Abstract
Charinus taboa sp. n. comprises the twenty-second species of the genus described for Brazil. The new species belongs to the eastern Brazilian group, in which all species have sucker-like gonopods. Charinus taboa sp. n. has a marked sexual dimorphism in the pedipalps as do other members of the genus in the country. The description of Charinus taboa sp. n. offers an opportunity to discuss some aspects of ecology, troglomorphism and conservation within the genus. A key to the eastern Brazilian species of Charinus is provided.
Highlights
Knowledge of the Amblypygi fauna remained low and fairly constant for many years until last decade of the 20th century, when studies and descriptions of whip spiders considerably increased in number (Harvey 2007)
As proposed by Weygoldt (2005, 2006, 2008), species of Charinus can be divided into four groups based on the morphology of the female gonopods, including species with “sucker-like” gonopods (Charinus brasilianus group), “cushion-like” gonopods (Charinus australianus group), a group of species with “finger-like” gonopods (Charinus bengalensis group), and the group represented by Charinus seychellarum, in which the gonopods were totally lost
In Brazil, the species distributed on the eastern side are included in the C. brasilianus group, while species distributed in the Amazon region are considered part of the C. australianus group
Summary
Knowledge of the Amblypygi fauna remained low and fairly constant for many years until last decade of the 20th century, when studies and descriptions of whip spiders considerably increased in number (Harvey 2007). Last year, reaching 21 described species (Vasconcelos and Ferreira 2016, Giupponi and Miranda 2016). The most specious and widely distributed group of Amblypygi is the genus Charinus. It is found throughout the tropics, including diverse types of habitat and even oceanic islands (Weygoldt 2000, Miranda and Giupponi 2011, Jocque and Giupponi 2012, Harvey 2013, Vasconcelos et al 2013, 2014, Réveillion and Maquart 2015). The considerable richness of the genus (more than 60 species) allied with its wide distribution and distinct morphologies of the female genitalia suggest that the genus is not monophyletic (Weygoldt 1996, 2000, Harvey 2013)
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