Standards Of Beauty Research Articles

Research on the Exploitation of Artists in the K-pop Industry

The Korean pop music (K-Pop) industry has garnered fame in the recent years and has had a great economic impact on South Korea . It is best known for its music, performances and content creation but behind the glitz and glamour of the idol industry lies the dark truth if exploitation of its artists particularly minors. This paper examines the exploitation of artists, the trainee system, debut process, sexualization of minors and the impact of sasaeng fans. The unfair contracts, long working hours, the toxic beauty standards, limited rights over their craft which often leads to physical and mental health issues for these young artists’. The K-pop industry has been under scrutiny for its treatment and sexualization of minors. The intrusive and obsessive behaviors of the sasaeng fans further exacerbate the situation leading to concerns over the well-being of the artists. It also covers the government’s role and intervention in protection of minors and the protection of artists. However, more needs to be done to address these issues within the industry and strong measures need to be taken to ensure the well being of the artists and protection of minors within the industry.

The Effect and Implication of Social Media Platforms on Cosmetic Facial Plastic Surgery Among Females in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Facial plastic surgery addresses various facial imperfections, offering a range of procedures like rhinoplasty and facelifts. Social media promotes unrealistic beauty standards, leading to increased demand for such surgeries. Studies highlight its influence, emphasizing the need for research in this area. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of social media advertisements and selfies on facial cosmetic surgery decisions and plans among females in Saudi Arabia. Methodology This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that targeted females aged 18-80 years old. An electronic questionnaire in Arabic was used for data collection. Data was analyzed in IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 29 (Released 2023; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results Our study assessed 568 Saudi females regarding social media's impact on facial cosmetic surgery. Most of them were aged 21-30 years (39.4%) and Saudi nationals (94.2%). The majority, 87.9% (n=499), had not undergone cosmetic surgeries, and 12.1% (n=69) had; 68.1% (n=387) did not plan future surgeries. Notably, 42.6% (n=242) cited surgeon self-advertising and 38.0% (n=216) better selfies as an influencing factor in their cosmetic surgery decision. Logistic regression revealed several significant predictors of cosmetic surgery decisions including surgeon's advertisement (Exp(B) = 2.812, p < 0.001), cosmetic show viewing (Exp(B) = 2.327, p = 0.004), and social media photos (Exp(B) = 2.762, p = 0.001). Education (Exp(B) = 1.533, p = 0.035) and previous surgery (Exp(B) = 4.523, p < 0.001) correlated positively with considering surgery. Conclusion Our study highlights social media's influence on facial cosmetic surgery decisions among Saudi females. Surgeon advertisements, social media exposure, education, and previous surgery history emerged as significant predictors, warranting further research and targeted interventions.

Artificial Look: Body Narcissism in the Fashion and Cosmetic Industry

Consumers universally engage with cosmetic products in pursuit of bodily perfection, often influenced by prevailing fashion trends dictating societal beauty standards through advertising. Consequently, a woman's body serves as a cornerstone of identity, its alignment with these standards transforming it into a commodified entity. While the fashion industry ostensibly champions feminist ideals of empowerment, its underlying motive remains profit generation. This paper endeavors to explore the commodification of women's bodies within the fashion and cosmetic industries, illuminating its enduring implications. Through a historical analysis spanning from the colonial era to contemporary society, we examine the evolution of the body as a commodity, drawing on secondary sources and available data on beauty standards. Grounded in Saussure's structuralist framework, this study aims to unravel the intricate dynamics underpinning the commodification process and its broader societal ramifications.

A Systematic Review on the Reinforcement Loop in Aesthetic Medicine and Surgery: The Interplay of Social Media, Self-Perception, and Repeat Procedures.

This systematic review delves into the impact of social media on self-perception and the escalating interest in clinical aesthetic procedures, proposing that social media significantly influences beauty standards and increases demand for aesthetic enhancements. Following PRISMA guidelines, a mixed-method analysis of 34 articles was conducted, sourced from various databases, focusing on social media's psychological effects on clinical aesthetics decisions. The studies encompassed a broad spectrum, including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methodologies, reflecting diverse geographical and cultural perspectives. The quantitative analysis demonstrated a strong positive correlation between social media usage and the consideration of aesthetic procedures (r=0.45, p<0.001), indicating a significant impact. Specific findings included a large effect size (Cohen's d=0.8) for the relationship between time spent on social media and the desire for aesthetic enhancements. Individuals spending more than 3 hours per day on social media platforms were twice as likely to consider aesthetic procedures compared to those with less usage, with a 95% confidence interval indicating robustness in these findings. Confirming the reinforcing effect of social media on aesthetic decision-making, this study highlights the complex interplay between digital media exposure, altered self-perception, and the increased inclination towards aesthetic procedures. It suggests a critical need for practitioners to carefully navigate the digital influence on patient's desires, reinforcing the significance of understanding psychological motivations and societal pressures in clinical aesthetics. This comprehensive analysis offers pivotal insights for clinical practice and ongoing research into social media's role in contemporary beauty standards. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Beauty Pageants in the Japanese Colonial Era of Korea (1931 and 1940).

The aim of this study was to analyze the beauty pageants that were held in Korea during the Japanese colonial era (1931, 1940). Through searches of www.google.com and www.naver.com , 3 pageants were found: (1) 1931, Miss Korea, organized by Samchunli (a magazine): Any Korean woman, with the exception of Korean geishas, could apply by submitting her photographs. The number of candidates was 326. Nine Korean judges evaluated the photos of the candidates. Among them, the victor was an 18-year-old Korean woman. (2) 1931 (Oct), Miss Joseon, organized by Osaka Mainichi Shimbun: The candidates were categorized into 2 groups: 10 "internals" (Japanese) and 10 Koreans. Their heights and weights, along with their photographs, were provided for the readers' reference. The winners were determined based on the readers' votes. The Japanese victor was a 21-year-old student with a height of 150cm and a weight of 52kg (body mass index [BMI] 23.11kg/m 2 ). The Korean winner was a 19-year-old student standing at 157cm and weighing 53kg (BMI 21.50kg/m 2 ). (3) 1940, Venus of the Peninsula, organized by Modern Japan (a magazine): The candidates were Korean women residing in Japan or Korea. The panel of judges evaluated the photographs of the candidates. The victor was a 20-year-old Korean geisha. Her winning photograph was featured in the Korean edition of the magazine Modern Japan. She stood at 157cm in height and weighed 45kg (BMI 18.25kg/m 2 ). As beauty standards evolved over time, the beauty standards of the 1930s were markedly different from those of today.

Colorism and Stereotypes in Asia: A Post colonial Reading and Evaluation

Asia with its vibrant nature of different culture and celebrations, somehow portrays norms and ideas that would consciously become an integral part of cultural and societal values. As such, color consciousness is co-related in the very nature of Asia as a whole in numerous forms; of which allows into identity, beauty and social and cultural values. This study is investigating and evaluating the idea of colorism that of which has been in the deep-rooted ideology of each part of Asia from the landscape of history itself; colonial structure to class, identity, beauty and representations. The idea is constructed in various forms of class structure, thus formulated into beauty standards and stereotypes in Asian culture. Through postcolonial reading of theoretical practice in cultural artifacts makes it possible to examine this issue efficiently.

Lizzo’s intersectional visibility politics: contesting colonial beauty standards and dismantling the white heteropatriarchal gaze

ABSTRACT The body positive movement—which initially set out to positively represent, humanize, and liberate fat, nonnormative, and multiply marginalized bodies—has been co-opted, commodified, and depoliticized. For the movement to have any chance of returning to its radical fat activist roots, it must shift to center intersectionality in both the forms of rhetorical labor engaged by body positive rhetors as well as the bodies on and through which body positive rhetoric gains visibility. Using popular hip-hop artist Lizzo as a timely and illustrative example, this essay suggests that intersectional visibility politics are central to the political viability and decolonial worldmaking potential of body positivity. I analyze the ways in which Lizzo’s celebrity persona engages two forms of rhetorical labor that recenter the body positive movement back onto multiply marginalized bodies like hers and envision the possibility of a fat-positive world: (1) assemblaging the big butt and the fat, Black body, and (2) resisting dominant gazing and representational practices through performances of feeling herself. In doing so, I theorize intersectional assemblaging and feeling herself as two rhetorical maneuvers of intersectional visibility that reclaim power, agency, and humanity outside of the terms offered by coloniality and the white heteropatriarchal gaze.

Validation of the translated Negative Physical Self Scale in a sample of Asian women living in Canada.

Body dissatisfaction is often linked to the internalization of Western beauty standards. Existing measures of body dissatisfaction, developed in Western societies, may fail to capture complex variations across ethnicities and cultures. The Negative Physical Self Scale (NPSS) assesses cognitive, affective, perceptual, and behavioural facets of body dissatisfaction. While unique in its consideration of Chinese ideals of body image, the NPSS has recently been translated and validated in a North American sample. The English-translated version of the NPSS has the potential to be an appropriate body dissatisfaction assessment tool for Asian women living in North America. The current study aims to validate the NPSS in an Asian female population living in Canada. A sample of 899 undergraduate women residing in Canada with self-identified Asian ethnicity completed an online survey consisting of the NPSS and other measures of body dissatisfaction. An initial confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the four-factor structure of the NPSS, previously suggested in a primarily non-Asian North American sample, was a poor fit for the data. A second-order multidimensional model, based on a model proposed during the original development of the NPSS in a Chinese sample, indicated good fit once items were removed due to loadings < .60. High internal consistency between subscales and strong convergent validity with other measures were demonstrated. Notably, the NPSS Body Concern subscale demonstrated high convergence with other popular measures of body dissatisfaction and has the potential for use as a brief measure of body dissatisfaction among North American Asian females in clinical and research settings. The NPSS provides a valid assessment of body dissatisfaction among a sample of Asian women living in Canada, a specific subpopulation that has not been previously investigated. The findings highlight the importance of developing culturally sensitive measures of body dissatisfaction for differing ethnic and cultural groups.

Educational strategies to combat harmful cosmetic dermatology trends in Generations Alpha and Z

This contribution argues in favor of implementing comprehensive educational strategies to combat the harmful effects of social media (SM) on body image and self-perception among Generations Alpha and Z. These generations are often exposed to unattainable beauty standards that can lead to distorted self-perceptions and body image disorders such as Zoom dysmorphia. To address this issue, we propose embedding health education, critical media literacy, and active parental involvement in educational curricula. The goal is to help young individuals develop the skills necessary to critically evaluate and navigate the pressures of SM. We believe that incorporating health education, critical media literacy, and active parental engagement into school programs is urgently needed to counteract the adverse effects of SM on body image and self-perception. These initiatives will equip young people with the necessary tools to evaluate SM content critically, navigate SM influences more safely and effectively, and develop a more resilient and informed perspective. This proactive educational approach is vital for improving mental health outcomes and mitigating the psychologic impacts of digital media. We hope that this comprehensive strategy will ultimately help future generations face SM pressures with confidence and critical awareness.

REVIEW ARTICLE ON THE EFFECTS OF AYURVEDIC VARNYA HERBS

In the contemporary landscape, the desire for a luminous complexion has grown remarkably, steering individuals towards an inclination for fair skin. This quest for radiance is witnessing a distinctive shift towards an increased preference for natural products over their synthetic alternatives. The unfolding narrative in the realm of skin enhancement delves into a burgeoning realm, constantly enriched by updated insights and discoveries. Intricately woven into this narrative is the timeless wisdom of Ayurveda, where terms like varṇya, raktaprasadana, and tvacya illuminate the path to skin luminosity. Ayurveda not only encapsulates a historical perspective on skin care but also aligns seamlessly with modern methodologies. Tyrosinase inhibition, a contemporary approach to skin lightening (whitening), finds resonance in Ayurvedic principles, forming a bridge between tradition and innovation. As societal beauty standards evolve, this nuanced interplay between tradition and modernity underscores a unique trajectory in the pursuit of radiant skin. The convergence of ancient wisdom and cutting-edge research epitomizes a distinctive approach to skincare, where the desire for light skin is not merely a trend but a harmonious blend of heritage and progress.

The whitening efficacy of a compound formula examined using an ultraviolet-induced skin melanization model.

In Eastern culture, a fair complexion is the standard of beauty, leading to appearance-related distress among women with darker skin or facial pigmentation. Women seek whitening cosmetics to enhance their skin tone or correct their pigmentation, but their safety and effectiveness are paramount factors to consider. In this study, we evaluated the safety and whitening effects of a compound formula denoted as TEST comprising astaxanthin, nicotinamide, arbutin, and tranexamic acid. Primary skin irritation and skin-whitening efficacy were examined. Three qualified melanization areas were treated with TEST, 7% ascorbic acid, or a blank. Skin color, the individual type angle (ITA°), and the melanin index (MI) were compared among treatment areas. TEST did not induce a skin response and exhibited a significantly higher ITA° than the blank, while no significant difference was observed with that of 7% ascorbic acid. Furthermore, the MI of TEST was significantly reduced posttreatment. TEST could be integrated into spot-fading and skin-whitening cosmeceuticals or functional cosmetics.

Formulation and Evaluation of Poly Herbal Body Scrub

The research aimed to produce an Polyherbal body scrub. These days, the demand for skin care products and treatments has increased to a larger extend.Having a proper appearance and a beauty standard has gotten a lot of importance. A typical skin care routine consists of a cleanser, a serum, a moisturizer and a sunscreen.Among these, it has been seen that the serums are the new go to when it comes to building an excellent skin routine. Serums come in various types of formulation be it for oily, dry or anything in between type of skin. Facial wrinkles and skin aging are undesirable outcome of photo damage and ultraviolet (UV) rays. Currently no effective strategies are available to delay skin aging process. Aloe Vera, glycerin and honeybee venom face serum is a highly concentrated cosmetic product. When using aloe Vera we get not only a quick cosmetic effects but also psychological satisfactions, serum has a property of rapid absorption and ability to penetrate into deeper layer of the skin. In the present work we have formulated the poly herbal body scrub by using Orange peel powder, SCI powder, SLS powder, Honey, Glycerine, Bees wax, Aloe vera. These formulations are safe to use for skin and found to be satisfied with all required characterizations. The scrub was evaluated by using the parameters like Appearance, Viscosity, pH, Spreadibility, Washability, Grittiness, Foamability, Moisture content, Consistancytest and Irritation.

The aesthetic experience of general beauty and ugly-cute memes: the role of emotion.

Generally, beauty has been regarded as an outward expression of elegance and harmony, providing visual pleasure and evoking a sense of aesthetic enjoyment. However, in recent years, a phenomenon called "ugly-cute" has emerged, challenging the conventional standards of beauty by embracing a form of "ugliness" to enhance its appeal. The reasons and mechanisms behind this phenomenon remain largely unexplored so far. This study aims to investigate the role of emotions, such as pleasure, humor, and surprise, in the relationship between ugly-cute characteristics and attractiveness. The findings reveal that general beauty directly generates attractiveness by eliciting pleasurable emotions, whereas ugly-cute memes achieve attractiveness by inducing pleasurable emotions through the mediation of humor. Furthermore, while both "ugly" and "ugly-cute" memes evoke a sense of surprise, that elicited by ugly-cute memes is accompanied by a humorous response, thereby enhancing their attractiveness, whereas the "ugly" memes fail to evoke humor and lack attractiveness. Finally, we discuss the potential implications and practical value of the current research.

Perceptions of Sun Protection, Skin Tone, Colorism, and Dermatologic Care Among South Asians in the USA.

South Asians (SAs) are among the fastest growing populations in the USA. Colorism - the system of inequality that views lighter skin as more advantageous in society - is prevalent in SA culture. This study evaluates motivations of sun protection use, attitudes of colorism, and skin lightening (SL) practices among SA Americans. Two-hundred-four participants recruited from online forums and ResearchMatch completed a questionnaire. Over half (111/204) reported use of sunscreen, of which 39.6% (44/111) reported daily or frequent use. Nearly half of respondents (98/204) believed that they are not at risk for skin cancer, with 37.7% (77/204) reporting minimal knowledge of skin cancers and only 4.9% (10/204) receiving a total body skin exam. One-third (65/204) reported being more concerned about prevention of tanning than skin cancer. In total, 38.2% (78/204) of respondents reported use of SL products, of which 33.3% (26/78) reported hydroquinone-based products and 26.9% (21/78) were unaware of the ingredients in their SL product. Only 16.7% (13/78) consulted a medical professional before using SL products. While many agreed that SA culture places high importance on light skin with regards to beauty standards (82.3%, 168/204), less noted that lighter skin is more beautiful (37.0%, 74/204). SL users more strongly agreed with colorism attitudes than non-users. Limitations include a small sample size with younger participants. Dermatologists must be mindful of the cultural motivations for skin tone preferences, sun protection habits, and SL behaviors and provide culturally relevant education on sunscreen, skin cancer, and risks of SL for the SA community.

The strategies of using Chinese language in cosmetic advertising through the Taobao online marketplace

This study aimed to 1) analyze the information structure of texts concerning facial beauty in Chinese cosmetics advertisements, and 2) examine linguistic strategies employed within the advertisements. Language strategies in 150 Chinese cosmetic product advertisements from Taobao were analyzed, employing critical discourse analysis concepts as proposed by Norman Fairclough and Teun Adrianus van Dijk. By exploring the advertising language, the study offered valuable insights into the persuasive techniques used in the cosmetics industry. It categorized the strategies into semantic and discourse-pragmatic. Semantic strategies involved descriptive verbs, intensifiers, negation, and word formation through pinyin transliteration. Discourse-pragmatic strategies included presuppositions, figures of speech, claims, and rhetorical questions. These strategies mirrored beauty values in Chinese society, implying beauty was achievable through the products advertised. The study highlighted the significant impact of language strategies in forming beauty ideals, influencing consumer beliefs, and motivating the pursuit of beauty standards. This analysis of cosmetic advertising in China showcased the influential role of language in shaping societal views and consumer behavior.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ВОСПРИЯТИЯ СТАНДАРТОВ КРАСОТЫ НА ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЕ ЛИЧНОСТИ

The problem of the negative impact of ideal beauty standards created by the media on individual self-esteem and psychological well-being in general is considered

Lived Experiences of Indians with Acne: Navigating Social Support and Mental Well-being

This qualitative inquiry delved into the complex lived experiences of individuals in India navigating acne and its impact on social support dynamics and psychological well-being. Through subjective narratives, the study revealed profound emotional repercussions, challenges to self-perception, and sociocultural influences. Participants reported feelings of embarrassment, anxiety, and insecurity, exacerbated by societal beauty standards and external scrutiny. Familial support provided crucial emotional solace, while societal pressures, especially through social media, heightened psychological distress. Supportive peer relationships mitigated adverse effects on self-esteem. Coping strategies ranged from therapy-seeking to skincare regimens. Cultural factors and gender disparities, including male emotional invalidation, were identified. This research contributes to understanding the multidimensional challenges faced by individuals with acne in India, highlighting the need for tailored interventions promoting resilience and holistic well-being.

The influence of social media on public attitudes and behaviors towards cosmetic dermatologic procedures and skin care practices: A study in Saudi Arabia.

Social media has fostered a landscape where trends, ideals, and beauty standards have significantly proliferated. Images of flawless skin, sculpted features, and curated aesthetics inundate user feeds, potentially shaping their self-perceptions and aspirations. The rise of influencers, dermatologist social media engagement, and beauty campaigns sharing skincare routines and product recommendations wield substantial influence over individual appearance-related decisions. The main aim of this study is to determine the pattern of behavior in using social media to seek dermatological procedures and skin care routine. We conducted a nationwide, online cross-sectional study targeting the general Saudi population. Our survey aimed to understand participant social media behaviors and gather insights into skincare products, cosmetic procedures, and makeup habits. Gender-related differences emerged in seeking skincare advice. Females preferred dermatologists on social media (p < 0.001) and beauty influencers (p < 0.001), whereas men leaned towards pharmacists (p < 0.001). Women displayed stronger engagement with dermatologist social media reputation regarding non-cosmetic concerns (p < 0.001), education (p < 0.001), and social media impact on cosmetic decisions (p = 0.001). They frequently sought dermatologists on social media before appointments (p = 0.001), whereas men emphasized dermatologists' fame (p = 0.024). Common cosmetic barriers included high costs (62.5%), complications (40.3%), and trust issues (40.2%). Women underwent various cosmetic procedures (p < 0.05), influenced by social media in their decisions and skincare routines. Our study reveals significant gender-based disparities in seeking skincare advice. Women rely on social media, clinics, friends, and beauty influencers, whereas men prefer pharmacists. Additionally, women depend on dermatologists' social media reputation and conduct thorough pre-appointment research. Their heightened social media engagement links to skincare practices and influences cosmetic procedure considerations based on age and usage frequency.

Validation of an adapted Italian-language version of the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire-3 (SATAQ-3), within a female population: the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire - Social Media (SATAQ-SM).

Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-Social Media (SATAQ-SM) is a self-administered questionnaire for the evaluation of social media pressure and internalization of beauty standards. This study aims to validate the SATAQ-SM an adapted Italian version of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire third version (SATAQ-3). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to investigate whether the empirical data fitted the four-factor structure of SATAQ-3. Assessment of goodness-of-fit was based on standard model fit criteria: relative χ2 value (χ2/df), Root Mean-Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA), Comparative Fit Index (CFI) and Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI). Internal consistency was assessed using McDonald's omega. Criterion validity was calculated by correlating the SATAQ-SM factors scores with the total score of the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES) and Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). Four-hundred and eighty-five females agreed to participate in the study. The four-factor model appears to be confirmed by the fit indices: χ2/df = 3.73, RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.99 and TLI = 0.99. All the items defining the four factors had a factor loading of ≥0.40. McDonald's omega of the entire questionnaire was equal to 0.95 and for the four subscales it did not assume values lower than 0.81. The correlations between the factor score of SATAQ-SM and the RSES were all negative and statistically relevant (p < 0.001); the correlations between the scores of the SATAQ-SM subscales and the total score of the EAT-26 are all positive and statistically significant. SATAQ-SM demonstrated good psychometric properties to assess the influence of social media on body image perception related to social media.

SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCE ON BEAUTY TRENDS

Social media has greatly influenced the changes of beauty in recent years. An increasing number of people resort to such social media platforms as Instagram or YouTube for inspiration in terms of style, hair, or makeup ideas. The purpose of this research is to prove the vast impact of influencers, especially those on Instagram, YouTube, and Tiktok, on the creation, distribution, and result of beauty trends in the modern digital period. Authentic and relatable content from influencer help to bridge the gap between them and their audience. However, if beauty ideals are unattainable and self-esteem and body image can suffer greatly from constantly seeing meticulously planned content about beautiful women. Given the global reach of social media, there is also the problem of culture appropriation. The study highlights the complex relationship between beauty trends and social media. This calls for investigations into models that promote healthier beauty standards, responsible content creation; and a more inclusive representation of beauty on these networks. Key words: Social network, fashion trends, ideal looks, the age of digitization, power