Business Activities Of Enterprises Research Articles

Research on the Path of High-Quality Development of Internal Audit in Real Estate Industry

The internal audit of real estate enterprises is a very important part of the business activities of enterprises, is an important means to effectively control the internal management risk of enterprises, improve the efficiency of operation and management, and reduce costs. High-quality internal audit plays a very important role in the development and growth of enterprises. Based on the present situation of the internal audit of real estate industry, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the internal audit of real estate enterprises, and puts forward the corresponding improvement measures.

Multi-source heterogeneous blockchain data quality assessment model for enterprise business activities.

Blockchain-based applications are becoming more and more widespread in business operations. In view of the shortcomings of existing enterprise blockchain evaluation methods, this paper proposes a multi-source heterogeneous blockchain data quality evaluation model for enterprise business activities, so as to achieve efficient evaluation of business activity information consistency, credibility and value. This paper proposes a multi-source heterogeneous blockchain data quality assessment method for enterprise business activities, aiming at the problems that most of the data in enterprise business activities come from different data sources, information representation is inconsistent, information ambiguity between the same block chain is serious, and it is difficult to evaluate the consistency, credibility and value of information. The method firstly proposes an entity information representation method based on the Representation learning for fusing entity category information (CEKGRL) model, which introduces the triad structure of related entities in blockchain, then associates them with enterprise business activity categories, and carries out similarity calculation through contextual information to achieve blockchain information consistency assessment. After that, a trustworthiness characterization method is proposed based on information sources, information comments, and information contents, to obtain the trustworthiness assessment of the business. Finally, based on the information trustworthiness characterization, a value assessment method is introduced to assess the total value of business activity information in the blockchain, and a blockchain quality assessment model is constructed. The experimental results show that the proposed model has great advantages over existing methods in assessing inter-block consistency, intra-block activity information trustworthiness and the value of blockchain.

Theoretical basis of the development of business activities in the trade sphere of Ukraine

Complex external conditions of functioning cause increased attention to the study of theoretical foundations and practical prospects for the development of business activities of enterprises in the field of trade in Ukraine. The development of entrepreneurial activity in the field of trade should be based on a thorough understanding of the theoretical basis of the implementation of entrepreneurial activity in the field of trade and its features in Ukraine. Entrepreneurial activity is a guarantee of the further development of the country's economy, the creation of jobs and the general improvement of the population's standard of living. The article defines the main legal bases of business management. The essence, principles, subjects, objects and functions of entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine are considered. The classification of types of entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine is presented, which takes into account possible types of entrepreneurial activity and provides their characteristics for the needs of modern entrepreneurs. Traced approaches to distinguishing retail and wholesale trade. The main characteristics and functions of retail and wholesale trade are defined. Problems in the regulation of entrepreneurial activity in the sphere of trade in Ukraine are highlighted, the main ones being: insufficient support from local authorities; unfavorable conditions of bank lending, high interest on loans, complicated registration procedure; complex procedure for issuing and obtaining permits and licenses; complex reporting procedure; the presence of administrative barriers; the presence of large enterprises that create prerequisites for the development of monopolies. Prospective directions of business regulation in the sphere of trade in Ukraine are summarized. The main problems faced by trade enterprises during military operations on the territory of Ukraine have been determined, the main ones being: the reduction of the domestic market and the deterioration of consumer demand; increased risks to logistics chains and supply; reduced investment and increased economic uncertainty. The prospects for the development of the theory of entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine are summarized.

PRESENTING FINANCIAL INFORMATION IN DIGITAL FORMATS AS A BASE FOR ANALYSIS AND AUDIT OF BUSINESS ACTIVITIES OF ENTERPRISES

he digitalization era of public relations is increasingly affecting the means of presenting information about the economic activities of an enterprise, in particular financial, in the context of a global pandemic, which was caused by the global COVID-19. Increasingly, in our environment, there is a transition from paper to electronic information carriers. The financial information generated by business entities both in Ukraine and in the world as a whole is no exception.The purpose of the study is to systematize the existing digital formats for presenting financial information as a basis for analyzing and auditing the business activities of enterprises in Ukraine.The basis of the study is the methodological recommendations on the use of Taxonomy UA XBRL IFRS, instructions for the revision of the Ukrainian IFRS taxonomy, specialized software products, legislative framework of Ukraine. The following methods were used: graphical (to visualize the results of the study), and grouping (to systematize the advantages and disadvantages of software that uses tax services to conduct e-audits)./Digital formats for the presentation of financial information were analyzed. They are the basis for the analysis and audit of the enterprise's activities. The structure and characteristics of the legal framework for the disclosure of financial information in electronic XBRL format in Ukraine were given. Comparative analysis of financial information in digital format XBRL and SAF-T UA were carried out.It has been determined that XBRL can be used as a basis for analyzing financial information in electronic format using special software, for example, to assess the financial condition, calculate indicators of financial stability, liquidity, solvency, business activity, enterprise profitability, etc. It has been proved that the electronic format of financial information SAF-T UA is used when conducting an electronic audit (e-audit) of taxpayers, and can also be used to calculate the tax burden (tax return, tax efficiency ratio) used by the State Tax Service of Ukraine for the purpose of control completeness of calculation and payment of relevant taxes and fees to the state budget.

Analysis of REITs in the Post-epidemic Era: Evidence from Boshi Shekou Industrial Park

Under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the production and business activities of enterprises have stagnated, and the real economy has been seriously affected negatively. In order to revitalize stock assets and complete high-quality economic transformation, China has introduced REITs as financial instruments, and the development of REITs in China is still in the exploratory stage, which has a wide range of development space. This study will take the REITs of Boshi Shekou Industrial Park as the analysis object. Based on the analysis of the market value and the causes of almost complete, Chinese REITs got failure and entered the state of grinding the bottom from 2023. Subsequently, we will estimate the risks which it may face in the future. According to the estimated results, this study will put forward feasible suggestions in terms of institutional policies and future innovation to facilitate the recovery and sustainable development of China's economy in the post-epidemic era.

Accounting of the formation of financial results and their display in the financial statement

This paper is devoted to accounting for the formation of financial results and their reflection in financial statements. The paper examines the main concepts related to the accounting of financial results, such as income, expenses, profit and loss. The process of forming financial results is described in detail, in particular, determining income and expenses, determining profit and loss. The paper provides information on the display of financial results in financial statements, in particular, on drawing up a balance sheet and a report on financial results. One of the most important indicators that characterizes the efficiency of the financial activity of any enterprise is the financial result, or it is also called profit or loss. The role of the financial result is that it provides an increase in the state budget, promotes investment attractiveness, business activity of enterprises in the production and financial spheres. The main components of these reports and the requirements they must satisfy are considered. In the research process, general scientific methods are used to solve the tasks - analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and special - methodical comparisons; systematization; grouping and logical generalization; systematic approach; abstraction; specification; research of documents and accounting registers in terms of form and content; analytical calculations and other methods of scientific research. List of sources of practical material. In the course of the work, regulatory and legislative sources of information were worked out, literary sources, manuals, textbooks, monographs, papers were studied in terms of preparation and submission of the main reporting forms. The financial result shows all aspects of the financial and economic activity of enterprises. Acting as a part of society's income, it should be used for the development of production and improvement of the financial situation of all workers employed in production.

Current state of the accounting outsourcing market in Ukraine

The transition of companies to remote working as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic has forced them to use outsourcing companies more frequently to perform certain functions, particularly accounting. As a result of this and numerous advantages of outsourcing for the client, the volume of outsourcing services on the world market has increased. In Ukraine, too, outsourcing relations have gained popularity, which is confirmed by the dynamics of the number of business entities in the field of accounting, the volume of services they provide, and their place in the world ranking. However, due to the lack of necessary knowledge, experience in this field, financial difficulties, the share of accounting outsourcing is much lower than the indicators of developed countries of the world. In the conditions of martial law, almost all indicators of business activity of enterprises in Ukraine decrease: the number of orders, employment of personnel, stocks, volume of production or provision of services, but the share of business entities that have completely or partially stopped their activities as a result of the war is gradually decreasing. Ukrainian business, looking for ways out of the crisis, is ready to invest in export activities. However, this is hindered by: low level of foreign language skills; insufficient knowledge, experience and qualified personnel in this field; difficulties in finding orders, partners; insufficient awareness of foreign markets; non-compliance of products/services with international requirements; financial and logistical problems; lack of experience in international sales and marketing, etc. In order to overcome these obstacles, specialists from outsourcing companies who are familiar with the peculiarities of organising export activities are brought in. The cost of their services is lower than the wages of full-time employees, which is a valid argument in times of war. These factors, together with the advantages of accounting outsourcing, contribute to its development in Ukraine under modern conditions. However, in order to reach the level of outsourcing services of the developed countries of the world, it is necessary to implement electronic document flow, domestic accounting information technologies and create a legislative framework for regulating outsourcing relations.

Factors Influencing Sales Employees’ Turnover Intention in Small and Medium- Sized Enterprises (SMEs) of Animal Feed Production Industry in Viet Nam

The reality shows that SMEs producing animal feed always face the phenomenon of staff job-hopping, especially sales staff. This phenomenon influences quite a lot of the business activities of enterprises, such as losing connection with customers, reducing revenue, etc.This study was conducted to find out the reasons why salespeople do not want to establish long-term relationships with businesses. The research method is carried out through an online questionnaire survey and multivariate data analysis. The results of data analysis from 180 sales staff at SMEs producing animal feed in Vietnam on employees' turnover intention are influenced by five factors: (1) Salary, bonus, and benefits; (2) The influence of work on personal life; (3) Leadership behavior; (4) the nature of work; and (5) Working conditions and environment. In addition, age and gender are also factors affecting the turnover intention of employees. On that basis, the author of the article proposes recommendations to help SMEs producing animal feed in Vietnam have appropriate orientations and policies to retain employees and help businesses have stable human resources.

FACTORS FOR THE FORMATION OF FINANCIAL SECURITY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES ON THE BASIS OF INNOVATION

Attention has been updated to the problems of forming financial support for the implementation of investment and innovation projects of enterprises, which aim to ensure their innovative development. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to identify the composition and analysis of the factors of the formation of financial support for the development of enterprises in Ukraine on an innovative basis. A typology of the factors of attracting financial support for investment and innovation goals was carried out in two directions: (1) internal resources and capabilities of economic entities, (2) external sources of accumulation of financial resources. Among the internal factors, the influence of such as the financial and economic condition, results and business activity of enterprises, availability of internal investment capital, innovative and technological activity of business entities, financial security and protection of intellectual property objects of innovatively active enterprises was analyzed. According to external factors, such as the development of the financial and credit system of the region, the activities of venture funds, business angels, the state of development of innovative infrastructure and the business environment were analyzed. The conditions that determine the specified factors of financial support for the innovative development of domestic enterprises are characterized, as well as their current state and the main problems that prevent the full involvement of financial and investment assets sufficient for the full-fledged conduct of innovative and technological activities by economic entities of Ukraine are identified. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the further development of the methodological and applied principles of classification and typology of the factors of the formation of financial support for the activation of innovative activities of enterprises. The applied value of the research results lies in the possibility of identifying the available factors for the formation of financial and investment support for innovative and technological growth of business entities.

Digital Accounting Systems (DIS): Concepts, Components and Roles in Business

Today, with the continuous development of science and technology, the most advanced technology has been applied to the field of human activities, from production and business to monitoring and management. Technology helps people manage work more efficiently and quickly, while providing timely and reliable information. Accounting is a leading important part of the economic and financial management system, playing a great role in controlling, managing and operating the production and business activities of enterprises, especially in the financial sector. current period. That requires businesses to apply technology to the organization that performs accounting work with the aim of creating an effective accounting information system. Such system must be reasonable, rigorous, provide truthful, timely and reliable information with the most advanced processing techniques. That not only contributes to increasing competitiveness but also improves operational efficiency in enterprises. This is an inevitable development trend and is consistent with the renovation process, especially in the current period of economic integration. In this article, Research on the concept of a digital accounting information system and a plan to develop an accounting information system in an enterprise.

HOW TO DO A GOOD JOB IN ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION AND EFFECTIVELY IMPROVE MANAGEMENT LEVEL

In today's era, communication is a fundamental behavior in human social behavior and one of the driving forces behind the continuous development and progress of human society. Communication is also the best way to communicate between people. In today's rapidly developing economy, enterprises are widely present around the world, and they are also one of the most basic forms of human social organization engaged in economic activities. Management communication is the lifeline of an organization, which organically connects the organization from the inside out, and has a significant impact on improving organizational efficiency and ensuring orderly operation. In today's society, the external environment faced by enterprises is constantly changing, and the organizational structure of enterprises is becoming increasingly complex. There are also significant differences in the cultural background, education level, thinking methods, behavioral habits, and many other aspects of organizational members. Poor internal communication within the enterprise, a lack of trust from managers towards employees, a weak sense of identification among employees, and a lack of cohesion are common phenomena in current enterprises. Faced with this situation, management communication, as a tool for exchanging information, solving problems, resolving conflicts, and quelling conflicts, plays a particularly important role in the business activities of enterprises.

Теория устойчивого развития предприятия: институциональный аспект разработки в условиях esg-трансформации

The article deals with the development of the institutional aspect of the theory of sustainable development of an enterprise in the context of ESG transformation, which is formed under the influence of the formation of a new world economic order and a paradigmatic change in the institutional and technological conditions for doing business. The article shows that the conceptual features of the existing approaches to the analysis of the processes of sustainable development of the enterprise are associated with attempts to analyze the relationship between business and society taking into account the need to maintain a balance of economic, social and environmental goals through the use of a common paradigmatic logic “institutions – processes – results”, which allows combining research related to different disciplines; but this logic leads to the construction of eclectic theoretical schemes for describing the business activities of enterprises in the context of ESG transformation. The research approach proposed by the author contributes to the knowledge of endogenous business processes of enterprise development and the construction of institutional mechanisms for the formation of strategic competitive properties that meet the principles of sustainable development in the context of the reindustrialization of the Russian economy based on advanced technologies. This approach focuses on the search for a preferredsustainable development strategies of a modern enterprise, which today are largely determined by the public demand for ESG transformation and are associated with the consideration of various opportunities for integrating sustainable development goals into business activities in the context of the growth of institutional structures and financial products that meet the requirements of ESG principles. The paper concludes that for a successful transition to a new paradigm of doing business, it is important to form a favorable business environment in the Russian economy based on the creation of a sovereign model of institutional regulators in accordance with the trends of ESG transformation as part of the introduction of tools for the development of an integral world economic order.

Research on Cross-Cultural Management in International Business Activities

The promotion of cross-cultural management work can provide strong support for the high-level promotion of international business activities of enterprises. The article first summarizes the main roles and impacts of cross-cultural management in international business activities of enterprises, believing that cross-cultural management plays a role in the cultural differences between East and West in terms of personal relationships, cooperative norms, time awareness, and cultural conflicts, propose cross-cultural management strategies in international business activities of enterprises, by strengthening cultural construction, optimizing negotiation methods, adjusting strategic decisions, and adjusting market choices, to ensure the high-level operation of cross-cultural management related work.

A Study on Corporate Overall Budget Management under the Balanced Scorecard: A Case Study of TCL Group

In the fierce market competition, the management level of Chinese enterprises lags far behind foreign countries, and how to continuously digest, absorb and learn from the business philosophy and practices of foreign companies and shorten the gap with foreign enterprises has become an urgent problem. In enterprise operation, internal financial accounting is an important part of enterprise business activities. The world's top 500 companies use it as the basic structure of their operations. The system has been further developed by new research findings, such as the Integrated Finance and Balanced Scorecard. This makes it possible to add a new function to the original one. Starting from the definition of the connotation of comprehensive budget, this paper expounds the connection between financial accounting and financial accounting, and explains from the perspective of financial accounting that financial accounting rises from the financial accounting behavior at the operational level to the comprehensive financial management of the enterprise, and its essence is to use the scorecard method to carry out the strategic operation of the enterprise. The use of balanced scoring at all aspects of the budget (target system setting, preparation, assessment and incentives) highlights the strategic nature and operational possibilities. Combined with actual cases, the overall finance of TCL Group was studied.

Sources of Intellectual Capital Acquisition

Research related to intellectual capital (IC) concerns its use and impact on the selected results achieved by enterprises. IC is analysed as a single stream of enterprises’ internal resources. Since IC is used in the business activities of enterprises, it must also be acquired. However, research conducted so far does not cover the area of IC acquisition. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of research undertaken in a relatively new area of IC acquisition that has not been scientifically explored over a research period of several years. The research covered innovative small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that were developing software in Poland from 2005 to 2019. The data series allowed the use of dedicated analysis tools, including the dynamic changes over time, multidimensional comparison and cluster analysis. The primary conclusions revealed that the acquisition of IC is a process that takes place simultaneously and continuously in two independent streams—internal and external—and that the external sources of IC were more important for SMEs covered by the research. Continued research will allow comparative analyses between various branches or sectors of the economy to bring new knowledge about the importance of IC to the business activities of enterprises.

Оцінка фінансового забезпечення функціонування та розвитку сільськогосподарських підприємств

Abstract. Introduction. The main results of the study of the problem of financial support of agricultural enterprises are outlined. The importance of financial support of agricultural enterprises as one of the important levers of ensuring effective financial and economic activity is substantiated. A thorough analysis of the dynamics of financial support for the functioning of agricultural enterprises of the Vinnytsia region was conducted, the results of which are structured according to the following aggregated components: assessment of the economic efficiency of enterprises and the use of their resource potential; analysis of funding sources; monitoring and diagnosis of liquidity and solvency; analysis and determination of the level and type of financial stability of enterprises; assessment of the level of business activity of enterprises; definition and retrospective analysis of the integrated indicator of financial support. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to conduct a thorough analysis of the financial support for the functioning of agricultural enterprises of the Vinnytsia region based on the results of monitoring indicators of the economic efficiency of enterprises and the use of their resource potential; analysis of funding sources; diagnostics of liquidity, solvency, financial stability and the level of their business activity. Results. The results of the analysis of the general indicators of the efficiency of production activity and the level of financial support of agricultural enterprises were formalized using the calculation and comparison of the ratios of the rates of change in their profit, revenue from sales and change in capital. It was established that, despite the steady trend of profit, the productivity of agricultural enterprises of Vinnytsia region does not meet the "golden rule of ratio" and requires the development and implementation of mechanisms to increase the efficiency of the use of their financial resources. Conclusions. The main problematic aspects of the financial support of agricultural enterprises of the Vinnytsia region are identified and the possible directions for their elimination in modern business conditions are outlined.

Some Theoretical and Practical Issues on International Supply Chain Cooperation of Vietnamese Seafood Enterprises

International supply chain cooperation increasingly affirms the important role in the development of the supply chain and in the business activities of enterprises. With the aim of analyzing and evaluating the process of international supply chain cooperation of Vietnamese seafood enterprises, the article analyzes and evaluates the situation of international supply chain cooperation of Vietnamese seafood enterprises in recent years. Since then, the article has proposed a number of solutions for state management agencies, the Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers (VASEP) and enterprises to improve the ability to cooperate in the international supply chain for Vietnamese seafood enterprises. Keywords: Cooperation, supply chain, international, fisheries, Vietnam DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/14-10-02 Publication date: May 31 st 2022

A Framework for the Assessment of Fiscal Consequences of Global Trade Wars

The article is devoted to topical issues of assessing the consequences of trade wars for the fiscal space of third countries. The main preconditions and causes of the trade conflict between the United States and China were studied. The main models for assessing the consequences of global trade wars were analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the global integrated monetary, fiscal and global trade models, which are based on the principles of general economic equilibrium and are widely used to assess the economic consequences of global challenges, including trade wars. It was found that the global integrated monetary and fiscal model, other macroeconomic models were aimed at determining the economic consequences and effects and cannot be directly used to assess fiscal risks and likely budget losses due to global trade wars. The aim of the article is to deepen the principles of assessing the fiscal consequences of trade wars in the conditions of uncertainty in foreign economic policy and directions of restructuring of the world value chains. The economic consequences of the conflict and the channels of their spread to third countries were identified taking into account the deepening globalization processes. The direct and indirect dependence of exports and imports, GDP, investments, factor productivity level and tax revenues on changes in foreign trade, tariff increases, increasing uncertainty in world trade in the short, medium and long term is highlighted. The estimates obtained by different models are summarized. The fiscal consequences of the trade conflict between the United States and China for Ukraine as a country with a small, open and predominantly commodity economy were quantified. The inclusion in fiscal risks of probable losses of foreign trade from global trade wars, arising due to various reasons, which may decrease the tax revenues or increase the expenditures on the public support of enterprises, is justified. Changes in the methodology for assessment of fiscal risks are proposed, enabling to estimate the cost impact of fiscal risks on the public budget of Ukraine. Proposals for improvements in the statistical monitoring of business activity of enterprises, to form an appropriate information base for monitoring foreign economic activities, assessing fiscal risks and making decisions to ensure the sustainability of public finance and public support for enterprises in the conditions of global trade wars, are substantiated.

ДІЛОВА АКТИВНІСТЬ ПРОМИСЛОВИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ УКРАЇНИ

The main purpose of this work is to determine the peculiarities of the business activity of industrial enterprises of Ukraine in modern realities and to find ways to increase it. The main interpretations of the concept of "business activity", its main quantitative and qualitative characteristics have been studied. It was determined that business activity is a complex characteristic of the efficiency of the external and internal activity of the enterprise, which is built on the basis of its quantitative and qualitative indicators and reflects the efficiency of the use of all available resources (financial, material, intangible, labor), position on the market, its image and economic potential enterprises. The relevance of research in modern realities, the need to assess business activity is revealed. The impact of business activity on the functionality of enterprises, the main external and internal factors that affect the level of business activity are determined. The essence of the "golden rule of economics", its influence on the level of business activity of the enterprise is considered. It was determined that the higher the rate of growth of net income from the sale of products at the enterprise than the rate of growth of the value of assets, the higher the level of business activity will be. The methodological aspects of the analysis of business activity were studied, the analysis of the level of business activity of industrial enterprises of Ukraine for the years 2016-2020 was carried out, using asset turnover ratios. The business activity of the enterprise in the financial aspect is primarily manifested in the speed of rotation of its liabilities, assets and their components. The importance of turnover indicators is explained by the fact that turnover characteristics largely determine the level of efficiency and profitability of the enterprise. The main problems that can cause a decrease in the level of business activity have been identified. It was revealed that the main problem of ensuring business activity is military operations as a result of the Ukrainian-Russian war, the influence of the factor on the functionality of enterprises was investigated. The main ways of ensuring the business activity of the enterprise in modern conditions have been determined on the basis of surveys of entrepreneurs and the plan of economic recovery of Ukraine proposed by the Ministry of Economy.

Assessment of business activity and ways to increase it, on the example of an agro-industrial complex enterprise

One of the most important factors in the formation of an effectively functioning market of agricultural products is the business activity of market players. High competition in the market of agricultural products forces producers to clearly formulate their tasks and the necessary resources for their implementation. The article gives an assessment of the business activity of the agro-industrial complex enterprise. It is established that insufficient effective use of fixed and working capital, as well as insufficient effective personnel management. It is possible to recognize the business activity of an agro-industrial complex enterprise and profitability as satisfactory but having a negative trend. To increase the business activity of the enterprise in question, calculations of profitability and business activity indicators were performed. Based on the analysis of business activity and profitability, the company’s management has been given appropriate recommendations to improve the efficiency of management.