The objective of the article is to point out how the relationship between State power and religion occurred in the Brazilian Constitutions, from the colonial period to the Federal Constitution of 1988. The relationship between Church and State did not occur uniformly in Brazil. On the contrary, the various national Constitutions maintained links and created ruptures between one Constitution and another, sustaining the tension between separatist and confessional ideals in the relationship between Church and State. In the first section, it will reflect on the comprehensive concept of religion and its relationship with society, from Durkheim and Eliade. In the second section, it will take up the concept of state power based on the general theory of the state, by Hobbes and Rousseau. In the third and final section, it will analyze the relationship between religion and the Brazilian state based on its federal constitutions throughout the history of Brazil.