves despite high systemic ethylene accumulation. We demonstrate that although submergence triggers leaf-age-independent activation of ethylene signaling via EIN3 in Arabidopsis, senescence is initiated only in old leaves. EIN3 stabilization also leads to overall transcript and protein accumulation of the senescence-promoting transcription factor ORESARA1 (ORE1) in both old and young leaves during submergence. However, leaf-age-dependent senescence can be explained by ORE1 protein activation via phosphorylation specifically in old leaves, independent of the previously identified age-dependent control of ORE1 via miR164. A systematic analysis of the roles of the major flooding stress cues and signaling pathways shows that only the combination of ethylene and darkness is sufficient to mimic submergence-induced senescence involving ORE1 accumulation and phosphorylation. Hypoxia, most often associated with flooding stress in plants, appears to have no role in these processes. Our results reveal a mechanism by which plants regulate the speed and pattern of senescence during environmental stresses such as flooding. Age-dependent ORE1 activity ensures that older, expendable leaves are dismantled first, thus prolonging the life of younger leaves and meristematic tissues that are vital to whole-plant survival.

Abstract TP86: Stroke-Impaired Proprioception Limits Motor Recovery With BCI-FES Device

Introduction: Non-invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) therapy with contingent (i.e., closed-loop) functional electrical stimulation (FES) shows efficacy improving motor function. However, it is not well understood why some stroke survivors respond better to closed-looped BCI-FES intervention than others. Contingent BCI-FES intervention drives neuroplastic change toward adaptive functional connectivity in stroke-impaired sensorimotor brain areas by enriching the afferent feedback environment. The interruption of afferent-efferent feedback circuits is a neural correlate of long-term acquired disability and intactness of functional connections predicts recovery capacity. Studies suggest that proprioception is essential for motor learning and performance. Therefore, we hypothesize that proprioceptive intactness is essential for recovery of motor performance when using a BCI-FES. Methods: Participants with upper extremity motor loss resulting from stroke (n=35) completed up to 30 hours of closed-loop BCI-FES. Results: Change in ARAT scores over the course of the control period were compared to ARAT change scores over the intervention period at a one-month follow up assessment. On average, participants in the intervention realized greater change in ARAT (M = 2.11, SD = 4.68) than during the control phase (M = 0.294, SD = 3.53). An independent-samples t-test indicated this difference, 1.82, 95%CI [-4.17, 0.534], was not statistically significant, t (40.901) = -1.56, p = 0.126. Preliminary results indicate that Proprioceptive sensory loss has a greater limiting effect on recovery than cutaneous somatosensory loss. Discussion: Rehabilitating motor capacity after stroke depends on the intactness of sensorimotor neural circuits. If afference signals are missing or degraded due to stroke, motor recovery is poor. When the stroke spares afferent connectivity to the peripheral muscles, the sensorimotor cortex can leverage plasticity-based motor rehab strategies such as BCI-FES. Conclusion: Intactness of sensorimotor circuits is related to baseline severity of motor impairment as well as recovery of motor function. Efficacious prescription of BCI-FES intervention is best suited for patients with stroke-spared proprioception.

Efficiency and novelty of using environmental swabs for dry-surface biofilm recovery.

Studies on the epidemiology of dry-surface biofilms (DSBs) within healthcare settings have shown an almost universal distribution across frequently touched items. Despite a growing body of evidence for DSBs in hospitals, little attention has been paid to the recovery capacity of techniques used to detect these microbial communities. Biofilms are inherently difficult to remove from surfaces due to adhesive substances within their matrix and may act as sources of infection, but to what extent is largely unknown. In this study, we evaluate the recovery efficiencies of commonly used environmental swabs against DSBs containing 7.24 log10 Acinetobacter baumannii cm-2, using a drip flow reactor and desiccation cycle. Biofilm presence was visually confirmed using episcopic differential interference contrast microscopy combined with epifluorescence and quantified using sonicated viable plate counts. The swab materials used comprised foam, viscose and cotton, all of which were pre-moistened using a buffer solution. The surfaces were vigorously swabbed by each material type and the resultant microbe populations for both swabs and remaining DSBs were quantified. Our results found foam-tipped swabs to be superior, detecting on average 30 % of the original DSB contamination; followed by viscose (6 %) and cotton (3 %). However, no distinct difference was revealed in the concentration of microbes remaining on the surface after swabbing for each swab type, suggesting there is variation in the capacity for each swab to release biofilm-associated micro-organisms. We conclude whilst environmental swabs do possess the ability to detect biofilms on dry surfaces, the reduced efficiencies are likely to cause an underestimation of the microbes present and should be considered during clinical application.

Investigating the outcomes of a threatened gorgonian in situ transplantation: Survival and microbiome diversity in Paramuricea clavata (Risso, 1827)

Gorgonian octocorals are threatened by global and local stressors that can act synergistically to affect their health. In recent years, mass mortality events triggered by marine heatwaves have caused demographic declines in Mediterranean gorgonian populations that may lead to their collapse. Potential changes in microbiome composition under stressful conditions may further increase the susceptibility of the gorgonian holobiont to disease. Given the low recovery capacity of gorgonians, restoration approaches using transplantation are becoming an increasingly attractive option to counteract their decline. Here, we compared the survival and microbiome diversity of Paramuricea clavata colonies transplanted to sites differing in depth and local environmental conditions. Gorgonians sampled at a greater depth than the transplantation site were more likely to suffer necrosis after 1 year of monitoring. Gorgonian transplantation into environments disturbed by an anthropogenic source of pollution resulted in an imbalance of the microbiome with potential consequences on the success of restoration initiatives.

Hundred-Watt Implantable TEG Module for Large-Scale Exhaust Gas Waste Heat Recovery

In this study, we have designed and developed an implantable thermoelectric generator (TEG) module tailored for large-scale flue gas waste heat recovery. We also have established a test stand to simulate diverse operational conditions, and systematically examined the influence of different operating conditions, including flue gas temperature, flue gas velocity, and cooling water temperature, on the electrical performance of the TEG module. When the flue gas temperature is 139 °C, the flue gas flow rate is 3.4 m/s, and the cooling water temperature is 20 °C, the TEG module operates at its peak performance. It achieves an open-circuit voltage of 856.3 V and an output power of 150.58 W. Furthermore, the TEG module demonstrates a notable power generation capacity of 3.86 kW/m3 and a waste heat recovery capacity of 135.85 kW/m3. The results prove the TEG module as an effective solution for large-scale flue gas waste heat recovery in industrial settings, contributing to sustainable energy practices. This study supports the application of thermoelectric power generation in the industrial sector, offering significant potential for advancements in energy efficiency.

Switchable hydrophilicity solvents incorporating hydrophilic deep eutectic solvents: A sustainable alternative for oil-based drilling cuttings washing

Oil-based drilling cuttings (OBDC) contaminated by total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) causes detrimental environmental consequences. Solvents washing is capable of separating TPH from OBDC efficiently, but their high volatility and toxicity limit the large-scale application. Here a sustainable OBDC washing strategy is developed by using a heterogeneous mixture (SHSs&HDESs) which is consisted of switchable hydrophilicity solvents (SHSs) and hydrophilic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs). N, N-Dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA) and CHEG (choline chloride/ethylene glycol) is respectively selected as the optimum SHSs and HDESs, considering the miscibility with TPH and recovery capacity. The advantage of the sustainable washing strategy originates from the synergistic effect for enhancing forward the TPH removal efficiency, where DMCHA plays the role on TPH extraction and dilution, and CHEG promotes the detachment of TPH from sands surfaces. Based on the Box-Behnken experimental design of response surface method, the TPH removal efficiency reaches a maximum value of 96.02 % at the derived optimal washing conditions, including 32 °C, 19.81 mL DMCHA, and 9.62 mL CHEG. TPH can be separated from DMCHA by CO2-induced hydrophobicity transformation, DMCHA is recovered upon N2/65 °C afterwards, and CHEG is recovered by liquid separation. The recovered SHSs&HDESs heterogeneous mixture shows good reusability in subsequent OBDC washing processes. Our findings offer a sustainable approach for efficiently OBDC washing, which is expected to overcome the inherent defects of solvents washing methods.

Ceramic Bowl‐Supported Nanofibrous Membrane with Fluorinated Silsesquioxane‐inspired Switchable Surfaces for Successive Crude Oil/Water Separation and Secondary Water Treatment

A simple, facile and economic approach was developed to transform a 2-tier hydrophilic biased electrospun hybrid PEBAX-FPOSS or Cabon/silica-FPOSS deposited on top of silica aerogel-exfoliated kaolinite ceramic, into hydrophobicity via a wetting switching mechanism subject to %FPOSS variance. Under the same wetting switching mechanism, we did transform originally hydrophobic expanded polystyrene (EP)-FPOSS into super-hydrophobicity with overriding good oil sorption and recovery capacity. Within 5%−10% FPOSS incorporation into PEBAX or Carbon/Silica, the consolidated hybrid membrane scaffold exhibited hydrophilic wettings with the capability not only to separate crude oil/water mixture but also to remove bacteria from both oil/water and polluted water. However, with 30–70% FPOSS blends via electrospinning, the system switched into hydrophobic/oleophilic wetting with the capability to separate crude oil/water in good performance. The hydrophilic electrospun hybrid membranes exhibited good performances in terms of water flux rate, organic rejection, and mechanical strength, which however is an index of %FPOSS incorporation. However, it became impossible to engage in gravity-driven filtration as FPOSS incorporation exceeded 70%.

Energy efficiency analysis and optimization of heat exchange network under the goal of “double carbon”: a case for production process of isopropyl acetate

ABSTRACT In order to response to the “double carbon” strategy for reducing emissions, chemical production processes were optimized to lower the amount of utility work and equipment investment expenses with increasing the system’s capacity for heat recovery. A sensitivity analysis and the energy efficiency analysis with pinch technique were performed on the distillation and purification of the 30 kt/a isopropyl acetate (IPAC) production process by using process simulation software of Aspen Plus. The IPAC refining tower optimization results show that the purity of the refined IPAC could be reached 99.9% at circumstances of 44 theoretical plates, 19 feed plates, and 0.755 reflux ratio. According to the optimized energy consumption data from Aspen Energy Analyzer (AEA), the cold and heat logistics matching was performed. It can be seen that the heat exchange network was tuned to maximize energy recovery by reducing the amount of utility work. The optimized cold and heat utility usage were 734.69 and 727.81 kW, which meaning that compared with original process, the cold and heat utility usage energy can be save with 10.0%, respectively. The optimized results provide a certain theoretical basis and solution for improving energy saving and reducing investment costs.

Exposure and recovery: The effect of different dilution factors of treated and untreated metal mining effluent on freshwater biofilm function and structure

Abandoned mines generate effluents rich in heavy metals, and these contaminants are released uncontrolled into the nearby aquatic ecosystems, causing severe pollution. However, no real solution exists, leaving a legacy of global pollution. In this study, the efficiency of the treatment technologies in reducing the ecological impacts of mining effluents to freshwater ecosystems with different dilution capacities was tested using biofilm communities as biological indicators. The functional and structural recovery capacity of biofilm communities after 21 days of exposure was assessed. With this aim, we sampled aquatic biofilms from a pristine stream and exposed them to treated (T) and untreated (U) metal mining effluent from Frongoch abandoned mine (Mid Wales, UK). Additionally, we simulated two different flow conditions for the receiving stream: high dilution (HD) and low dilution (LD). After exposure, the artificial streams were filled with artificial water for 14 days to assess the biofilm recovery. Unexposed biofilm served as control for biofilm responses (functional and structural) measured throughout time. During the exposure, short term effects on biofilm functioning (photosynthetic efficiency, nutrient uptake) were observed in T-LD, U-HD, and U-LD, whereas long term effects (community composition, chl-a, and diatom metrics) were observed on the structure of all biofilms exposed to the treated and untreated mining effluent. On the other hand, metal accumulation occurred in biofilms exposed to the mining effluents. However, a functional recovery was observed for all treatments, except in the U-LD in which biofilm structure did not present a significant recovery after the exposure period. The results presented here highlight the need to consider the dilution capacity of the receiving stream to assess the real efficiency of treatment technologies applied to mining effluents to mitigate the ecological impact on freshwater ecosystems.

A Functional Electrolyte Containing P-Phenyl Diisothiocyanate (PDITC) Additive Achieves the Interphase Stability of High Nickel Cathode in a Wide Temperature Range.

The lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high nickel cathode have high specific energy, but as the nickel content in the cathode active material increases, batteries are suffering from temperature limitations, unstable performance, and transition metal dissolution during long cycling. In this work, a functional electrolyte with P-phenyl diisothiocyanate (PDITC) additive is developed to stabilize the performance of LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 (NCM811)/graphite LIBs over a wide temperature range. Compared to the batteries without the additive, the capacity retention of the batteries with PDITC-containing electrolyte increases from 23 % to 74 % after 1400 cycles at 25 °C, and from 15 % to 85 % after 300 cycles at 45 °C. After being stored at 60 °C, the capacity retention rate and capacity recovery rate of the battery are also improved. In addition, the PDITC-containing battery has a higher discharge capacity at -20 °C, and the capacity retention rate increases from 79 % to 90 % after 500 cycles at 0 °C. Both theoretical calculations and spectroscopic results demonstrate that PDITC is involved in constructing a dense interphase, inhibiting the decomposition of the electrolyte and reducing the interfacial impedance. The application of PDITC provides a new strategy to improve the wide-temperature performance of the NCM811/graphite LIBs.

Study on the influence of steam state on seepage, production, migration and deposition of offshore heavy oilfields

In this paper, the influence of steam state on seepage, production, migration and deposition are refined, and the superiority of superheated steam is confirmed. Firstly, the relative permeability of oil-water and oil-steam in offshore cores was measured to analyze flowing characteristics. Then the cyclic steam stimulation of long core was conducted with supersaturated, saturated and superheated steam, and the recovery capacity was quantified, the difference in composition of produced oil was analyzed. Finally, the CT scanning and digital core 3D reconstruction were performed to visualize the influence of steam state on migration of heavy oil components. The results show that the temperature has a significantly higher effect on seepage capacity than permeability, which can effectively broaden the co-seepage range and reduce residual oil saturation. The total recovery of superheated steam is 12 % and 7 % higher than the other two steam respectively, and the main recovery cycle is the former four rounds, which accounts for over 85 % of total recovery. The retention of heavy components can reduce porosity by 4 %∼7 %, superheated steam can alleviate blockage and increase the porosity by over 2 %. This work is expected to provide valuable insights into the application of superheated steam in offshore heavy oilfields.

Novel calcium-rich biochar synthesis and application for phosphorus and amoxicillin removal from synthetic and urban wastewater: Batch, columns, and continuous stirring tank reactors investigations

This work examines the synthesis of a novel calcium rich biochar (MB-900) and its application for phosphorus (P) and amoxicillin removal from synthetic and treated urban wastewaters under static and dynamic conditions (laboratory column and continuous stirring tank reactors (CSTRs)). Characterization techniques show that MB-900 has an enhanced structural, textural and surface chemical properties. Besides, batch adsorption tests indicate that MB-900 has important P recovery capacity in comparison with various engineered biochars available in the literature. Furthermore, under dynamic conditions, MB-900 efficiently recovers P from both synthetic solutions and real wastewater effluent. Due to a higher residence time, P recovery in CSTR mode are 94.9 and 82.3 mg g−1 for synthetic and urban wastewater, respectively. These values are 1.4, and 6.1 times higher than those obtained in column tests. Mechanism investigations shows that P recovery occurs through electrostatic interactions, complexation, and especially precipitation as hydroxyapatite. Under column and CSTR modes, AMX behaves like a conservative tracer and was not adsorbed by MB-900. Therefore, the resulting P-loaded biochar can be applied in agriculture as a slow release fertilizer without risks related to AMX adsorption/leaching by plants.