Brazilian Group Research Articles

O TORCEDOR POR DETRÁS DO RÓTULO: CARACTERIZAÇÃO E PERCEPÇÃO DA VIOLÊNCIA DE JOVENS TORCEDORES ORGANIZADOS

Nesta pesquisa, buscamos caracterizar os jovens torcedores organizados quanto à sua idade, nível de instrução, estado civil e organização familiar. Buscamos, também, descrever e analisar sua percepção da violência no futebol, bem como da relação entre essa violência e a mídia esportiva. A fim de cumprir tais objetivos, adotamos uma metodologia quanti-qualitativa, que combinou pesquisas estatística, bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Entre outras coisas, os resultados obtidos sugerem que muitas das generalizações feitas pelos meios de comunicação dos referidos torcedores não encontram respaldo empírico

A5237 - Fifteen Years Expierience Brazilian Multicentric Study Group of Endoluminal Therapy for the Treatment of Obesity

A5237 - Fifteen Years Expierience Brazilian Multicentric Study Group of Endoluminal Therapy for the Treatment of Obesity

Diagnosis of chronic lymphoproliferative disorders by flow cytometry using four-color combinations for immunophenotyping: A proposal of the brazilian group of flow cytometry (GBCFLUX).

Multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) is a powerful tool for the diagnosis of hematological malignancies and has been useful for the classification of chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (CLPD) according to the WHO criteria. Following the purposes of the Brazilian Group of Flow Cytometry (GBCFLUX), the aim of this report was to standardize the minimum requirements to achieve an accurate diagnosis in CLPDs, considering the different economic possibilities of the laboratories in our country. Most laboratories in Brazil work with 4-fluorescence flow cytometers, which is why the GBCFLUX CLPD Committee has proposed 4-color monoclonal antibody (MoAb) panels. Panels for screening and diagnosis in B, T and NK lymphoproliferative disorders were developed based on the normal differentiation pathways of these cells and the most frequent phenotypic aberrations. Important markers for prognosis and for minimal residual disease (MRD) evaluation were also included. The MoAb panels presented here were designed based on the diagnostic expertise of the participating laboratories and an extensive literature review. The 4-color panels presented to aid in the diagnosis of lymphoproliferative neoplasms by GBCFLUX aim to provide clinical laboratories with a systematic, step-wise, cost-effective, and reproducible approach to obtain an accurate immunophenotypic diagnosis of the most frequent of these disorders. © 2016 International Clinical Cytometry Society.

Perspectiva histórica, etnicidade e historicidade para a compreensão dos Kinikinau

The Brazilian indigenous group Guana-Aruak called Kinikinau was considered extinct in the first half of the 20th century – in theory. This article shows that new or renewed conceptions in Anthropology allowed new approaches to the indigenous people, including their perceptions and adopting a historical perspective, thus enabling a reconstruction of their experiences beyond the one-way view and voice of history. The “disappearance” of that group, like in many similar cases, is a historical and theoretical product shattered by their presence in Brazilian society – invalidating all pessimistic prognoses as to their permanence. The article points out the theoretical and methodological resources that allow giving visibility to ethnic groups otherwise considered extinct, on the basis of the experience of a written part of Kinikinau history – which demanded a dialogue between the fields of History and Anthropology, renewed from the decade of 1970 onwards. Keywords: Indigenous History, historical perspective, ethnicity.

Social representations and meta-representations of brazilian immigrants in Europe

Based on the theoretical contribution of the Social Representations Theory, the study aimed, to identify the social representations of Brazilians, Europeans and immigrants, in addition to the meta-representations of Brazilians and immigrants made to 180 Brazilians residing in six European countries. To do this we used a semi-structured questionnaire with free association questions for the representation of objects. The results show that Brazilians consider positively the groups of immigrants and Brazilians through affection and higher social status. The meta-representations of immigrants affirm an image of undesirability of the group on the part of Europeans; and the meta-representations of Brazilians, in turn, are oriented toward meanings that objectify Brazilian women through an image of sex and prostitution. It was concluded that the social representations – in relation to the social groups analyzed – favor the discussion of the identity function related representations, by having submitted a controversial content relating to the social groups that act as a minority against a hegemonic European society.

OTHERING PROCESSES AMONG BRAZILIAN INTERACTANTS ON THE INTERNET

The article focuses on the process of othering as it is embodied in linguistic interactions among Brazilians on the Internet during the last decade, when socioeconomic mobility expanded the access and the adherence to practices involving digital technological resources by different social Brazilian groups. By othering, it means any linguistic-discursive action by which an individual or group is classified as “not one of us” (difference and strangeness). Considering that the construction of the Other is made up of social action; has an ideological component; and that an exercise of power is always present, the aim herewith is to show that othering processes in focused interactions instantiate overlaps, interceptions and tangencies between different space-temporal scales which constitute the contemporary Brazilian “reality”. Observational data from a research project carried out since 2005 about internet-mediated interactions among Brazilians will be used to illustrate the contentions put forth in this paper. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Description of a new troglomorphic species of Charinus Simon, 1892 from Brazil (Arachnida, Amblypygi, Charinidae).

Charinus taboa sp. n. comprises the twenty-second species of the genus described for Brazil. The new species belongs to the eastern Brazilian group, in which all species have sucker-like gonopods. Charinus taboa sp. n. has a marked sexual dimorphism in the pedipalps as do other members of the genus in the country. The description of Charinus taboa sp. n. offers an opportunity to discuss some aspects of ecology, troglomorphism and conservation within the genus. A key to the eastern Brazilian species of Charinus is provided.

Resisting Invasions: Indigenous Peoples and Land Rights Battles in Mabo and Terra Vermelha

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n2p151This article examines two feature films, focusing on the link between Indigenous cinema, environmental preservation and land rights. The first film is Mabo (2012) directed by Aboriginal filmmaker Rachel Perkins. It centres on a man’ legal battle for recognition of Indigenous land’ ownership in Australia. The second film is Terra Vermelha (Birdwatchers, Marco Bechis, 2008), which centres on the violence endured by a contemporary Brazilian Indigenous group attempting to reclaim their traditional lands occupied by agribusiness barons. Based on comparative analysis of Mabo and Terra Vermelha, this article discusses the similar challenges faced by Indigenous nations in these two countries, especially the colonial dispossession of their ancestral territories and the postcolonial obstacles to reclaim and exercise self-determination over them.

Fifty years of Brazilian Dental Materials Group: scientific contributions of dental materials field evaluated by systematic review.

ABSTRACTObjective A systematic review was conducted to analyze Brazilian scientific and technological production related to the dental materials field over the past 50 years.Material and Methods This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (Prisma) statement. Searches were performed until December 2014 in six databases: MedLine (PubMed), Scopus, LILACS, IBECS, BBO, and the Cochrane Library. Additionally, the Brazilian patent database (INPI - Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial) was screened in order to get an overview of Brazilian technological development in the dental materials field. Two reviewers independently analyzed the documents. Only studies and patents related to dental materials were included in this review. Data regarding the material category, dental specialty, number of documents and patents, filiation countries, and the number of citations were tabulated and analyzed in Microsoft Office Excel (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington, United States).Results A total of 115,806 studies and 53 patents were related to dental materials and were included in this review. Brazil had 8% affiliation in studies related to dental materials, and the majority of the papers published were related to dental implants (1,137 papers), synthetic resins (681 papers), dental cements (440 papers), dental alloys (392 papers) and dental adhesives (361 papers). The Brazilian technological development with patented dental materials was smaller than the scientific production. The most patented type of material was dental alloys (11 patents), followed by dental implants (8 patents) and composite resins (7 patents).Conclusions Dental materials science has had a substantial number of records, demonstrating an important presence in scientific and technological development of dentistry. In addition, it is important to approximate the relationship between academia and industry to expand the technological development in countries such as Brazil.

Vikings in Brazil: the Iceland Brazil Association shaping Icelandic heritage

The Iceland Brazil Association (AISBRA) was established in 1996 by a group of Brazilians of Icelandic descent, more than 100 years after the first generation of immigrants settled in Brazil in the nineteenth century. The association was the first organisation in Brazil to collectively emphasise and celebrate Icelandic heritage. The association caters to a disparate group of people that had, in many cases, little knowledge about their historical links to Iceland. In spite of the fragmented activities of AISBRA since its establishment, the number of participants has increased, reflecting their growing interest in their Icelandic past. This paper examines how the members of Iceland Brazil Association produce their heritage independently, outside the state recognised heritage, within the Brazilian national context. We analyse how identities are re/shaped in new ways to engage with the past and how values from the past are extracted and turned into contemporary economic, social, and political values. This paper stresses heritage-making as a social imaginary used to define collective identity, which, while based on ancestry, also intersects with ideas of race and class. Representations of their Icelandic heritage allow the members of the Brazil Iceland Association to emphasise their ‘Europeanness’ and thus their associations with whiteness in contemporary post-colonial Brazil.

Brazilian Green Propolis Improves Antioxidant Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Propolis contains a variety of bioactive components and possesses many biological properties. This study was designed to evaluate potential effects of Brazilian green propolis on glucose metabolism and antioxidant function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the 18-week randomized controlled study, enrolled patients with T2DM were randomly assigned to Brazilian green propolis group (900 mg/day) (n = 32) and control group (n = 33). At the end of the study, no significant difference was found in serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin, aldose reductase or adiponectin between the two groups. However, serum GSH and total polyphenols were significantly increased, and serum carbonyls and lactate dehydrogenase activity were significantly reduced in the Brazilian green propolis group. Serum TNF-α was significantly decreased, whereas serum IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly increased in the Brazilian green propolis group. It is concluded that Brazilian green propolis is effective in improving antioxidant function in T2DM patients.

The Origin and Advancement of Cardiovascular Physiology in Brazil: The Contribution of Eduardo Krieger to Research Groups.

Since 1996, symposia devoted to the discussion of advances in cardiovascular physiology have been alternately organized by Brazilian research groups, most of which were created or joined by Ph.D. trainees of Eduardo M Krieger. Therefore, as Frontiers in Physiology is publishing a topic devoted to the celebration of the 20th edition of the Brazilian Symposium of Cardiovascular Physiology, it is a great opportunity to talk about the contributions of Eduardo Krieger to the development of cardiovascular physiology. In this historical mini-review, first, the influence of the Argentinian group of Bernardo Houssay and Braun Menéndez on cardiovascular physiology in Brazil is discussed. Second, the contribution of Eduardo Krieger to the creation of several of those groups and to the development of science and technology is reviewed. Finally, the origin and consolidation of the group of Vitoria is highlighted as an example of a research group that was influenced by the University of Sao Paulo-Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto and has trained hundreds of Master and Ph.D. students in the area of cardiovascular research.

A review of seasonality of cleft births – The Brazil experience

AimsEvaluate the seasonal influence in nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) in Brazilian patients. MethodsA case-control study, with 361 unrelated patients with NSCL/P and 481 healthy individuals, was done on a reference service for craniofacial deformities in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Information was collected from clinical records considering gender, month of birth, as well as with the seasons. ResultsNonparametric tests did not show a seasonal variation in month of birth and in seasons of year of NSCL/P compared to a control group (p=0.902 and p=0.679, respectively). A difference in births between the groups was identified only in January, however, was not significant. Moreover, among the control group there were more births in the months of February and August, and for the cleft group, more in July and August. The males were more affected by cleft lip with or without palate (CLP) and the females by isolated cleft palate (CP) manifestation. The ratio of CL:CLP:CP indicated that CLP was predominant when compared with CL and CP, CLP was more frequent in male patients, and CP predominance was seen in females. ConclusionThis study did not show seasonal differences in births on NSCL/P in a Brazilian group, emphasizing that environmental factors may be related to oral clefts. These results provide a basis for further epidemiological studies of orofacial clefts in Brazil.

Esporte Interativo e o Dilema de Distribuição de Conteúdo: Um Estudo de Caso para Ensino

Este caso de ensino descreve a trajetória do grupo de mídia brasileiro Esporte Interativo (EI), empresa iniciada por três jovens empreendedores e dedicada a produzir e distribuir conteúdo esportivo em múltiplas plataformas. O dilema está centrado no CEO e sócio-fundador do grupo, Edgar Diniz, que enfrenta um novo momento na empresa com a venda iminente para a Turner, braço televisivo do grupo americano Time Warner, no final de 2014. O choque de modelos de negócios podem representar desafios para a gestão da empresa, que precisa decidir os rumos estratégicos futuros. As informações utilizadas no caso são reais e foram obtidas através de entrevistas em profundidade, com roteiro semiestruturado, com o fundador e CEO da empresa, o outro fundador e Vice Presidente de Mídias Digitais e o Vice Presidente de Desenvolvimento de Negócios, além de investigação documental e revisão bibliográfica. Sugere-se que o caso seja utilizado para alunos de pós graduação, em disciplinas de Estratégia Empresarial, com os seguintes objetivos educacionais: a) Análise de ecossistemas de negócios e reconfiguração de indústrias a partir das mudanças geradas pelo desenvolvimento das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação; b) Compreensão das questões estratégicas relacionadas à gestão de plataformas e das dinâmicas “winner-takes-all”, onde as recompensas por se alcançar a liderança são desproporcionais à vantagem que se possui sobre quem não a alcança, típicas de mercados em rede; c) Discussão dos tipos de inovação (incremental e disruptiva) e suas consequências para novos entrantes e incumbentes; d) Planejamento com Cenários.

A Oferta tecnológica acadêmica da mesorregião do sul fluminense: um estudo informétrico do Diretório dos Grupos de Pesquisa (DGP)

The South of Rio de Janeiro State has a significant contribution for the Brazilian GNP. This contribution is because of the number of established companies and also by the amount of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). This paper aims at identifying the profile of academic technological offer through a informetric study of research groups certificates in the Brazilian Research Groups Directory. The theoretical framework addresses the technological offer, which are innovations created in order to meet the market needs for technology. The methodology can be summarized in: (1) filtering the state groups in Rio de Janeiro; (2) development of an algorithm for the extraction of data; (3) cleaning incomplete data; (4) data analysis. As a result, there are a increase in the amount of research group per year; the city of Volta Redonda concentrates most of the research group in the south of the State; Engineering, Health Sciences and Social Sciences are the themes with a larger amount of technological offer in the South of Rio de Janeiro State. These themes are associated to local needsStill, there is evidence of collaboration between Company and HEI. The main HEI in technological offer is the Universidade Federal Fluminense. The database used is the main limitation of this study because it does not contain data from independent researchers or research groups not registered. We propose to replicate this study in other regions of the Rio de Janeiro State. Keywords: Technological Offer. South Of Rio De Janeiro State. Research Groups.

The prospects for transnational advocacy across the IBSA bloc – a view from Brazil

The literature on transnational advocacy networks (TANs) suggests that they may be a valid option for activists in India, Brazil and South Africa (the members of the IBSA bloc) to coordinate efforts to influence their states’ foreign policy. Since its formation the IBSA bloc has formalised spaces for networking among governmental officials, business interests and academics. Yet there are no examples of TANs whose activism has occurred across IBSA, with the purpose of influencing the bloc’s policies. This case study of the challenges that Brazilian advocacy groups face in forging TANs with like-minded groups across IBSA sheds light on the challenges confronting activists and suggests ways of overcoming them.

Detection of Vaccinia virus during an outbreak of exanthemous oral lesions in Brazilian equids.

In August 2014, an outbreak of oral exanthematous disease in equids was reported in Brazil, affecting 11 donkeys and 3 mules. To investigate if Vaccinia virus (VACV) was the aetiological agent in this outbreak. Investigation of clinical cases using serological, molecular and phylogenetic approaches. To analyse the presence of neutralising antibodies against VACV, samples were submitted in triplicate to a plaque-reduction neutralisation test (PRNT50% ). On the basis of previous studies which detected VACV DNA in sera, we submitted extracted DNA samples to different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) platforms targeting Orthopoxvirus (OPV) genes (C11R, A56R and A26L). The PCR products were directly sequenced in both orientations using specific primers and capillary electrophoresis. The alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the A26L and A56R nucleotide sequences (maximum likelihood) were prepared with the obtained nucleotide fragments. Serological and molecular data suggested VACV as the aetiological agent. The neutralising antibodies against OPV were detected in 5 (55.5%) of the equids, with titres ≥40 neutralising u/ml. Based on the results obtained from all PCR platforms, all samples were positive for OPV: 9 (100%) for A56R, 4 (44.4%) for C11R and 3 (33.3%) for A26L. The alignment of the nucleotide sequences of the A26L and A56R fragments revealed that the samples were highly similar to the homologous genes from other Brazilian VACV Group 1 isolates (98.8% identity on average). Furthermore, both the A26L and A56R sequences showed signature deletions also present in the sequences of Group 1 VACV isolates from Brazil. Our data raises questions about the role of equids in the chain of VACV epidemiology. The surveillance of equids in VACV-affected areas worldwide is relevant.

Absence of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Is a Reproducible Predictive Factor for Sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis: A Multicenter Database Study by the Brazilian Melanoma Group.

AimsThe aim of this study is to confirm the function of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study included 633 patients with invasive melanoma who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy in 7 referral centers certified by the Brazilian Melanoma Group. Independent risk factors of sentinel node metastasis (SNL) were identified by multiple logistic regression.ResultsSLN metastasis was detected in 101 of 633 cases (16.1%) and in 93 of 428 patients (21.7%) when melanomas ≤ 1mm were excluded. By multiple logistic regression, the absence of TILs was as an independent risk factor of SLN metastasis (OR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.1–3.0), in addition to Breslow index (greater than 2.00 mm), lymph vascular invasion, and presence of mitosis.ConclusionSLNB can identify patients who might benefit from immunotherapy, and the determination of predictors of SLNB positivity can help select the proper population for this type of therapy. The absence of TILs is a reproducible parameter that can predict SLNB positivity in melanoma patients, since this study was made with several centers with different dermatopathologists.

Incidence of vertebral fractures in calcium and vitamin D-supplemented postmenopausal Brazilian women with osteopenia or osteoporosis: data from Arzoxifene Generations Trial.

Vertebral fracture is the most common osteoporotic fracture, affecting quality of life and increasing mortality. Epidemiological data on incidence of vertebral fracture are scarce in Brazil and throughout Latin America. Our aim was to determine vertebral fracture incidence and risk factors in a female Brazilian population. Postmenopausal women with low bone mass were studied from the Brazilian placebo group of Arzoxifene Generations Trial (n = 974), followed for up to 5 years. The primary endpoint was new vertebral fractures, detected by X-Ray. Experimental design defined two strata: A. Osteoporosis or previous vertebral fracture with osteopenia; B. Osteopenia without previous fracture. Previous fracture, T-score, ionized calcium, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and glucose were analyzed at baseline. Crude and adjusted incidence rates of vertebral fractures were estimated and Poisson regression model was used. Incidence rate was 7.7 (95% CI of 5.4 to 10.9) per 1,000 person-years (PY), increasing as a function of age. Women with new vertebral fractures had higher prevalence of previous nonvertebral fracture after menopause, were older and had lower lumbar spine (LS) T-score. Fracture risk increased by 46% for each unit reduction in LS T-score. Variables correlated with new vertebral fracture were age (p = 0.034), LS T-score, stratum A (p = 0.001 for both) and previous nonvertebral fracture after menopause (p = 0.019). In the final model, LS T-score was the strongest predictor. Incidence rate of vertebral fracture of 7.7 per 1,000 PY. Age and previous fractures were associated with new vertebral fracture, but LS T-score was the most important predictor.

Herpes zoster infection in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a large multicenter study.

The aim of this multicenter study in a large childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) population was to assess the herpes zoster infection (HZI) prevalence, demographic data, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, treatment, and outcome. A retrospective multicenter cohort study (Brazilian cSLE group) was performed in ten Pediatric Rheumatology services in São Paulo State, Brazil, and included 852 cSLE patients. HZI was defined according to the presence of acute vesicular-bullous lesions on erythematous/edematous base, in a dermatomal distribution. Post-herpetic neuralgia was defined as persistent pain after one month of resolution of lesions in the same dermatome. Patients were divided in two groups for the assessment of current lupus manifestations, laboratory findings, and treatment: patients with HZI (evaluated at the first HZI) and patients without HZI (evaluated at the last visit). The frequency of HZI in cSLE patients was 120/852 (14%). Hospitalization occurred in 73 (61%) and overlap bacterial infection in 16 (13%). Intravenous or oral aciclovir was administered in 113/120 (94%) cSLE patients at HZI diagnosis. None of them had ophthalmic complication or death. Post-herpetic neuralgia occurred in 6/120 (5%). After Holm-Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, disease duration (1.58 vs 4.41 years, p < 0.0001) was significantly lower in HZI cSLE patients compared to those without HZI. Nephritis (37% vs 18%, p < 0.0001), lymphopenia (32% vs 17%, p < 0.0001) prednisone (97% vs 77%, p < 0.0001), cyclophosphamide (20% vs 5%, p < 0.0001) and SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (6.0 (0-35) vs 2 (0-45), p < 0.0001) were significantly higher in the former group. The logistic regression model showed that four independent variables were associated with HZI: disease duration < 1 year (OR 2.893 (CI 1.821-4.597), p < 0.0001), lymphopenia <1500/mm(3) (OR 1.931 (CI 1.183-3.153), p = 0.009), prednisone (OR 6.723 (CI 2.072-21.815), p = 0.002), and cyclophosphamide use (OR 4.060 (CI 2.174-7.583), p < 0.0001). HZI is an early viral infection in cSLE with a typical dermatomal distribution. Lymphopenia and immunosuppressive treatment seem to be major factors underlying this complication in spite of a benign course.